{"id":55399,"date":"2020-01-19T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-01-18T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/slyorm-devops-luchshe-rabotayushhaya-sinitsa-za-3-dnya-chem-prekrasnyj-zhuravl-v-dalekom-budushhem"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:03:30","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:03:30","slug":"slyorm-devops-luchshe-rabotayushhaya-sinitsa-za-3-dnya-chem-prekrasnyj-zhuravl-v-dalekom-budushhem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/administrirovanie\/slyorm-devops-luchshe-rabotayushhaya-sinitsa-za-3-dnya-chem-prekrasnyj-zhuravl-v-dalekom-budushhem","title":{"rendered":"S\u043b\u0451\u0440\u043c DevOps \u2014 o z\u00e2n\u0103 care func\u021bioneaz\u0103 mai bine \u00een 3 zile dec\u00e2t un superb biciclist \u00een viitorul \u00eendep\u0103rtat.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cemi plac proiectele de o s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 \u0219i m\u0103 sperie cele de un an. \u00cen metodologiile Agile, mi-a pl\u0103cut foarte mult conceptul de MVP \u0219i de incrementare, este exact pe stilul meu: s\u0103 creez o parte func\u021bional\u0103, s\u0103 o implementez \u0219i s\u0103 m\u0103 duc mai departe.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u00cen schimb, transformarea DevOps, a\u0219a cum este discutat\u0103 \u00een c\u0103r\u021bi \u0219i la conferin\u021be, este exact un proiect de un an. Sau de ani.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Am construit cursul nostru de DevOps \u00een baza paradigmei \u201eMVP DevOps \u00eentr-un sprint\u201d \u0219i \u201epreg\u0103tirea pentru incrementare\u201d. A\u0219adar, pe scurt, \u201eastfel \u00eenc\u00e2t participantul s\u0103 poat\u0103 implementa imediat ceva la \u00eentoarcerea sa \u0219i s\u0103 ob\u021bin\u0103 beneficii\u201d.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>MVP DevOps: cursul include instrumente pentru procesele de baz\u0103 DevOps. Nu ne-am propus s\u0103 analiz\u0103m \u0219i s\u0103 compar\u0103m toate sistemele CI\/CD sau s\u0103 aprofund\u0103m abordarea Infrastructure as Code. Oferim un singur stiv\u0103 clar\u0103: Gitlab CI\/CD, Ansible, Terraform, Packer, Molecule, Prometheus, EFK. Se poate veni dup\u0103 cursuri, se poate construi infrastructura pentru un proiect pilot din materialele didactice \u0219i se poate lucra \u00een ea.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"S\u043b\u0451\u0440\u043c DevOps \u2014 o z\u00e2n\u0103 care func\u021bioneaz\u0103 mai bine \u00een 3 zile dec\u00e2t un superb biciclist \u00een viitorul \u00eendep\u0103rtat.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/a421d5a38fda6be2cbb2efcebf1aa7ef.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Preg\u0103tirea pentru incrementare: fiecare element \u00eel oferim cu mult\u0103 practic\u0103 \u0219i exemple. Se poate lua un instrument \u0219i, folosind planuri de studiu, se poate ocupa de implementarea acestuia. De exemplu, s\u0103 scrie\u021bi un playbook Ansible pentru desf\u0103\u0219urarea mediilor de dezvoltare sau s\u0103 conecta\u021bi un bot \u0219i s\u0103 administra\u021bi <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/server\/\"   title=\"serverul\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\">serverul<\/a> de pe telefon. Asta \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103, \u00een decurs de o s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103, se poate ob\u021bine un rezultat practic concret. Chiar dac\u0103 este infinit departe de transformarea DevOps a \u00eentregii companii, este acolo, este aici, func\u021bioneaz\u0103 \u0219i ofer\u0103 beneficii.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"temy-slyorma-devops\">Temele Scurm DevOps<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>Tema Nr. 1: Cele mai bune practici Git<\/strong> \u2014 vorbe\u0219te de la sine.<br \/>\n<strong>Tema Nr. 2: Lucrul cu aplica\u021bia din perspectiva dezvolt\u0103rii<\/strong> \u2014 inginerului \u00eei trebuie competen\u021be de administrator \u0219i dezvoltator, a\u0219a c\u0103 le explic\u0103m administratorilor despre dezvoltare.