{"id":87697,"date":"2020-07-09T13:42:31","date_gmt":"2020-07-09T11:42:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/ddos-idet-v-offlajn"},"modified":"2020-07-09T13:42:31","modified_gmt":"2020-07-09T11:42:31","slug":"ddos-idet-v-offlajn","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/administrirovanie\/ddos-idet-v-offlajn","title":{"rendered":"DDoS este offline","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Cu c\u00e2\u021biva ani \u00een urm\u0103, agen\u021biile de cercetare \u0219i furnizorii de servicii de securitate informa\u021bional\u0103 au \u00eenceput s\u0103 raporteze o sc\u0103dere<\/a><\/noindex> a num\u0103rului de atacuri DDoS. \u00cens\u0103, p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een primul trimestru al anului 2019, acelea\u0219i cercet\u0103ri au raportat o cre\u0219tere uluitoare de 84%. De atunci, totul a continuat s\u0103 creasc\u0103. Nici pandemia nu a contribuit la o atmosfer\u0103 de lini\u0219te \u2014 dimpotriv\u0103, criminalii cibernetici \u0219i spammerii au considerat c\u0103 este un semnal excelent pentru a ataca, iar volumul atacurilor DDoS a crescut.<\/a><\/noindex> Suntem siguri c\u0103 vremea atacurilor DDoS simple \u0219i u\u0219or de detectat (\u0219i a instrumentelor care le pot preveni) a trecut. Criminalii cibernetici au \u00eenv\u0103\u021bat s\u0103-\u0219i ascund\u0103 mai bine aceste atacuri \u0219i s\u0103 le desf\u0103\u0219oare tot mai sofisticat. Industria \u00eentunecat\u0103 a trecut de la atacurile brute la atacuri la nivel de aplica\u021bie. Aceasta ob\u021bine comenzi serioase pentru a distruge procesele de afaceri, inclusiv cele complet offline. de dou\u0103 ori<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

\"DDoS<\/a><\/noindex>
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nP\u0103trunz\u00e2nd \u00een realitate<\/p>\n

\u00cen 2017, o serie de atacuri DDoS direc\u021bionate \u00eempotriva serviciilor de transport din Suedia au dus la \u00eent\u00e2rzieri \u00eendelungate<\/h2>\n

\n\u00een circula\u021bia trenurilor. \u00cen 2019, operatorul na\u021bional de feroviari din Danemarca,<\/a><\/noindex>Danske Statsbaner, a avut sistemele de v\u00e2nzare oprite. Drept urmare, automatele de bilete \u0219i por\u021bile automate de la sta\u021bii nu au func\u021bionat, iar mai mult de 15.000 de pasageri nu au putut pleca nic\u0103ieri. Tot \u00een 2019, un atac cibernetic puternic a dus la o \u00eentrerupere a furniz\u0103rii de electricitate \u00een<\/a><\/noindex> Venezuela. Consecin\u021bele atacurilor DDoS sunt acum resim\u021bite nu doar de utilizatorii online, ci \u0219i de oameni \u00een via\u021ba real\u0103, cum s-ar spune, IRL (in real life). De\u0219i istoric atacatorii \u021binteau doar serviciile online, acum adesea obiectivul lor este de a \u00eentrerupe orice opera\u021biune de afaceri. Conform estim\u0103rilor noastre, \u00een prezent, peste 60% dintre atacuri au acest scop - fie pentru extorc\u0103ri, fie pentru competitivitate necurat\u0103. Tranzac\u021biile \u0219i logistica sunt \u00een special vulnerabile.<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

Mai inteligente \u0219i mai costisitoare<\/p>\n

DDoS continu\u0103 s\u0103 fie considerat unul dintre cele mai frecvente \u0219i cu cre\u0219tere rapid\u0103 tipuri de criminalitate cibernetic\u0103. Potrivit exper\u021bilor, num\u0103rul acestora va continua s\u0103 creasc\u0103 din 2020. Acest lucru este legat de diferite motive - inclusiv o tranzi\u021bie \u0219i mai mare a afacerilor online din cauza pandemiei, dezvoltarea industriei subterane a criminalit\u0103\u021bii cibernetice \u0219i chiar de<\/h2>\n

