{"id":83379,"date":"2020-05-30T19:42:20","date_gmt":"2020-05-30T17:42:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/usb-over-ip-v-domashnih-usloviyah"},"modified":"2020-05-30T19:42:20","modified_gmt":"2020-05-30T17:42:20","slug":"usb-over-ip-v-domashnih-usloviyah","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/administrirovanie\/usb-over-ip-v-domashnih-usloviyah","title":{"rendered":"USB over IP acas\u0103","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Uneori, te po\u021bi sim\u021bi tentat s\u0103 lucrezi cu un dispozitiv conectat prin USB f\u0103r\u0103 s\u0103-l \u021bii pe mas\u0103 l\u00e2ng\u0103 laptop. Dispozitivul meu este un gravator chinezesc cu laser de 500 mW, care poate fi destul de nepl\u0103cut la contact apropiat. Pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 pericolul direct pentru ochi, \u00een timpul func\u021bion\u0103rii laserului se emit produse toxice de ardere, a\u0219a c\u0103 dispozitivul trebuie s\u0103 se afle \u00eentr-un spa\u021biu bine ventilat \u0219i, de preferat, izolat de oameni. Dar cum po\u021bi controla un astfel de dispozitiv? R\u0103spunsul la aceast\u0103 \u00eentrebare l-am descoperit \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103tor, navig\u00e2nd prin repository-ul OpenWRT \u00een speran\u021ba de a g\u0103si o utilizare demn\u0103 pentru un router D-Link DIR-320 A2 mai vechi. Am decis s\u0103 folosesc tunnel USB over IP<\/b>, dar toate instruc\u021biunile pentru instalarea acestuia au devenit \u00eenvechite, a\u0219a c\u0103 scriu propriile mele instruc\u021biuni.
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nOpenWRT este un sistem de operare care nu mai are nevoie de prezentare, a\u0219a c\u0103 nu voi detalia instalarea acestuia. Pentru routerul meu, am folosit ultima versiune stabil\u0103 OpenWrt 19.07.3, \u0219i l-am conectat la punctul de acces principal prin Wi-Fi \u00een calitate de client, aleg\u00e2nd modul lan<\/i>, pentru a nu agasa firewall-ul.<\/p>\n

Partea serverului<\/h2>\n

\nAc\u021bion\u0103m conform instruc\u021biunile oficiale<\/a><\/noindex>. Dup\u0103 conectarea prin ssh, instal\u0103m pachetele necesare.<\/p>\n

root@OpenWrt:~# opkg update\nroot@OpenWrt:~# opkg install kmod-usb-ohci usbip-server usbip-client<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nApoi conect\u0103m dispozitivul nostru la portul USB al routerului (\u00een cazul meu, dispozitivele sunt: un hub USB, un stick USB pe care este montat\u0103 sistemul de fi\u0219iere al routerului (din cauza lipsei de spa\u021biu pe stocarea intern\u0103), \u0219i, \u00een mod direct, gravatorul).<\/p>\n
\u00cencerc\u0103m s\u0103 afi\u0219\u0103m lista dispozitivelor conectate:<\/p>\n
root@OpenWrt:~# usbip list -l<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nGol.<\/p>\n
Prin c\u0103utare pe Google am g\u0103sit vinovatul, care s-a dovedit a fi biblioteca libudev-fbsd<\/b>.
