{"id":54774,"date":"2020-01-04T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-01-03T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/prostejshaya-internet-radio-kolonka-kodi-ili-spasenie-malinovogo-kirpicha"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:02:49","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:02:49","slug":"prostejshaya-internet-radio-kolonka-kodi-ili-spasenie-malinovogo-kirpicha","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/administrirovanie\/prostejshaya-internet-radio-kolonka-kodi-ili-spasenie-malinovogo-kirpicha","title":{"rendered":"Cel mai simplu radio intern de tip coloan\u0103 \u201eKodi\u201d sau salvarea \u201eC\u0103r\u0103mizii Malinoase\u201d","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Cel mai simplu radio intern de tip coloan\u0103 \u201eKodi\u201d sau salvarea \u201eC\u0103r\u0103mizii Malinoase\u201d\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/c20cd49d9e2ba397946a17ed24c117fd.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<h5> Principalele premise: <\/h5>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li> Exist\u0103 o plac\u0103 veche Raspberry Pi de prima genera\u021bie, nefolosit\u0103; <\/li>\n<li> Placa zace pe birou ca o povar\u0103 moart\u0103 \u0219i nu este utilizat\u0103 - placa \u201eC\u0103r\u0103mid\u0103\u201d; <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<h5> Ce ne-am dori s\u0103 ob\u021binem: <\/h5>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li> La un moment dat (de exemplu, \u00een func\u021bie de stare)<br \/>\nplaca s\u0103 nu mai fie \u201eC\u0103r\u0103mid\u0103\u201d \u0219i s\u0103 fie introdus\u0103 o carte magic\u0103 de memorie; <\/li>\n<li> La plac\u0103 se conecteaz\u0103 un cablu Ethernet \u0219i un conector de boxe sau c\u0103\u0219ti obi\u0219nuite; <\/li>\n<li> Dup\u0103 alimentare, fostul \u201eC\u0103r\u0103mid\u0103\u201d - <strong>c\u00e2nt\u0103<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<h5> Ideea principal\u0103: <\/h5>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li> Num\u0103rul minim de mi\u0219c\u0103ri pentru orice setare, \u00een cel mai ideal caz, conect\u0103m doar cablul \u201eEthernet\u201d, alimentarea \u0219i boxele, \u0219i nu mai facem nimic, de loc <strong>\u201edeloc\u201d;<\/strong><\/li>\n<li> Fostul \u201eC\u0103r\u0103mid\u0103\u201d din cutie sus\u021bine, de exemplu, 20 de sta\u021bii radio pe internet, iar comutarea acestora \u00een cerc poate fi legat\u0103 de ap\u0103sarea roti\u021bei mouse-ului sau de un pin GPIO specific (conect\u0103m dou\u0103 fire \u0219i le \u00eenchidem (visul meu din copil\u0103rie));<\/li>\n<li> Controlul se face prin canal radio, iar acest canal radio poate deveni un mouse radio obi\u0219nuit;<\/li>\n<li> Lua\u021bi un sistem deja gata, distribui\u021bi-l \u00een cadrul \u201eYocto Project\u201d<br \/>\nadic\u0103, ca de obicei, noi nu vom face nimic, deoarece totul a fost deja f\u0103cut.<br \/>\n(e suficient s\u0103 plas\u0103m un observator extern de cealalt\u0103 parte <strong>\u201eTelevizorului\u201d<\/strong>);<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h5>Descriere<\/h5>\n<p>\nCel mai simplu box\u0103 radio pe internet \u201eKODI\u201d<br \/>\nAsamblarea este destinat\u0103 pl\u0103cilor Raspberry Pi 1 mai vechi<br \/>\n(care adun\u0103 praf pe undeva prin birou, dar care sunt \u00eenc\u0103 preg\u0103tite s\u0103 func\u021bioneze)<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen mod implicit, se folose\u0219te o list\u0103 m3u8 de 12 sta\u021bii radio pe internet.<\/p>\n<p>Se presupune c\u0103 placa func\u021bioneaz\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 ie\u0219ire HDMI, iar pentru a o opri este suficient s\u0103 scoate\u021bi adaptorul de alimentare din priz\u0103. Iar ca o telecomand\u0103 ultra-modern\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 fir, pute\u021bi folosi mouse-ul dumneavoastr\u0103 radio superb (sau conecta\u021bi un mouse obi\u0219nuit cu fir).