{"id":54930,"date":"2020-01-08T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-01-07T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/obsuzhdaem-tsifrovye-dvojniki-i-imitatsionnoe-modelirovanie-s-osnovatelem-konsaltingovoj-kompanii"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:02:59","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:02:59","slug":"obsuzhdaem-tsifrovye-dvojniki-i-imitatsionnoe-modelirovanie-s-osnovatelem-konsaltingovoj-kompanii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/obsuzhdaem-tsifrovye-dvojniki-i-imitatsionnoe-modelirovanie-s-osnovatelem-konsaltingovoj-kompanii","title":{"rendered":"Discut\u0103m despre gemeni digitali \u0219i simulare cu fondatorul unei companii de consultan\u021b\u0103","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Fondatorul NFP, Serghei Lo\u017ekin, mi-a explicat ce este modelarea simula\u021bionului, gemenii digitali, de ce dezvoltatorii no\u0219tri sunt ieftini \u0219i grozavi pentru Europa \u0219i de ce Rusia are un nivel ridicat de digitalizare.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Vino dac\u0103 vrei s\u0103 afli cum func\u021bioneaz\u0103, cine are nevoie de Digital Twin \u00een Rusia, c\u00e2t cost\u0103 un proiect \u0219i cum po\u021bi \u00eenv\u0103\u021ba acest lucru.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Un gemene digital este o copie virtual\u0103 precis\u0103 a unui obiect sau proces real. Acestea au fost utilizate pe scar\u0103 larg\u0103 \u00een \u00eentreaga lume pentru a economisi bani \u0219i a spori siguran\u021ba. Rusia \u00eencepe, de asemenea, s\u0103 se deplaseze \u00een aceast\u0103 direc\u021bie \u0219i este \u0219i mai pl\u0103cut c\u0103 avem companii grozave, cotate chiar \u0219i pe pia\u021ba interna\u021bional\u0103.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Versiunea complet\u0103 a interviului (o or\u0103 \u0219i pu\u021bin) poate fi urm\u0103rit\u0103 pe canalul meu de YouTube, acolo totul este foarte viu \u0219i interesant, iar \u00een primul comentariu sunt postate codurile de timp.<\/p>\n

\n

\r\n \"Reda\u021bi\r\n
<\/div>\r\n <\/div><\/center><\/p>\n

Aici, \u00een mod foarte concis, voi prezenta c\u00e2teva puncte, adaptate creativ pentru formatul tip\u0103rit.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Farya:
\n\u2014 De c\u00e2t timp exist\u0103 \u00een compania dumneavoastr\u0103 direc\u021bia \u00abModelare prin simulare\u00bb \u0219i de ce a\u021bi decis s\u0103 v\u0103 ocupa\u021bi de aceasta?<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Serghei:
\n\u2014 La noi \u00een 2016 a lucrat un angajat care \u0219tia ce este Anylogic. A spus c\u0103 tema este interesant\u0103, haide\u021bi s\u0103 facem. \u0218i am \u00eenceput, f\u0103r\u0103 s\u0103 \u0219tim de fapt ce este. Am \u00eenceput s\u0103 investim, s\u0103 instruim oamenii, s\u0103 c\u0103ut\u0103m lead-uri. Apoi acest om a plecat... Dar cum noi deja am parcurs o anumit\u0103 cale, am decis s\u0103 continu\u0103m.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 Ei bine, iat\u0103 c\u0103 a ap\u0103rut ceva nou de dezvoltat, dar voi a\u021bi \u00een\u021beles c\u0103 o mare parte din pia\u021b\u0103 este \u00absectorul public\u00bb cu mentalitatea corespunz\u0103toare \u0219i uzinele care se pr\u0103bu\u0219esc, care cumva trebuie modelate. Chiar a\u021bi crezut \u00een aceast\u0103 tehnologie sau pur \u0219i simplu a\u021bi decis s\u0103 v\u0103 ocupa\u021bi de ceva la mod\u0103?<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 Nu a\u0219 spune c\u0103 era la mod\u0103 pe atunci, ideea este foarte interesant\u0103. \u00cen opinia mea, experimentele digitale cu modele ne a\u0219teapt\u0103 \u00een toate domeniile, trebuie s\u0103 ne \u00eendrept\u0103m \u00een aceast\u0103 direc\u021bie \u00een orice caz. De exemplu, americanii modeleaz\u0103 \u00eentregi b\u0103t\u0103lii militare, aranjeaz\u0103 tancuri, avioane, infanterie \u0219i observ\u0103 rezultatul luptei.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Ei bine, asta este \u00een domeniul militar. \u00cen sectorul civil, America \u0219i Europa au modelat de mult. China progreseaz\u0103 rapid \u00een modelare. De exemplu, compania german\u0103 SimPlan a modelat func\u021bionarea avionului Airbus pe Anylogic, Mercedes \u00eel folose\u0219te activ, orice companie mare experimenteaz\u0103 cu modelele. Avem companii de v\u00e2rf care fac asta. At\u00e2t companii comerciale, c\u00e2t \u0219i de stat, pentru care, de altfel, transformarea digital\u0103 este unul dintre subiectele principale \u00een prezent.