{"id":52759,"date":"2019-11-16T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-11-15T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/reliz-nncp-5-0-0-utilit-dlya-peredachi-fajlov-pochty-v-rezhime-store-and-forward"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:00:33","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:00:33","slug":"reliz-nncp-5-0-0-utilit-dlya-peredachi-fajlov-pochty-v-rezhime-store-and-forward","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/reliz-nncp-5-0-0-utilit-dlya-peredachi-fajlov-pochty-v-rezhime-store-and-forward","title":{"rendered":"Lansarea NNCP 5.0.0, utilitare pentru transferul de fi\u0219iere\/mail \u00een mod store-and-forward","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lists.cypherpunks.ru\/pipermail\/nncp-devel\/2019-November\/000084.html\">A avut loc<\/a><\/noindex> lansare <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nncpgo.org\/Ob-utilitakh.html\">Copie \u00eentre noduri<\/a><\/noindex> (NNCP), un set de utilitare pentru transferul sigur de fi\u0219iere, e-mail \u0219i comenzi pentru execu\u021bie \u00een modul <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Store_and_forward\">store-and-forward<\/a><\/noindex>. Este suportat\u0103 func\u021bionarea pe sisteme de operare compatibile POSIX. Utilitarele sunt scrise \u00een limbajul Go \u0219i sunt distribuite sub licen\u021ba GPLv3.<\/p>\n<p>Utilitarele sunt orientate s\u0103 ajute la construirea unor re\u021bele mici peer-to-peer <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Friend-to-friend\">friend-to-friend<\/a><\/noindex> c\u0103 (o duzin\u0103 de noduri) cu rutare static\u0103 pentru transferul sigur de fi\u0219iere \u00een modul fire-and-forget, cereri de fi\u0219iere, e-mail \u0219i cereri de execu\u021bie a comenzilor. Toate pachetele transferate <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nncpgo.org\/Encrypted.html\">sunt criptate<\/a><\/noindex> (end-to-end) \u0219i sunt autentificate \u00een mod explicit prin chei publice cunoscute ale cunoscu\u021bilor. Criptarea onion (ca \u00een Tor) este aplicat\u0103 pentru toate pachetele intermediare. Fiecare nod poate ac\u021biona at\u00e2t ca client, c\u00e2t \u0219i ca server, folosind at\u00e2t modelul push c\u00e2t \u0219i cel poll.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nncpgo.org\/Sravnenie.html\">Diferen\u021ba<\/a><\/noindex> NNCP fa\u021b\u0103 de solu\u021bii <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uucp\">UUCP<\/a><\/noindex> \u0219i <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/FTN\">FTN<\/a><\/noindex> (FidoNet Technology Network), pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 criptarea \u0219i autentificarea men\u021bionate anterior, este suportul nativ pentru re\u021bele <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82\">floppinet<\/a><\/noindex> \u0219i computere, fizic izolate (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%80_(%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85)\">air-gapped<\/a><\/noindex>) de re\u021belele locale \u0219i publice nesigure. O caracteristic\u0103 a NNCP este, de asemenea, integrarea u\u0219oar\u0103 (similar cu UUCP) cu serverele de e-mail existente, cum ar fi Postfix \u0219i Exim.<\/p>\n<p>Dintre posibilele domenii de aplicare ale NNCP <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nncpgo.org\/Scenarii.html\">se remarc\u0103<\/a><\/noindex> organizarea trimiterii\/recept\u0103rii de e-mail pe dispozitive f\u0103r\u0103 conexiune constant\u0103 la internet, transferul de fi\u0219iere \u00een condi\u021bii de conexiune instabil\u0103, transferul sigur de volume foarte mari de date pe suporturi fizice, crearea de re\u021bele izolate protejate \u00eempotriva atacurilor MitM, ocolirea cenzurii \u0219i supravegherii. Deoarece cheia de decriptare se afl\u0103 doar la destinatar, indiferent de c\u0103ile de livrare a pachetului prin re\u021bea sau prin suporturi fizice, o parte ter\u021b\u0103 nu poate citi con\u021binutul, chiar dac\u0103 princepe un trimis. \u00cen schimb, autentificarea prin semn\u0103tur\u0103 digital\u0103 nu permite crearea unui trimis fals sub numele altui expeditor.