\nr\u0103sp\u00e2ndirea 5G. distribu\u021bia 5G<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

At one time, \"popular\" DDoS attacks became notorious for their ease of deployment and low cost: a couple of years ago, they could be initiated for just $50 a day. Today, both targets and attack methods have evolved, resulting in increased complexity and, consequently, cost. Yes, prices starting from $5 an hour are still present in the price lists (indeed, cybercriminals have their pricing and tariff structures), but websites with protection are now demanding at least $400 per day, while the costs for \u201ccustom\u201d orders for large companies can reach several thousand dollars.<\/p>\n

Currently, there are two main types of DDoS attacks. The first aims to make an online resource unavailable for a specific period. The payment for these attacks is based on the duration of the attack itself. In this case, the DDoS operator does not care about any specific outcome; instead, the client effectively makes an advance payment for the attack to commence. These methods are relatively inexpensive.<\/p>\n

The second type consists of attacks that are paid for only upon achieving a specific result. This type is much more interesting. They are significantly more complex to execute and, therefore, much costlier, since attackers need to select the most effective methods to achieve their objectives. At Variti, we sometimes engage in elaborate chess games with cybercriminals, who instantly change their tactics and tools, attempting to exploit multiple vulnerabilities across different levels simultaneously. These are clearly team attacks, where hackers are well aware of how to respond and counter the defenders' actions. Combating them is not only challenging but also very costly for companies. For example, one of our clients, a major retail chain, maintained a team of 30 people for nearly three years, whose sole task was to combat DDoS attacks.<\/p>\n

Potrivit Variti, atacurile DDoS simple, realizate exclusiv din plictiseal\u0103, trolling sau nemul\u021bumire fa\u021b\u0103 de o anumit\u0103 companie, constituie \u00een prezent mai pu\u021bin de 10% din toate atacurile DDoS (bine\u00een\u021beles, resursele neprotejate pot avea alte statistici, noi ne uit\u0103m la datele clien\u021bilor no\u0219tri). Restul reprezint\u0103 munca echipelor profesionale. \u00cen acest context, trei sferturi din to\u021bi \u201ebota\u021bii r\u0103i\u201d sunt bo\u021bi avansa\u021bi, care sunt greu de detectat cu majoritatea solu\u021biilor de pe pia\u021b\u0103. Ace\u0219tia imit\u0103 comportamentul utilizatorilor reali sau al browserelor \u0219i introduc modele care complic\u0103 distinc\u021bia \u00eentre cererile \u201ebune\u201d \u0219i \u201erele\u201d. Aceasta face ca atacurile s\u0103 fie mai pu\u021bin vizibile \u0219i, prin urmare, mai eficiente.<\/p>\n

\"DDoS
\nDate de la GlobalDots<\/i><\/p>\n

Noi obiective DDoS<\/h2>\n

\nRaport Raportul Bot R\u0103u<\/a><\/noindex> de la anali\u0219tii GlobalDots sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 bo\u021bii genereaz\u0103 acum 50% din tot traficul web, dintre care 17,5% sunt bo\u021bi mali\u021bio\u0219i.<\/p>\n

Bo\u021bii pot strica via\u021ba companiilor \u00een mai multe moduri: pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 faptul c\u0103 \u201epr\u0103bu\u0219esc\u201d site-urile, acum se ocup\u0103 \u0219i de cre\u0219terea cheltuielilor cu publicitatea, click-urile pe anun\u021buri, compararea pre\u021burilor pentru a le face cu un ban mai ieftine \u0219i a atrage clien\u021bi, iar, de asemenea, fur\u0103 con\u021binut cu diverse scopuri dubioase (de exemplu, am discutat recent scriau<\/a><\/noindex> despre site-uri cu con\u021binut furat care \u00eei pun pe utilizatori s\u0103 rezolve captcha-uri str\u0103ine). Bo\u021bii distorsioneaz\u0103 semnificativ diverse statistici de afaceri, iar \u00een final deciziile se iau pe baza unor date gre\u0219ite. Un atac DDoS este adesea o perdea de fum pentru crime \u0219i mai serioase, cum ar fi hackeri \u0219i furt de date. \u0218i acum observ\u0103m c\u0103 a ap\u0103rut o \u00eentreag\u0103 nou\u0103 clas\u0103 de amenin\u021b\u0103ri cibernetice \u2014 aceasta fiind perturbarea anumitor procese de afaceri ale companiei, adesea externe (deoarece \u00een zilele noastre nimic nu poate fi complet \u201eoffline\u201d). Vedem \u00een mod special c\u0103 sunt compromise procesele logistice \u0219i comunica\u021biile cu clien\u021bii.<\/p>\n