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 Ei bine, \u0219tim cum se desf\u0103\u0219oar\u0103...<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 Noi \u0219tim... dar ei trebuie s\u0103 ofere un rezultat. Nu este posibil s\u0103 vorbim despre asta constant, \u00een cur\u00e2nd voi \u00eencepe s\u0103 \u00eentreb. A\u0219adar, trebuie s\u0103 fac\u0103 ceva.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\"Discut\u0103m<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 Cine sunt clien\u021bii dvs.?<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 Acestea sunt, \u00een principal, companii mari. Condi\u021bionat, TOP-1000 \u2013 clien\u021bii no\u0219tri \u021binti\u021bi. \u00cen principal, acestea sunt companii comerciale \u0219i comerciale cu participare de stat. Printre clien\u021bi se num\u0103r\u0103 companii sistemice \u00een energie, extrac\u021bia gazelor, transportul aerian.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 Ce le place s\u0103 modeleze?<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 Le intereseaz\u0103 s\u0103 modeleze procese care sunt costisitoare experimental. De exemplu, exist\u0103 un cuptor de topire de dimensiunea unei case, \u0219i orice eroare \u00een modificarea procesului tehnologic, care a fost stabilit\u0103 pe piatr\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103 din anii '60, poate costa foarte scump. Prin urmare, de\u0219i eficien\u021ba procesului poate fi \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit\u0103, nu se fac experimente.
\n\u00cen acest caz, se poate crea un \u201edublu digital\u201d, \u00een care s\u0103 fie luate \u00een considerare procesele din cuptor \u0219i \u00eentreaga aparatur\u0103 \u2013 depozite, macarale etc. \u0219i s\u0103 fie modelat tot acest proces. De exemplu, s\u0103 vedem ce se va \u00eent\u00e2mpla dac\u0103 nu sc\u0103dem temperatura din cuptor.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 Atunci, ce diferen\u021biaz\u0103 un dublu digital de modelarea prin simulare?<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 Modelarea prin simulare este procesul de creare \u0219i utilizare a unui dublu digital, adic\u0103 a unei copii virtuale a unui obiect sau proces fizic. Acesta poate fi un proces de afaceri, de exemplu, rutarea apelurilor, circula\u021bia transportului feroviar, automobile, ceva legat de logistic\u0103 etc.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00cen general, un dublu digital este un subiect popular, iar sub acesta se poate adapta foarte mult. Poate fi un model al unui fier de c\u0103lcat, iar implementarea 1C poate fi numit\u0103 un dublu digital al contabilit\u0103\u021bii. Noi restr\u00e2ngem acest concept la anumite procese fizice.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 De ce crezi c\u0103 simul\u0103rile prin modelare sunt un subiect la mod\u0103? Eu aproape c\u0103 nu am auzit de gemeni digitali. Mai mult, c\u00e2nd am c\u0103utat oferte de munc\u0103 pe hh pentru Anylogic, pe care \u00eel folosi\u021bi, erau pu\u021bine, iar mai mult de jum\u0103tate erau legate de voi.<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 \u00cen prim\u0103var\u0103 am fost la M\u00fcnchen la o conferin\u021b\u0103 despre simularea prin modelare, am cunoscut companii care se ocup\u0103 cu asta, \u0219i pot spune c\u0103 Rusia \u00een acest sens r\u0103m\u00e2ne \u00een urm\u0103. Pia\u021ba mare de simulare prin modelare este \u00een Statele Unite, acolo toat\u0103 lumea modeleaz\u0103. Iar \u00een Europa, de exemplu, nu po\u021bi construi obiecte de infrastructur\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 modelare, au modelat chiar \u0219i fabrica Volkswagen din Kaluga.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Chiar \u0219i c\u00e2nd vorbim despre Anylogic \u2013 software-ul rusesc pentru simularea prin modelare, care este folosit activ \u00een \u00eentreaga lume, \u00een Rusia volumul de utilizare a acestui produs este de sub 10%, conform spuselor lor. Asta \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 simularea, de fapt, abia se dezvolt\u0103 la noi. \u0218i acum avem tot mai multe cereri con\u0219tiente din partea clien\u021bilor.