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>Tema Nr. 3: No\u021biunile de baz\u0103 CI\/CD<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Introducere \u00een automatizarea CI\/CD<\/li>\n<li>Bazele lucrului cu Gitlab CI<\/li>\n<li>Cele mai bune practici cu gitlab-runner<\/li>\n<li>Instrumentele bash, make, gradle ca parte a CI\/CD \u0219i nu numai<\/li>\n<li>Docker ca mod de a rezolva probleme CI<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>Tema Nr. 4: Gitlab CI\/CD \u00een produc\u021bie<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Concuren\u021ba la lansarea job-ului<\/li>\n<li>Controlul \u0219i limit\u0103rile execu\u021biei: only, when<\/li>\n<li>Lucrul cu artefactele<\/li>\n<li>Templaturile, includerile \u0219i microserviciile: simplific\u0103m desf\u0103\u0219urarea<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u00cei familiariz\u0103m pe studen\u021bi cu conceptele \u0219i no\u021biunile de baz\u0103 CI\/CD \u0219i cu instrumentele pentru implementarea CI\/CD. Ca rezultat, studentul va putea s\u0103 aleag\u0103 singur un \u0219ablon de proiectare CI\/CD \u0219i instrumentul adecvat pentru implementare.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Apoi, vom prezenta implementarea CI\/CD \u00een Gitlab \u0219i vom analiza configurarea, examin\u00e2nd modurile avansate de utilizare a Gitlab CI. Ca rezultat, studentul va putea s\u0103 configureze singur Gitlab CI pentru propriile proiecte.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Comparativ cu prima versiune a Slurm-ului DevOps, am redus teoria la jum\u0103tate (o or\u0103 pe subiect), am renun\u021bat la revizuirea tuturor sistemelor \u0219i ne-am concentrat doar pe Gitlab CI. Ne-am axat pe practic\u0103, ad\u0103ug\u00e2nd multe best practices.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>Tema nr. 5: Infrastructure as Code<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>IaC: abordarea infrastructurii ca pe un cod<\/li>\n<li>Furnizorii de cloud ca furnizori de infrastructur\u0103 <\/li>\n<li>Instrumente de ini\u021bializare a sistemelor, construirea imaginilor (packer) <\/li>\n<li>IaC folosind Terraform<\/li>\n<li>Stocarea configura\u021biilor, colaborarea, automatizarea aplica\u021biilor <\/li>\n<li>Practic\u0103 \u00een crearea playbook-urilor Ansible <\/li>\n<li>Idempotent\u0103, declara\u021bie <\/li>\n<li>IaC folosind Ansible<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Am redus partea teoretic\u0103 referitoare la UI \u0219i openstack cli, concentr\u00e2ndu-ne pe practic\u0103.<br \/>\nVom analiza dou\u0103 abord\u0103ri IaC, folosind aceea\u0219i aplica\u021bie, ar\u0103t\u00e2nd avantaje \u0219i dezavantaje ale fiec\u0103rei abord\u0103ri. Ca rezultat, studentul va \u00een\u021belege unde s\u0103 aplice fiecare abordare, \u0219i va putea lucra at\u00e2t cu Terraform, c\u00e2t \u0219i cu Ansible.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u00cen tema referitoare la Terraform, vom analiza practic munca \u00een echip\u0103 \u0219i stocarea st\u0103rii \u00eentr-o baz\u0103 de date. \u00cen colaborarea cu module, studentul va scrie \u0219i configura un modul, \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u00e2nd cum s\u0103 lucreze cu acesta: reutilizare, versionare. Vom ad\u0103uga \u0219i lucrul cu Consul, demonstr\u00e2nd \u00een ce situa\u021bii este necesar \u0219i cum s\u0103-l utiliz\u0103m corect. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>Tema nr. 6: Testarea infrastructurii<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Explor\u0103m de ce nu se scriu teste?<\/li>\n<li>Ce tipuri de teste exist\u0103 \u00een IaC?<\/li>\n<li>Analizatori statici, sunt ei chiar at\u00e2t de inutili?<\/li>\n<li>Testare unitate IaC prin exemplul ansible + molecule<\/li>\n<li>Testarea, ca parte a ci<\/li>\n<li>Teste pe steroizi sau cum s\u0103 nu a\u0219tept\u0103m 5 ore p\u00e2n\u0103 la finalizarea testelor pentru IaC<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Am redus partea teoretic\u0103, mai pu\u021bine pove\u0219ti despre Vagrant\/Molecule, mai mult\u0103 practic\u0103 \u0219i testare direct\u0103, cu un accent pe linters \u0219i lucrul cu acestea. Privim din perspectiva CI<br \/>\ncum s\u0103 facem testarea mai rapid\u0103. \u00cen practic\u0103, va fi:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>un linter personalizat, care verific\u0103 prezen\u021ba variabilelor obligatorii pentru gazd\u0103 \u00een func\u021bie de rol;<\/li>\n<li>ad\u0103ug\u0103m \u00een CI testarea doar acelor roluri care s-au modificat, ceea ce permite reducerea semnificativ\u0103 a timpului de execu\u021bie al testelor;<\/li>\n<li>ad\u0103ug\u0103m testarea scenariilor. Desf\u0103\u0219ur\u0103m aplica\u021bia \u00een \u00eentregime, ca test de integrare.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>Tema nr. 7: Monitorizarea infrastructurii cu Prometheus<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Cum s\u0103 construie\u0219ti un sistem de monitorizare s\u0103n\u0103tos<\/li>\n<li>Monitorizarea, ca instrument pentru analiza, eficien\u021ba dezvolt\u0103rii \u0219i stabilitatea codului, chiar \u00eenainte de produc\u021bie<\/li>\n<li>Configurarea prometheus + alertmanager + grafana<\/li>\n<li>Trecem de la monitorizarea resurselor, la monitorizarea aplica\u021biilor<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Vom vorbim mult despre monitorizarea microservicelor: ID-uri de requesturi, unelte pentru monitorizarea API-ului. Vor fi multe cele mai bune practici \u0219i mult\u0103 munc\u0103 independent\u0103.