{"id":54186,"date":"2019-12-20T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-12-19T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/test-kommutatorov-tp-link-c-long-range-poe-i-nemnogo-pro-apgrejdy-staryh-modelej"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:02:10","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:02:10","slug":"test-kommutatorov-tp-link-c-long-range-poe-i-nemnogo-pro-apgrejdy-staryh-modelej","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/administrirovanie\/test-kommutatorov-tp-link-c-long-range-poe-i-nemnogo-pro-apgrejdy-staryh-modelej","title":{"rendered":"Testul comutatoarelor TP-Link cu Long range PoE. \u0218i pu\u021bin despre upgrade-urile modelelor mai vechi","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Anterior, \u00een switch-urile noastre, am dezvoltat tehnologia Power over Ethernet doar \u00een direc\u021bia cre\u0219terii puterii transmise. \u00cens\u0103, \u00een procesul de utilizare a solu\u021biilor cu PoE \u0219i PoE+, a devenit evident c\u0103 acest lucru nu este suficient. Clien\u021bii no\u0219tri se confrunt\u0103 nu doar cu lipsa bugetului energetic, ci \u0219i cu limita standard a re\u021belelor Ethernet \u2013 distan\u021ba de transmisie de 100 m. \u00cen acest articol, vom vorbi despre cum am dep\u0103\u0219it aceast\u0103 limitare \u0219i vom testa long range PoE \u00een practic\u0103.<\/p>\n

\"Testul
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

De ce este necesar\u0103 tehnologia PoE long range<\/h2>\n

\nDistan\u021ba de o sut\u0103 de metri este mult. Mai ales c\u0103, \u00een realitate, cablul nu este niciodat\u0103 \u00eentins pe o linie dreapt\u0103: trebuie s\u0103 ocole\u0219ti toate col\u021burile cl\u0103dirii, s\u0103 urci sau s\u0103 cobori dintr-un canal de cabluri \u00een altul \u0219i a\u0219a mai departe. Chiar \u0219i \u00een cl\u0103diri de dimensiuni medii, limita lungimii segmentului Ethernet poate deveni o durere de cap pentru administrator.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Am decis s\u0103 demonstr\u0103m \u00een mod vizibil, prin exemplul unei cl\u0103diri \u0219colare, care dispozitive pot primi energie prin PoE \u0219i se pot conecta la re\u021bea (stele verzi), \u0219i care nu pot (stele ro\u0219ii). Dac\u0103 echipamentul de re\u021bea nu poate fi instalat \u00eentre cl\u0103diri, atunci \u00een punctele extreme dispozitivele nu se vor putea conecta:<\/p>\n

\"Testul
\n
\nPentru a dep\u0103\u0219i limita de distan\u021b\u0103, se utilizeaz\u0103 tehnologia Long Range PoE: aceasta permite extinderea zonei de acoperire a re\u021belei cablate \u0219i conectarea utilizatorilor afla\u021bi la distan\u021be de p\u00e2n\u0103 la 250 de metri. Atunci c\u00e2nd se utilizeaz\u0103 Long Range PoE, transmisia de date \u0219i energie se face \u00een dou\u0103 moduri:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Dac\u0103 viteza interfe\u021bei este de 10 Mbps (Ethernet obi\u0219nuit), atunci pe segmentele cu lungimea de p\u00e2n\u0103 la 250 de metri este posibil\u0103 transmiterea simultan\u0103 at\u00e2t a energiei, c\u00e2t \u0219i a datelor.\n<\/li>\n
  2. Dac\u0103 \u00eens\u0103 viteza interfe\u021bei este setat\u0103 la 100 Mbps (pentru modelele TL-SL1218MP \u0219i TL-SG1218MPE) sau 1 Gbps (pentru modelul TL-SG1218MPE), atunci nu va avea loc transmiterea datelor \u2013 doar transmiterea energiei. \u00cen acest caz, va fi necesar un alt mod de a transmite date, de exemplu, o linie optic\u0103 instalat\u0103 paralel. Long Range PoE va fi utilizat \u00een acest caz doar pentru alimentare la distan\u021b\u0103.\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \nAstfel, utiliz\u00e2nd Long Range PoE pe teritoriul acelea\u0219i \u0219coli, echipamentul de re\u021bea care suport\u0103 viteza de 10 Mbps poate fi plasat \u00een orice punct.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\"Testul
    \n<\/p>\n

