{"id":96352,"date":"2020-10-10T19:42:57","date_gmt":"2020-10-10T17:42:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/dannye-vnutri-nas-chem-zanimayutsya-bioinformatiki"},"modified":"2020-10-10T19:42:57","modified_gmt":"2020-10-10T17:42:57","slug":"dannye-vnutri-nas-chem-zanimayutsya-bioinformatiki","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/administrirovanie\/dannye-vnutri-nas-chem-zanimayutsya-bioinformatiki","title":{"rendered":"Datele din interiorul nostru: Ce fac bioinformaticienii?","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/skillfactory\/blog\/522416\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Datele din interiorul nostru: Ce fac bioinformaticienii?\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/536d0b3fb4641c946cdfb122c88a7e6b.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nVor fi vorba despre oamenii viitorului, care decodeaz\u0103 big data organic\u0103. \u00cen ultimii dou\u0103zeci de ani, cantitatea de date biologice care pot fi analizate a crescut semnificativ, gra\u021bie secven\u021bierii genomului uman. \u00cenainta\u0219ii no\u0219tri nu ar fi putut s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i imagineze c\u0103 informa\u021biile stocate literalmente \u00een s\u00e2ngele nostru ar putea dezv\u0103lui originile noastre, s\u0103 ne arate cum va reac\u021biona organismul la anumite medicamente \u0219i chiar s\u0103 ne permit\u0103 s\u0103 ne modific\u0103m mo\u0219tenirea biologic\u0103. <br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nAcest articol \u0219i altele sunt publicate mai \u00eent\u00e2i \u00een <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.skillfactory.ru\/\">blog<\/a><\/noindex> pe site-ul nostru. Lectur\u0103 pl\u0103cut\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>\nAtributele unui bioinformatician mediu sunt acelea\u0219i ca ale unui programator: ochi ro\u0219ii, postur\u0103 g\u00e2rbovit\u0103 \u0219i urme de c\u00e2ni de cafea pe birou. Totu\u0219i, la acea mas\u0103, munca nu se concentreaz\u0103 pe algoritmi sau comenzi abstracte, ci pe codul \u00eens\u0103\u0219i al naturii, care ne poate spune multe despre noi \u0219i lumea din jur.<\/p>\n<p>Speciali\u0219tii din acest domeniu se ocup\u0103 cu volume uria\u0219e de date (de exemplu, rezultatele secven\u021bierii genomului unei persoane ocup\u0103 aproximativ 100 de gigabai\u021bi). Prin urmare, procesarea unei astfel de cantit\u0103\u021bi de informa\u021bii necesit\u0103 abord\u0103ri \u0219i instrumente din domeniul Data Science. Este logic c\u0103 un bioinformatician de succes trebuie s\u0103 aib\u0103 cuno\u0219tin\u021be nu doar \u00een biologie \u0219i chimie, ci \u0219i \u00een metode de analiz\u0103 a datelor, statistic\u0103 \u0219i matematic\u0103 \u2014 ceea ce face aceast\u0103 profesie destul de rar\u0103 \u0219i c\u0103utat\u0103. Aceste specializ\u0103ri sunt deosebit de necesare \u00een domeniile medicinei inovatoare \u0219i dezvolt\u0103rii de medicamente. Gigan\u021bi tehnologici precum IBM \u0219i Intel\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/researcher.watson.ibm.com\/researcher\/view_group.php?id=137\">\u00ee\u0219i deschid programele<\/a><\/noindex>, dedicate studiului bioinformaticii.<\/p>\n<h2>Ce este necesar pentru a deveni bioinformatician?<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Biologie \u0219i chimie (nivel universitar);<\/li>\n<li>Statistica matematic\u0103, algebr\u0103 liniar\u0103, teoria probabilit\u0103\u021bilor;<\/li>\n<li>Limbaje de programare (Python \u0219i R; de multe ori, se utilizeaz\u0103 \u0219i C++);<\/li>\n<li>Pentru bioinformatica structural\u0103: \u00een\u021belegerea analizei matematice \u0219i a teoriei ecua\u021biilor diferen\u021biale.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nSe poate intra \u00een domeniul bioinformaticii at\u00e2t cu o baz\u0103 biologic\u0103, c\u00e2t \u0219i cu cuno\u0219tin\u021be de programare \u0219i matematic\u0103. Pentru cei din primul grup, ar fi potrivit s\u0103 lucreze cu programele bioinformatice existente, iar pentru cei din al doilea \u2014 un profil mai algoritmic al specialit\u0103\u021bii.