{"id":54550,"date":"2019-12-29T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-12-28T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/masshtabnoe-naznachenie-prav-na-polzovatelej-domenov-iz-raznyh-lesov"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:02:34","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:02:34","slug":"masshtabnoe-naznachenie-prav-na-polzovatelej-domenov-iz-raznyh-lesov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/administrirovanie\/masshtabnoe-naznachenie-prav-na-polzovatelej-domenov-iz-raznyh-lesov","title":{"rendered":"Atribuirea extins\u0103 a drepturilor pentru utilizatorii domeniilor din p\u0103duri diferite","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Se pare c\u0103 am o karm\u0103 de acest gen: s\u0103 realizez sarcini standard \u00een moduri neobi\u0219nuite. Dac\u0103 cineva are o alt\u0103 viziune asupra problemei \u2014 v\u0103 rog s\u0103 participa\u021bi la discu\u021bie pentru a dezbate subiectul.<\/p>\n<p>\u00centr-o diminea\u021ba frumoas\u0103, a ap\u0103rut o sarcin\u0103 interesant\u0103: de a distribui drepturi grupurilor de utilizatori pentru diferite share-uri, care con\u021bin subfoldere ale proiectelor cu foldere de documente. Totul mergea bine \u0219i am scris un script care atribuia drepturile asupra folderelor. Apoi s-a descoperit c\u0103 grupurile trebuiau s\u0103 con\u021bin\u0103 utilizatori din domenii diferite, din p\u0103duri diferite (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%98%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2_Active_Directory\">pentru cei care au uitat ce este aceasta<\/a><\/noindex>). S\u0103 presupunem c\u0103 share-ul \u00een sine este g\u0103zduit pe un suport Synology, \u00eenregistrat \u00een domeniul FB, p\u0103durea PSI. Sarcina: a permite utilizatorilor <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/domain\/\"   title=\"domenii\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3150\">domenii<\/a> din alt\u0103 p\u0103dure s\u0103 acceseze con\u021binutul acestui share, \u0219i anume, foarte selective.<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nCerin\u021bele au \u00eenceput s\u0103 contureze astfel:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>2 p\u0103duri: P\u0103durea PSI, p\u0103durea TG.\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Atribuirea extins\u0103 a drepturilor pentru utilizatorii domeniilor din p\u0103duri diferite\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/93e3095a3ea613299c89b81379ea2731.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/li>\n<li>\u00cen fiecare p\u0103dure exist\u0103 3 domenii: PSI (ZG, PSI, FB); TG (TG, HU, KC).<\/li>\n<li>\u00centre p\u0103duri exist\u0103 rela\u021bii de \u00eencredere, Synology vede toate grupurile de securitate din toate p\u0103durile.<\/li>\n<li>Pe share-uri \u0219i foldere\/subfoldere trebuie s\u0103 existe neap\u0103rat conturi de admini din domeniul FB cu drepturi de FullControl<\/li>\n<li>Numele folderelor share trebuie s\u0103 fie sistematizate. Aprobat de conducere, am decis s\u0103 leg numele grupurilor de securitate de ID-urile proiectelor.<\/li>\n<li>Folderele proiectelor din share-urile sistemice trebuie s\u0103 con\u021bin\u0103 o structur\u0103 preg\u0103tit\u0103 anterior \u00een fi\u0219ierul .xlsx, cu privilegii corespunz\u0103toare de acces (R\/RW\/NA, unde NA \u2013 accesul nu exist\u0103)\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Atribuirea extins\u0103 a drepturilor pentru utilizatorii domeniilor din p\u0103duri diferite\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/b2b544cd9dfc784caeb23564a9e8e1b7.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Trebuie s\u0103 existe posibilitatea de a restric\u021biona drepturile utilizatorilor\/membrilor unui proiect doar la anumite directoare ale acelui proiect. La alte directoare\/proiecte, utilizatorul poate s\u0103 nu aib\u0103 acces, conform apartenen\u021bei la grupuri.<\/li>\n<li>La crearea folderului proiectului, grupurile corespunz\u0103toare din domeniile relevante trebuie s\u0103 fie create c\u00e2t mai automatizat, cu nume care corespund ID-urilor proiectelor.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h4>Note referitoare la cerin\u021bele tehnice<\/h4>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Configurarea rela\u021biilor de \u00eencredere nu este inclus\u0103 \u00een cerin\u021bele tehnice<\/li>\n<li>ID-ul proiectului con\u021bine cifre \u0219i litere latine<\/li>\n<li>Rolurile utilizatorilor proiectelor pentru toate domeniile au denumiri standardizate<\/li>\n<li>Fi\u0219ierul .xlsx cu foldere \u0219i drepturi de acces (matricea de acces) este preg\u0103tit \u00eenainte de \u00eenceperea implement\u0103rii \u00eentregului proiect<\/li>\n<li>\u00cen implementarea proiectelor, este posibil\u0103 crearea de grupuri de utilizatori \u00een domeniile corespunz\u0103toare.