    Ce pot face switch-urile care suport\u0103 Long Range PoE<\/h2>\n

    \nFunc\u021bia Long Range PoE este disponibil\u0103 la dou\u0103 switch-uri din gama TP-Link: TL-SG1218MPE<\/a><\/noindex> \u0219i TL-SL1218MP<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

    TL-SL1218MP apar\u021bine switch-urilor neadministrate. Acesta are 16 porturi, iar bugetul total PoE este de 192 W, ceea ce permite alimentarea cu o putere de p\u00e2n\u0103 la 30 W pe port. Dac\u0103 nu exist\u0103 dep\u0103\u0219iri ale bugetului de energie, toate cele 16 porturi Fast Ethernet pot primi alimentare.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

    \"Testul
    \n
    \nConfigurarea se face prin intermediul comutatoarelor de pe panoul frontal: unul activeaz\u0103 modul Long Range PoE, iar cel\u0103lalt ajusteaz\u0103 prioritatea porturilor la distribuirea bugetului de energie al switch-ului.\u00a0<\/p>\n

    TL-SG1218MPE apar\u021bine switch-urilor Easy Smart. Dispozitivul poate fi gestionat prin intermediul interfe\u021bei web sau al utilitarelor specializate.\u00a0<\/p>\n

    \"Testul
    \n
    \n\u00cen sec\u021biunea interfe\u021bei System, administratorii au acces la opera\u021biuni de rutin\u0103 standard: schimbarea numelui de utilizator \u0219i a parolei pentru contul de administrator, configurarea adresei IP a modulului de control, actualizarea firmware-ului \u0219i a\u0219a mai departe.<\/p>\n

    \"Testul
    \n
    \nModurile de operare ale porturilor sunt setate \u00een sec\u021biunea Switching \u2192 Port Setting. Prin intermediul celorlalte tab-uri ale sec\u021biunii se pot activa\/dezactiva IGMP \u0219i se pot combina interfe\u021bele fizice \u00een grupuri.<\/p>\n

    \"Testul
    \n
    \n\u00cen sec\u021biunea Monitoring sunt prezentate statistici despre activitatea porturilor switch-ului. De asemenea, aici se poate face mirror-ing de trafic, activa sau dezactiva protec\u021bia \u00eempotriva buclelor \u0219i rula testul de cablu \u00eencorporat.<\/p>\n

    \"Testul
    \n
    \nSwitch-ul TL-SG1218MPE suport\u0103 mai multe moduri de operare cu re\u021bele virtuale: etichetare 802.1q, VLAN pe baz\u0103 de port, precum \u0219i MTU VLAN. C\u00e2nd se lucreaz\u0103 \u00een modul MTU VLAN, switch-ul permite doar schimbul de trafic \u00eentre porturile utilizatorilor \u0219i interfa\u021ba uplink, adic\u0103 schimbul de trafic \u00eentre porturile utilizatorilor este interzis direct. Aceast\u0103 tehnologie se mai nume\u0219te VLAN asimetric sau VLAN privat. Se folose\u0219te pentru a cre\u0219te securitatea re\u021belei, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t, \u00een cazul unei conexiuni fizice la switch, un atacator s\u0103 nu aib\u0103 posibilitatea de a prelua controlul asupra echipamentului.<\/p>\n

    \"Testul
    \n
    \n\u00cen sec\u021biunea QoS se poate seta prioritatea interfe\u021bei, configura limitarea vitezei traficului utilizatorilor, precum \u0219i combate furtunile.<\/p>\n

    \"Testul
    \n
    \n\u00cen sec\u021biunea PoE Config, administratorul poate limita for\u021bat puterea maxim\u0103 disponibil\u0103 fiec\u0103rui consumator, seta prioritatea energetic\u0103 a interfe\u021bei, conecta sau deconecta consumatorul.<\/p>\n