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Datele din interiorul nostru: Ce fac bioinformaticienii?\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/5192029ac900077228db8d9788953d8f.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Cu ce se ocup\u0103 bioinformaticienii?<\/h2>\n<p>\nBioinformatica modern\u0103 se \u00eemparte \u00een dou\u0103 ramuri principale - bioinformatica structural\u0103 \u0219i bioinformatica secven\u021belor. \u00cen primul caz, vedem o persoan\u0103 care st\u0103 \u00een fa\u021ba unui computer \u0219i ruleaz\u0103 programe care ajut\u0103 la studierea obiectelor biologice (de exemplu, ADN sau proteine) \u00een vizualiz\u0103ri 3D. Acestea construiesc modele computerizate care permit prezicerea modului \u00een care va interac\u021biona o molecul\u0103 de medicament cu o protein\u0103, cum arat\u0103 structura spa\u021bial\u0103 a proteinei \u00een celul\u0103, ce propriet\u0103\u021bi ale moleculei explic\u0103 interac\u021biunile acesteia cu structurile celulare etc. <\/p>\n<p>Metodele de bioinformatic\u0103 structural\u0103 sunt utilizate activ at\u00e2t \u00een \u0219tiin\u021ba academic\u0103, c\u00e2t \u0219i \u00een industrie: este greu de imaginat o companie farmaceutic\u0103 care s\u0103 nu aib\u0103 speciali\u0219ti \u00een acest domeniu. \u00cen ultimii ani, metodele computa\u021bionale au simplificat \u00een mod semnificativ procesul de c\u0103utare a medicamentelor poten\u021biale, f\u0103c\u00e2nd astfel dezvoltarea farmaceutic\u0103 un proces mult mai rapid \u0219i mai pu\u021bin costisitor.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Datele din interiorul nostru: Ce fac bioinformaticienii?\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/33c166685102e86dd497e2ac17a86525.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\nRNA-dependent RNA-polimeraza SARS-CoV-2 (st\u00e2nga), precum \u0219i leg\u0103tura sa cu duplexul de ARN.\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/pdb101.rcsb.org\/motm\/249\">Sursa.<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h2>Ce este genomul?<\/h2>\n<p>\nGenomul reprezint\u0103 toat\u0103 informa\u021bia despre structura eredit\u0103\u021bii unui organism. Practic, la toate formele de via\u021b\u0103, purt\u0103torul genomului este ADN-ul, dar exist\u0103 organisme care \u00ee\u0219i transmit informa\u021bia ereditare sub form\u0103 de ARN. Genomul este transmis de la p\u0103rin\u021bi la copii, iar \u00een timpul acestui proces de transmitere pot ap\u0103rea erori - muta\u021bii.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Datele din interiorul nostru: Ce fac bioinformaticienii?\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/2308841ee478fdd46312f36df7b134e1.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\nInterac\u021biunea medicamentului remdesivir cu RNA-dependent RNA-polimeraza virusului SARS-CoV-2.\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/science.sciencemag.org\/content\/early\/2020\/04\/30\/science.abc1560\/tab-article-info?versioned=true\">Sursa.<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Bioinformatica secven\u021belor lucreaz\u0103 cu un nivel de organizare mai \u00eenalt al materiei vii - \u00eencep\u00e2nd cu nucleotide individuale, ADN \u0219i gene, \u0219i termin\u00e2nd cu \u00eentregi genomuri \u0219i compara\u021bii \u00eentre acestea. <\/p>\n<p>Imaginati o persoan\u0103 care vede \u00een fa\u021ba sa un set de litere ale alfabetului (dar nu unul obi\u0219nuit, ci genetic sau de aminoacizi) \u0219i caut\u0103 \u00een ele tipare, explic\u00e2ndu-le \u0219i confirm\u00e2ndu-le statistic, folosind metode computa\u021bionale. Bioinformatic\u0103 a secven\u021belor explic\u0103 cu ce muta\u021bie este asociat\u0103 o anumit\u0103 maladie sau de ce substan\u021be d\u0103un\u0103toare se acumuleaz\u0103 \u00een s\u00e2ngele pacientului. Pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 datele medicale, bioinformaticienii secven\u021belor studiaz\u0103 modelele de r\u0103sp\u00e2ndire a organismelor pe P\u0103m\u00e2nt, diferen\u021bele popula\u021bionale dintre grupurile de animale, rolurile \u0219i