{"id":56209,"date":"2020-02-07T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-02-06T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/tty-terminal-kotoryj-ne-dlya-domashnego-ispolzovaniya"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:04:26","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:04:26","slug":"tty-terminal-kotoryj-ne-dlya-domashnego-ispolzovaniya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/administrirovanie\/tty-terminal-kotoryj-ne-dlya-domashnego-ispolzovaniya","title":{"rendered":"TTY - un terminal care nu este destinat utiliz\u0103rii acas\u0103","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"TTY - un terminal care nu este destinat utiliz\u0103rii acas\u0103\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/c1c0afe0522c210d350a1cf8d3855119.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Este posibil s\u0103 supravie\u021buie\u0219ti folosind doar capacit\u0103\u021bile TTY? Aici este povestea mea scurt\u0103 despre cum m-am luptat cu TTY, dorind s\u0103 ob\u021bin o func\u021bionare normal\u0103.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h1 id=\"predystoriya\">Povestea<\/h1>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Recent, pe laptopul meu mai vechi, placa video a cedat. A cedat at\u00e2t de r\u0103u, \u00eenc\u00e2t nu am putut lansa nici m\u0103car programul de instalare a vreunei sisteme de operare. Windows-ul cr\u0103pa cu erori la instalarea driverelor de baz\u0103. Instalarea Linux-ului nu voia s\u0103 porneasc\u0103 deloc, chiar \u0219i dup\u0103 ce ad\u0103ugam \u00een configura\u021bia de pornire nouveau.modeset=0.<br \/>\nNu voiam s\u0103 cump\u0103r un nou GPU pentru un laptop care \u0219i-a terminat serviciul. Cu toate acestea, ca adev\u0103rat fan Linux, am \u00eenceput s\u0103 m\u0103 g\u00e2ndesc: \u201eNu ar fi mai bine s\u0103 transform laptopul \u00eentr-un computer terminal, la fel cum se f\u0103cea \u00een anii '80?\u201d. A\u0219a a ap\u0103rut ideea de a nu instala xserver pe Linux, ci de a \u00eencerca s\u0103 tr\u0103iesc doar cu TTY (consola pur\u0103).<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h1 id=\"pervye-trudnosti\">Primele dificult\u0103\u021bi<\/h1>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pe PC-ul meu, am instalat <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.archlinux.org\/\">Arch Linux<\/a><\/noindex>. \u00cemi place aceast\u0103 distribu\u021bie pentru c\u0103 o po\u021bi configura exact cum \u00ee\u021bi dore\u0219ti (iar instalarea s-a realizat din consol\u0103, ceea ce mi-a fost de ajutor). Urm\u00e2nd manualul, am instalat sistemul, ca de obicei. Acum voiam s\u0103 v\u0103d ce poate face consola. Intuiam c\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 xserver mi-am restr\u00e2ns multe posibilit\u0103\u021bi. Am vrut s\u0103 v\u0103d dac\u0103 consola pur\u0103 poate reda un video sau afi\u0219a o fotografie (a\u0219a cum o face w3m \u00een consol\u0103), \u00eens\u0103 toate \u00eencerc\u0103rile au fost \u00een zadar. Apoi am \u00eenceput s\u0103 \u00eencerc browsere \u0219i am dat peste problema clipboard-ului: nu era de niciun folos f\u0103r\u0103 GUI. Nu pot selecta nimic, clipboard-ul este gol. Exist\u0103, desigur, un clipboard intern (cum este \u00een Vim), dar este intern, \u00eemi amintesc c\u0103 \u00een configura\u021biile lui Vim pot specifica utilizarea unui clipboard extern, dar aici m\u0103 \u00eentreb: de ce? M\u0103 sim\u021beam ca \u00eentr-o colivie. Nu pot viziona video, deoarece am nevoie de xserver, alsa-mixer de asemenea nu functioneaz\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 el, prin urmare nu am sunet, browserele sunt inutile, toate: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/w3m.sourceforge.net\/\">w3m<\/a><\/noindex> (care nu \u00eenc\u0103rca imagini), <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/elinks.or.cz\/\">elinks<\/a><\/noindex> (care era util, dar totu\u0219i absolut inutil), <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.brow.sh\/\">browsh<\/a><\/noindex> (care procesa toate imaginile \u0219i le transmitea terminalului ca imagini ASCII, dar nu puteai nici m\u0103car s\u0103 accesezi un link). Trecuse ziua, iar eu aveam \u00een m\u00e2ini \u201eo bucat\u0103\u201d cu care puteam doar s\u0103 compilez cod. Cel mult ceea ce puteam face era s\u0103 caut ajutor pentru cod pe how2 \u0219i s\u0103 navighez folosind ddgr.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h1 id=\"tak-est-li-vyhod\">Deci, exist\u0103 vreo ie\u0219ire?<\/h1>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Aici \u00eencep s\u0103 m\u0103 g\u00e2ndesc c\u0103 am luat-o pe o cale gre\u0219it\u0103. Este mai u\u0219or s\u0103 cump\u0103r un GPU dec\u00e2t s\u0103 m\u0103 tot \u00eempotmolesc cu o solu\u021bie incomplet\u0103. Nu c\u0103 a\u0219 putea spune c\u0103 Linux cu doar TTY este complet inutil, nu, poate c\u0103 pentru administratorii de server ar putea fi potrivit, dar scopul meu ini\u021bial era s\u0103 fac din TTY \u201eun lucru frumos\u201d, iar \u00een rezultat a ie\u0219it un monstru Frankenstein, care avea crampe atunci c\u00e2nd venea vorba de opera\u021biuni cu GUI. \u00cemi doream mai mult, a\u0219a c\u0103 am renun\u021bat complet la ideea de a reda materiale video \u0219i audio, \u0219i am \u00eenceput s\u0103 m\u0103 g\u00e2ndesc cum s\u0103 fac un server SSH, cu care s\u0103 m\u0103 pot distra fiind departe de cas\u0103.