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\"Discut\u0103m<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 C\u00e2nd merge\u021bi la companii cu ideile dvs., \u00eent\u00e2lni\u021bi des rezisten\u021b\u0103?<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 Da, des. Mai ales \u00een companiile unde oamenii \u201evechi\u201d se aga\u021b\u0103 de locurile lor \u0219i spun c\u0103 \u201eaceast\u0103 chestie\u201d nu le va permite s\u0103-\u0219i \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021beasc\u0103 eficien\u021ba. De multe ori se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 c\u0103 managementul vrea, dar noi trebuie s\u0103 lucr\u0103m la un nivel inferior, cu me\u0219te\u0219ugarii, dispecerii, \u0219i din partea lor \u00eent\u00e2lnim \u0219i ea rezisten\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00cens\u0103, acum se observ\u0103 o tendin\u021b\u0103 de schimbare, iar aceasta devine din ce \u00een ce mai evident\u0103. Pleac\u0103 \u201eveteranii\u201d, iar cei noi care vin g\u00e2ndesc diferit. \u00cen plus, cum am spus, acum to\u021bi sunt \u00eempin\u0219i aproape cu bocancul \u00een transformarea digital\u0103, se fac cursuri de formare \u0219i chiar \u0219i \u00een fabricile din zonele rurale \u00eent\u00e2lnim tot mai des tineri avansa\u021bi. Se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 ca la ei s\u0103 fie trimise echipe din Moscova, \u0219i ei acolo dezvolt\u0103 totul.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 Sim\u021bi\u021bi o penurie de personal?<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 Depinde de situa\u021bie, suntem o organiza\u021bie pe proiecte. Dac\u0103 apar multe proiecte, atunci se simte aceast\u0103 penurie, deoarece pentru a preg\u0103ti un dezvoltator sunt necesare c\u00e2teva luni. Acum nu a\u0219 spune c\u0103 este o penurie, facem angaj\u0103ri de aproximativ o persoan\u0103 pe lun\u0103 din cauza cre\u0219terii num\u0103rului de proiecte, dar nu exist\u0103 o mare frenezie \u00een acest sens.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 C\u00e2t pl\u0103ti\u021bi?<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 Un Junior poate c\u00e2\u0219tiga aproximativ 50k ruble. \u00cen general, avem tarife standard. Salariile normale \u00eencep de la 80k \u0219i cresc f\u0103r\u0103 limite. Dac\u0103 un angajat este apreciat de clien\u021bi \u0219i se dezvolt\u0103 bine, poate ajunge rapid la un salariu bun de 120k.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 Asta \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 cineva a programat c\u00e2\u021biva ani, a \u00eenv\u0103\u021bat Java, a venit la voi \u0219i are perspective s\u0103 ajung\u0103 la 200k.<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 Da.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 (Privire semnificativ\u0103 \u00een camer\u0103)<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\"Discut\u0103m<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 Am observat c\u0103 pe YouTube ave\u021bi parte din videoclipuri \u00een limba englez\u0103. Apoi am g\u0103sit un articol c\u0103 ie\u0219i\u021bi pe pia\u021ba britanic\u0103. De ce?<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 Chiar planific\u0103m s\u0103 intr\u0103m pe pia\u021ba britanic\u0103, avem ca obiectiv s\u0103 avem jum\u0103tate din venituri provenind din str\u0103in\u0103tate. Ne dorim s\u0103 lucr\u0103m la nivel global. Acum avem c\u00e2teva astfel de proiecte, dar ne dorim s\u0103 fie o practic\u0103 constant\u0103.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 Se simt perspectivele \u0219i interesul pentru voi \u00een Europa?<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 Depinde de ceea ce oferim. De exemplu, \u00een prezent organiz\u0103m instruiri pe simulare \u0219i RPA pentru Europa, iar grupuri de 20-30 de persoane sunt formate, care apoi doresc s\u0103 interac\u021bioneze cu noi.