\u201eNedan\u201d<\/h2>\n

\nProcesele de afaceri logistice sunt esen\u021biale pentru majoritatea companiilor, a\u0219a c\u0103 sunt adesea atacate. Iat\u0103 c\u00e2teva scenarii de atac care pot ap\u0103rea \u00een acest context.<\/p>\n

Indisponibil<\/i><\/p>\n

Dac\u0103 lucra\u021bi \u00een domeniul comer\u021bului online, sunte\u021bi deja familiariza\u021bi cu problema comenzilor false. \u00cen timpul atacurilor, robo\u021bii supra\u00eenc\u0103rca\u021bi resursele logistice \u0219i fac produsele inaccesibile altor clien\u021bi. Ace\u0219tia plaseaz\u0103 un num\u0103r uria\u0219 de comenzi false, echivalent cu num\u0103rul maxim de produse disponibile. Aceste produse nu sunt pl\u0103tite \u0219i, dup\u0103 un timp, sunt returnate pe site. Dar daunele sunt deja f\u0103cute: acestea au fost marcate ca \u201eindisponibile\u201d, iar o parte din clien\u021bi au plecat c\u0103tre concuren\u021bi. Aceast\u0103 tactic\u0103 este bine cunoscut\u0103 \u00een industria biletelor de avion, unde uneori robo\u021bii \u201ecump\u0103r\u0103\u201d imediat toate biletele care apar. De exemplu, unul dintre clien\u021bii no\u0219tri \u2014 o mare companie aerian\u0103 \u2014 a fost victima unui astfel de atac organizat de concuren\u021bi chinezi. \u00cen doar dou\u0103 ore, robo\u021bii lor au comandat 100% din biletele pentru anumite rute.<\/p>\n

Robo\u021bi pentru sneakers<\/i><\/p>\n

Urm\u0103torul scenariu popular: robo\u021bii cump\u0103r\u0103 instantaneu \u00eentreaga gam\u0103 de produse, iar proprietarii acestora le v\u00e2nd ulterior la pre\u021buri umflate (\u00een medie, marja de profit este de 200%). Ace\u0219ti robo\u021bi sunt numi\u021bi robo\u021bi pentru sneakers, deoarece aceast\u0103 problem\u0103 este bine cunoscut\u0103 \u00een industria \u00eenc\u0103l\u021b\u0103mintei fashionable, \u00een special \u2014 colec\u021bii limitate. Robo\u021bii au cump\u0103rat practic \u00een c\u00e2teva minute noile linii de produse ap\u0103rute, bloc\u00e2nd astfel resursa astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t utilizatorii reali s\u0103 nu poat\u0103 s\u0103 p\u0103trund\u0103. Este un caz rar \u00een care robo\u021bii au fost men\u021biona\u021bi \u00een reviste glossy de mod\u0103. De\u0219i, \u00een general, rev\u00e2nz\u0103torii biletelor pentru evenimente populare, precum meciurile de fotbal, folosesc acela\u0219i scenariu.<\/p>\n