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Vom scrie propriul nostru exporter. Vom configura monitorizarea nu doar a infrastructurii de produc\u021bie \u0219i a aplica\u021biilor, ci \u0219i a build-urilor din Gitlab. Vom analiza statisticile testelor ratate. Vom vedea practic cum va ar\u0103ta monitorizarea f\u0103r\u0103 healthCheck \u0219i cu el.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>Tema \u21168. \u00cenregistrarea aplica\u021biei cu ELK<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Prezentare general\u0103 Elastic \u0219i instrumentele sale<\/li>\n<li>ELK\/Elastic Stack\/x-pack \u2014 ce este ce \u0219i care este diferen\u021ba?<\/li>\n<li>Ce probleme pot fi rezolvate cu ElasticSearch (c\u0103utare, stocare, caracteristici de scalare, flexibilitate \u00een configurare)<\/li>\n<li>Monitorizarea infrastructurii (x-pack)<\/li>\n<li>Jurnalele containerelor \u0219i aplica\u021biilor (x-pack)<\/li>\n<li>\u00cenregistrarea pe baza aplica\u021biei noastre<\/li>\n<li>Practicile de lucru cu Kibana<\/li>\n<li>Open Distro for Elasticsearch de la Amazon<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Tema a fost complet reworked, este condus\u0103 de Eduard Medvedev, mul\u021bi l-au v\u0103zut la webinarul despre DevOps \u0219i SRE. El va povesti \u0219i va ar\u0103ta cele mai bune practici de lucru cu EFK utiliz\u00e2nd un exemplu de aplica\u021bie educa\u021bional\u0103. Vor fi practici cu Kibana.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>Tema \u21169: Automatizarea infrastructurii cu ChatOps<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>DevOps \u0219i ChatOps<\/li>\n<li>ChatOps: puncte forte<\/li>\n<li>Slack \u0219i alternativele<\/li>\n<li>Boti pentru ChatOps<\/li>\n<li>Hubot \u0219i alternativele<\/li>\n<li>Securitate<\/li>\n<li>Testare<\/li>\n<li>Cele mai bune \u0219i cele mai proaste practici<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u00cen ChatOps s-au ad\u0103ugat practica autentific\u0103rii cu separarea drepturilor, confirmarea ac\u021biunilor de c\u0103tre un alt utilizator, teoria \u0219i practica alternativei Slack sub form\u0103 de Mattermost, teoria testelor unitare \u0219i de integrare pentru bot.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Slurm DevOps \u00eencepe pe 30 ianuarie. Pre\u021bul \u2014 30.000.<br \/>\nPentru cei care au citit p\u00e2n\u0103 la cap\u0103t, reducere de 15% la cursul de DevOps cu codul promo\u021bional habrapost.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u00cenregistrare <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/slurm.io\/devops\/?utm_source=habr%5E_%5Eamp%5E_%5Eutm_medium=post%5E_%5Eamp%5E_%5Eutm_campaign=devops%5E_%5Eamp%5E_%5Eutm_content=post_16-01-2020%5E_%5Eamp%5E_%5Eutm_term=skobin\">aici<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Voi fi \u00eenc\u00e2ntat s\u0103 v\u0103 v\u0103d la Slurm-uri!<\/p>\n<p>Sursa: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/484302\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u042f \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043b\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044e, \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0443\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u044b \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0434. \u0412 \u0430\u0434\u0436\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0435 \u043c\u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0446\u0438\u044f MVP \u0438 \u0438\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0435: \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0443\u0441\u043e\u043a, \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c DevOps-\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0435\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0432 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0434. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":55400,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-55399","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u042f \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043b\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044e, \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0443\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u044b \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0434.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri 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