\nExtragem manual din repository ultima versiune func\u021bional\u0103 libudev_3.2-1<\/b> din versiunea OpenWRT 17.01.7 pentru arhitectura mea, \u00een cazul meu aceasta este libudev_3.2-1_mipsel_mips32.ipk. Folosind wget\/scp, o \u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103m \u00een memorie routerului \u0219i reinstal\u0103m<\/p>\n
root@OpenWrt:~# opkg remove --force-depends libudev-fbsd\nroot@OpenWrt:~# opkg install libudev_3.2-1_mipsel_mips32.ipk\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nVerific\u0103m:<\/p>\n
root@OpenWrt:~# usbip list -l\n - busid 1-1.1 (090c:1000)\n   Silicon Motion, Inc. - Taiwan (fost\u0103 Feiya Technology Corp.) : Flash Drive (090c:1000)\n\n - busid 1-1.4 (1a86:7523)\n   QinHeng Electronics : HL-340 adaptor USB-Serial (1a86:7523)<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nChinezul conectat \u00een hub-ul USB a primit bsuid 1-1.4<\/b>. Am re\u021binut.<\/p>\n
Acum lans\u0103m daemon-ul:<\/p>\n
root@OpenWrt:~# usbipd -D<\/code><\/pre>\n
\n\u0219i leg\u0103m chinezul<\/p>\n
root@OpenWrt:~# usbip bind -b 1-1.4\nusbip: info: bind device on busid 1-1.4: complete<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nVerific\u0103m dac\u0103 totul func\u021bioneaz\u0103:<\/p>\n
root@OpenWrt:\/home# netstat -alpt\nConexiuni active la Internet (servere \u0219i stabilite)\nProto Recv-Q Send-Q Adres\u0103 local\u0103           Adres\u0103 str\u0103in\u0103         Stare       PID\/Numele programului\ntcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3240            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1884\/usbipd<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nPentru a lega automat dispozitivul mai departe, s\u0103 facem c\u00e2teva modific\u0103ri \/etc\/rc.local<\/i>, ad\u0103ug\u00e2nd \u00eenainte exit 0<\/i> the following:<\/p>\n
usbipd -D &\nsleep 1\nusbip bind -b 1-1.4<\/code><\/pre>\n
<\/p>\n
Partea clientului<\/h2>\n
\nVom \u00eencerca s\u0103 conect\u0103m dispozitivul la Windows 10, folosind instruc\u021biunile men\u021bionate pe openwrt.org. Voi spune imediat: ideea este condamnat\u0103 la e\u0219ec. \u00cen primul r\u00e2nd, doar Windows 7 x64 este men\u021bionat. \u00cen al doilea r\u00e2nd, exist\u0103 un link c\u0103tre un thread pe sourceforge.net, unde se sugereaz\u0103 s\u0103 desc\u0103rc\u0103m un driver patchuit din 2014 de pe Dropbox. C\u00e2nd \u00eencerc\u0103m s\u0103-l lans\u0103m pe Windows 10 \u0219i s\u0103 ne conect\u0103m la dispozitivul nostru, primim o eroare:<\/p>\n
c:Utilsusbip>usbip -a 192.168.31.203 1-1.4\nusbip pentru Windows ($Id$)\n\n*** EROARE: nu se poate g\u0103si dispozitivul<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nAcest lucru se datoreaz\u0103 faptului c\u0103 clientul nu func\u021bioneaz\u0103 cu serverul compilat pe un kernel mai vechi de versiunea 3.14.
