{"id":79720,"date":"2020-04-29T19:42:33","date_gmt":"2020-04-29T17:42:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/znachitelnoe-obnovlenie-globalnoj-deczentralizovannoj-fajlovoj-sistemy-ipfs-0-5"},"modified":"2020-04-29T19:42:33","modified_gmt":"2020-04-29T17:42:33","slug":"znachitelnoe-obnovlenie-globalnoj-deczentralizovannoj-fajlovoj-sistemy-ipfs-0-5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/znachitelnoe-obnovlenie-globalnoj-deczentralizovannoj-fajlovoj-sistemy-ipfs-0-5","title":{"rendered":"Actualizare semnificativ\u0103 a sistemului de fi\u0219iere descentralizat global IPFS 0.5","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Prezentat<\/a><\/noindex> lansare nou\u0103 a unui sistem de fi\u0219iere descentralizat IPFS 0.5<\/a><\/noindex> (InterPlanetary File System), care formeaz\u0103 un depozit global de fi\u0219iere versionate, desf\u0103\u0219urat sub forma unei re\u021bele P2P, constituit\u0103 din sistemele participan\u021bilor. IPFS combin\u0103 idei anterior implementate \u00een astfel de sisteme ca Git, BitTorrent, Kademlia, SFS \u0219i Web, \u0219i seam\u0103n\u0103 cu un unic \u201eroi\u201d BitTorrent (peerele care particip\u0103 la distribu\u021bie), schimb\u00e2nd obiecte Git. Pentru accesul la FS global IPFS, se poate folosi protocolul HTTP sau se poate monta un FS virtual \/ipfs cu ajutorul modulului FUSE. Codul implement\u0103rii standard este scris \u00een limbajul Go \u0219i se r\u0103sp\u00e2nde\u0219te<\/a><\/noindex> sub licen\u021bele Apache 2.0 \u0219i MIT. \u00cen plus se dezvolt\u0103<\/a><\/noindex> implementarea protocolului IPFS \u00een JavaScript, care poate func\u021biona \u00een browser.<\/p>\n

Cheie caracteristic\u0103<\/a><\/noindex> IPFS este adresarea pe baza con\u021binutului, unde linkul pentru accesarea unui fi\u0219ier este direct legat de con\u021binutul s\u0103u (inclusiv un hash criptografic al con\u021binutului). IPFS are suport \u00eencorporat pentru versionare. Adresa unui fi\u0219ier nu poate fi redenumit\u0103 arbitrar, aceasta poate fi modificat\u0103 doar dup\u0103 schimbarea con\u021binutului. De asemenea, nu se poate modifica un fi\u0219ier f\u0103r\u0103 a schimba adresa (variantele anterioare r\u0103m\u00e2n la aceea\u0219i adres\u0103, iar noul fi\u0219ier va fi disponibil printr-o alt\u0103 adres\u0103, deoarece hash-ul con\u021binutului fi\u0219ierului se va schimba). Av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere c\u0103 identificatorul fi\u0219ierului se schimb\u0103 la fiecare modificare, pentru a evita necesitatea de a transmite mereu linkuri noi, sunt furnizate servicii pentru a lega adrese permanente, care iau \u00een considerare diferitele versiuni ale fi\u0219ierului (IPNS<\/a><\/noindex>), sau pentru a fixa un alias similar cu FS-urile tradi\u021bionale \u0219i DNS (MFS<\/a><\/noindex> (Sistem de Fi\u0219iere Mutable) \u0219i DNSLink<\/a><\/noindex>).<\/p>\n

Pe modelul BitTorrent, datele sunt stocate direct pe sistemele participan\u021bilor, care schimb\u0103 informa\u021bii \u00een mod P2P, f\u0103r\u0103 a fi legate de noduri centralizate. C\u00e2nd este necesar s\u0103 se ob\u021bin\u0103 un fi\u0219ier cu un anumit con\u021binut, sistemul g\u0103se\u0219te participan\u021bii care au acel fi\u0219ier \u0219i \u00eel ofer\u0103 din sistemele lor \u00een buc\u0103\u021bi, pe mai multe fluxuri. Dup\u0103 ce un participant a desc\u0103rcat fi\u0219ierul pe sistemul s\u0103u, devine automat unul dintre nodurile de distribu\u021bie a acestuia. Pentru a determina participan\u021bii din re\u021bea pe nodurile c\u0103rora exist\u0103 con\u021binutul de interes se folose\u0219te<\/a><\/noindex> se folose\u0219te o tabel\u0103 de hash distribuit\u0103 (DHT<\/a><\/noindex>). <\/p>\n

