{"id":99983,"date":"2021-04-22T16:23:36","date_gmt":"2021-04-22T14:23:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/microsoft-nachal-testirovanie-podderzhki-zapuska-gui-prilozhenij-linux-v-windows"},"modified":"2021-04-22T16:23:36","modified_gmt":"2021-04-22T14:23:38","slug":"microsoft-nachal-testirovanie-podderzhki-zapuska-gui-prilozhenij-linux-v-windows","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/microsoft-nachal-testirovanie-podderzhki-zapuska-gui-prilozhenij-linux-v-windows","title":{"rendered":"Microsoft a \u00eenceput testarea suportului pentru rularea aplica\u021biilor GUI Linux \u00een Windows","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Compania Microsoft a anun\u021bat \u00eenceperea test\u0103rii posibilit\u0103\u021bii de a rula aplica\u021bii Linux cu interfa\u021b\u0103 grafic\u0103 \u00een medii bazate pe subsystem WSL2 (Windows Subsystem for Linux), destinat pentru a rula fi\u0219iere executabile Linux \u00een Windows. Aplica\u021biile se integreaz\u0103 complet cu desktopul principal Windows, inclusiv suport pentru plasarea shortcut-urilor \u00een meniul Start, redarea sunetului, \u00eenregistrarea cu microfonul, accelerarea hardware OpenGL, afi\u0219area informa\u021biilor despre programe \u00een bara de activit\u0103\u021bi, comutarea \u00eentre programe prin Alt-Tab, copierea datelor \u00eentre programele Windows \u0219i Linux prin clipboard.

\"Microsoft<\/center> <\/p>\n

Pentru organizarea afi\u0219\u0103rii interfe\u021bei aplica\u021biilor Linux pe desktopul principal Windows, este utilizat managerul de compozi\u021bie RAIL-Shell dezvoltat de Microsoft, care utilizeaz\u0103 protocolul Wayland \u0219i se bazeaz\u0103 pe baza de cod Weston. Afi\u0219area se realizeaz\u0103 prin intermediul backend-ului RDP-RAIL (RDP Remote Application Integrated Locally), care se deosebe\u0219te de backend-ul RDP anterior disponibil \u00een Weston prin faptul c\u0103 managerul de compozi\u021bie nu efectueaz\u0103 el \u00eensu\u0219i redarea desktopului, ci redirec\u021bioneaz\u0103 suprafe\u021bele individuale (wl_surface) prin canalul RDP RAIL pentru a fi afi\u0219ate pe desktopul principal Windows. Pentru a rula aplica\u021bii X11 se utilizeaz\u0103 XWayland.

\"Microsoft<\/center> <\/p>\n

Afi\u0219area sunetului este organizat\u0103 cu ajutorul server<\/a> PulseAudio, care interac\u021bioneaz\u0103 \u0219i cu Windows prin intermediul protocolului RDP (pentru redarea sunetului se folose\u0219te pluginul rdp-sink, iar pentru introducere \u2014 rdp-source). Serverul compozit, XWayland \u0219i PulseAudio sunt incluse \u00eentr-un mini-distribu\u021bie unificat\u0103 WSLGd, care con\u021bine componente pentru abstractizarea subsistemelor grafice \u0219i audio \u0219i se bazeaz\u0103 pe distribu\u021bia CBL-Mariner Linux, folosit\u0103 \u0219i \u00een infrastructura de cloud a Microsoft. WSLGd se lanseaz\u0103 folosind mecanisme de virtualizare, iar pentru partajarea \u00eentre mediu-gazd\u0103 Linux \u0219i sistemul gazd\u0103 Windows se folose\u0219te virtio-fs. <\/p>\n

