{"id":54886,"date":"2020-01-06T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-01-05T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/effekt-kuleshova-v-disco-elysium-kak-kontekst-sozdaet-smysl"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:02:56","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:02:56","slug":"effekt-kuleshova-v-disco-elysium-kak-kontekst-sozdaet-smysl","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/effekt-kuleshova-v-disco-elysium-kak-kontekst-sozdaet-smysl","title":{"rendered":"Efectul Kuleshov \u00een Disco Elysium: cum contextul creeaz\u0103 semnifica\u021bie","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Efectul Kuleshov \u00een Disco Elysium: cum contextul creeaz\u0103 semnifica\u021bie\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/f59bff047aa3bcf3ff8b50c7f9e68158.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n\u00cenainte de a trece la Disco Elysium, s\u0103 ne \u00eentoarcem cu 100 de ani \u00een urm\u0103. \u00cen anii 1910 \u0219i 1920, Lev Kuleshov a demonstrat efectul montajului cinematografic \u2013 \u00een func\u021bie de juxtapunerea a dou\u0103 cadre plasate unul l\u00e2ng\u0103 altul, apare un nou sens. Kuleshov a filmat un prim-plan al fe\u021bei unui actor, urmat de alte 3 cadre: o farfurie cu sup\u0103, o feti\u021b\u0103 \u00een sicriu \u0219i o fat\u0103 pe o canapea.<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nDup\u0103 cum varia cadrul care era ar\u0103tat spectatorilor, percep\u021bia se schimba. Spectatorii credeau c\u0103 b\u0103rbatul era fl\u0103m\u00e2nd (farfuria cu sup\u0103), trist (feti\u021ba \u00een sicriu) sau fascinat (femeia). Dar, de fapt, expresia fe\u021bei b\u0103rbatului era identic\u0103 \u00een toate cazurile, differind doar primul cadru. Acest efect psihologic, cunoscut sub numele de efectul Kuleshov, ilustreaz\u0103 modul \u00een care con\u021binutul influen\u021beaz\u0103 sensul extras.<\/p>\n<p><center><div class=\"youtube-placeholder\" data-id=\"_gGl3LJ7vHc\" onclick=\"loadVideo(this)\">\r\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/_gGl3LJ7vHc\/hqdefault.jpg\" alt=\"Reda\u021bi video\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"480\" height=\"360\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;\">\r\n        <div class=\"play-button\"><\/div>\r\n    <\/div><\/center><br \/>\nEfectul Kuleshov apare \u00een nara\u021biunile ramificate ale jocurilor \u0219i serve\u0219te dou\u0103 scopuri: \u00een primul r\u00e2nd, s\u0103 fac\u0103 alegerea impresionant\u0103, iar \u00een al doilea r\u00e2nd, s\u0103 limiteze povestea. <\/p>\n<p>Exemplu. Un personaj tr\u0103deaz\u0103 protagonistul \u00eentr-un anumit moment al plotului. Juc\u0103torul poate face o alegere care influen\u021beaz\u0103 rela\u021bia sa cu acest personaj:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u201eBun\u201d: juc\u0103torul \u00eel ajut\u0103, iar personajul reac\u021bioneaz\u0103 pozitiv. Atunci c\u00e2nd are loc tr\u0103darea, acest personaj devine un intrigant manipulator. <\/li>\n<li>\u201eR\u0103u\u201d. Juc\u0103torul \u00eei face r\u0103u, iar personajul se distan\u021beaz\u0103. Cum este perceput personajul \u00een acest caz? El este tr\u0103d\u0103torul a\u0219teptat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nPentru a limita povestea, \u00een efectul Kuleshov, alegerea juc\u0103torului poate fi clasificat\u0103 ca un \u201etr\u0103g\u0103tor\u201d contextual (primul \u201etr\u0103g\u0103tor\u201d = farfuria cu sup\u0103). Tr\u0103darea este un \u201etr\u0103g\u0103tor\u201d, interpretat \u00een context (al doilea \u201etr\u0103g\u0103tor\u201d = fa\u021ba b\u0103rbatului). Juc\u0103torului i se ofer\u0103 libertatea de a ac\u021biona la primul, dar nu la al doilea. Aceasta ne ajut\u0103 s\u0103 lu\u0103m decizii cu privire la ce alegere poate face juc\u0103torul. De exemplu, nu poate exista op\u021biunea de a omor\u00ee tr\u0103d\u0103torul, deoarece al doilea \u201etr\u0103g\u0103tor\u201d necesit\u0103 ca el s\u0103 fie \u00een via\u021b\u0103. Aceasta limiteaz\u0103 influen\u021ba pe care juc\u0103torul o poate avea asupra povestirii, \u00een timp ce le ofer\u0103 posibilitatea de a explora propria poveste.