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 Mi-a pl\u0103cut de asemenea \u00een articol c\u0103 acolo au mai pu\u021bine controale, un sistem juridic \u0219i de instan\u021b\u0103 mai bun, iar costurile pentru dezvoltatori sunt foarte mari. \u00cen\u021beleg corect c\u0103 dezvoltatorii vor lucra aici, dar vor presta servicii pentru str\u0103in\u0103tate?<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 Da, bine\u00een\u021beles c\u0103 e clasic.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 Pur \u0219i simplu, nu este prima dat\u0103 c\u00e2nd observ c\u0103 noi apar companii noi care fac afaceri trendy, foarte populare \u00een str\u0103in\u0103tate, dar care \u00eenc\u0103 nu au prins av\u00e2nt \u00een Rusia. Prin urmare, ele \u00eencep s\u0103 fac\u0103 proiecte pentru pia\u021ba extern\u0103 \u0219i mi se pare, cumva, nedrept pentru dezvoltatorii no\u0219tri c\u0103 sunt, de fapt, munc\u0103 ieftin\u0103 cu creier, care pot fi exploata\u021bi foarte bine \u0219i care v\u00e2nd proiecte grozave \u00een str\u0103in\u0103tate.<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 Aici nu sunt de acord c\u0103 este exploatare, pentru c\u0103 un astfel de dezvoltator prime\u0219te bonusuri foarte bune. Da, nu va c\u00e2\u0219tiga ca cineva care tr\u0103ie\u0219te \u00een Marea Britanie, dar acolo cheltuielile de trai sunt mai mari.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 Deci, practic, doar folosi\u021bi pre\u021bul?<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 Nu trebuie s\u0103 uit\u0103m c\u0103 nu suntem mai ieftini dec\u00e2t indienii. Se pare c\u0103 putem oferi doar ceea ce indienii nu \u0219tiu s\u0103 fac\u0103, unde este necesar\u0103 o adev\u0103rat\u0103 expertiz\u0103, inginerie \u0219i tot felul de lucruri complexe pe care le facem mai bine.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\"Discut\u0103m<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 C\u00e2t cost\u0103 modelul vostru?<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 De la o jum\u0103tate de milion de lei \u0219i p\u00e2n\u0103 la infinit. Am ajuns la 10 milioane.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 C\u00e2t de mult poate economisi clientul dumneavoastr\u0103 cu un model de 10 milioane?<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 Miliarde. Proiectele de infrastructur\u0103 sunt foarte costisitoare.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 Cum \u00eei convinge\u021bi pe clien\u021bi c\u0103 merit\u0103 s\u0103 cumpere de la dumneavoastr\u0103 modelul?<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 Cea mai simpl\u0103 variant\u0103 pentru noi este atunci c\u00e2nd compania este con\u0219tient\u0103 de necesitatea simul\u0103rii prin modelare \u0219i doar ne angajeaz\u0103 ca executan\u021bi. Un alt nivel este atunci c\u00e2nd putem oferi singuri eficien\u021ba, care este, de fapt, consultan\u021b\u0103. \u00cen acest caz, simularea prin modelare este doar unul dintre instrumente, precum RPA, 1C sau un simplu regulament tehnic. \u00cen spatele instrumentului se afl\u0103 o idee, iar \u00een spatele ideii \u2013 o strategie.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

A\u0219adar, atunci c\u00e2nd comunic\u0103m la nivel de idei, uneori putem vinde, iar alteori nu \u2013 nu suntem \u00eenc\u0103 suficient de maturi din aceast\u0103 perspectiv\u0103. \u0218i aici ne \u00eendrept\u0103m c\u0103tre o industrie sau alta, pentru c\u0103 nu este posibil s\u0103 fim exper\u021bi \u00een toate.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 Veni\u021bi singuri la ei?<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2014 Acum, \u00een principal, ei vin la noi.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Dac\u0103 v-a pl\u0103cut, v\u0103 invit s\u0103 viziona\u021bi versiunea complet\u0103<\/a><\/noindex>. Ve\u021bi afla, de asemenea, cum se creeaz\u0103 gemenii digitali \u0219i ce reprezint\u0103 ace\u0219tia, cum s\u0103 \u00eenv\u0103\u021ba\u021bi s\u0103-i dezvolta\u021bi \u0219i ce leg\u0103tur\u0103 are acest lucru cu \u00eenv\u0103\u021barea automat\u0103 \u0219i \u0219tiin\u021ba.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Scrie\u021bi \u00een comentarii ce p\u0103rere ave\u021bi despre simularea prin modelare \u0219i despre cuvintele lui Serghei.<\/p>\n

Sursa: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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