<\/p>\n<p>La activare, interfa\u021ba de re\u021bea este configurat\u0103 implicit prin protocolul DHCP \u0219i red\u0103 ultima sta\u021bie radio memorat\u0103 din list\u0103, controlul volumului se efectueaz\u0103 cu un mouse obi\u0219nuit: <br \/>\n(\u00een sf\u00e2r\u0219it, desemna\u021bi-v\u0103 mouse-ul \u201e\u0219ef al controlului\u201d \u0219i felicita\u021bi-l, l-a meritat)<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"html\">  roti \u00eenainte - cre\u0219terea volumului\n  roti \u00eenapoi - reducerea volumului\n  ap\u0103sarea \u00eendelungat\u0103 (3 secunde sau mai mult) pe butonul drept al mouse-ului\n                   - selectarea urm\u0103toarei sta\u021bii radio\n  ap\u0103sarea \u00eendelungat\u0103 (3 secunde sau mai mult) pe butonul st\u00e2ng al mouse-ului\n                   - selectarea sta\u021biei radio anterioare\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Pentru a ad\u0103uga propria list\u0103 de sta\u021bii radio Internet <br \/>\n\u00eentotdeauna pute\u021bi conecta un cablu HDMI de la televizor <br \/>\n\u0219i s\u0103 utiliza\u021bi interfa\u021ba grafic\u0103 standard Kodi 17.6<br \/>\n(deconecta\u021bi placa, conecta\u021bi HDMI \u0219i porni\u021bi adaptorul de alimentare)<\/p>\n<p>Meniu principal Kodi =&gt; \u201eAd\u0103ugiri\u201d =&gt; \u201eAd\u0103ugirile mele\u201d <br \/>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0=&gt; \u201eClien\u021bii PVR\u201d =&gt; \u201ePVR IPTV Simple Client\u201d\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><\/p>\n<h5> Implementarea ini\u021bial\u0103 <\/h5>\n<p> (posibil\u0103)<br \/>\nIni\u021bial, c\u00e2nd am decis s\u0103 fac \u201eBoxa Radio Internet\u201d, am planificat urm\u0103toarele:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> Un distribuitor console minimalist \u00een Yocto Project; <\/li>\n<li> Fluxul audio este redat prin GStreamer; <\/li>\n<li> Interfa\u021ba de re\u021bea este configurat\u0103 prin DHCP; <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n\u0218i o astfel de solu\u021bie are o serie de avantaje:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li> Destul de rapid (timp de intrare \u00een mod de lucru de 30-40 secunde de la alimentare);<\/li>\n<li> Destul de fiabil (mai pu\u021bine programe, mai pu\u021bine puncte de e\u0219ec);<\/li>\n<li> Distribu\u021bia consolei este mult mai u\u0219or de transformat \u00een modul doar citire<br \/>\n adic\u0103, programele nu scriu nimic \u00een sistemul de fi\u0219iere r\u0103d\u0103cin\u0103<br \/>\n (sistemul de fi\u0219iere de pe suportul SDHC este, \u00een opinia mea, primul candidat la e\u0219ecuri);<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Not\u0103:<\/b> <\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">    \u00cen Yocto, traduce\u021bi sistemul de fi\u0219iere r\u0103d\u0103cin\u0103 (rootfs) \u00een modul de doar citire destul de simplu, modific\u00e2nd un singur parametru \u00een timpul compil\u0103rii.  Din cutie, Yocto ofer\u0103 dou\u0103 op\u021biuni: 1) Func\u021bionarea sistemului de fi\u0219iere \u00een modul normal de citire\/scriere (a\u0219a func\u021bioneaz\u0103 toate distribu\u021biile de uz general, de exemplu, Ubuntu) 2) Func\u021bionarea sistemului de fi\u0219iere \u00een modul de doar citire (a\u0219a func\u021bioneaz\u0103 distribu\u021biile specializate, de exemplu, \u00een routere).  \u00cen modul de doar citire, toate directoarele \u00een care de obicei sunt scrise datele aplica\u021biilor \u0219i serviciilor \u00een timpul func\u021bion\u0103rii sunt montate \u00een memoria RAM (de exemplu, directorul \/var\/log etc.).  Datele sunt valabile doar pentru sesiunea curent\u0103 de lucru \u0219i dup\u0103 o \u00eentrerupere de alimentare, datele se pierd.  Dac\u0103 \u00een Yocto Project indica\u021bi la compilare s\u0103 utiliza\u021bi \"read only\", atunci, dup\u0103 compilare, distribu\u021bia dvs. va fi configurat\u0103 doar pentru citire, dar \u00eentotdeauna pute\u021bi ad\u0103uga capacitatea de a face tranzi\u021bia din \"read only\" \u00een \"read\/write\", dar aceasta este o poveste cu totul diferit\u0103...