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"chego-imenno-ya-hotel\">Ce anume voiam?<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lucrul cu codul: Vim, NeoVim, lintere, debuggere, interpretoare, compilatoare \u0219i tot restul<\/li>\n<li>Posibilitatea de a naviga lini\u0219tit pe internet<\/li>\n<li>Software pentru institu\u021bie (cel pu\u021bin c\u00e2teva programe care pot reda un document online cu markup .md)<\/li>\n<li>Confort<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h1 id=\"vyzhivanie\">Supravie\u021buire<\/h1>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Am instalat \u0219i configurat rapid Vim, Nvim \u0219i toate celelalte pl\u0103ceri ale unui programator lene\u0219. Totu\u0219i, posibilitatea de a naviga pe internet mi-a creat dificult\u0103\u021bi (<em>cine s-ar fi g\u00e2ndit<\/em>), deoarece \u00eenc\u0103 nu pot copia linkuri. Apoi m-am g\u00e2ndit c\u0103 a naviga pe internet din consol\u0103 <em>este cel pu\u021bin imprudent<\/em> \u0219i am \u00eenceput s\u0103 caut o alternativ\u0103. Feederii RSS pentru consol\u0103 au fost greu de g\u0103sit, dar totu\u0219i am g\u0103sit c\u00e2\u021biva \u0219i am \u00eenceput s\u0103-i folosesc, bucur\u00e2ndu-m\u0103 de fluxul de informa\u021bii.<br \/>\nAcum despre software-ul pentru lucrul cu documente. Aici a trebuit s\u0103 m\u0103 str\u0103duiesc \u0219i s\u0103 scriu un script pentru ca fi\u0219ierul meu .md s\u0103 fie redat f\u0103r\u0103 un GPU (<em>ironie<\/em>). Pentru asta, am folosit un serviciu pentru vizualizarea \u0219i distribuirea fi\u0219ierelor .md, iar apoi, cu ajutorul unui alt serviciu de procesare a paginilor web, am f\u0103cut documente \u00een format .pdf. Problema a fost rezolvat\u0103.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Am avut \u0219i c\u00e2teva probleme cu confortul. Terminalul nu suport\u0103 toate culorile corect, rezult\u00e2nd ceva de genul <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/unix.stackexchange.com\/questions\/111296\/linux-tty-colours\">aceasta<\/a><\/noindex>. De asemenea, \u00eentrebarea privind panourile (sau mai exact lipsa acestora) s-a rezolvat rapid cu tmux. Am ales managerul de fi\u0219iere Ranger + fzf \u0219i ripgrep pentru c\u0103ut\u0103ri rapide. Browserul ales a fost elinks (propor\u021bional, deoarece se poate naviga folosind cifrele). Au mai fost \u0219i alte momente, dar toate s-au rezolvat rapid cu un anumit set de utilitare.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h1 id=\"rezultat\">Rezultatul<\/h1>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Nu a meritat timpul pierdut. V\u0103 avertizez din start, dac\u0103 vre\u021bi s\u0103 trece\u021bi pentru o vreme la console, fi\u021bi preg\u0103ti\u021bi s\u0103 ave\u021bi parte de dificult\u0103\u021bi. Totu\u0219i, \u00een final am ob\u021binut un sistem func\u021bional, cu un manager de fi\u0219iere, panouri, un browser, editoare \u0219i compilatoare. \u00cen general, nu e r\u0103u, dar dup\u0103 o s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103, pur \u0219i simplu nu am mai rezistat \u0219i am cump\u0103rat un PC nou. Asta e tot. \u00cemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219i\u021bi-v\u0103 experien\u021bele, ar fi interesant s\u0103 aflu ce a\u021bi f\u0103cut c\u00e2nd a\u021bi fost \u00een modul console-only pentru o vreme.<\/p>\n<p>Sursa: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/487188\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 TTY? \u0422\u0443\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043e \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u044f \u043c\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0441 TTY, \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u041d\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e, \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0451\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044c\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043d\u043e\u0443\u0442\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430. \u0414\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0430, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044f \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0449\u0438\u043a \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u041e\u0421. Windows \u0432\u044b\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0441 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432. \u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 Linux \u0432\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":56210,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-56209","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0412\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0438 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