{"id":91148,"date":"2020-08-09T01:42:48","date_gmt":"2020-08-08T23:42:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/moi-pozhelaniya-k-subd-budushhego-a-takzhe-k-rosreestru-v-chasti-tranzakczionnosti"},"modified":"2020-08-09T01:42:48","modified_gmt":"2020-08-08T23:42:48","slug":"moi-pozhelaniya-k-subd-budushhego-a-takzhe-k-rosreestru-v-chasti-tranzakczionnosti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/administrirovanie\/moi-pozhelaniya-k-subd-budushhego-a-takzhe-k-rosreestru-v-chasti-tranzakczionnosti","title":{"rendered":"Dorin\u021bele mele pentru baza de date a viitorului, precum \u0219i pentru Rosreestr \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te tranzac\u021bionalitatea","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Dorin\u021bele
\nClientul interac\u021bioneaz\u0103 cu baza de date.
\nDe pe site http:\/\/corchaosis.ru<\/a><\/noindex>, autorul picturii Jonathan Tiong.<\/p>\n

Pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 faptul c\u0103 sunt programator (\u00een principal, Delphi \u0219i diverse SGBD-uri, recent ORACLE, plus pu\u021bin PHP), am un hobby \u2014 cump\u0103rarea \u0219i v\u00e2nzarea apartamentelor. Cump\u0103r un apartament \u00een stadiul de construc\u021bie de la un dezvoltator mai mult sau mai pu\u021bin de \u00eencredere la un pre\u021b atractiv (de exemplu, un astfel de dezvoltator acum este Samolyot, apartamentele de l\u00e2ng\u0103 sta\u021bia de metrou Nekrasovka se v\u00e2nd), a\u0219tept predarea casei (adesea cu doi ani mai t\u00e2rziu, astfel de oferte ieftine se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103), fac renov\u0103ri \u0219i apoi v\u00e2nd la 95-100% din pre\u021bul s\u0103u de pia\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n

A\u0219a c\u0103, m-am confruntat cu problema lipsei de tranzac\u021bionalitate din partea Rosreestrei.<\/p>\n

Problema lipsei de tranzac\u021bionalitate a tranzac\u021biilor la Rosreestr<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00cen programare, \u00abTranzac\u021bie\u00bb, iar \u00een imobiliare, \u00abTranzac\u021bie cu alternativ\u0103\u00bb (de asemenea, ca parte a acesteia, \u00abContract pentru seif bancar\u00bb), \u0219i acolo totul este un pic mai complicat. Voi explica.<\/p>\n

Vasia a venit la vizionarea apartamentului pe care \u00eel vinde Petya. \u0218i Vasia a fost foarte \u00eenc\u00e2ntat, inclusiv de pre\u021b, dar nu are bani. A\u0219a \u00eencepe povestea noastr\u0103.<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Vasia are propria sa proprietate, care are anumite valori nu prea necesare pentru el \u2014 \u00een cl\u0103direa vecin\u0103 a locuit Lomonosov, \u00een\u0103l\u021bimea tavanului este de \u0219apte metri \u0219i jum\u0103tate, \u00een apropiere se afl\u0103 o baz\u0103 de fructe \u0219i legume \u0219i pia\u021ba Sadovod, poate ajunge pe jos la Aeroexpres, sub apartament se afl\u0103 un subsol cu o \u00een\u0103l\u021bime de 1 metru, iar deasupra apartamentului este o mansard\u0103 potrivit\u0103 pentru observa\u021bii astronomice. Vasia \u00een\u021belege c\u0103 aceste tr\u0103s\u0103turi cresc pre\u021bul apartamentului s\u0103u, dar nu pentru el. \u0218i el decide s\u0103 cumpere apartamentul lui Petya, iar apartamentul s\u0103u \u2014 s\u0103-l v\u00e2nd\u0103. Dar s\u0103-l v\u00e2nd\u0103 exact pentru a cump\u0103ra apartamentul lui Petya, nu doar a\u0219a. Pe limbajul agen\u021bilor imobiliari, acest lucru se nume\u0219te \u2014 \u00abAlternativa este selectat\u0103\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Acum s\u0103 vedem aceast\u0103 situa\u021bie din perspectiva lui Petya. Problema este c\u0103 lui Petya nu-i este nici lui interesant s\u0103 stea pe bani depreciabili, vinde apartamentul pentru a-\u0219i cump\u0103ra un apartament \u00een ora\u0219ul elfilor Valinor, dar pe care exact \u2014 nu a c\u0103utat \u00eenc\u0103. Pe limbajul agen\u021bilor imobiliari, acest lucru se nume\u0219te \u2014 \u00abTranzac\u021bie cu alternativ\u0103\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Doi elfi din P\u0103m\u00e2ntul de Mijloc, Maglor \u0219i Maedros, de\u021bin o proprietate potrivit\u0103 (conform criteriilor lui Petru) \u00een ora\u0219ul Valinor, pe care o v\u00e2nd urgent, deoarece pleac\u0103 s\u0103 slujeasc\u0103 lui Melkor. \u00cen limbajul agen\u021bilor imobiliari, aceasta se nume\u0219te - \u201eV\u00e2nzare Liber\u0103\u201d.<\/p>\n