\n    <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n\u0218i un principal dezavantaj:<\/p>\n<p>\u201eTrebuie s\u0103-l fac\u201d adic\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 investesc un num\u0103r de N seri <br \/>\n(de obicei dup\u0103 munc\u0103, iar acesta este cel mai pu\u021bin eficient timp, \u00een acest moment creierul nu mai g\u00e2nde\u0219te, de obicei doarme)<\/p>\n<p>\u0218i, de asemenea, articolul meu anterior pe Habr a fost despre centrul multimedia <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/467443\">Kodi \u0219i Yocto<\/a><\/noindex> project<br \/>\n\u0219i posibilitatea de a continua \u00een aceea\u0219i direc\u021bie mi-a dep\u0103\u0219it impulsul meu de cercetare. Despre aceasta \u00een capitolul urm\u0103tor.<\/p>\n<h5> Transformarea Kodi \u00eentr-o box\u0103 de radio pe internet <\/h5>\n<p>\nPentru a ad\u0103uga func\u021bionalitatea de care am nevoie, voi ad\u0103uga \u00eenc\u0103 o metod\u0103 \u00een re\u021beta de construire a distribu\u021biei descrise \u00een precedentul <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/467443#distrib_recipe_koditv\"> pe care l-a\u021bi citit <\/a><\/noindex> vezi fi\u0219ierul berserk-image.bb <\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">GUI_SETTINGS = \"home\/root\/.kodi\/userdata\/guisettings.xml\"\n\n# configura\u021bia pornirii ultimului canal TV selectat (1-fon 2-plan de fundal)\nF1_LINE = \"&lt;startlast default=\"true\"&gt;0&lt;\\\/startlast&gt;\"\nR1_LINE = \"&lt;startlast&gt;1&lt;\\\/startlast&gt;\"\n# configura\u021bia ie\u0219irii audio, \u00eentotdeauna conectat\u0103 doar ie\u0219irea audio analogic\u0103\nF2_LINE = \"&lt;audiodevice default=\"true\"&gt;PI:HDMI&lt;\\\/audiodevice&gt;\"\nR2_LINE = \"&lt;audiodevice&gt;PI:Analogue&lt;\\\/audiodevice&gt;\"\n# deoarece HDMI nu este utilizat implicit, dezactivez actualizarea automat\u0103\n# altfel ar putea ap\u0103rea situa\u021bia \u00een care alimentarea a disp\u0103rut, dar datele au r\u0103mas nescrise\nF3_LINE = \"&lt;addonupdates default=\"true\"&gt;0&lt;\\\/addonupdates&gt;\"\nR3_LINE = \"&lt;addonupdates&gt;2&lt;\\\/addonupdates&gt;\"\n\n\n# metoda r\u0103spunde de ad\u0103ugarea configura\u021biei:\n# care transform\u0103 \"Televizor inteligent\" \u00een \"box\u0103 radio simpl\u0103 pe Internet\"\nadd_radio_guisettings() {\n    sed -i \"s|${F1_LINE}|${R1_LINE}|\" ${IMAGE_ROOTFS}\/${GUI_SETTINGS}\n    sed -i \"s|${F2_LINE}|${R2_LINE}|\" ${IMAGE_ROOTFS}\/${GUI_SETTINGS}\n    sed -i \"s|${F3_LINE}|${R3_LINE}|\" ${IMAGE_ROOTFS}\/${GUI_SETTINGS}\n}\n\n\nFIND_STR = \"touch .\\\/tmp\\\/.FIRST_RUN.\"\nSCRIPT_FIRST_RUN = \"etc\/init.d\/first-run.sh\"\n# deoarece ie\u0219irea HDMI poate s\u0103 nu fie utilizat\u0103, \n# este necesar s\u0103 dezactiv\u0103m \"bun venit la pornire\"\noff_kodi_welcome() {\n    sed -i \"s|${FIND_STR}|#&amp;|\" ${IMAGE_ROOTFS}\/${SCRIPT_FIRST_RUN}\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nMetodele sunt destinate modific\u0103rii sistemului de fi\u0219iere r\u0103d\u0103cin\u0103 \u00eenainte de a forma imaginea distribu\u021biei sub forma unui singur fi\u0219ier raw, care este scris pe cardul de memorie prin comanda <strong> dd <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Aceasta se face \u00een felul urm\u0103tor:<br \/>\n<strong>ROOTFS_POSTPROCESS_COMMAND += \u00abadd_radio_guisettings; off_kodi_welcome;\u00bb <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Pe scurt, \u00een principalul fi\u0219ier de configurare Kodi 17.6, se schimb\u0103 \u201etrei puncte\u201d<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> Configurarea pornirii ultimului canal TV selectat; <\/li>\n<li> Configurarea ie\u0219irii audio, \u00eentotdeauna conectat\u0103 doar ie\u0219irea audio analogic\u0103; <\/li>\n<li> Dezactivarea actualiz\u0103rii automate; <\/li>\n<li> <b class=\"spoiler_title\">Not\u0103:<\/b>\n<pre><code class=\"html\">    Singurul lucru cu care am avut dificult\u0103\u021bi, \n    a fost c\u0103 a trebuit s\u0103 aduc \u0219i fi\u0219ierul bazei de date \n    \u00een format sqlite =&gt; TV29.db, \u00een care este specificat \n    canalul TV curent redat \n    (deoarece implicit niciun canal nu este selectat), \n    \u0219i prin configurarea xml \u00een Kodi acest lucru nu se poate face.