{"id":53965,"date":"2019-12-14T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-12-13T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/kak-soblyusti-trebovaniya-152-fz-zashhitit-personalnye-dannye-svoih-klientov-i-ne-nastupit-na-nashi-grabli"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:01:54","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:01:54","slug":"kak-soblyusti-trebovaniya-152-fz-zashhitit-personalnye-dannye-svoih-klientov-i-ne-nastupit-na-nashi-grabli","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/administrirovanie\/kak-soblyusti-trebovaniya-152-fz-zashhitit-personalnye-dannye-svoih-klientov-i-ne-nastupit-na-nashi-grabli","title":{"rendered":"Cum s\u0103 respect\u0103m cerin\u021bele Legii 152-FZ, s\u0103 protej\u0103m datele personale ale clien\u021bilor no\u0219tri \u0219i s\u0103 evit\u0103m gre\u0219elile precedente \u00a0","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Cum s\u0103 respect\u0103m cerin\u021bele Legii 152-FZ, s\u0103 protej\u0103m datele personale ale clien\u021bilor no\u0219tri \u0219i s\u0103 evit\u0103m gre\u0219elile precedente &nbsp;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/66af75ddaa497ecc0d143bc34fd43d49.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nConform legilor din Rusia, orice companie care lucreaz\u0103 cu datele personale ale utilizatorilor s\u0103i \u00een Rusia devine operator de date cu caracter personal, indiferent dac\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i dore\u0219te sau nu. Aceasta impune o serie de obliga\u021bii formale \u0219i procedurale, pe care nu fiecare afacere le poate sau le dore\u0219te s\u0103 le \u00eendeplineasc\u0103 pe cont propriu.<\/p>\n<p>A\u0219a cum arat\u0103 practica, este complet corect s\u0103 nu dore\u0219ti, pentru c\u0103 acest domeniu de cuno\u0219tin\u021be este at\u00e2t de nou \u0219i neexperimentat, \u00eenc\u00e2t dificult\u0103\u021bi \u0219i \u00eentreb\u0103ri apar chiar \u0219i la profesioni\u0219ti. Ast\u0103zi, vom vorbi despre cum am realizat un proiect pentru stocarea datelor personale pentru clientul nostru \u0219i cu ce dificult\u0103\u021bi nea\u0219teptate ne-am confruntat.<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h2>Cum am ajutat la protejarea datelor conform legii 152-FZ<\/h2>\n<p>\nLa \u00eenceputul anului 2019, ne-a contactat compania SRL \u201eSmart-Service\u201d, dezvoltator al unei platforme pentru gestionarea serviciilor de \u00eentre\u021binere <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/hubex.ru\/\">HubEx<\/a><\/noindex> \u0219i a unei aplica\u021bii pentru schimbul de contacte <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/myqrcards.com\/\">myQRcards<\/a><\/noindex>.<br \/>\n\u00a0<br \/>\nPrima solu\u021bie permite automatizarea procesului de \u00eentre\u021binere a echipamentelor \u00een diverse domenii \u2013 de la configurarea aparatelor de cafea \u0219i a air conditionerelor \u00een birouri p\u00e2n\u0103 la repararea turbinelor cu gaz. A doua \u2013 un constructor online pentru crearea de c\u0103r\u021bi de vizit\u0103 electronice pe baza codurilor QR.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Cum s\u0103 respect\u0103m cerin\u021bele Legii 152-FZ, s\u0103 protej\u0103m datele personale ale clien\u021bilor no\u0219tri \u0219i s\u0103 evit\u0103m gre\u0219elile precedente &nbsp;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/c776bd0d14f803b69404c0e4254c4706.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Carte de vizit\u0103 online myQRcards.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Ambele sisteme stocheaz\u0103 \u0219i proceseaz\u0103 datele utilizatorilor care intr\u0103 \u00een categoria \u201epersonale\u201d conform legii 152-FZ. \u00cen acest caz, legea impune o serie de restric\u021bii asupra sistemelor de stocare a acestor date personale pentru a asigura nivelul necesar de protec\u021bie \u0219i a exclude riscul accesului neautorizat \u00een scopul furtului sau utiliz\u0103rii necorespunz\u0103toare.<br \/>\n\u00a0<br \/>\nLegea trebuie respectat\u0103, dar \u201eSmart-Service\u201d nu inten\u021biona s\u0103 dezvolte competen\u021be interne \u00een protejarea datelor cu caracter personal. Prin urmare, serviciile \u0219i datele pe care le \u00eemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219eau utilizatorii lor au fost \u201emutate\u201d \u00een Linxdatacenter. \u201eSmart-Service\u201d a transferat capacit\u0103\u021bile serverului mediului de lucru \u00eentr-o zon\u0103 de re\u021bea protejat\u0103 separat\u0103 a centrului nostru de date, acreditat\u0103 conform cerin\u021belor stipulate \u00een legea 152-FZ \u2013 a\u0219a-numita \u201eCloud Protejat\u201d.