func\u021biile genelor specifice. Datorit\u0103 acestei \u0219tiin\u021be, pot fi verificate eficien\u021ba medicamentelor \u0219i studiate mecanismele biologice care explic\u0103 ac\u021biunea lor. <\/p>\n<p>De exemplu, datorit\u0103 analizei bioinformatic\u0103 au fost descoperite \u0219i descrise muta\u021biile care conduc la dezvoltarea fibrozului chistic \u2014 o boal\u0103 monogenetic\u0103 cauzat\u0103 de defectarea genei unuia dintre canalele de clor. \u00cen plus, acum \u0219tim mult mai bine cine este cel mai apropiat rud\u0103 biologic\u0103 a omului \u0219i cum str\u0103mo\u0219ii no\u0219tri s-au r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit pe planet\u0103. Mai mult, fiecare persoan\u0103 care \u00ee\u0219i citeste genomul poate descoperi de unde provine familia sa \u0219i la ce grup etnic apar\u021bine. Multe servicii str\u0103ine (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.23andme.com\/en-int\/\">23andme<\/a><\/noindex>,\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.myheritage.com\/?lang=RU\">MyHeritage<\/a><\/noindex>) \u0219i ruse\u0219ti (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.genotek.ru\/\">Genotek<\/a><\/noindex>,\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/atlas.ru\/\">Atlas<\/a><\/noindex>) ofer\u0103 acest serviciu la un pre\u021b relativ mic (\u00een jur de 20.000 de ruble).<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Datele din interiorul nostru: Ce fac bioinformaticienii?\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/665c39b68b7765de247975d54295965d.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\nRezultatele analizei testului ADN pentru origine \u0219i apartenen\u021b\u0103 popula\u021bional\u0103 de la compania MyHeritage.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Datele din interiorul nostru: Ce fac bioinformaticienii?\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/094c673bae28ff97e04ac28e2ec19c62.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\nRezultatele analizei testului ADN pentru apartenen\u021b\u0103 popula\u021bional\u0103 de la compania 23andMe.<\/p>\n<h2>Cum se cite\u0219te genomul?<\/h2>\n<p>\nAst\u0103zi, secven\u021bierea genomului este o procedur\u0103 de rutin\u0103, care va costa pe oricine dore\u0219te aproximativ\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/genetico.ru\/price\/uslugi-po-sevenirovaniyu\">150<\/a><\/noindex>\u00a0mii de ruble (inclusiv \u00een Rusia). Pentru a citi genomul, este suficient s\u0103 donezi s\u00e2nge din ven\u0103 \u00eentr-un laborator special: dup\u0103 dou\u0103 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni vei primi rezultatul final cu o descriere detaliat\u0103 a caracteristicilor tale genetice. Pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 genomul t\u0103u, po\u021bi analiza \u0219i genomurile microbiotei intestinale: vei \u00eenv\u0103\u021ba despre bacteriile care locuiesc \u00een sistemul t\u0103u digestiv \u0219i vei primi o consulta\u021bie de la un dietetician profesionist.<\/p>\n<p>Genomul poate fi citit prin diverse metode, una dintre cele mai importante fiind a\u0219a-numitul \u201esecuen\u021biere de nou\u0103 genera\u021bie\u201d. Pentru a efectua aceast\u0103 procedur\u0103, trebuie mai \u00eent\u00e2i s\u0103 ob\u021binem mostre biologice. \u00cen fiecare celul\u0103 a organismului, genomul este identic, prin urmare, cel mai adesea, pentru citirea genomului se folose\u0219te s\u00e2ngele (ceea ce este cel mai simplu). Dup\u0103 aceea, celulele sunt distruse \u0219i ADN-ul este separat de restul. Apoi, ADN-ul ob\u021binut este t\u0103iat \u00een multe buc\u0103\u021bi mici \u0219i \u201esutur\u0103\u201d la fiecare dintre ele adaptoare specifice - secven\u021be cunoscute de nucleotide, sintetizate artificial. Apoi, lan\u021burile de ADN sunt separate, iar lan\u021burile monofilament sunt ata\u0219ate cu ajutorul adaptorilor la un panou special pe care se realizeaz\u0103 secven\u021bierea. \u00cen timpul secven\u021bierii, nucleotidele marcate fluorescent complementar sunt ad\u0103ugate la secven\u021ba de ADN. Fiecare nucleotide marcat\u0103 emite un fascicul de lumin\u0103 de o anumit\u0103 lungime de und\u0103, care este \u00eenregistrat pe computer. Astfel, computerul cite\u0219te secven\u021be scurte ale ADN-ului ini\u021bial, care apoi sunt asamblate \u00een genomul ini\u021bial cu ajutorul unor algoritmi specializa\u021bi. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Datele din interiorul nostru: Ce fac bioinformaticienii?\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/ef75492ee521ce99c4f56472b1904b10.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\nExemplu de date cu care lucreaz\u0103 bioinformaticienii: alinierea secven\u021belor de aminoacizi. <\/p>\n<h2>Unde lucreaz\u0103 \u0219i c\u00e2t c\u00e2\u0219tig\u0103 bioinformaticienii?<\/h2>\n<p>\nCalea bioinformaticianului este tradi\u021bional \u00eemp\u0103r\u021bit\u0103 \u00een dou\u0103 domenii principale - industrie \u0219i \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103. Cariera unui bioinformatician \u0219tiin\u021bific \u00eencepe de obicei cu o pozi\u021bie de cercetare postdoctoral\u0103 \u00eentr-unul din mari institute. Ini\u021bial, bioinformaticienii primesc un salariu de baz\u0103, care depinde de institutul lor, de num\u0103rul de granturi \u00een care particip\u0103, precum \u0219i de num\u0103rul de afilieri - locuri unde sunt angaja\u021bi oficial. Cu timpul, num\u0103rul de granturi \u0219i afilieri cre\u0219te, iar dup\u0103 c\u00e2\u021biva ani de munc\u0103 \u00een mediul academic, un bioinformatician poate ob\u021bine f\u0103r\u0103 probleme un salariu mediu (70-80 mii de ruble), \u00eens\u0103 multe depind de puterea de munc\u0103 \u0219i devotament. Cei mai experimenta\u021bi bioinformaticieni \u00ee\u0219i \u00eenfiin\u021beaz\u0103 \u00een cele din urm\u0103 propriile laboratoare \u00een domeniile lor de specializare.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Datele din interiorul nostru: Ce fac bioinformaticienii?\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/93dd91f70cb88dad950ece1f1417e89f.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Unde se pot studia bioinformaticienii?<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>MGU - Facultatea de Bioinginerie \u0219i Bioinformatic\u0103<\/li>\n<li>HSE - Analiza datelor \u00een biologie \u0219i medicin\u0103 (program de masterat)<\/li>\n<li>MFTI \u2014 Catedra de Bioinformatic\u0103<\/li>\n<li>Institutul de Bioinformatic\u0103 (NKO)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nSpre deosebire de academie, \u00een industrie nimeni nu va pierde timpul cu formarea angaja\u021bilor \u00een abilit\u0103\u021bile necesare, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t accesul acolo este de obicei mai greu. Traiectoria profesional\u0103 a unui bioinformatician \u00een industrie variaz\u0103 foarte mult \u00een func\u021bie de specializare \u0219i locul de munc\u0103. \u00cen medie, salariul \u00een acest domeniu variaz\u0103\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/rb.ru\/opinion\/segodnya-i-zavtra\/\">de la 70.000 p\u00e2n\u0103 la 150.000<\/a><\/noindex>\u00a0de lei, \u00een func\u021bie de experien\u021b\u0103 \u0219i specializare.\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2>Bioinformaticieni cunoscu\u021bi<\/h2>\n<p>\nIstoria bioinformaticii \u00eencepe cu Frederick Sanger, un om de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 englez care a c\u00e2\u0219tigat Premiul Nobel pentru Chimie \u00een 1980 pentru descoperirea unei metode de citire a secven\u021bei ADN-ului. De atunci, anual, metodele de citire a secven\u021belor au fost perfec\u021bionate, \u00eens\u0103 metoda \u201esecuen\u021bierii Sanger\u201d a servit drept baz\u0103 pentru toate cercet\u0103rile ulterioare \u00een acest domeniu.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Datele din interiorul nostru: Ce fac bioinformaticienii?\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/00e08a801b66d87729ae03152c14e991.