{"id":74853,"date":"2020-03-21T08:42:40","date_gmt":"2020-03-21T05:42:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/linux-kernel-5-6-chto-zhdat-v-novoj-versii-yadra"},"modified":"2020-03-21T08:42:40","modified_gmt":"2020-03-21T05:42:40","slug":"linux-kernel-5-6-chto-zhdat-v-novoj-versii-yadra","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/administrirovanie\/linux-kernel-5-6-chto-zhdat-v-novoj-versii-yadra","title":{"rendered":"Kernelul Linux 5.6 \u2014 ce s\u0103 a\u0219tep\u021bi de la noua versiune a nucleului","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Lansarea Linux kernel 5.6 este programat\u0103 pentru sf\u00e2r\u0219itul lunii martie. \u00cen materialul nostru de ast\u0103zi discut\u0103m despre schimb\u0103rile imminente \u2014 noul sistem de fi\u0219iere, protocolul WireGuard \u0219i actualiz\u0103rile driverelor.<\/p>\n

\"Kernelul<\/a><\/noindex><\/a><\/noindex>
\nFotografie \u2014 lucas huffman<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 Unsplash<\/i><\/p>\n

A\u0219teptatul protocol VPN<\/h2>\n

\nDavid Miller, responsabil de subsistemul de re\u021bea Linux, a decis activat<\/a><\/noindex> s\u0103 integreze WireGuard \u00een nucleu. Acesta este un tunel VPN dezvoltat de compania de securitate Edge Security. Ideea am discutat<\/a><\/noindex> a ap\u0103rut acum doi ani \u2014 atunci a fost a sus\u021binut<\/a><\/noindex> \u00een discu\u021bie chiar de Linus Torvalds \u2014 dar implementarea a fost am\u00e2nat\u0103. Proiectul era puternic legat de func\u021biile criptografice ale Edge Security. Dar cu \u0219ase luni \u00een urm\u0103, autorii noului protocol au f\u0103cut un compromis \u0219i au trecut<\/a><\/noindex> la Crypto API suportat de nucleu.<\/p>\n

Exist\u0103 o p\u0103rere<\/a><\/noindex>, ceea ce sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 WireGuard ar putea \u00eenlocui OpenVPN. Conform testele<\/a><\/noindex>, l\u0103\u021bimea de band\u0103 a noului protocol este de patru ori mai mare dec\u00e2t cea a OpenVPN: 1011 Mbps fa\u021b\u0103 de 258 Mbps. Dar trebuie men\u021bionat c\u0103 trecerea la Crypto API standard ar putea afecta rezultatele.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\nO alt\u0103 caracteristic\u0103 a WireGuard este c\u0103 nu \u00eentrerupe conexiunea<\/a><\/noindex>, chiar dac\u0103 utilizatorul prime\u0219te o nou\u0103 adres\u0103 IP, \u0219i rezolv\u0103 autonom problemele de rutare. \u00cen acest scop, fiec\u0103rui interfa\u021b\u0103 de re\u021bea i se asociaz\u0103 o cheie privat\u0103. Aceasta este generat\u0103 cu ajutorul protocolul Diffie-Hellman<\/a><\/noindex>. Criptarea \u00een sine este construit<\/a><\/noindex> se bazeaz\u0103 pe ChaCha20 \u0219i algoritmul Poly1305<\/a><\/noindex>. Acestea sunt considerate versiuni \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bite ale AES-256-CTR \u0219i HMAC<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

Noul sistem de fi\u0219iere<\/h2>\n

\nAcest sistem a devenit<\/a><\/noindex> Zonefs, a fost prezentat de inginerii de la Western Digital. Este destinat lucrului cu dispozitive de stocare zonate (zoned storage<\/a><\/noindex>). Acest lucru se refer\u0103 la unit\u0103\u021bi de stocare bloc, ale c\u0103ror spa\u021bii adresabile sunt divizate \u00een zone (de exemplu, NVMe SSD). Sistemul de fi\u0219iere permite procesarea fiec\u0103rei zone ca fi\u0219ier \u2014 adic\u0103 utilizarea de API-uri speciale \u00een loc de ioctl<\/a><\/noindex> pentru a accesa stocarea. O abordare similar\u0103 este folosit\u0103 \u00een bazele de date RocksDB \u0219i LevelDB. Acest lucru permite reducerea costurilor de portare a codului, ini\u021bial optimizat pentru lucrul cu fi\u0219iere.<\/p>\n

\u00cen Linux exist\u0103 deja o func\u021bie pentru interac\u021biunea cu dispozitivele bloc. \u00cen nucleul versiunii 4.13 a ap\u0103rut<\/a><\/noindex> modulul dm-zoned. Acesta reprezint\u0103 un dispozitiv de stocare zonat ca un dispozitiv bloc obi\u0219nuit, iar Zonefs va deveni o alternativ\u0103.<\/p>\n

\"Kernelul
\nFotografie \u2014 Suzan Kir\u0161i\u0107<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 Unsplash<\/i><\/p>\n

Pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 implementarea noului sistem de fi\u0219iere, dezvoltatorii kernelului Linux au adus modific\u0103ri celor existente. Au fost au fost ad\u0103ugate<\/a><\/noindex> mecanisme de compresie LZO<\/a><\/noindex>\/LZ4<\/a><\/noindex> pentru F2FS \u2014 suportul lor va r\u0103m\u00e2ne experimental. Va trebui activat manual \u00een timpul mont\u0103rii parti\u021biei (op\u021biunea compress_algorithm<\/i>). De asemenea, a fost realizat un upgrade va primi<\/a><\/noindex> EXT4 \u2014 este legat de opera\u021biunile de intrare\/ie\u0219ire directe. Pachetul de actualiz\u0103ri a fost prezentat de inginerul IBM Ritesh Harjan. Potrivit lui<\/a><\/noindex>, \u00een unele cazuri, patch-ul poate cre\u0219te performan\u021ba sistemului de fi\u0219iere cu 140%.<\/p>\n