    Test\u0103m Long Range<\/h2>\n

    \n\"Testul
    \n
    \n\u00cen modelul TL-SL1218MP, am inclus suport Long Range pentru primele opt porturi. Telefonul nostru IP testat a func\u021bionat cu succes. Prin set\u0103rile telefonului, am descoperit c\u0103 viteza negociat\u0103 este de 10 Mbps. Apoi, am dezactivat comutatorul Long Range PoE \u0219i am verificat ce se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 cu telefonul testat dup\u0103 aceasta. Dispozitivul s-a pornit cu succes \u0219i a anun\u021bat utilizarea modului de 100 Mbps pe interfa\u021ba sa de re\u021bea, \u00eens\u0103 datele prin canal nu erau transmise \u0219i telefonul nu s-a \u00eenregistrat pe sta\u021bie. Astfel, alimentarea consumatorilor conecta\u021bi prin canale Ethernet lungi este posibil\u0103 \u0219i f\u0103r\u0103 activarea modului Long Range PoE, dar \u00een acest caz, prin canal va fi transmis doar alimentarea, nu \u0219i datele.<\/p>\n

    \u00cen modul standard de alimentare prin Ethernet (c\u00e2nd lungimea segmentului nu dep\u0103\u0219e\u0219te 100 metri), transmiterea de energie \u0219i date se realizeaz\u0103 la viteze de p\u00e2n\u0103 la 1 Gbps inclusiv. Verificarea func\u021bion\u0103rii telefonului, alimentat prin PoE \u0219i conectat cu un cablu de lungime maxim\u0103, a fost de succes.<\/p>\n

    \"Testul
    \n
    \nPe comutatorul TL-SG1218MPE, am setat portul \u00een modul 10 Mbps Half Duplex - dispozitivul s-a conectat cu succes.<\/p>\n

    \"Testul
    \n
    \nDesigur, am dorit s\u0103 \u0219tim c\u00e2t\u0103 energie consum\u0103 telefonul cu o astfel de conexiune, \u0219i am aflat c\u0103 consumul este de doar 1,6 W.<\/p>\n