<br \/>\n\u00a0<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<h4>CUM ESTE STRUCTURAT CLOUDUL PROTEJAT<\/h4>\n<p>\nOrice sistem informa\u021bional care proceseaz\u0103 date personale trebuie s\u0103 \u00eendeplineasc\u0103 trei cerin\u021be de baz\u0103:\u00a0<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Accesul la serverele de stocare \u0219i procesare a datelor trebuie s\u0103 se efectueze printr-un canal VPN cu criptare conform GOST;\n<\/li>\n<li>Serverele de stocare \u0219i procesare a datelor trebuie s\u0103 fie monitorizate constant cu protec\u021bie antivirus pentru a identifica vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bile;\n<\/li>\n<li>Sistemul de stocare a datelor trebuie s\u0103 fie amplasat \u00een re\u021bele izolate.\u00a0\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\nNoi plas\u0103m capacit\u0103\u021bile serverului clientului \u00een zone separate, care respect\u0103 cerin\u021bele legii 152-FZ, \u0219i ajut\u0103m la ob\u021binerea unei concluzii de conformitate.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Cum s\u0103 respect\u0103m cerin\u021bele Legii 152-FZ, s\u0103 protej\u0103m datele personale ale clien\u021bilor no\u0219tri \u0219i s\u0103 evit\u0103m gre\u0219elile precedente &nbsp;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/ddef8a32483da47cbd71e3c7cddeba35.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Arhitectura infrastructurii virtuale securizate pentru LLC \u201eSmart Service\u201d.<\/i><\/p>\n<h2>Stadiul lucr\u0103rilor<\/h2>\n<p>\nAprobat ini\u021bial, lucr\u0103rile au fost convenite \u00een iunie 2019, ceea ce poate fi considerat\u0103 data de \u00eenceput a proiectului. Toate lucr\u0103rile trebuie s\u0103 se desf\u0103\u0219oare \u00eentr-un mediu \u201elive\u201d cu mii de solicit\u0103ri pe zi. Este evident c\u0103 era necesar s\u0103 se finalizeze proiectul f\u0103r\u0103 a \u00eentrerupe modul normal de func\u021bionare al ambelor sisteme.<\/p>\n<p>Prin urmare, a fost elaborat \u0219i convenit un plan clar de ac\u021biune, \u00eemp\u0103r\u021bit \u00een 4 etape:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>preg\u0103tire,\n<\/li>\n<li>migrare,\n<\/li>\n<li>testare \u0219i verificare \u00een condi\u021bii reale,\n<\/li>\n<li>includerea sistemelor de monitorizare \u0219i restric\u021bionarea accesului.\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nPentru orice eventualitate, am prev\u0103zut o procedur\u0103 de recuperare \u00een cazul unei situa\u021bii neprev\u0103zute (DRP). Conform planului ini\u021bial, lucr\u0103rile nu au durat mult timp \u0219i resurse \u0219i ar trebui s\u0103 se finalizate \u00een iulie 2019. Fiecare dintre etape prevedea la final testarea complet\u0103 a accesibilit\u0103\u021bii re\u021belei \u0219i func\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bii sistemelor.<\/p>\n<p>Cea mai dificil\u0103 etap\u0103, \u00een care ceva \u201ear putea s\u0103 nu mearg\u0103 bine\u201d, a fost migrarea. Ini\u021bial, am planificat s\u0103 realiz\u0103m migrarea prin transferul \u00eentregului sistem virtual. Acesta era cea mai logic\u0103 op\u021biune, deoarece nu necesita implicarea de resurse suplimentare pentru reconfigurare. Se p\u0103rea c\u0103 nu poate fi mai simplu dec\u00e2t vMotion.<br \/>\n\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2>Surprinz\u0103tor<\/h2>\n<p>\nCu toate acestea, a\u0219a cum se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 de obicei \u00een proiectele dintr-un domeniu relativ nou, s-a \u00eent\u00e2mplat ceea ce nu ne a\u0219teptam.<\/p>\n<p>Deoarece fiecare ma\u0219in\u0103 virtual\u0103 ocup\u0103 \u00eentre 500 \u0219i 1 000 GB, copierea unor astfel de volume chiar \u0219i \u00een cadrul unui singur centru de date a durat aproximativ 3-4 ore pentru fiecare ma\u0219in\u0103. Ca rezultat, nu ne-am \u00eencadra \u00een fereastra de timp alocat\u0103. Acest lucru s-a \u00eent\u00e2mplat din cauza restric\u021biilor fizice ale subsistemului de stocare \u00een timpul transferului de date \u00een vCloud.<\/p>\n<p>Un bug al versiunii utilizate a vCloud a \u00eempiedicat organizarea Storage vMotion pentru o ma\u0219in\u0103 virtual\u0103 cu tipuri diferite de discuri, a\u0219a c\u0103 discurile au fost necesare a fi schimbate. Ca rezultat, ma\u0219inile virtuale au fost transferate, dar a durat mai mult dec\u00e2t era planificat.\u00a0<br \/>\n\u00a0<br \/>\nUn alt aspect pe care nu l-am prev\u0103zut au fost restric\u021biile privind mutarea clusterului de baze de date (Failover Cluster MS SQLServer). Drept urmare, a fost necesar s\u0103 mut\u0103m clusterul \u00een modul de lucru cu un singur nod \u0219i s\u0103-l l\u0103s\u0103m \u00een afara zonei protejate.