Alte scenarii<\/i><\/p>\n

Dar asta nu este tot. Exist\u0103 o variant\u0103 \u0219i mai complex\u0103 de atacuri asupra logisticii, care prezint\u0103 riscuri serioase. Aceasta poate fi realizat\u0103, dac\u0103 serviciul ofer\u0103 op\u021biunea de \u201ePlat\u0103 la livrarea produsului\u201d. Robo\u021bii las\u0103 comenzi false pentru astfel de produse, indic\u00e2nd adrese false sau chiar reale ale unor oameni ne\u00eencuviin\u021ba\u021bi. Companiile suport\u0103 costuri uria\u0219e pentru livrare, stocare \u0219i clarificarea detaliilor. \u00centre timp, produsele sunt inaccesibile pentru ceilal\u021bi clien\u021bi \u0219i ocup\u0103 loc pe stoc.<\/p>\n

Ce altceva? robo\u021bii las\u0103 recenzii masive false \u0219i negative despre produse, blocheaz\u0103 func\u021bia de \u201ereturnare a pl\u0103\u021bii\u201d, bloc\u00e2nd tranzac\u021biile, fur\u0103 datele clien\u021bilor, fac spam clien\u021bilor reali - variantele sunt numeroase. Un exemplu bun este atacul recent asupra DHL, Hermes, AldiTalk, Freenet, Snipes.com. Hackerii s-au f\u0103cut<\/a><\/noindex>, spun\u00e2nd c\u0103 \u201etestez\u0103 sistemele de protec\u021bie \u00eempotriva DDoS\u201d, \u0219i \u00een cele din urm\u0103 au blocat portalul clien\u021bilor de afaceri \u0219i toate API-urile. Asta a dus la mari \u00eentreruperi \u00een livrarea produselor c\u0103tre clien\u021bi.<\/p>\n

Suna\u021bi m\u00e2ine<\/h2>\n

\nAnul trecut, Comisia Federal\u0103 pentru Comer\u021b (FTC) a raportat o dublare a pl\u00e2ngerilor din partea \u00eentreprinderilor \u0219i utilizatorilor referitoare la apelurile telefonice spam \u0219i \u00een\u0219el\u0103toare. Conform unor estim\u0103ri, acestea reprezint\u0103 aproape 50%<\/a><\/noindex> din toate apelurile.<\/p>\n

La fel ca \u00een cazul DDoS, scopurile TDoS - atacuri masive ale robo\u021bilor asupra telefonelor - variaz\u0103 de la \u201econcursuri\u201d p\u00e2n\u0103 la competi\u021bii neloiale. Robo\u021bii pot supra\u00eenc\u0103rca centrele de contact \u0219i nu permit clien\u021bilor reali s\u0103 ajung\u0103. Aceast\u0103 metod\u0103 este eficient\u0103 nu doar pentru centrele de apeluri cu operatori \u201evii\u201d, ci \u0219i acolo unde se folosesc sisteme AVR. Robo\u021bii pot de asemenea s\u0103 atace \u00een mas\u0103 alte canale de comunicare cu clien\u021bii (chat-uri, e-mailuri), s\u0103 perturbe func\u021bionarea sistemelor CRM \u0219i chiar s\u0103 influen\u021beze negativ gestionarea resurselor umane, deoarece operatorii sunt suprasolicita\u021bi \u00eencerc\u00e2nd s\u0103 fac\u0103 fa\u021b\u0103 crizei. Atacurile pot fi de asemenea sincronizate cu un atac DDoS tradi\u021bional asupra resurselor online ale victimei.<\/p>\n

Recent, un astfel de atac a perturbat activitatea serviciului de urgen\u021b\u0103 911<\/a><\/noindex> \u00een Statele Unite - oamenii obi\u0219nui\u021bi, care aveau nevoie urgent\u0103 de ajutor, pur \u0219i simplu nu puteau suna. Aproape \u00een acela\u0219i timp, Gr\u0103dina Zoologic\u0103 din Dublin a suferit aceea\u0219i soart\u0103: cel pu\u021bin 5000 de persoane au primit spam sub form\u0103 de mesaje SMS, \u00eendemn\u00e2ndu-i s\u0103 sune urgent la num\u0103rul de telefon al gr\u0103dinii zoologice \u0219i s\u0103 cear\u0103 o persoan\u0103 imaginar\u0103.<\/p>\n