    C:>ping -t 192.168.1.10\nPinging 192.168.1.10 with 32 bytes of data:\nReply from 192.168.1.10: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64\nReply from 192.168.1.10: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64\nReply from 192.168.1.10: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64\nReply from 192.168.1.10: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64\nReply from 192.168.1.10: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64\nReply from 192.168.1.10: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64\nReply from 192.168.1.10: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64\nReply from 192.168.1.10: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64\nReply from 192.168.1.10: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64\nRequest timed out.\nRequest timed out.\nRequest timed out.\nRequest timed out.\nRequest timed out.\nRequest timed out.\nRequest timed out.\nPing statistics for 192.168.1.10:\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Packets: Sent = 16, Received = 9, Lost = 7 (43% loss),\nApproximate round trip times in milli-seconds:\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms\nControl-C\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \nDar dac\u0103 se schimb\u0103 configura\u021bia interfe\u021bei comutatorului \u00een modul de func\u021bionare 100 Mbps Half Duplex sau 100 Mbps Full Duplex, conexiunea cu telefonul se pierde imediat \u0219i nu se restabile\u0219te.<\/p>\n
    \"Testul
    \n
    \nInterfa\u021ba \u00eens\u0103\u0219i se afl\u0103 \u00een starea Link Down.<\/p>\n
    \"Testul
    \n
    \nAproape acela\u0219i lucru se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 dac\u0103 interfa\u021ba este setat\u0103 \u00een mod de negociere automat\u0103 a vitezei \u0219i duplexului. Prin urmare, singura modalitate de a utiliza segmente Ethernet at\u00e2t de lungi este setarea manual\u0103 a vitezei de conexiune la 10 Mbps.<\/p>\n
    \"Testul
    \n
    \nDin p\u0103cate, segmentele de cablu at\u00e2t de lungi nu sunt detectate de testerul de cabluri \u00eencorporat.<\/p>\n
    Actualizarea altor switch-uri cu PoE<\/h2>\n
    \nOdat\u0103 cu cre\u0219terea constant\u0103 a num\u0103rului de dispozitive alimentate prin PoE, am actualizat sursele de alimentare pentru modelele vechi. Acum, \u00een loc de surse de alimentare de 110 W \u0219i 192 W, toate modelele vor avea surse de 150 W \u0219i 250 W. Toate aceste modific\u0103ri pot fi vizualizate \u00een tabel:<\/p>\n
    \"Testul
    \n
    \nPe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce tehnologia PoE a \u00eenceput s\u0103 p\u0103trund\u0103 pe pia\u021ba de consum, o alt\u0103 modificare \u00een gama de produse a fost apari\u021bia switch-urilor, destinate birourilor mici \u0219i utiliz\u0103rii casnice.<\/p>\n
    \u00cen gama de switch-uri Fast Ethernet neadministrate, \u00een 2019 au ap\u0103rut modelul TL-SF1005P<\/a><\/noindex> \u0219i TL-SF1008P<\/a><\/noindex> , cu 5 \u0219i 8 porturi. Bugetul de energie al modelelor este de 58 W \u0219i poate fi distribuit \u00eentre patru interfe\u021be (p\u00e2n\u0103 la 15,4 W pe port). Switch-urile nu au ventilatoare, pot fi amplasate direct \u00een birouri \u0219i camere de lucru, apartamente \u0219i utilizate pentru a conecta orice camere IP \u0219i telefoane IP. Switch-urile pot distribui prioritar energia: \u00een condi\u021bii de supra\u00eenc\u0103rcare, se deconecteaz\u0103 dispozitivele cu prioritate sc\u0103zut\u0103.<\/p>\n
    Modelele TL-SG1005P<\/a><\/noindex> \u0219i TL-SG1008P<\/a><\/noindex>, la fel ca modelele SF, sunt destinate instal\u0103rii pe birou, \u00eens\u0103 au un switch gigabit integrat, ceea ce permite conectarea echipamentelor de terminare de mare vitez\u0103 care suport\u0103 802.3af.\u00a0<\/p>\n
    Switch-ul TL-SG1008MP<\/a><\/noindex> poate fi amplasat at\u00e2t pe birou, c\u00e2t \u0219i \u00een rack. Acest model are opt porturi Gigabit Ethernet, la fiecare dintre acestea put\u00e2nd fi conectat un consumator care suport\u0103 IEEE 802.3af\/at \u0219i o putere de p\u00e2n\u0103 la 30 W. Bugetul total de energie al dispozitivului este de 126 W. O caracteristic\u0103 a switch-ului este suportul pentru modul de economisire a energiei, \u00een care switch-ul verific\u0103 periodic porturile sale, iar \u00een absen\u021ba unui dispozitiv conectat, \u00eentrerupe alimentarea. Acest lucru permite reducerea consumului de energie cu 75%.\u00a0<\/p>\n
    Pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 TL-SG1218PE, \u00een gama de switch-uri gestionate TP-Link se afl\u0103 modelele TL-SG108PE <\/a><\/noindex>\u0219i TL-SG1016PE<\/a><\/noindex>. Acestea au acela\u0219i buget total de energie al dispozitivului \u2014 55 W. Acest buget poate fi redistribuit \u00eentre patru porturi cu putere de ie\u0219ire de p\u00e2n\u0103 la 15,4 W pe port. Aceste switch-uri au acela\u0219i firmware ca TL-SG1218PE, prin urmare, func\u021biile sunt acelea\u0219i: monitorizarea re\u021belei, prioritizarea traficului, QoS, MTU VLAN.<\/p>\n
    O descriere complet\u0103 a gamei de dispozitive PoE TP-Link este disponibil\u0103 la linkul<\/a><\/noindex><\/i>.<\/i>
    \n
    Sursa:     habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    \u0420\u0430\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u043c\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044e Power over Ethernet \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u041d\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0443\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441 PoE \u0438 PoE+ \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e. \u041d\u0430\u0448\u0438 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441 \u043d\u0435\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u044e\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c Ethernet-\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u2014 \u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 100 \u043c.\u00a0 \u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 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