\n    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\no secven\u021b\u0103 detaliat\u0103 a pa\u0219ilor pentru fiecare punct:<\/p>\n<p>1) Face\u021bi clic pe pictograma \u201eroat\u0103 din\u021bat\u0103\u201d din col\u021bul din st\u00e2nga sus al ecranului<br \/>\n\u0219i selecta\u021bi op\u021biunea \u201eSet\u0103ri PVR \u0219i TV\u201d (imagine cu televizor cu dou\u0103 aripi)<br \/>\napoi, \u00een partea st\u00e2ng\u0103 a meniului, selecta\u021bi op\u021biunea \u201eRedare\u201d, iar \u00een sec\u021biunea central\u0103 \u201eGeneral\u201d<br \/>\nspecifica\u021bi \u00een lista derulant\u0103 \u201eContinua\u021bi cu ultimul canal la pornire\u201d<br \/>\naleg\u00e2nd setarea \u201ePlan de fundal\u201d<\/p>\n<p>sau mai clar:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">      \"Set\u0103rile PVR \u0219i TV\" \n       =&gt; \"Redare\" \n       =&gt; \"Continuare de pe ultimul canal la pornire\" =&gt; \"\u00cen prim-plan\"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n2) Face\u021bi clic pe pictograma \u201eroat\u0103 din\u021bat\u0103\u201d din col\u021bul din st\u00e2nga sus al ecranului \u0219i selecta\u021bi op\u021biunea:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">       \"Set\u0103rile sistemului\"  \n       =&gt; \"Ad\u0103ugiri\" =&gt; \"Actualiz\u0103ri\" =&gt; \"Nu verifica niciodat\u0103 actualiz\u0103ri\"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n3) Face\u021bi clic pe pictograma \u201eroat\u0103 din\u021bat\u0103\u201d din col\u021bul din st\u00e2nga sus al ecranului \u0219i selecta\u021bi op\u021biunea:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">       \"Set\u0103rile sistemului\" \n       =&gt; \"Audio\" =&gt; \"Dispozitiv de ie\u0219ire audio\" =&gt; \"PI: Analogic\"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<h5> Cum am privit televizorul gre\u0219it timp de doi ani. <\/h5>\n<p>\nTrebuie s\u0103 v\u0103 m\u0103rturisesc c\u0103, \u00een doi ani, nu am \u00eenv\u0103\u021bat s\u0103 m\u0103 uit la televizor corect.<\/p>\n<p>De obicei, m\u0103 uit la televizor \u00een buc\u0103t\u0103rie. La televizor este conectat\u0103 o plac\u0103 Raspberry Pi 2B, iar placa are porturi Ethernet \u0219i HDMI. Alimentarea pl\u0103cii se face prin cablul USB obi\u0219nuit, care este conectat la portul USB al televizorului, adic\u0103, practic, pornirea televizorului cu telecomanda standard alimenteaz\u0103 \u0219i placa Raspberry Pi, iar oprirea televizorului cu telecomanda, de asemenea, deconecteaz\u0103 automat alimentarea de la placa Raspberry Pi.<\/p>\n<p>Da, sunt pe deplin con\u0219tient c\u0103 nu ar trebui s\u0103 fac a\u0219a, pentru c\u0103 sistemul de fi\u0219iere r\u0103d\u0103cin\u0103 al centrului multimedia Kodi (ext3) func\u021bioneaz\u0103 \u00een mod obi\u0219nuit \u00een modul citire\/scriere. Dar sunt o persoan\u0103 lene\u0219\u0103 \u0219i, pentru \u00eenceput, am decis s\u0103 verific c\u00e2t timp pot opri sistemul, p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd acesta nu va mai porni deloc, dar, din p\u0103cate, \u00een doi ani nu am reu\u0219it s\u0103 fac asta (poate am avut doar noroc, nu \u0219tiu).<\/p>\n<p>\u0218i, \u00een opinia mea, dac\u0103 acest mod a fost potrivit pentru televizorul meu, atunci va fi potrivit \u0219i pentru \u201eo simpl\u0103 box\u0103 de radio pe internet\u201d, iar fiindc\u0103 am dezactivat for\u021bat actualiz\u0103rile automate ale plugin-urilor Kodi, probabilitatea de e\u0219ec a sistemului de fi\u0219iere va fi \u0219i mai mic\u0103. Deocamdat\u0103 nu v\u0103d probleme cu asta.<\/p>\n<p><b class=\"spoiler_title\">Not\u0103:<\/b> <\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">    Dar oric\u00e2nd, dac\u0103 dori\u021bi, pute\u021bi folosi o singur\u0103 comand\u0103 yocto \n    IMAGE_FEATURES += \"read-only-rootfs\"\n\n    \u0219i pu\u021bin\u0103 magie pentru a schimba distribu\u021bia dvs. \u00een modul \"read only\".