\"Actualizare<\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n

Practic, IPFS poate fi v\u0103zut ca o re\u00eencarnare distribuit\u0103 a Web-ului cu adresare pe baza con\u021binutului, nu a loca\u021biei \u0219i numelui arbitrar. Pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 stocarea fi\u0219ierelor \u0219i schimbul de date, IPFS poate fi utilizat ca baz\u0103 pentru a crea noi servicii, de exemplu, pentru organizarea func\u021bion\u0103rii site-urilor nelegate de servere sau pentru crearea de aplica\u021bii distribuite. aplica\u021bii<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

IPFS ajut\u0103 la rezolvarea unor probleme precum fiabilitatea stoc\u0103rii (dac\u0103 sursa ini\u021bial\u0103 este nefunc\u021bional\u0103, fi\u0219ierul poate fi desc\u0103rcat din sistemele altor utilizatori), combaterea cenzurii con\u021binutului (pentru a bloca va trebui s\u0103 blochezi toate sistemele utilizatorilor care de\u021bin o copie a datelor) \u0219i organizarea accesului \u00een lipsa unei conexiuni directe la internet sau \u00een cazul unei calit\u0103\u021bi slabe a canalului de comunicare (datele pot fi desc\u0103rcate prin intermediul participan\u021bilor cei mai apropia\u021bi \u00een re\u021beaua local\u0103).<\/p>\n

\u00cen versiunea IPFS 0.5<\/a><\/noindex> performan\u021ba \u0219i fiabilitatea opera\u021biunilor au fost semnificativ \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bite. Re\u021beaua public\u0103 bazat\u0103 pe IPFS a dep\u0103\u0219it 100.000 de noduri, iar modific\u0103rile din IPFS 0.5 reflect\u0103 adaptarea protocolului pentru a func\u021biona \u00een astfel de condi\u021bii. Optimiz\u0103rile s-au concentrat \u00een principal pe \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea mecanismelor de rutare a con\u021binutului, responsabile de c\u0103utare, anun\u021bare \u0219i extragerea datelor, precum \u0219i pe cre\u0219terea eficien\u021bei implement\u0103rii. tabel hash distribuit<\/a><\/noindex> (DHT), care ofer\u0103 informa\u021bii despre nodurile care de\u021bin datele dorite. Codul asociat DHT a fost practic ref\u0103cut complet, ceea ce a accelerat semnificativ opera\u021biunile de c\u0103utare a con\u021binutului \u0219i de determinare a \u00eenregistr\u0103rilor IPNS.<\/p>\n

\u00cen special, viteza de execu\u021bie a opera\u021biunilor de ad\u0103ugare a datelor a crescut de 2 ori, anun\u021barea de con\u021binut nou \u00een re\u021bea cu 2,5 ori,
\nextragerea datelor de 2 p\u00e2n\u0103 la 5 ori, iar c\u0103utarea con\u021binutului de 2 p\u00e2n\u0103 la 6 ori.
\nMecanismele revizuite de rutare \u0219i trimitere a anun\u021burilor au permis accelerarea func\u021bion\u0103rii re\u021belei de 2-3 ori prin utilizarea mai eficient\u0103 a capacit\u0103\u021bii de transmisie \u0219i a transferului de trafic \u00een fundal. \u00cen urm\u0103toarea versiune este planificat\u0103 implementarea transportului bazat pe protocolul QUIC, ceea ce va permite ob\u021binerea unei performan\u021be \u0219i mai mari prin reducerea laten\u021belor. <\/p>\n