<\/li>\n<li>Automatizarea se realizeaz\u0103 prin utilizarea resurselor standard de administrare MS Windows.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h4>Implementarea specifica\u021biei tehnice.<\/h4>\n<p>\nDup\u0103 formalizarea acestor cerin\u021be, a fost luat\u0103 o pauz\u0103 tactic\u0103 pentru a testa metodele de creare a directoarelor \u0219i de atribuire a drepturilor asupra acestora. Se dorea utilizarea exclusiv\u0103 a PowerShell pentru a nu complica proiectul. A\u0219a cum am men\u021bionat anterior, algoritmul scriptului era considerat destul de simplu: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00eenregistr\u0103m grupuri cu denumiri derivate din ID-ul proiectului (de exemplu KC40587) \u0219i rolurile corespunz\u0103toare, specificate \u00een matricea de acces: KC40587-EN- pentru inginer; KC40587-PM \u2013 pentru managerul de produs etc.<\/li>\n<li>ob\u021binem SID-urile grupurilor create.<\/li>\n<li>\u00eenregistr\u0103m folderul proiectului \u0219i setul corespunz\u0103tor de directoare (lista subdirectoarelor depinde de share-ul \u00een care este creat \u0219i este definit\u0103 \u00een matricea de acces).<\/li>\n<li>atribuim noi subdirectoare proiectului drepturi grupurilor conform matricei de acces.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nDificult\u0103\u021bile \u00eent\u00e2mpinate \u00een prima etap\u0103: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ne\u00een\u021belegerea modului de a specifica matricea de acces \u00een script (acum este implementat un array multidimensional, dar se caut\u0103 o cale pentru completarea acestuia pe baza con\u021binutului fi\u0219ierului .xlsx\/matricea de acces).\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Atribuirea extins\u0103 a drepturilor pentru utilizatorii domeniilor din p\u0103duri diferite\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/e5f37b97998a603b85276093ed053347.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/li>\n<li>imposibilitatea de a stabili drepturile de acces \u00een share-urile SMB pe unit\u0103\u021bile Synology prin mijloace PoSH (https:\/\/social.technet.microsoft.com\/Forums\/en-US\/3f1a949f-0919-46f1-9e10-89256cf07e65\/error-using-setacl-on-nas-share?forum=winserverpowershell), din cauza c\u0103reia s-a pierdut mult timp \u0219i a fost necesar\u0103 adaptarea totul la scripturi folosind utilitarul de editare a drepturilor icacls, ceea ce a necesitat crearea unui depozit intermediar de fi\u0219iere text \u0219i cmd. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n\u00cen modul curent, execu\u021bia fi\u0219ierelor cmd este controlat\u0103 manual, \u00een func\u021bie de necesitatea \u00eenregistr\u0103rii folderului pentru proiect.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Atribuirea extins\u0103 a drepturilor pentru utilizatorii domeniilor din p\u0103duri diferite\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/0ef37fca03aa7005269494a474bab857.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nDe asemenea, s-a constatat c\u0103 scriptul trebuie s\u0103 fie executat, inclusiv pentru \u00eenregistrarea grupurilor \u00een alte p\u0103duri (am folosit termenul Cross-domains), iar rela\u021bia poate fi nu doar 1 la 1, ci \u0219i 1 la mul\u021bi. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Atribuirea extins\u0103 a drepturilor pentru utilizatorii domeniilor din p\u0103duri diferite\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/14dbad219db9420c446e18695e436e5f.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nAceasta \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 grupurile din domenii \u00eencruci\u0219ate pot revendica acum accesul la resursele unui anumit domeniu, inclusiv dintr-o p\u0103dure vecin\u0103. Pentru a realiza uniformitatea, s-a decis crearea unei structuri simetrice \u00een OU pentru toate domeniile gestionate din toate p\u0103durile (ovale verticale negre). A\u0219a cum se spune, armata trebuie s\u0103 fie totul dezordonat, dar uniform:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Atribuirea extins\u0103 a drepturilor pentru utilizatorii domeniilor din p\u0103duri diferite\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/5f43af34428abca8e3ee21f6144595b3.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n <br \/>\nAstfel, la \u00eenregistrarea proiectului 80XXX \u00een domeniul TG, scriptul efectueaz\u0103: <\/p>\n<p>1. crearea OU corespunz\u0103toare (ovale orizontale ro\u0219ii) \u00een acest domeniu \u0219i \u00een domeniile \u00eencruci\u0219ate, adic\u0103 \u00een acele domenii la care angaja\u021bii trebuie s\u0103 aib\u0103 acces la acest resource.