\n    <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Distribu\u021bia \u201eboxei de radio pe internet\u201d descris\u0103 \u00een articol este destinat\u0103 utiliz\u0103rii casnice, iar ceea ce este cel mai important pentru o distribu\u021bie casnic\u0103 - este un GUI frumos. \u00cen opinia mea, este foarte greu sau aproape imposibil s\u0103 \u00eenve\u021bi un utilizator obi\u0219nuit s\u0103 tasteze comenzi magice neclare \u00een terminal, nici m\u0103car nu \u0219tie un cuv\u00e2nt din acestea. Dar un GUI, este ceva ce se poate utiliza cu u\u0219urin\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>\u0218i acesta este, poate, cel mai important argument \u00een favoarea unui sistem de operare non-console. Interfa\u021ba grafic\u0103 cald\u0103 \u0219i primitoare a utilizatorului Kodi, de\u0219i nu este neap\u0103rat necesar\u0103, exist\u0103.<br \/>\n(Am uitat complet s\u0103 men\u021bionez c\u0103 Kodi poate fi controlat de la distan\u021b\u0103, de exemplu, cu un smartphone, instal\u00e2nd aplica\u021bia \u201eYatse\u201d, \u0219i poate, pentru unii, acesta va fi un avantaj.)<\/p>\n<h3> Configurarea Kodi pentru controlul cu mouse-ul <\/h3>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">iar acum Racheta<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"xml\">VolumeUp\n          VolumeDown\n          ChannelDown\n          ChannelDown\n          ChannelUp\n          <!-- configurare rocket -->\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Configurarea reinterpreteaz\u0103 evenimentele generale (global) pentru urm\u0103toarele elemente:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> rularea ro\u021bii mouse-ului \u00een sus <\/li>\n<li> rularea ro\u021bii mouse-ului \u00een jos <\/li>\n<li> ap\u0103sarea pe butonul din mijloc al mouse-ului <\/li>\n<li> gestionarea unei ap\u0103s\u0103ri prelungite a mouse-ului (3 secunde sau mai mult),<br \/>\n0 identificator pentru butonul din dreapta, 1 identificator pentru butonul din st\u00e2nga <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>informa\u021bii mai detaliate privind configurarea evenimentelor mouse-ului:<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/kodi.wiki\/view\/Alternative_keymaps_for_mice\">kodi.wiki\/view\/Alternative_keymaps_for_mice<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/kodi.wiki\/view\/Action_IDs\">kodi.wiki\/view\/Action_IDs<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/kodi.wiki\/view\/Window_IDs\">kodi.wiki\/view\/Window_IDs<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h5> Ce s\u0103 faci dac\u0103 sistemul de cablu nu a ajuns la tine<\/h5>\n<p>\n\u201eDar eu nu am porturi Ethernet libere acas\u0103 (sau nu am avut niciodat\u0103)\u201d - ar putea exclama o parte dintre posesorii ferici\u021bi ai vechilor pl\u0103ci Raspberry Pi 1 (poate placa a fost cump\u0103rat\u0103 pentru cercetare \u0219i a\u0219a a r\u0103mas pe raft).<\/p>\n<p>\u0218i cum pe plac\u0103 nu exist\u0103 WiFi \u00eencorporat, f\u0103r\u0103 o conexiune Ethernet, aceasta nu este foarte func\u021bional\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Desigur, exist\u0103 posibilitatea utiliz\u0103rii pl\u0103cii Raspberry Pi 1 f\u0103r\u0103 Ethernet, dar va necesita anumite eforturi din partea ta. De obicei, astfel de lucruri sunt interesante de realizat doar \u00een cadrul explor\u0103rii a ceva nou, adic\u0103 nu este o activitate de utilizator.<\/p>\n<p>A\u0219adar, s\u0103 lu\u0103m \u00een considerare un scenariu ipotetic de utilizare a pl\u0103cii f\u0103r\u0103 Ethernet:<\/p>\n<p>Po\u021bi conecta un adaptor USB - WiFi extern, av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere c\u0103 <br \/>\nadaptorul ar trebui s\u0103 func\u021bioneze bine sub Linux. <\/p>\n<p><b class=\"spoiler_title\">Not\u0103:<\/b> <\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">    Din p\u0103cate, o parte dintre adaptoarele WiFi nu vor func\u021biona, \n    aceasta nu este o caracteristic\u0103 a distribu\u021biei prezentate \u00een acest articol, \n    ci mai degrab\u0103 o problem\u0103 specific\u0103 a driverelor adaptoarelor WiFi \u00een nucleul Linux. \n    Putem afirma c\u0103 \u00een acest moment nu po\u021bi pur \u0219i simplu \n    s\u0103 te duci \u00een magazin \u0219i s\u0103 cumperi orice adaptor WiFi. Mai degrab\u0103, trebuie s\u0103 alegi un adaptor WiFi \n    din lista celor mai pu\u021bin problematice \u0219i care func\u021bioneaz\u0103 bine sub Linux.