Actualiz\u0103rile driverelor<\/h2>\n

\nUn nou driver va ap\u0103rea \u00een kernel cpuidle_cooling<\/i>. Instalarea sa o sarcin\u0103<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 r\u0103ce\u0219te CPU\/SoC, \u00eencorpor\u00e2nd cicluri de idle \u00een timpul func\u021bion\u0103rii. \u00centr-un anumit sens, este similar cu driverul PowerClamp pentru procesoarele Intel, dar nu este legat de o anumit\u0103 arhitectur\u0103. Sistemul au lansat<\/a><\/noindex> este dezvoltat de speciali\u0219ti din Linaro, care se ocup\u0103 cu optimizarea software-ului cu surs\u0103 deschis\u0103 pentru platformele ARM.<\/p>\n

De asemenea, va fi ad\u0103ugat\u0103<\/a><\/noindex> support for the GeForce 20 series (TU10x). Driverul corespunz\u0103tor a fost dezvoltat de Ben Skeggs de la proiectul Nouveau. Din p\u0103cate, GeForce 16 (TU11x) r\u0103m\u00e2n \u201eexclus\u201d pentru moment. Nvidia nu a furnizat imaginile firmware-ului necesare pentru ini\u021bializarea pl\u0103cii. De asemenea, noile pl\u0103ci grafice sub Linux pot \u00eent\u00e2mpina probleme de performan\u021b\u0103 din cauza absen\u021bei reclocking-ului \u2014 gestionarea automat\u0103 a frecven\u021bei. \u00cen trecut, s-a stabilit c\u0103 driverele Nouveau pot func\u021biona<\/a><\/noindex> cu 20-30% mai lent dec\u00e2t originale.<\/p>\n

\"Kernelul
\nFotografie \u2014 Andrew Abbate<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 Unsplash<\/i><\/p>\n

De asemenea, noul kernel va sus\u021bine<\/a><\/noindex> USB4. Modific\u0103rile corespunz\u0103toare au propus<\/a><\/noindex> sunt realizate de inginerii de la Intel. Ace\u0219tia au modificat baza de cod existent\u0103 asociat\u0103 cu Thunderbolt \u2014 aproximativ dou\u0103 mii de linii.<\/p>\n

Desigur, acestea nu sunt toate actualiz\u0103rile care vor veni \u00een kernel \u2014 de exemplu, putem a\u0219tepta<\/a><\/noindex> suport pentru periferice \u0219i dispozitive de re\u021bea suplimentare. De asemenea, kernelul 5.6 va fi primul kernel pe 32 de bi\u021bi \u00een care problema anului 2038 va fi rezolvat\u0103.<\/a><\/noindex> . La sf\u00e2r\u0219itul lunii ianuarie, inginerii<\/a><\/noindex>au adus modific\u0103rile finale la nfsd, xfs, alsa \u0219i v4l2. Ei sper\u0103 c\u0103 \u00een cei optsprezece ani r\u0103ma\u0219i, utilizatorii \u0219i dezvoltatorii de distribu\u021bii vor reu\u0219i s\u0103 treac\u0103 la kernel 5.6 (sau versiunile sale ulterioare). Materiale legate din blogul corporativ 1cloud.ru:<\/a><\/noindex> Analiz\u0103m recomand\u0103rile privind protec\u021bia datelor personale \u0219i Securitatea Informa\u021biei \u2014 la ce ar trebui s\u0103 fim aten\u021bi<\/p>\n

Pentru prima dat\u0103, un foton a fost teletransportat de pe un cip pe altul.<\/b><\/p>\n

\"Kernelul Majoritatea supercomputerelor func\u021bioneaz\u0103 pe Linux \u2014 discut\u0103m despre situa\u021bie<\/a><\/noindex>
\n\"Kernelul Cum s\u0103 securizezi sistemul Linux: 10 sfaturi<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Despre ce scriem pe Habr:<\/b><\/p>\n

\"Kernelul Cum sectorul IT ajut\u0103 lumea s\u0103 arunce mai pu\u021bin\u0103 m\u00e2ncare.<\/a><\/noindex>
\n\"Kernelul Lansarea Linux kernel 5.6 este planificat\u0103 pentru sf\u00e2r\u0219itul lunii martie.<\/a><\/noindex>
\n\"Kernelul \ud83e\udd47 Linux kernel 5.6 \u2014 ce s\u0103 a\u0219tep\u021bi de la noua versiune a kernelului | ProHoster<\/a><\/noindex><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Sursa: habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0412\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434 Linux kernel 5.6 \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430. \u0412 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f\u0448\u043d\u0435\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0433\u0440\u044f\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u2014 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b WireGuard \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e \u2014 lucas huffman \u2014 Unsplash \u0414\u043e\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 VPN-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b \u0414\u044d\u0432\u0438\u0434 \u041c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440 (David Miller), \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 Linux, \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0438\u043b \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 WireGuard. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u2014 VPN-\u0442\u0443\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432 \u0418\u0411-\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 Edge Security. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":74854,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-74853","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Linux kernel 5.6 \u2014 ce s\u0103 a\u0219tep\u021bi de la noua versiune a kernelului | ProHoster","description":"\ud83e\udd47Linux kernel 5.6 \u2014 ce s\u0103 a\u0219tep\u021bi de la noua versiune a kernelului | 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