Deci, Vasya g\u0103se\u0219te un client, Serioja. Acum, Petru g\u0103se\u0219te dou\u0103 op\u021biuni potrivite pentru el \u00een ora\u0219ul Valinor. S\u0103 trecem la finalizarea tranzac\u021biei. S\u0103 presupunem, pentru simplificare, c\u0103 niciunul dintre participan\u021bii la tranzac\u021bie nu folose\u0219te un \u00eemprumut \u0219i nu are proprietari minori. Astfel, urm\u0103toarele ac\u021biuni trebuie s\u0103 aib\u0103 loc acum:
\n1. Serioja \u00eei d\u0103 bani lui Petru.
\n2. Vasya \u00eei d\u0103 apartamentul s\u0103u lui Serioja.
\n3. Petru \u00eei d\u0103 apartamentul s\u0103u lui Vasya.
\n4. Ori Maglor, ori Maedros, \u00eei dau apartamentul \u00een Valinor lui Petru \u0219i primesc banii lui Serioja.
\n5. Malcor \u0219i Maedros pleac\u0103 \u00een Mordor s\u0103 slujeasc\u0103 lui Melkor.<\/p>\n

Ideal ar fi s\u0103 se transmit\u0103 urm\u0103torul script c\u0103tre Registrul de Stat:<\/p>\n

START TRANSACTION
\nApartamentul lui Vasya s\u0103 fie dat lui Serioja.
\nApartamentul lui Petru s\u0103 fie dat lui Vasya.
\nbegin
\nApartamentul lui Malcor s\u0103 fie dat lui Petru.
\nBanii lui Serioja s\u0103 fie da\u021bi lui Malcor.
\nDACA_ERROARE:
\nApartamentul lui Maedros s\u0103 fie dat lui Petru.
\nBanii lui Serioja s\u0103 fie da\u021bi lui Maedros.
\nend
\nCOMMIT TRANSACTION\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\nAcesta este un script simplificat pentru tranzac\u021bie, presupun\u00e2nd c\u0103 toate apartamentele au un singur proprietar adult (\u0219i capabil) \u0219i c\u0103 valorile lor sunt egale, iar comisioanele agen\u021bilor imobiliari (dac\u0103 exist\u0103) sunt pl\u0103tite separat de etapele tranzac\u021biei.<\/p>\n

Cu toate acestea, Registrul de Stat nu suport\u0103 tranzac\u021bionalitatea. Toate ac\u021biunile vor fi efectuate secven\u021bial \u0219i independent, una dup\u0103 alta, f\u0103r\u0103 anularea \u00eentregii tranzac\u021bii dac\u0103 nu a fost finalizat\u0103 una dintre ele. Maximul care se poate realiza - av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere c\u0103 Registrul de Stat \u0219i MFC nu lucreaz\u0103 cu transferul de numerar - este s\u0103 se depun\u0103 banii \u00eentr-un seif bancar, cu condi\u021bii de acces pentru Vasya, Petru, Serioja (dac\u0103 nu este \u00eenregistrat\u0103 nicio tranzac\u021bie) \u0219i pentru al\u021bi actori implica\u021bi, \u00een func\u021bie de prezentarea de c\u0103tre ace\u0219tia a contractelor \u00eenregistrate de Registrul de Stat. (\u0218i, de fapt, b\u0103ncile nu efectueaz\u0103 verificarea autenticit\u0103\u021bii contractelor, adic\u0103 se bazeaz\u0103 pe autenticitatea documentelor participan\u021bilor la tranzac\u021bie).<\/p>\n