\n\n    Am verificat doar urm\u0103toarele modele:\n    - Adaptor WiFi cu chipset Atheros D-Link DWA-126 802.11n (AR9271)\n    - Adaptor WiFi NetGear WNDA3200\n    - Adaptor WiFi NetGear WNA1100\n    - Adaptor WiFi TP-Link TL-WN722N (AR9271)\n    - Adaptor WiFi TL-WN322G v3\n    - Adaptor WiFi TL-WN422G\n    - Adaptor WiFi Asus USB-N53 chipset Ralink RT3572 \n    <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nDac\u0103 deja ai un adaptor USB WiFi, po\u021bi verifica c\u00e2t de bine func\u021bioneaz\u0103 sub Linux \u00een felul urm\u0103tor:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Instaleaz\u0103 o distribu\u021bie Linux bine cunoscut\u0103<br \/>\n , de uz general, cum ar fi \u201eUbuntu Desktop\u201d <\/li>\n<li>\u00cenc\u0103rca\u021bi sistemul<\/li>\n<li>Conecteaz\u0103 adaptorul t\u0103u USB WiFi<\/li>\n<li>Deschide managerul de re\u021bea \u0219i \u00eencearc\u0103 s\u0103 te conectezi la punctul t\u0103u de acces WiFi <\/li>\n<li>Dac\u0103 totul func\u021bioneaz\u0103 bine \u0219i conexiunea ta la internet este stabil\u0103, \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 adaptorul t\u0103u este bine suportat \u0219i po\u021bi continua lucrul de conectare a acestuia \u00eentr-o distribu\u021bie specializat\u0103 \u0219i posibil cu alte versiuni ale nucleului.<br \/>\n(dac\u0103 nu, s\u0103 nu insist\u0103m, din p\u0103cate \u2014 mai bine s\u0103 nu \u00eencerci deloc) <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<strong> Suportul pentru adaptorul WiFi extern pe \u201eRaspberry PI\u201d <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Pentru a func\u021biona corect adaptorul WiFi \u00een Linux, avem nevoie de dou\u0103 lucruri:<br \/>\n<strong>1)<\/strong> Suportul din nucleul Linux pentru un anumit adaptor WiFi<br \/>\n<strong>2)<\/strong> Existenta \u00een sistem a modulului de nucleu pentru un anumit adaptor WiFi<\/p>\n<p>S\u0103 lu\u0103m, spre exemplu, adaptorul TP-Link TL-WN722N. Are o anten\u0103 superb\u0103.<br \/>\nS\u0103 afl\u0103m chipsetul pe care placa func\u021bioneaz\u0103 \u2014 la mine este \u201eAR9271\u201d, <b class=\"spoiler_title\">not\u0103:<\/b> <\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">    ceea ce este interesting este c\u0103 pentru acela\u0219i model \n    de la acela\u0219i produc\u0103tor, chipsetul WiFi poate varia. \n    Eu, de exemplu, am \u00eent\u00e2lnit c\u0103 pentru TL-WN722N versiunea 2, \n    se folose\u0219te un alt chipset Realtek RTL8188, care func\u021bioneaz\u0103 deja \n    prost sub Linux (pe atunci), din p\u0103cate a\u0219a stau lucrurile, \n    deci uneori trebuie s\u0103 te ui\u021bi atent la micile cifre \n    de versiune de pe spatele (\u00eentunecat) al adaptorului.    \n    <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nAcum s\u0103 g\u0103sim denumirea parametrului din configura\u021bia nucleului responsabil pentru driverul chipsetului AR9271, cel mai bine este s\u0103 c\u0103ut\u0103m combina\u021bia de cuvinte \u201eAR9271 cateee.net\u201d<br \/>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0unde \u00abcateee.net\u00bb \u2014 un site grozav cu descrierea configura\u021biilor modulelor nucleului Linux<\/p>\n<p>Imediat g\u0103sim numele configura\u021biei nucleului \u2014 <strong>CONFIG_ATH9K_HTC<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0219i numele modulului de nucleu de care avem nevoie <strong> ath9k_htc <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0219i apoi este suficient s\u0103 specific\u0103m numele modulului dorit \u00een fi\u0219ierul fragmentului de