Nu va exista Wi-Fi<\/h2>\n

\nCybercriminals can also easily block an entire corporate network. IP blocking is often used as a defense against DDoS attacks. However, this is not only ineffective but also a very dangerous practice. An IP address is easy to find (for instance, through resource monitoring) and easy to replace (or spoof). Our clients, before joining Variti, faced situations where blocking a specific IP simply disabled Wi-Fi in their own offices. There was a case where a client was \"tricked\" into blocking the necessary IP, which restricted access to their resource for users from an entire region, and they did not notice it for a long time because the rest of the resource was functioning well.<\/p>\n

Ce este nou?<\/h2>\n

\nNew threats require new protection solutions. However, this new niche in the market is just beginning to take shape. There are many solutions for effectively countering simple bot attacks, but complex ones are much more difficult to handle. Many solutions still practice IP blocking methods. Others need time to gather initial data to start working, and those 10-15 minutes can become a vulnerability. There are solutions based on machine learning that enable bots to be identified by their behavior. At the same time, teams from \"the other side\" boast that they already have bots that can mimic real, indistinguishable from human patterns. It is still unclear who has the upper hand.<\/p>\n

What should be done when facing professional botnet teams and complex, multi-layered attacks simultaneously on several levels?<\/p>\n

Our experience shows that the focus should be on filtering illegitimate requests without blocking IP addresses. For complex DDoS attacks, filtering is needed simultaneously on multiple levels, including the transport layer, application layer, and API interfaces. This allows for the mitigation of even low-frequency attacks, which are often unnoticed and therefore frequently get through. Finally, all genuine users must be allowed through even while an active attack phase is ongoing.<\/p>\n

Secondly, companies need the capability to create their own multi-layered protection systems, where, in addition to DDoS prevention tools, systems against fraud, data theft, content protection, and so on will be integrated. <\/p>\n

\u00cen al treilea r\u00e2nd, acestea trebuie s\u0103 func\u021bioneze \u00een timp real \u00eenc\u0103 de la prima solicitare \u2014 capacitatea de a reac\u021biona imediat la incidentele de securitate cre\u0219te semnificativ \u0219ansele de a preveni un atac sau de a reduce severitatea acestuia.<\/p>\n

Viitorul apropiat: gestionarea reputa\u021biei \u0219i colectarea de big data cu ajutorul bot-urilor
\nEvolu\u021bia atacurilor DDoS a trecut de la simplu la complex. Ini\u021bial, scopul atacatorilor era s\u0103 opreasc\u0103 func\u021bionarea unui site. Acum, ei consider\u0103 mai eficient s\u0103 vizeze procesele de afaceri esen\u021biale.<\/p>\n

Complexitatea atacurilor va continua s\u0103 creasc\u0103, este inevitabil. Pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 ceea ce fac acum bot-urile rele \u2014 furtul de date \u0219i falsificarea acestora, \u0219antajul, spam-ul \u2014 bot-urile vor colecta date din numeroase surse (Big Data) \u0219i vor crea conturi false \u201efiabile\u201d pentru a gestiona influen\u021ba, reputa\u021bia sau phishing-ul \u00een mas\u0103.<\/p>\n

\u00cen prezent, doar companiile mari \u00ee\u0219i pot permite s\u0103 investeasc\u0103 \u00een protec\u021bia \u00eempotriva DDoS \u0219i bot-urilor, dar chiar \u0219i acestea nu pot \u00eentotdeauna s\u0103 monitorizeze \u0219i s\u0103 filtreze complet traficul generat de bot-uri. Singurul aspect pozitiv al complexific\u0103rii atacurilor bot-urilor este stimularea pie\u021bei s\u0103 dezvolte solu\u021bii \u201einteligente\u201d \u0219i mai sofisticate de protec\u021bie.<\/p>\n

Ce p\u0103rere ave\u021bi \u2014 cum va evolua industria protec\u021biei \u00eempotriva bot-urilor \u0219i ce solu\u021bii sunt necesare pe pia\u021b\u0103 chiar acum?
\n
Sursa: habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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