{"id":105078,"date":"2022-09-12T21:36:56","date_gmt":"2022-09-12T19:36:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/reliz-nncp-8-8-0-utilit-dlya-peredachi-fajlov-komand-v-rezhime-store-and-forward"},"modified":"2022-09-12T21:36:56","modified_gmt":"2022-09-12T19:36:56","slug":"reliz-nncp-8-8-0-utilit-dlya-peredachi-fajlov-komand-v-rezhime-store-and-forward","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/reliz-nncp-8-8-0-utilit-dlya-peredachi-fajlov-komand-v-rezhime-store-and-forward","title":{"rendered":"Vydanie NNCP 8.8.0, n\u00e1strojov na prenos s\u00faborov\/pr\u00edkazov v re\u017eime store-and-forward","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Bol sa uvo\u013enen\u00fd Node-to-Node CoPy (NNCP), s\u00fabor n\u00e1strojov na bezpe\u010dn\u00fd prenos s\u00faborov, e-mailov a pr\u00edkazov na vykonanie v re\u017eime store-and-forward. Podporuje pr\u00e1cu na opera\u010dn\u00fdch syst\u00e9moch kompatibiln\u00fdch s POSIX. N\u00e1stroje s\u00fa nap\u00edsan\u00e9 v jazyku Go a distribuovan\u00e9 pod licenciou GPLv3.    <\/p>\n<p>N\u00e1stroje s\u00fa zameran\u00e9 na pomoc pri budovan\u00ed mal\u00fdch rovnocenn\u00fdch priate\u013esk\u00fdch siet\u00ed (desiatky uzlov) so statickou routingu na bezpe\u010dn\u00fd prenos s\u00faborov v re\u017eime fire-and-forget, po\u017eiadavky na s\u00fabory, e-mail a pr\u00edkazy na vykonanie. V\u0161etky pren\u00e1\u0161an\u00e9 pakety s\u00fa \u0161ifrovan\u00e9 (end-to-end) a explicitne overovan\u00e9 zn\u00e1mymi verejn\u00fdmi k\u013e\u00fa\u010dmi priate\u013eov. Cibu\u013ekov\u00e9 (ako v Tor) \u0161ifrovanie sa aplikuje na v\u0161etky medzi\u00farov\u0148ov\u00e9 pakety. Ka\u017ed\u00fd uzol m\u00f4\u017ee fungova\u0165 ako klient aj ako <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/server\/dts-los-angeles\/\"   title=\"servera\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3854\">servera<\/a> a pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 obidva modely spr\u00e1vania, push aj poll.    <\/p>\n<p>Rozdiel NNCP od rie\u0161en\u00ed UUCP a FTN (FidoNet Technology Network), okrem vy\u0161\u0161ie spomenut\u00e9ho \u0161ifrovania a autentifik\u00e1cie, je podpora na \u00farovni sie\u0165ov\u00fdch floppinetov a po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa fyzicky izolovan\u00e9 (air-gapped) od nezabezpe\u010den\u00fdch lok\u00e1lnych a verejn\u00fdch siet\u00ed. Jedine\u010dnos\u0165ou NNCP je tie\u017e jednoduch\u00e1 integr\u00e1cia (rovnako ako UUCP) s aktu\u00e1lnymi po\u0161tov\u00fdmi <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/server\/dts-dusseldorf\/\"   title=\"servermi\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3454\">servermi<\/a>, ako s\u00fa Postfix a Exim.  <\/p>\n<p>Medzi mo\u017en\u00e9 oblasti vyu\u017eitia NNCP patr\u00ed organiz\u00e1cia odosielania\/prij\u00edmania po\u0161ty na zariadenia bez trval\u00e9ho pripojenia na internet, prenos s\u00faborov v podmienkach nestabiln\u00e9ho sie\u0165ov\u00e9ho pripojenia, bezpe\u010dn\u00fd prenos ve\u013emi ve\u013ek\u00fdch objemov d\u00e1t na fyzick\u00fdch nosi\u010doch, vytv\u00e1ranie chr\u00e1nen\u00fdch pred \u00fatokmi MitM izolovan\u00fdch siet\u00ed na prenos d\u00e1t, ob\u00eddenie sie\u0165ovej cenz\u00fary a sledovania. Ke\u010f\u017ee k\u013e\u00fa\u010d na de\u0161ifrovanie m\u00e1 iba pr\u00edjemca, bez oh\u013eadu na cesty doru\u010denia paketu po sieti alebo cez fyzick\u00e9 nosi\u010de, tretia strana nem\u00f4\u017ee pre\u010d\u00edta\u0165 obsah, ani ke\u010f zachyt\u00ed z\u00e1sielku. Na druhej strane autentifik\u00e1cia pomocou digit\u00e1lneho podpisu neumo\u017e\u0148uje vytvori\u0165 fikt\u00edvnu z\u00e1sielku pod z\u00e1mienkou in\u00e9ho odosielate\u013ea.  <\/p>\n<p>Medzi novinkami NNCP 8.8.0, v porovnan\u00ed s predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facou verziou (5.0.0):    <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Namiesto hashu BLAKE2b na kontrolu integrity s\u00faborov bol pou\u017eit\u00fd takzvan\u00fd MTH: Merkle Tree-based Hashing, ktor\u00fd vyu\u017e\u00edva hash BLAKE3. To umo\u017e\u0148uje vypo\u010d\u00edta\u0165 integritu \u0161ifrovanej \u010dasti bal\u00edka priamo po\u010das s\u0165ahovania, bez potreby jej neskor\u0161ieho \u010d\u00edtania. Tie\u017e to poskytuje mo\u017enos\u0165 neobmedzen\u00e9ho paralelizovania kontroly integrity.\n<li class=\"l\"> Nov\u00fd form\u00e1t \u0161ifrovan\u00fdch paketov je \u00faplne priate\u013esk\u00fd k streamovaniu, ke\u010f je ve\u013ekos\u0165 d\u00e1t vopred nezn\u00e1ma. Sign\u00e1l o dokon\u010den\u00ed prenosu so overenou ve\u013ekos\u0165ou prech\u00e1dza priamo v \u0161ifrovanom pr\u00fade. Predt\u00fdm bolo potrebn\u00e9 uchov\u00e1va\u0165 pren\u00e1\u0161an\u00e9 \u00fadaje do do\u010dasn\u00e9ho s\u00faboru, aby sa zistila ich ve\u013ekos\u0165. Tak odo\u0161la mo\u017enos\u0165 \u201e-use-tmp\u201c od t\u00edmu \u201enncp-exec\u201c pre \u00fapln\u00fa zbyto\u010dnos\u0165.\n<li class=\"l\"> Funkcie BLAKE2b KDF a XOF boli nahraden\u00e9 BLAKE3 s cie\u013eom zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 po\u010det pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch kryptografick\u00fdch primit\u00edvov a zjednodu\u0161i\u0165 k\u00f3d.\n<li class=\"l\"> Objavila sa mo\u017enos\u0165 zistenia in\u00fdch uzlov v lok\u00e1lnej sieti prostredn\u00edctvom multicastov\u00e9ho rozosielania na adresu \u201eff02::4e4e:4350\u201c.\n<li class=\"l\"> Objavili sa multicastov\u00e9 skupiny (anal\u00f3g echo konferenci\u00ed FidoNet alebo novinov\u00fdch skup\u00edn Usenet), ktor\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa posiela\u0165 d\u00e1ta jedn\u00fdm bal\u00edkom viacer\u00fdm \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkom skupiny, kde ka\u017ed\u00fd tie\u017e retransmisuje bal\u00edk ostatn\u00fdm signat\u00e1rom. \u010c\u00edtanie multicastov\u00e9ho bal\u00edka si vy\u017eaduje znalos\u0165 k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9ho p\u00e1ru (mus\u00ed by\u0165 jasne \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkom skupiny), ale retransmisia m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 vykonan\u00e1 ak\u00fdmko\u013evek uzlom.\n<li class=\"l\"> Zabudovan\u00e1 podpora explicitn\u00e9ho potvrdenia prijatia bal\u00edka. Odosielate\u013e nemus\u00ed po odoslan\u00ed vymaza\u0165 bal\u00edk, pri\u010dom \u010dak\u00e1 na zvl\u00e1\u0161tny ACK bal\u00edk od pr\u00edjemcu.\n<li class=\"l\"> Zabudovan\u00e1 podpora overlay siete Yggdrasil: online d\u00e9moni m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 plnohodnotn\u00fdmi samostatn\u00fdmi \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkmi siete bez potreby pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 extern\u00e9 implement\u00e1cie Yggdrasil a plne pracova\u0165 s IP z\u00e1sobn\u00edkom na virtu\u00e1lnom sie\u0165ovom rozhran\u00ed.\n<li class=\"l\"> Namiesto \u0161trukt\u00farovan\u00fdch re\u0165azcov (RFC 3339) pou\u017e\u00edva denn\u00edk z\u00e1znamy recfile, s ktor\u00fdmi je mo\u017en\u00e9 vyu\u017ei\u0165 n\u00e1stroje GNU Recutils.\n<li class=\"l\"> Volite\u013ene m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 hlavi\u010dky \u0161ifrovan\u00fdch paketov ulo\u017een\u00e9 v samostatn\u00fdch s\u00faboroch v podadres\u00e1ri \u201ehdr\/\u201c, \u010do v\u00fdrazne zr\u00fdch\u013euje oper\u00e1cie z\u00edskania zoznamu paketov na s\u00faborov\u00fdch syst\u00e9moch s ve\u013ek\u00fdm blokov\u00fdm rozmerom, ako je ZFS. Predt\u00fdm vy\u017eadovalo z\u00edskanie hlavi\u010dky paketu \u010d\u00edtanie cel\u00e9ho bloku 128KiB z disku.\n<li class=\"l\"> Kontrola pr\u00edtomnosti nov\u00fdch s\u00faborov m\u00f4\u017ee volite\u013ene pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 podsystemy jadra kqueue a inotify, \u010d\u00edm sa zni\u017euje po\u010det syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch volan\u00ed.