configura\u021bie <br \/>\nNucleul Linux =&gt; recipes-kernel\/linux\/files\/rbpi.cfg, ad\u0103uga\u021bi linia:<br \/>\n<strong> CONFIG_ATH9K_HTC=m <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Astfel, \u00een continuare, pute\u021bi conecta orice echipament suplimentar la sistemul dvs. (bine\u00een\u021beles, dac\u0103 este deja suportat \u00een nucleul Linux)<\/p>\n<h5> Ce s\u0103 faci dac\u0103 e\u0219ti un geek de la Habr \u2014 constructor <\/h5>\n<p>\n\u0218i creezi lucruri grozave, cum ar fi <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/477440\"> aici <\/a><\/noindex> sau e\u0219ti student \u0219i visezi s\u0103 creezi ceva similar. <\/p>\n<p>Atunci, la o prim\u0103 vedere, po\u021bi lua un ecran Touch Screen pentru RPI de pe aliexpress, comanda\u021bi acolo o baterie compatibil\u0103, conecta\u021bi totul la placa Raspberry Pi 1, 2 sau 3 (mai bine pe 3, deoarece are Wifi \u00eencorporat), alege\u021bi un design al interfe\u021bei grafice \u00een Kodi, adaptat pentru ecran tactil \u0219i voil\u00e0 =&gt; este posibil s\u0103 ob\u021bine\u021bi un player audio simplu. Sigur va fi destul de voluminos, dar va fi al vostru.<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">  Not\u0103:\n  A pentru a construi un centru multimedia Kodi pentru cea mai bugetar\u0103 plac\u0103 \n  Raspberry Pi Zero Wifi \u00een yocto, este suficient s\u0103 modifica\u021bi dou\u0103 linii:\n\n  fi\u0219ierul de configura\u021bie =&gt; build\/conf\/local.conf\n      MACHINE = 'raspberrypi0-wifi'\n\n  re\u021beta de construc\u021bie Kodi =&gt; recipes-mediacentre\/kodi\/kodi_17.bbappend\n      EXTRA_OECONF_append = \"${@bb.utils.contains('MACHINE', \n                            'raspberrypi0-wifi', '${BS_RPI}',  '', d)}\"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<pre>\n  Dac\u0103 reac\u021bia GUI Kodi 17.6 \n  din cauza unui nucleu de procesor \u00een Zero \u021bi se va p\u0103rea \n  misterioas\u0103, atunci se poate face un truc \u0219i s\u0103 construie\u0219ti o versiune mai veche, \n  dar foarte rapid\u0103, cum ar fi Kodi 15.2, care \u00een acest sens este mai \n  \"prietenos\" (uneori solu\u021biile legate de legacy rezolv\u0103 tot)\n<\/pre>\n<p>\nDin p\u0103cate, nu am placa, a\u0219a c\u0103 nu o pot verifica, dar, din ceea ce simt, ar trebui s\u0103 func\u021bioneze.<\/p>\n<p><b class=\"spoiler_title\">Instruc\u021biuni scurte pentru construc\u021bie<\/b> <\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">    1) Instala\u021bi dependen\u021bele Yocto Project (de exemplu, \u00een Ubuntu): \n    sudo apt-get install -y --no-install-suggests --no-install-recommends \n        gawk wget git-core diffstat unzip texinfo gcc-multilib build-essential \n        chrpath socat cpio python python3 python3-pip python3-pexpect \n        xz-utils debianutils iputils-ping python3-git python3-jinja2 \n        libegl1-mesa libsdl1.2-dev xterm\n\n    2) Desc\u0103rca\u021bi \u0219i instala\u021bi Repo:\n        mkdir ~\/bin\n        curl http:\/\/commondatastorage.googleapis.com\/git-repo-downloads\/repo &gt; ~\/bin\/repo\n        chmod a+x ~\/bin\/repo\n\n    3) Desc\u0103rca\u021bi proiectul de pe github:\n        PATH=${PATH}:~\/bin\n        mkdir radio\n        cd radio\n        repo init -u https:\/\/github.com\/berserktv\/bs-manifest \n                  -m raspberry\/rocko\/radio-rpi-0.2.8.xml\n        repo sync\n\n    4) Compila\u021bi proiectul:\n        .\/shell.sh\n        bitbake berserk-image\n        \n    Poate fi compilat \u0219i pentru pl\u0103cile Raspberry Pi 3B Plus, 3B \u0219i 2B:\n    repo init -u https:\/\/github.com\/berserktv\/bs-manifest \n              -m raspberry\/rocko\/radio-0.2.8.xml\n    <\/code><\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<blockquote><p> o instruc\u021biune mai detaliat\u0103 pentru compilare <br \/>\n \u0219i scriere pe cardul microSDHC <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/467443\/#instruction_koditv\">\u00een articolul anterior<\/a><\/noindex>\n <\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h5> Postscriptum <\/h5>\n<p>\nDesigur, ideea unei coloane de radio pe internet este tipic\u0103, este bine cunoscut\u0103 \u0219i pe Habr ve\u021bi g\u0103si multe articole despre acest subiect, de exemplu <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/475172\">aici<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>\u0218i v\u0103 pute\u021bi g\u00e2ndi c\u0103 pur \u0219i simplu am adaptat cerin\u021bele la o solu\u021bie finalizat\u0103. La aceasta pot r\u0103spunde \u0219i spune c\u0103 nu, cu sinceritate.