{"id":104601,"date":"2022-07-05T15:36:51","date_gmt":"2022-07-05T13:36:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/deczentralizovannye-identifikatory-budut-standartizirovany-nesmotrya-na-vozrazheniya-google-i-mozilla"},"modified":"2022-07-05T15:36:51","modified_gmt":"2022-07-05T13:36:51","slug":"deczentralizovannye-identifikatory-budut-standartizirovany-nesmotrya-na-vozrazheniya-google-i-mozilla","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/deczentralizovannye-identifikatory-budut-standartizirovany-nesmotrya-na-vozrazheniya-google-i-mozilla","title":{"rendered":"Decentralizovan\u00e9 identifik\u00e1tory bud\u00fa \u0161tandardizovan\u00e9, napriek n\u00e1mietkam Google a Mozilla.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Tim Berners-Lee ozn\u00e1mil rozhodnutie zasadi\u0165 \u0161pecifik\u00e1ciu definuj\u00facu decentralizovan\u00e9 identifik\u00e1tory pre Web (DID, Decentralized Identifier) do statusu odpor\u00fa\u010dan\u00e9ho \u0161tandardu. N\u00e1mietky vyjadren\u00e9 spolo\u010dnos\u0165ami Google a Mozilla boli zamietnut\u00e9. <\/p>\n

\u0160pecifik\u00e1cia DID zav\u00e1dza nov\u00fd typ unik\u00e1tnych glob\u00e1lnych identifik\u00e1torov, ktor\u00e9 nie s\u00fa viazan\u00e9 na jednotliv\u00e9 centralizovan\u00e9 slu\u017eby a organiz\u00e1cie, ako s\u00fa registr\u00e1tori dom\u00e9n a certifika\u010dn\u00e9 autority. Identifik\u00e1tor m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 spojen\u00fd s ak\u00fdmko\u013evek zdrojom a m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 generovan\u00fd pomocou syst\u00e9mov, ktor\u00fdm d\u00f4veruje vlastn\u00edk zdroja. Na overenie pravdivosti identifik\u00e1tora sa pou\u017e\u00edva autentifik\u00e1cia s d\u00f4kazom vlastn\u00edctva zalo\u017een\u00e1 na kryptografick\u00fdch mechanizmoch, ako s\u00fa digit\u00e1lne podpisy. \u0160pecifik\u00e1cia umo\u017e\u0148uje pou\u017eitie r\u00f4znych met\u00f3d distribuovan\u00e9ho riadenia a z\u00edskavania inform\u00e1ci\u00ed o identifik\u00e1toroch vr\u00e1tane met\u00f3d zalo\u017een\u00fdch na blockchaine. <\/p>\n

Form\u00e1t nov\u00e9ho URI sa vytv\u00e1ra ako \u201edid:met\u00f3da:unik\u00e1tny_identifik\u00e1tor\u201c, kde \u201edid\u201c ur\u010duje nov\u00fa sch\u00e9mu URI, \u201emet\u00f3da\u201c odkazuje na mechanizmus spracovania identifik\u00e1tora a \u201eunik\u00e1tny_identifik\u00e1tor\u201c predstavuje \u0161pecifick\u00fd identifik\u00e1tor zdroja pre vybran\u00fa met\u00f3du, napr\u00edklad \u201edid:example:123456789abcdefghi\u201c. V poli s met\u00f3dou je uveden\u00e9 meno pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu ukladania overen\u00fdch \u00fadajov, ktor\u00fd zaru\u010duje jedine\u010dnos\u0165 identifik\u00e1tora, ur\u010duje jeho form\u00e1t a zabezpe\u010duje prepojenie identifik\u00e1tora so zdrojom, pre ktor\u00fd bol vytvoren\u00fd. URI s identifik\u00e1torom sa transformuje na dokument vo form\u00e1te JSON s metad\u00e1tami, ktor\u00e9 popisuj\u00fa po\u017eadovan\u00fa objekty a obsahuj\u00fa verejn\u00e9 k\u013e\u00fa\u010de na overenie vlastn\u00edka.

\"Decentralizovan\u00e9<\/center> <\/p>\n

Realiz\u00e1cie met\u00f3d presahuj\u00fa r\u00e1mec \u0161tandardu DID, s\u00fa definovan\u00e9 vo svojich \u0161pecifik\u00e1ci\u00e1ch a s\u00fa podporovan\u00e9 v samostatnom registri. V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti je navrhnut\u00fdch 135 met\u00f3d na z\u00e1klade r\u00f4znych blok\u010d chainov, kryptografick\u00fdch algoritmov, distribuovan\u00fdch technol\u00f3gi\u00ed, decentralizovan\u00fdch DB, P2P syst\u00e9mov a mechanizmov identifik\u00e1cie. Takisto je povolen\u00e9 vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 obvody DID nad centralizovan\u00fdmi syst\u00e9mami; napr\u00edklad met\u00f3da web umo\u017e\u0148uje pou\u017ei\u0165 prepojenie na tradi\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy hostite\u013eov (napr\u00edklad \u201edid:web:example.com\u201c). <\/p>\n