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00e1stroje dr\u017eia menej otvoren\u00fdch s\u00faborov, uzatv\u00e1ranie a op\u00e4tovn\u00e9 otv\u00e1ranie sa deje menej \u010dasto. Pri ve\u013ekom po\u010dte bal\u00edkov sa predt\u00fdm mohlo sta\u0165, \u017ee sa obmedzilo maxim\u00e1lne mo\u017en\u00e9 mno\u017estvo otvoren\u00fdch s\u00faborov.\n<li class=\"l\"> Mnoho pr\u00edkazov za\u010dalo zobrazova\u0165 progres a r\u00fdchlos\u0165 vykon\u00e1vania oper\u00e1ci\u00ed, ako s\u00fa s\u0165ahovanie\/vykladanie, kop\u00edrovanie a spracovanie (toss) bal\u00edkov.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pr\u00edkaz \u201enncp-file\u201c m\u00f4\u017ee posiela\u0165 nielen jednotliv\u00e9 s\u00fabory, ale aj adres\u00e1re, pri\u010dom na po\u010dkanie vytv\u00e1ra pax-arch\u00edv s ich obsahom.\n<li class=\"l\"> Online n\u00e1stroje m\u00f4\u017eu volite\u013ene okam\u017eite spusti\u0165 proces spracovania paketov (tossing) po \u00faspe\u0161nom stiahnut\u00ed paketu, bez spustenia samostatn\u00e9ho d\u00e9mona \u201enncp-toss\u201c.\n<li class=\"l\"> Online vyvolanie in\u00e9ho \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edka m\u00f4\u017ee volite\u013ene prebieha\u0165 nielen na z\u00e1klade udalosti \u010dasova\u010da, ale aj na z\u00e1klade pr\u00edchodu odch\u00e1dzaj\u00faceho bal\u00edka do spool adres\u00e1ra.\n<li class=\"l\"> Zabezpe\u010den\u00e1 funk\u010dnos\u0165 pod opera\u010dn\u00fdmi syst\u00e9mami NetBSD a OpenBSD, okrem predt\u00fdm podporovan\u00fdch FreeBSD a GNU\/Linux.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u201enncp-daemon\u201c je \u00faplne kompatibiln\u00fd s rozhran\u00edm UCSPI-TCP. V kombin\u00e1cii s mo\u017enos\u0165ou zaznamen\u00e1vania do ur\u010den\u00e9ho s\u00faborov\u00e9ho deskriptora (napr\u00edklad nastaven\u00edm \u201eNNCPLOG=FD:4\u201c) je plne priate\u013esk\u00fd k sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165aniu pod n\u00e1strojmi podobn\u00fdmi na daemontools.\n<li class=\"l\"> Stavba projektu bola \u00faplne prelo\u017een\u00e1 na syst\u00e9m redo.  <\/ul>\n<p>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=57771\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 Node-to-Node CoPy (NNCP), \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432, \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435 store-and-forward. \u041f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 POSIX-\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445. \u0423\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 Go \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0435\u0439 GPLv3. \u0423\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044b \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0433\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 friend-to-friend \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439 (\u0434\u044e\u0436\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0443\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0432) \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-105078","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 Node-to-Node CoPy (NNCP), \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432, \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 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property=\"og:title\" content=\"\ud83e\udd47\u0420\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 NNCP 8.8.0, \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\/\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435 store-and-forward | ProHoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 Node-to-Node CoPy (NNCP), \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432, \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 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