<\/p>\n<p><b class=\"spoiler_title\">Povestea domnului Ervi<\/b> <\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"html\">    Crede\u021bi sau nu, dar iat\u0103 cum au stat lucrurile:\n\n    Biroul nostru de lucru se \u00eenvecineaz\u0103 cu o firm\u0103 care produce diverse echipamente audio, iar \u00eentr-o zi, directorul acestei firme, s\u0103-i spunem domnul \"Ervi\", s-a apropiat de adjunctul directorului nostru de filiala, domnul \"Arsenie\", \u0219i i-a cerut s\u0103-i spun\u0103 c\u00e2t de dificil ar fi s\u0103 conecteze la un Raspberry Pi redarea unui flux audio, adic\u0103 placa se conecteaz\u0103 la re\u021bea \u0219i la difuzoare, iar \"se aude un sunet caracteristic\".\n\n    Dup\u0103 aceea, domnul Arsenie s-a dus la adjunctul \u0219efului meu, domnul \"Boriss\", \u0219i i-a redirec\u021bionat \u00eentrebarea, iar eu, ca observator din afar\u0103, am re\u021binut aceast\u0103 idee \u0219i am numit-o \"Problema celor trei \u0219efi\".\n\n    \u00cen general, au vrut s\u0103 fie bine, \n    dar a ie\u0219it, citez - \"Dar domnul Ervi, ca de obicei, a ajutat.\"\n\n    Dup\u0103 un timp, l-am \u00eentrebat pe domnul \"Boriss\" ce p\u0103rere are despre scrierea unei mici note pe aceast\u0103 tem\u0103 pe \"Habr\", la care \"Boriss\" a r\u0103spuns c\u0103 modificarea \"a trei puncte din meniu\" \u00een Kodi nu aduce informa\u021bii noi \u0219i nu merit\u0103 o men\u021biune separat\u0103. \n    Desigur, sunt complet de acord cu el \u0219i de aceea nu-i voi spune c\u0103 am scris ceva \u00een leg\u0103tur\u0103 cu aceasta.\n\n    Articolul este scris exclusiv pentru placa \"Raspberry Pi 1\" \u00eemprumutat\u0103 de la domnul \"Boriss\" pentru perioada experimentului, \n    iar asem\u0103n\u0103rile cu toate celelalte pl\u0103ci \"Raspberry Pi 1\" sunt \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103toare.\n    <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>V\u0103 dorim multe construc\u021bii bune \u0219i diverse, \u0219i s\u0103 c\u00e2nte chiar \u0219i fostul vostru brick anul acesta.<br \/>\n<br \/>Sursa: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/482714\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438: \u0415\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0430 Raspberry Pi \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f; \u041f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0448\u043a\u0430\u0444\u0443 \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u2014 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u00ab\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u00bb; \u0427\u0442\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0431\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c: \u0412 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e) \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u00ab\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043e\u043c\u00bb, \u0438 \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043e\u043b\u0448\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438; \u041a \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f Ethernet \u043a\u0430\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0438 \u0448\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0435\u0440 \u043e\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0438 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":54775,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-54774","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" 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