Ca servere RDP<\/a>, lansat \u00een mediu Linux WSLGd, se utilizeaz\u0103 FreeRDP, iar pe partea Windows clientul RDP este mstsc. Un handler WSLDVCPlugin a fost preg\u0103tit pentru a identifica aplica\u021biile grafice Linux disponibile \u0219i pentru a le afi\u0219a \u00een meniul Windows. \u00cen medii WSL2 cu distribu\u021bii Linux standard, precum Ubuntu, Debian \u0219i CentOS, setul de componente care ruleaz\u0103 \u00een WSLGd interac\u021bioneaz\u0103 prin furnizarea de socketuri care gestioneaz\u0103 cererile prin protocoale Wayland, X11 \u0219i PulseAudio. Wrapper-urile preg\u0103tite pentru WSLGd sunt distribuite sub licen\u021ba MIT. <\/p>\n

Pentru instalarea WSLGd este necesar\u0103 disponibilitatea Windows 10 Insider Preview, versiune minim\u0103 21362. Ulterior, op\u021biunea de instalare a WSLGd va fi disponibil\u0103 \u0219i pentru versiunile obi\u0219nuite ale Windows, f\u0103r\u0103 a necesita participarea \u00een programul Insider Preview. Instalarea WSLGd se face printr-o comand\u0103 standard \u201ewsl \u2014install\u201d, de exemplu, pentru Ubuntu \u2014 \u201ewsl \u2014install -d Ubuntu\u201d. Pentru mediile existente WSL2, instalarea WSLGd se face prin comanda \u201ewsl \u2014update\u201d (sunt acceptate doar mediile WSL2 care utilizeaz\u0103 kernel Linux, nu traducerea apelurilor). Aplica\u021biile grafice sunt instalate prin managerul de pachete standard al distribu\u021biei. <\/p>\n

WSLGd ofer\u0103 doar mecanisme pentru redarea graficii 2D, iar pentru accelerarea graficii 3D bazate pe OpenGL \u00een distribu\u021biile instalate \u00een WSL2 se recomand\u0103 utilizarea unui GPU virtual (vGPU). Driver-ele vGPU pentru WSL sunt disponibile pentru cipurile AMD, Intel \u0219i NVIDIA. Accelerarea graficii se realizeaz\u0103 prin furnizarea unei interfe\u021be cu o implementare OpenGL deasupra DirectX 12. Interfa\u021ba este implementat\u0103 sub forma unui driver d3d12, integrat \u00een compunerea principal\u0103 Mesa 21.0, dezvoltata \u00eempreun\u0103 cu compania Collabora. <\/p>\n

Func\u021bionarea GPU-ului virtual este realizat\u0103 \u00een Linux prin intermediul dispozitivului \/dev\/dxg, cu servicii care replic\u0103 WDDM (Windows Display Driver Model) D3DKMT al nucleului Windows. Driverul organizeaz\u0103 conexiunea cu GPU-ul fizic prin intermediul VM bus. Aplica\u021biile Linux au acela\u0219i nivel de acces la GPU ca \u0219i aplica\u021biile native pentru Windows, f\u0103r\u0103 a folosi separarea resurselor \u00eentre Windows \u0219i Linux. Testarea performan\u021bei pe dispozitivul Surface Book Gen3 cu GPU Intel a ar\u0103tat c\u0103, \u00een mediul nativ Win32, testul Geeks3D GpuTest afi\u0219eaz\u0103 19 FPS, \u00een mediul Linux cu vGPU \u2014 18 FPS, iar la redarea software \u00een Mesa \u2014 1 FPS.

\r\n \"Reda\u021bi\r\n
<\/div>\r\n <\/div><\/center>
\n
Sursa: opennet.ro<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Microsoft \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 Linux-\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b WSL2 (Windows Subsystem for Linux), \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 Linux \u0432 Windows. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c Windows, \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044e Start, \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0432\u0443\u043a\u0430, \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0441 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0444\u043e\u043d\u0430, \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 OpenGL, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":99984,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-99983","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Microsoft a \u00eenceput testarea suportului pentru rularea aplica\u021biilor GUI Linux \u00een Windows | ProHoster","description":"Compania Microsoft a anun\u021bat c\u0103 a \u00eenceput testarea posibilit\u0103\u021bii de a rula aplica\u021bii Linux cu interfa\u021b\u0103 grafic\u0103 \u00een medii bazate pe subsistemul WSL2 (Windows 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