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Este remarcabil faptul c\u0103, dintr-o cauz\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103 neclar\u0103, \u00een urma transferului ma\u0219inilor virtuale, clusterul aplica\u021biilor s-a dezmembrat \u0219i a trebuit s\u0103 fie reconstruit.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen urma primei \u00eencerc\u0103ri, am ob\u021binut o stare nesatisf\u0103c\u0103toare a sistemelor \u0219i a fost necesar s\u0103 ne re\u00eentoarcem la planificare \u0219i elaborarea op\u021biunilor.<br \/>\n\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2>\u00cencercarea nr. 2<\/h2>\n<p>\nDup\u0103 analiza gre\u0219elilor, echipa a realizat c\u0103 ar fi mai bine s\u0103 dubl\u0103m infrastructura \u00een zona protejat\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 copiem doar fi\u0219ierele cu date. S-a decis s\u0103 nu cerem clientului o plat\u0103 suplimentar\u0103 pentru capacit\u0103\u021bile serverului care au trebuit s\u0103 fie desf\u0103\u0219urate pentru a finaliza migrarea.<\/p>\n<p>Ca rezultat, c\u00e2nd cluster-ele din zona protejat\u0103 au fost complet duplicate, migrarea s-a desf\u0103\u0219urat f\u0103r\u0103 probleme.<\/p>\n<p>Apoi a fost necesar doar s\u0103 separ\u0103m re\u021belele din zona protejat\u0103 \u0219i cea neprotejat\u0103. Aici s-a manifestat doar c\u00e2teva sincope neimportante \u00een func\u021bionare. Faza de testare a \u00eentregului sistem \u00een zona protejat\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 nicio protec\u021bie a fost ini\u021biat\u0103 \u00een mod normal. Dup\u0103 ce am ob\u021binut statistici pozitive ale func\u021bion\u0103rii sistemului \u00een acest mod, am trecut la ultima etap\u0103: activarea sistemelor de protec\u021bie \u0219i limitarea accesului.<br \/>\n\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2>Un rezultat pozitiv \u0219i o lec\u021bie util\u0103<\/h2>\n<p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Cum s\u0103 respect\u0103m cerin\u021bele Legii 152-FZ, s\u0103 protej\u0103m datele personale ale clien\u021bilor no\u0219tri \u0219i s\u0103 evit\u0103m gre\u0219elile precedente &nbsp;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/eb0fdc96cb6f6e4df31b7930a54aa387.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n\u00a0<br \/>\n\u00cen cele din urm\u0103, \u00eempreun\u0103 cu clientul, am reu\u0219it s\u0103 aducem modific\u0103ri semnificative \u00een infrastructura serverului existent, ceea ce a permis \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea fiabilit\u0103\u021bii \u0219i a securit\u0103\u021bii stoc\u0103rii datelor personale, reduc\u00e2nd semnificativ riscurile accesului neautorizat la acestea, \u0219i a ob\u021binut un certificat de conformitate cu cerin\u021bele de stocare \u2014 o realizare pe care nu to\u021bi dezvoltatorii de software similar au reu\u0219it s\u0103 o ating\u0103.<br \/>\n\u00a0<br \/>\nRezultatul final al muncii proiectului ar\u0103ta astfel:<br \/>\n\u00a0<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>A fost organizat\u0103 o subre\u021bea dedicat\u0103;<\/li>\n<li>\u00cen total, au fost migrate dou\u0103 clustere compuse din cinci ma\u0219ini virtuale: cluster de failover pentru baze de date (dou\u0103 ma\u0219ini virtuale), cluster Service Fabric pentru aplica\u021bii (trei ma\u0219ini virtuale);<\/li>\n<li>Au fost efectuate set\u0103rile sistemelor de protec\u021bie \u0219i criptare a datelor.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\nPare s\u0103 fie totul clar \u0219i logic. \u00cen practic\u0103, \u00eens\u0103, se dovede\u0219te a fi pu\u021bin mai complicat. Ne-am convins \u00eenc\u0103 o dat\u0103 c\u0103, \u00een lucru cu fiecare sarcin\u0103 de acest tip, este necesar un nivel extrem de ridicat de aten\u021bie la \u201edetalii\u201d, care se dovedesc a fi de fapt factori determinan\u021bi pentru succesul \u00eentregului proiect.\u00a0<br \/>\n<br \/>Sursa: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/linxdatacenter\/blog\/480086\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043c \u043b\u044e\u0431\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0441 \u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 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\u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u2013 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-53965","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/administrirovanie\/kak-soblyusti-trebovaniya-152-fz-zashhitit-personalnye-dannye-svoih-klientov-i-ne-nastupit-na-nashi-grabli\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.2.1\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ProHoster | 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