<\/p>\n<p>2. popularea OU cu grupuri cu denumiri de tipul &lt;SRC_domain&gt;&lt;DST_domain&gt;&lt;ID_project&gt;- , unde:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>SRC_domain \u2013 domeniul \u00eencruci\u0219at, angaja\u021bii c\u0103ruia vor avea acces la resursele domeniului DST<\/li>\n<li>DST_domain \u2013 domeniul c\u0103ruia, \u00een esen\u021b\u0103, ar trebui s\u0103 i se ofere acces, adic\u0103 de aceea a fost \u00eenceput totul <\/li>\n<li>&lt;ID_project&gt; \u2014 num\u0103rul proiectului<\/li>\n<li>ROLES \u2013 denumirile rolurilor enumerate \u00een matricea de acces.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n3. citirea matricei SID a tuturor grupurilor din toate domeniile implicate \u0219i salvarea acesteia pentru transmiterea ulterioar\u0103 a datelor \u00eentr-un fi\u0219ier, care define\u0219te drepturile asupra unei subfoldere specifice a proiectului<\/p>\n<p>4. generarea fi\u0219ierelor surs\u0103 (parametrul \\\/restore) cu un set de permisiuni pentru utilizarea utilitarului icacKC \u00een modul de fi\u0219ier executabil \u201eicacKC \"as-nasNNKCProjects\" \\\/restore C:TempKCKC40XXKC40XX.txt\"<\/p>\n<p>5. crearea unui fi\u0219ier CMD, care s\u0103 unifice toate comenzile icacls utilizabile pentru toate folder-urile proiectului<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Atribuirea extins\u0103 a drepturilor pentru utilizatorii domeniilor din p\u0103duri diferite\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/6bb132cfc7568de52ea162fdecbf2a85.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nA\u0219a cum s-a men\u021bionat anterior, rularea fi\u0219ierului executabil se face manual, iar evaluarea rezultatelor execu\u021biei \u2013 de asemenea, se efectueaz\u0103 manual.<\/p>\n<p>Dificult\u0103\u021bile \u00eent\u00e2mpinate \u00een cele din urm\u0103: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>dac\u0103 folderul proiectului este deja umplut cu un num\u0103r mare de fi\u0219iere, atunci executarea comenzii icacls pe volumele existente poate dura un timp semnificativ \u0219i \u00een unele cazuri a dus la e\u0219ec (de exemplu, \u00een cazul \u00een care exist\u0103 c\u0103i lungi pentru fi\u0219iere);<\/li>\n<li>pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 parametrul \/restore a fost necesar s\u0103 se adauge linii cu parametrul \/reset \u00een cazul \u00een care folderele nu au fost create, ci au fost mutate din foldere existente anterior, cu drepturile de mo\u0219tenire dezactivate din r\u0103d\u0103cin\u0103;<\/li>\n<li> a fost necesar s\u0103 execut\u0103m o parte din script pentru crearea grupurilor pe un dc aleatoriu din fiecare p\u0103dure, problema se refer\u0103 la conturile administrative utilizate pentru fiecare arbore.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nConcluzie general\u0103: este foarte ciudat c\u0103 pe pia\u021b\u0103 nu exist\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 acum utilitare cu func\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bi similare. Este posibil\u0103 implementarea unei astfel de func\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bi pe baza portalului Sharepoint.<br \/>\nDe asemenea, este un fapt incomprehensibil absen\u021ba posibilit\u0103\u021bii de a utiliza utilitare PoSH pentru setarea permisiunilor pe foldere pe dispozitivele Sinology.<\/p>\n<p>Dac\u0103 cineva este interesat, sunt dispus s\u0103 \u00eemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219esc scriptul, cre\u00e2nd un proiect pe github.<br \/>\n<br \/>Sursa: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/482130\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0443 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430\u044f: \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u044f\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e-\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u2014 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0443 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0443\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0448\u0430\u0440\u044b, \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0430\u043f\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u043f\u0430\u043f\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432. \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043e \u0438 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043f\u043a\u0438. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-54550","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0412\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0443 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430\u044f: \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u044f\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 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