Func\u021bionarea sistemului IPNS (Inter-Planetary Name System) a fost accelerat\u0103 \u0219i fiabilitatea acestuia a crescut, fiind utilizat pentru crearea de linkuri permanente c\u0103tre con\u021binutul \u00een schimbare. Noua transport experimental pubsub a permis accelerarea livr\u0103rii \u00eenregistr\u0103rilor IPNS de 30-40 de ori \u00een timpul test\u0103rii \u00eentr-o re\u021bea cu o mie de noduri (pentru experimente a fost dezvoltat un simulator de re\u021bea P2P<\/a><\/noindex>). Performan\u021ba stratului a fost crescut\u0103 de aproximativ dou\u0103 ori.
\nBadger, utilizat pentru interac\u021biunea cu sistemul de operare. Datorit\u0103 suportului pentru opera\u021biuni de scriere asincron\u0103, Badger func\u021bioneaz\u0103 acum de 25 de ori mai rapid dec\u00e2t vechea interfa\u021b\u0103 flatfs. Cre\u0219terea performan\u021bei a afectat \u0219i mecanismul Bitswap<\/a><\/noindex>, utilizat pentru transferul de fi\u0219iere \u00eentre noduri.<\/p>\n

\"Actualizare<\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n

Printre \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birile func\u021bionale se men\u021bioneaz\u0103 utilizarea TLS pentru criptarea conexiunilor \u00eentre clien\u021bi \u0219i servere. A ap\u0103rut suportul pentru subdomenii \u00een gateway-ul HTTP \u2014 dezvoltatorii pot g\u0103zdui aplica\u021bii descentralizate (dapps) \u0219i con\u021binut web \u00een subdomenii izolate, care pot fi folosite cu adrese hash, IPNS, DNSLink, ENS etc. A fost ad\u0103ugat un nou spa\u021biu de nume \/p2p, \u00een care au fost mutate datele legate de adresele peer-ilor (\/ipfs\/peer_id \u2192 \/p2p\/peer_id). A fost ad\u0103ugat suport pentru linkuri \u201e.eth\u201d bazate pe blockchain, ceea ce va extinde utilizarea IPFS \u00een aplica\u021biile distribuite.<\/p>\n

Startup-ul Protocol Labs, care sus\u021bine dezvoltarea IPFS, dezvolt\u0103 de asemenea proiectul FileCoin<\/a><\/noindex>, care este o suprastructur\u0103 peste IPFS. Dac\u0103 IPFS permite participan\u021bilor s\u0103 salveze, s\u0103 solicite \u0219i s\u0103 transfere date \u00eentre ei, atunci Filecoin se dezvolt\u0103 ca o platform\u0103 bazat\u0103 pe tehnologia blockchain pentru stocare permanent\u0103. Filecoin ofer\u0103 posibilitatea utilizatorilor cu spa\u021biu de stocare neutilizat s\u0103-l ofere re\u021belei pentru o recompens\u0103, iar utilizatorilor care au nevoie de spa\u021biu de stocare, s\u0103-l cumpere. Dac\u0103 nevoia de spa\u021biu dispare, utilizatorul poate s\u0103-l v\u00e2nd\u0103. Astfel se formeaz\u0103 o pia\u021b\u0103 a spa\u021biului de stocare, \u00een care pl\u0103\u021bile se fac \u00een token-uri Filecoin<\/a><\/noindex>, generate prin minerit.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Sursa: opennet.ro<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0434\u0435\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b IPFS 0.5 (InterPlanetary File System), \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0433\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0451\u0440\u043d\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0435 \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 P2P-\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438, \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432. IPFS \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0438, \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445, \u043a\u0430\u043a Git, BitTorrent, Kademlia, SFS \u0438 Web, \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044b\u0439 «\u0440\u043e\u0439» BitTorrent (\u043f\u0438\u0440\u044b, \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0435), \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439\u0441\u044f Git-\u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043a \u0433\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0424\u0421 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":79721,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-79720","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Actualizare semnificativ\u0103 a sistemului de fi\u0219iere descentralizat global IPFS 0.5 | ProHoster","description":"A fost lansat\u0103 o nou\u0103 versiune a sistemului de fi\u0219iere descentralizat 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