\nServerul usbip pe OpenWRT 19.07.3 este compilat pe kernel 4.14.180.<\/p>\n
Continu\u00e2nd c\u0103ut\u0103rile, d\u0103ruiesc de o dezvoltare actual\u0103 a clientului pentru Windows pe github<\/a><\/noindex>. Ok, suportul pentru Windows 10 x64 este declarat, dar clientul este exclusiv testat, deci exist\u0103 o serie de limit\u0103ri.<\/p>\n
A\u0219adar, ini\u021bial se cere instalarea certificatului, \u0219i asta de dou\u0103 ori. Ok, \u00eel vom plasa \u00een Autoritatea de Certificare a R\u0103d\u0103cinii de \u00cencredere \u0219i \u00een Editorii de \u00cencredere.<\/p>\n
Apoi, sistemul de operare trebuie trecut \u00een modul de testare. Acest lucru se face prin comanda<\/p>\n
bcdedit.exe \/set TESTSIGNING ON<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nDin prima \u00eencercare nu am reu\u0219it, a intervenit secure boot<\/b>. Pentru a-l dezactiva, trebuie s\u0103 repornim \u00een UEFI \u0219i s\u0103 set\u0103m secure boot \u2014 disable. Pe unele modele de laptopuri, poate fi necesar\u0103 setarea parolei de supervisor.<\/p>\n
Dup\u0103 aceasta, pornim Windows-ul \u0219i facem bcdedit.exe \/set TESTSIGNING ON<\/i>
\nWindows spune c\u0103 totul este ok. Ne repornim din nou \u0219i vedem \u00een col\u021bul din dreapta jos mesajul Test Mode, versiunea \u0219i num\u0103rul construc\u021biei OS. <\/p>\n
Pentru ce sunt toate aceste manevre? Pentru a instala un driver nesemnat USB\/IP VHCI<\/b>. Acest lucru se sugereaz\u0103 s\u0103 fie realizat desc\u0103rc\u00e2nd fi\u0219ierele usbip.exe, usbip_vhci.sys, usbip_vhci.inf, usbip_vhci.cer, usbip_vhci.cat \u0219i execut\u00e2nd cu privilegii de administrator<\/p>\n
usbip.exe install<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nsau o a doua metod\u0103, instalarea Hardware Legacy \u00een mod manual. Am ales a doua variant\u0103, am primit un avertisment despre instalarea unui driver nesemnat \u0219i am fost de acord cu el.<\/p>\n
Apoi, verific\u0103m dac\u0103 avem posibilitatea s\u0103 ne conect\u0103m la un dispozitiv USB de la distan\u021b\u0103, execut\u00e2nd comanda:<\/p>\n
usbip.exe list -r<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nprimim lista dispozitivelor:<\/p>\n
c:Utilsusbip>usbip.exe list -r 192.168.31.203\nusbip: error: failed to open usb id database\nExportable USB devices\n======================\n - 192.168.31.203\n      1-1.4: unknown vendor : unknown product (1a86:7523)\n           : \/sys\/devices\/ssb0:1\/ehci-platform.0\/usb1\/1-1\/1-1.4\n           : unknown class \/ unknown subclass \/ unknown protocol (ff\/00\/00)<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nla eroare usbip: error: failed to open usb id database<\/i> nu ne preocup\u0103m, nu afecteaz\u0103 func\u021bionarea.<\/p>\n
Acum leg\u0103m dispozitivul:<\/p>\n
c:Utilsusbip>usbip.exe attach -r 192.168.31.203 -b 1-1.4<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nTotul, Windows a detectat un nou dispozitiv, acum poate fi folosit ca \u0219i cum ar fi conectat fizic la laptop.<\/p>\n
Cu gravatorul chinezesc a fost nevoie de pu\u021bin mai mult efort, deoarece la \u00eencercarea de a instala driverul CH341SER prin installerul furnizat (da, gravatorul este pe Arduino), USB\/IP VHCI f\u0103cea ca Windows s\u0103 cad\u0103 \u00een BSOD. Totu\u0219i, instalarea driverului CH341SER la<\/b> prin conexiunea dispozitivului prin usbip.exe rezolva problema.<\/p>\n
Rezultatul: gravatorul face zgomot \u0219i fumeaz\u0103 \u00een buc\u0103t\u0103rie cu fereastra deschis\u0103 \u0219i u\u0219a \u00eenchis\u0103, eu observ procesul de ardere din cealalt\u0103 camer\u0103 prin software-ul de baz\u0103, care nu suspecteaz\u0103 nimic.<\/p>\n
Surse utilizate:<\/p>\n
https:\/\/openwrt.org\/docs\/guide-user\/services\/usb.iptunnel<\/a><\/noindex>
\nhttps:\/\/github.com\/cezanne\/usbip-win<\/a><\/noindex>
\n
Sursa: habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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