\u00cen afar\u0103 de riscurile unei execu\u021bii incomplete a tranzac\u021biei, o alt\u0103 problem\u0103 este c\u0103, dac\u0103 ceilal\u021bi participan\u021bi pot intra \u00een noua lor locuin\u021b\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 a a\u0219tepta finalizarea complet\u0103 (salut, problema nepl\u0103\u021bii utilit\u0103\u021bilor!), atunci Maglor \u0219i Maedhros nu se vor gr\u0103bi s\u0103-i slujeasc\u0103 lui Melkor, \u0219i poate c\u0103 Maglor nu va reu\u0219i s\u0103 \u021bin\u0103 \u00een m\u00e2ini silmariliele, pur \u0219i simplu nu va avea timp. Tranzac\u021biile imobiliare se desf\u0103\u0219oar\u0103 secven\u021bial, iar procesarea fiec\u0103rei tranzac\u021bii va dura cel pu\u021bin 9 zile lucr\u0103toare.<\/p>\n

\u00cen plus, Rosreestr nu sus\u021bine grevarea locuin\u021belor \u00een construc\u021bie pe baz\u0103 de DDU, de\u0219i ar putea, este o ac\u021biune elementar\u0103 \u00een raport cu un simplu futures.<\/p>\n

Acum s\u0103 trecem la dezavantaje \u0219i dorin\u021bele mele despre SGBD.<\/b><\/p>\n

1) Primul - este absen\u021ba unui sistem de control al versiunilor. Dac\u0103 din partea Delphi dezvolt \u00een propria mea sandbox, iar modific\u0103rile pe care le fac nu vor ap\u0103rea la ceilal\u021bi programatori p\u00e2n\u0103 la momentul comiterii lor, \u00een cazul SGBD-ului nu este a\u0219a. Chiar dac\u0103 mi se \u00eencredin\u021beaz\u0103 acces complet (cel pu\u021bin, \u00een limitele necesare pentru sarcina pe care mi-a\u021bi dat-o) la BD-ul de produc\u021bie, a\u0219a ceva se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103, nu pot lucra pe ea. De fiecare dat\u0103 c\u00e2nd m\u0103 refiniez, totul se pr\u0103bu\u0219e\u0219te. Ce este, oare, aceast\u0103 er\u0103 de piatr\u0103??? Faceti o sandbox pentru dezvoltatori.<\/p>\n

2) Al doilea - este absen\u021ba unor tabele standardizate preinstalate care descriu lumea real\u0103. \u00cen fiecare companie \u00een care am lucrat, exist\u0103 propriul format de tabel care descrie numele (\u00een rus\u0103 \u0219i (cel pu\u021bin) \u00een englez\u0103, \u00een diferite cazuri ale limbii ruse) celor dou\u0103sprezece luni!<\/p>\n

3) Al treilea - \u0219i aici voi folosi terminologia Oracle - absen\u021ba posibilit\u0103\u021bii de a apela un script simplu Insert sau Update, folosind Returning, la fel cum apel\u0103m Select. Poate c\u0103 nu sunt probleme ale Oracle, ci probleme ale interfe\u021bei Delphi + Oracle.<\/p>\n

4) A patra este necesitatea de a atribui procedurilor \u0219i func\u021biilor create de mine drepturi acolo unde nu doresc s\u0103 fac acest lucru. Nu vreau s\u0103 stabilesc \u0219i apoi s\u0103 schimb drepturile utilizatorilor pentru o procedur\u0103 \u0219i o func\u021bie. De ce, dac\u0103 nu am specificat \u00een mod explicit Grant-urile, sistemul nu ar putea s\u0103 se uite la obiectele implicate \u0219i, conform drepturilor de ac\u021biune asupra acestora, s\u0103 acorde sau nu utilizatorilor dreptul de a apela func\u021bia? Sunt preg\u0103tit s\u0103 scriu un cuv\u00e2nt cheie pentru aceasta atunci c\u00e2nd scriu func\u021bii \u0219i proceduri. Sau, \u0219i mai bine, s\u0103 lase utilizatorul s\u0103 \u00eenceap\u0103 execu\u021bia, iar dac\u0103 ramura algoritmului \u00eel conduce la o cerere pentru care utilizatorul nu are drepturi, s\u0103 e\u0219ueze cu o eroare.
\n
Sursa: habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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