<\/p>\n<p>Printre nout\u0103\u021bile NNCP 5.0.0, comparativ cu <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=48756\">\u0219tirea anterioar\u0103<\/a><\/noindex> (versiunea 3.3), se pot men\u021biona:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Licen\u021ba proiectului a fost modificat\u0103 din GPLv3+ \u00een GPLv3-only, din cauza ne\u00eencrederii \u00een <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fsf.org\/\">Funda\u021bia OSS<\/a><\/noindex> dup\u0103 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/ar.shtml?num=51498\">ie\u0219irea<\/a><\/noindex> a lui Richard Stallman din ea;\n<li class=\"l\"> Se utilizeaz\u0103 un adev\u0103rat <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AEAD-%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%84%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F\">AEAD<\/a><\/noindex> criptarea ChaCha20-Poly135 \u00een blocuri de 128 KiB. Acest lucru permite autentificarea imediat\u0103 a datelor \u00een pachetele criptate, \u00een loc s\u0103 se genereze o eroare la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul citirii \u00eentregului text criptat;\n<li class=\"l\"> Formatul fi\u0219ierului de configurare s-a schimbat \u00een <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/yaml.org\/\">YAML<\/a><\/noindex> pe <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/hjson.org\/\">Hjson<\/a><\/noindex>. Biblioteca acestuia este semnificativ mai simpl\u0103 \u0219i mai mic\u0103 ca dimensiune, oferind un confort similar \u00een manipularea configura\u021biei;\n<li class=\"l\"> Algoritmul de compresie zlib a fost \u00eenlocuit cu <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zstandard\">Zstandard<\/a><\/noindex>: o cre\u0219tere semnificativ\u0103 a vitezei de compresie cu o eficien\u021b\u0103 considerabil mai mare;\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nncpgo.org\/nncp_002dcall.html\">nncp-call<\/a><\/noindex> a primit op\u021biunea de a vizualiza pachetele existente (-list) pe partea de remote, f\u0103r\u0103 a le desc\u0103rca. De asemenea, a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 posibilitatea de desc\u0103rcare selectiv\u0103 a pachetelor (-pkts);\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nncpgo.org\/nncp_002ddaemon.html\">nncp-daemon<\/a><\/noindex> a primit op\u021biunea -inetd, permi\u021b\u00e2ndu-i s\u0103 ruleze sub <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Inetd\">inetd<\/a><\/noindex> sau, de exemplu, prin SSH;\n<li class=\"l\"> Conexiunile online pot fi realizate nu doar direct prin TCP, ci \u0219i apel\u00e2nd comenzi externe \u0219i comunic\u00e2nd prin stdin\/stdout. De exemplu: nncp-call gw.stargrave.org \"|ssh gw.stargrave.org nncp-daemon -inetd\";<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Prietenia comenzilor cu umask (utiliz\u00e2nd permisiuni extinse de tip 666\/777) \u0219i posibilitatea de a seta umask global prin <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nncpgo.org\/Configuration.html\">de configurare<\/a><\/noindex>, simplific\u00e2nd utilizarea <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nncpgo.org\/Shared-spool.html\">unui director general de spool<\/a><\/noindex> \u00eentre mai mul\u021bi utilizatori;\n<li class=\"l\"> Utilizarea complet\u0103 a sistemului <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/golang\/go\/wiki\/Modules\">modulelor Go<\/a><\/noindex>.\n<\/ul>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Sursa: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51868\">opennet.ro<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 Node-to-Node copy (NNCP), \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432, \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435 store-and-forward. \u041f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 POSIX-\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445. \u0423\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 Go \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0435\u0439 GPLv3. \u0423\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044b \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0433\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 friend-to-friend \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439 (\u0434\u044e\u0436\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0443\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0432) \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-52759","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" 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