{"id":92230,"date":"2020-08-24T19:42:19","date_gmt":"2020-08-24T17:42:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/pochti-polovina-trafika-na-kornevye-dns-servery-vyzvana-aktivnostyu-chromium"},"modified":"2020-08-24T19:42:19","modified_gmt":"2020-08-24T17:42:19","slug":"pochti-polovina-trafika-na-kornevye-dns-servery-vyzvana-aktivnostyu-chromium","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/pochti-polovina-trafika-na-kornevye-dns-servery-vyzvana-aktivnostyu-chromium","title":{"rendered":"Aproape jum\u0103tate din traficul c\u0103tre serverele DNS r\u0103d\u0103cin\u0103 este cauzat de activitatea Chromium","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

APNIC este registrarul responsabil de distribuirea adreselor IP \u00een regiunea Asia-Pacific, a publicat<\/a><\/noindex> rezultatele analizei distribu\u021biei traficului pe unul dintre serverele DNS r\u0103d\u0103cin\u0103 a.root-servers.net. 45,80% din cererile c\u0103tre serverul r\u0103d\u0103cin\u0103 s-au dovedit a fi legate de verific\u0103rile efectuate de browserele bazate pe motorul Chromium. Astfel, aproape jum\u0103tate din resursele serverelor DNS r\u0103d\u0103cin\u0103 sunt consumate pentru efectuarea verific\u0103rilor de diagnosticare a Chromium, \u0219i nu pentru procesarea cererilor din partea serverelor DNS \u00een determinarea zonelor r\u0103d\u0103cin\u0103. Av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere c\u0103 Chrome de\u021bine 70% din pia\u021ba browserelor web, aceast\u0103 activitate de diagnosticare duce la trimiterea a aproximativ 60 de miliarde de cereri c\u0103tre serverele r\u0103d\u0103cin\u0103 zilnic.<\/p>\n

Verific\u0103rile de diagnosticare sunt folosite \u00een Chromium pentru a determina utilizarea de c\u0103tre furnizorii de servicii care redirec\u021bioneaz\u0103 cererile c\u0103tre nume inexistente c\u0103tre propriile lor handler-e. Astfel de sisteme sunt implementate de c\u0103tre unii furnizori pentru a direc\u021biona traficul c\u0103tre domenii gre\u0219it introduse - de obicei, paginile de eroare sunt afi\u0219ate pentru domenii inexistente, al\u0103turi de liste cu nume probabil corecte \u0219i reclame. Aceast\u0103 activitate distruge complet logica de identificare a gazdelor intranet \u00een browser.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2nd se proceseaz\u0103 o cerere de c\u0103utare introdus\u0103 \u00een bara de adrese, dac\u0103 este introdus un singur cuv\u00e2nt f\u0103r\u0103 puncte, browserul ini\u021bial \u00eencearc\u0103<\/a><\/noindex> a determina aceast\u0103 adres\u0103 \u00een DNS, presupun\u00e2nd c\u0103 utilizatorul ar putea \u00eencerca s\u0103 acceseze un site intranet dintr-o re\u021bea intern\u0103, \u00een loc s\u0103 trimit\u0103 o cerere unui motor de c\u0103utare. Dac\u0103 furnizorul redirec\u021bioneaz\u0103 cererile c\u0103tre nume de domeniu inexistente, utilizatorii se confrunt\u0103 cu o problem\u0103 - orice cerere de c\u0103utare de un cuv\u00e2nt, introdus\u0103 \u00een bara de adrese, \u00eencepe s\u0103 fie redirec\u021bionat\u0103 c\u0103tre paginile furnizorului, \u00een loc s\u0103 fie direc\u021bionat\u0103 c\u0103tre motorul de c\u0103utare.<\/p>\n

Pentru a rezolva problema ap\u0103rut\u0103, dezvoltatorii Chromium au ad\u0103ugat \u00een browser verific\u0103ri suplimentare<\/a><\/noindex>, care, \u00een cazul identific\u0103rii redirec\u021bion\u0103rilor, modific\u0103 logica de procesare a cererilor \u00een bara de adrese.
\nLa fiecare pornire, modificare a set\u0103rilor DNS sau schimbare a adresei IP, browserul trimite trei interog\u0103ri DNS cu nume de domenii de prim nivel generate aleator, care au o mare probabilitate de a nu exista. Numele con\u021bin \u00eentre 7 \u0219i 15 litere latine (f\u0103r\u0103 puncte) \u0219i sunt folosite pentru a identifica redirec\u021bionarea numelui de domeniu inexistent de c\u0103tre furnizor la propriul s\u0103u gazd\u0103. Dac\u0103, \u00een timpul proces\u0103rii celor trei cereri HTTP cu nume aleatorii, dou\u0103 primesc un redirect c\u0103tre aceea\u0219i pagin\u0103, Chromium consider\u0103 c\u0103 utilizatorul a fost redirec\u021bionat c\u0103tre o pagin\u0103 extern\u0103.<\/p>\n

Ca semne pentru a eviden\u021bia activitatea Chromium din fluxul general de cereri c\u0103tre serverul DNS r\u0103d\u0103cin\u0103, au fost folosite dimensiuni neobi\u0219nuite ale domeniului de prim nivel (\u00eentre 7 \u0219i 15 litere) \u0219i factorul de repetabilitate a cererilor (numele erau generate la \u00eent\u00e2mplare de fiecare dat\u0103 \u0219i nu se repetau).
\n\u00cen jurnal, mai \u00eent\u00e2i au fost filtrate cererile de domenii inexistente (78,09%), apoi au fost eviden\u021biate cererile care se repetau de cel mult trei ori (51,41%), iar apoi au fost filtrate domeniile care con\u021bineau \u00eentre 7 \u0219i 15 litere (45,80%). Este interesant c\u0103 doar 21,91% din cererile c\u0103tre serverele r\u0103d\u0103cin\u0103 s-au dovedit a fi legate de identificarea domeniilor existente.<\/p>\n

\"Aproape<\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n

\u00cen cadrul studiului a fost studiat\u0103 \u0219i dependen\u021ba cre\u0219terii \u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103turii pe serverele r\u0103d\u0103cin\u0103 a.root-servers.net \u0219i j.root-servers.net de cre\u0219terea popularit\u0103\u021bii Chrome.<\/p>\n

\"Aproape<\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n

\u00cen Firefox, verific\u0103rile de redirec\u021bionare prin DNS sunt limitate<\/a><\/noindex> la identificarea redirec\u021bion\u0103rii c\u0103tre paginile de autentificare (captive portal) \u0219i implementate<\/a><\/noindex> de utilizarea<\/a><\/noindex> subdomeniul fixat \u201edetectportal.firefox.com\u201d, f\u0103r\u0103 a solicita numele de domeniu de nivel superior. Un astfel de comportament nu genereaz\u0103 o sarcin\u0103 suplimentar\u0103 pe serverele DNS r\u0103d\u0103cin\u0103, dar poate fi poten\u021bial fi considerat<\/a><\/noindex> o scurgere de date confiden\u021biale despre adresa IP a utilizatorului (la fiecare pornire se solicit\u0103 pagina \u201edetectportal.firefox.com\/success.txt\u201d). Pentru a dezactiva verificarea \u00een Firefox, exist\u0103 o op\u021biune denumit\u0103 \u201enetwork.captive-portal-service.enabled\u201d, care poate fi modificat\u0103 pe pagina \u201eabout:config\u201d.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Sursa: opennet.ro<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0443 \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0430 Chromium. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 DNS-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0443\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043a Chromium, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0442 DNS-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":92231,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-92230","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Aproape jum\u0103tate din traficul 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