<\/p>\n<p>\u0218i acum s\u0103 ne \u00eentoarcem la Disco Elysium. Este un RPG, a\u0219a c\u0103, la fel ca toate celelalte, are statistici ale personajelor. Acestea nu sunt parametrii tipici de la D&amp;D, precum puterea, \u00een\u021belepciunea, carisma etc. Statisticile din Disco Elysium sunt empatia, enciclopedia \u0219i autoritatea. Cu c\u00e2t un juc\u0103tor investe\u0219te mai multe puncte \u00een aceste abilit\u0103\u021bi, cu at\u00e2t personajul devine mai bun \u00een ele \u0219i cu at\u00e2t mai mult acestea \u00eel influen\u021beaz\u0103. Dac\u0103 nu ai jucat, s-ar putea s\u0103 te \u00eentrebi: \u201eCum poate fi influen\u021bat personajul juc\u0103torului de empatie?\u201d. R\u0103spunsul: rela\u021biile.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Efectul Kuleshov \u00een Disco Elysium: cum contextul creeaz\u0103 semnifica\u021bie\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/f88e0535a9dcc8a8fee1369b5e3eabcc.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nRela\u021biile sunt liniile de dialog influen\u021bate de statisticile personajului t\u0103u. De exemplu, dac\u0103 personajul are empatie ridicat\u0103, aceasta va ap\u0103rea \u00een timpul unei conversa\u021bii de genul: \u201eSe str\u0103duie\u0219te s\u0103 nu-\u0219i arate, dar trupul din spatele casei \u00eel deranjeaz\u0103\u201d. Apoi, c\u00e2nd juc\u0103torul prime\u0219te op\u021biuni de r\u0103spuns \u00een dialog, el le evalueaz\u0103 pe baza \u00eendemnului de empatie. Cele mai amuzante momente din joc apar atunci c\u00e2nd dou\u0103 caracteristici ofer\u0103 op\u021biuni de ac\u021biune diferite. De exemplu, dac\u0103 empatia sugereaz\u0103 s\u0103-i ofere compasiune, deoarece personajul este pe cale de a ceda, atunci autoritatea sf\u0103tuie\u0219te s\u0103-l \u00eemping\u0103 mai mult \u00een aceast\u0103 direc\u021bie.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Efectul Kuleshov \u00een Disco Elysium: cum contextul creeaz\u0103 semnifica\u021bie\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/c1b8ed5cf8b32a9affd4e158e9b0fa2d.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nDe ce alegerea din Disco Elysium este mult mai conving\u0103toare dec\u00e2t \u00een exemplul cu tr\u0103darea de mai sus? \u00cen primul exemplu, alegerea juc\u0103torului include un \u201etragere contextuale\u201d. Tr\u0103darea inevitabil\u0103 este o \u201etragere\u201d, interpretat\u0103 \u00een context. \u00cen Disco Elysium, ceea ce func\u021bioneaz\u0103 ca o \u201etragere\u201d contextual\u0103 sunt rela\u021biile, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t alegerea de dialog poate fi o \u201etragere\u201d interpretat\u0103 ca o \u201etragere viitoare\u201d. Alegerea juc\u0103torului nu mai este un context. Ca urmare: ac\u021biunea cu context creeaz\u0103 sens.<\/p>\n<p>Rela\u021biile sunt efectul Kule\u0219ov la nivel micro. Op\u021biunile de dialog primite de juc\u0103tor au propriul lor context sub influen\u021ba caracteristicilor personajului s\u0103u. Efectul Kule\u0219ov, de data aceasta, nu este doar percep\u021bie \u2014 juc\u0103torul poate ac\u021biona \u00een func\u021bie de acesta.<br \/>\n<br \/>Sursa: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/483004\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u043a Disco Elysium, \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 100 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0434. \u0412 1910-\u0435 \u0438 20-\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b \u041b\u0435\u0432 \u041a\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0448\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u043a\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0436\u0430 \u2014 \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043c, \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b. \u041a\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0448\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u043d\u044f\u043b \u043a\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043b\u0438\u0446\u043e \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0435\u0449\u0435 3 \u043a\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430: \u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u0443\u043f\u0430, \u0434\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0443 \u0432 \u0433\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0443 \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0432\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435. \u0412 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-54886","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u043a Disco.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/effekt-kuleshova-v-disco-elysium-kak-kontekst-sozdaet-smysl\" 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