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Apropo, multe dintre programele dezvoltate de oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 ru\u0219i sunt ast\u0103zi folosite pe scar\u0103 larg\u0103 \u00een \u00eentreaga lume \u2014 de exemplu, asamblorul genomic\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/cab.spbu.ru\/software\/spades\/\">SPAdes<\/a><\/noindex>, \u2014 asamblorul genomic din Sankt Petersburg, creat la Institutul din Sankt Petersburg, ajut\u0103 oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 din \u00eentreaga lume s\u0103 asambleze secven\u021be scurte de ADN \u00een secven\u021be mari, pentru a reconstrui genomurile originale ale organismelor.<\/p>\n<h2>Descoperiri \u0219i realiz\u0103ri \u00een bioinformatic\u0103<\/h2>\n<p>\n\u00cen zilele noastre, bioinformaticienii fac numeroase descoperiri utile. Nu ar fi fost posibil s\u0103 ne imagin\u0103m dezvoltarea unor medicamente pentru coronavirus f\u0103r\u0103 decodificarea genomului s\u0103u \u0219i analiza bioinformatic\u0103 complex\u0103 a proceselor care se desf\u0103\u0219oar\u0103 \u00een timpul bolii. O grupare\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pnas.org\/content\/117\/26\/15193.abstract\">interna\u021bional\u0103<\/a><\/noindex>\u00a0de oameni de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 a reu\u0219it, prin metode de genomic\u0103 comparativ\u0103 \u0219i \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare automat\u0103, s\u0103 \u00een\u021beleag\u0103 ce este comun coronavirusurilor cu alte patogene.<\/p>\n<p>S-a dovedit c\u0103 una dintre aceste caracteristici este intensificarea semnalelor de localizare nuclear\u0103 (NLS) ale virusurilor patogene \u00een timpul evolu\u021biei. Aceast\u0103 cercetare poate ajuta la studiul tulpinilor de virusuri care pot fi poten\u021bial periculoase pentru oameni \u00een viitor \u0219i, poate, la \u00eenceputul dezvolt\u0103rii preventive de medicamente.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen plus, bioinformaticienii au jucat un rol cheie \u00een dezvoltarea unor metode noi de editare a genomului, \u00een special, sistemul CRISPR\/Cas9 (tehnologia bazat\u0103 pe sistemul imunitar al\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/postnauka.ru\/video\/19459\">bacteriilor<\/a><\/noindex>). Datorit\u0103 analizei bioinformatice a structurii datelor proteinelor \u0219i a evolu\u021biei acestora, acurate\u021bea \u0219i eficien\u021ba acestui sistem au crescut considerabil \u00een ultimii ani, permi\u021b\u00e2nd editarea \u021bintit\u0103 a genomiilor multor organisme (inclusiv a omului).<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/skillfactory.ru\/?utm_source=infopartners&amp;utm_medium=habr&amp;utm_campaign=habr_banner&amp;utm_term=regular&amp;utm_content=habr_banner\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Datele din interiorul nostru: Ce fac bioinformaticienii?\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/23d7a5e5d1adb8f08e2216fbd39c7a64.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nOb\u021bine o profesie solicitat\u0103 de la zero sau \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021be\u0219te-\u021bi abilit\u0103\u021bile \u0219i salariul particip\u00e2nd la cursurile online SkillFactory:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" 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\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0431\u0438\u0433-\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0443.\u00a0\u0417\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0431\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0432\u044b\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0432\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u00a0\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0433\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430. \u0414\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0443\u043a\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u0432 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":96353,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-96352","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/administrirovanie\/dannye-vnutri-nas-chem-zanimayutsya-bioinformatiki\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One 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