N\u00e1mietky Google s\u00favisia s oddelen\u00edm \u0161pecifik\u00e1cie od v\u0161eobecn\u00e9ho mechanizmu decentralizovan\u00fdch identifik\u00e1torov od \u0161pecifik\u00e1ci\u00ed na kone\u010dn\u00e9 realiz\u00e1cie met\u00f3d, \u010do neumo\u017e\u0148uje analyzova\u0165 spr\u00e1vnos\u0165 z\u00e1kladnej \u0161pecifik\u00e1cie bez \u0161t\u00fadia \u0161pecifik\u00e1ci\u00ed met\u00f3d. Zverejnenie z\u00e1kladnej \u0161pecifik\u00e1cie bez pripravenosti \u0161pecifik\u00e1ci\u00ed met\u00f3d s\u0165a\u017euje recenzovanie a Google navrhol odlo\u017ei\u0165 \u0161tandardiz\u00e1ciu v\u0161eobecnej \u0161pecifik\u00e1cie DID do doby, ke\u010f bud\u00fa pripraven\u00e9 \u0161tandardiz\u00e1cie nieko\u013ek\u00fdch najlep\u0161\u00edch met\u00f3d, preto\u017ee po\u010das \u0161tandardiz\u00e1cie met\u00f3d sa m\u00f4\u017eu objavi\u0165 jemnosti vy\u017eaduj\u00face \u00fapravy z\u00e1kladnej \u0161pecifik\u00e1cie. <\/p>\n

N\u00e1mietky Mozilla sa t\u00fdkaj\u00fa toho, \u017ee \u0161pecifik\u00e1cia nezabezpe\u010duje dostato\u010dne prenosnos\u0165, \u010d\u00edm pren\u00e1\u0161a t\u00fato ot\u00e1zku na stranu registra met\u00f3d. V registri u\u017e bolo navrhnut\u00fdch viac ne\u017e sto met\u00f3d, vytvoren\u00fdch bez oh\u013eadu na kompatibilitu a unifik\u00e1ciu typov\u00fdch rie\u0161en\u00ed. V aktu\u00e1lnej podobe sa podporuje vytv\u00e1ranie novej met\u00f3dy pre ka\u017ed\u00fd probl\u00e9m, namiesto pokusu o prisp\u00f4sobenie existuj\u00facich met\u00f3d svojim potreb\u00e1m. <\/p>\n

Poz\u00edcia W3C spo\u010d\u00edva v tom, \u017ee \u0161tandardiz\u00e1cia \u0161pecifik\u00e1cie DID, ktor\u00e1 definuje nov\u00fa roz\u0161\u00edrite\u013en\u00fa triedu identifik\u00e1torov a s\u00favisiaci syntax, bude podnetom na v\u00fdvoj met\u00f3d a dosiahnutie konsenzu oh\u013eadom \u0161tandardiz\u00e1cie met\u00f3d. V s\u00fa\u010dasnej podobe existuje dostatok d\u00f4kazov o pou\u017eite\u013enosti z\u00e1kladnej \u0161pecifik\u00e1cie na rie\u0161enie \u00faloh, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa po\u017eadovan\u00e9 v komunite vyv\u00edjaj\u00facej decentralizovan\u00e9 technol\u00f3gie. Navrhovan\u00e9 realiz\u00e1cie met\u00f3d by nemali by\u0165 hodnoten\u00e9 analogicky k nov\u00fdm sch\u00e9mam URL a vytv\u00e1ranie ve\u013ek\u00e9ho po\u010dtu met\u00f3d sa m\u00f4\u017ee pova\u017eova\u0165 za zhodu z\u00e1kladnej \u0161pecifik\u00e1cie s potrebami v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rov. <\/p>\n

\u0160tandardiz\u00e1cia ur\u010dit\u00fdch met\u00f3d sa pova\u017euje za zlo\u017eitej\u0161iu \u00falohu, pokia\u013e ide o dosiahnutie konsenzu medzi v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rmi, ne\u017e \u0161tandardiz\u00e1cia v\u0161eobecnej triedy identifik\u00e1torov. Preto sa schv\u00e1lenie v\u0161eobecnej \u0161pecifik\u00e1cie pred \u0161tandardiz\u00e1ciou met\u00f3d pova\u017euje za rozhodnutie, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017ee sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 men\u0161ie potenci\u00e1lne \u0161kody pre komunitu, ktor\u00e1 zav\u00e1dza decentralizovan\u00e9 identifik\u00e1tory.
\n
Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0422\u0438\u043c \u0411\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0441-\u041b\u0438 (Tim Berners-Lee) \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043e \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f Web (DID, Decentralized Identifier), \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430. \u0412\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0437\u0430\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 Google \u0438 Mozilla, \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u044b. \u0421\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f DID \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0438\u043f \u0443\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0433\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u0430\u043c \u0438 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u044b. \u0418\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":104602,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-104601","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Decentralizovan\u00e9 identifik\u00e1tory bud\u00fa \u0161tandardizovan\u00e9, napriek 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