Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Google ozn\u00e1mila otvorenie svojich pr\u00e1c s\u00favisiacich s projektom KataOS, ktor\u00fd je zameran\u00fd na vytvorenie zabezpe\u010den\u00e9ho opera\u010dn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu pre vstavan\u00e9 zariadenia. Syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 komponenty KataOS s\u00fa nap\u00edsan\u00e9 v jazyku Rust a be\u017eia na mikrojadre seL4, pre ktor\u00e9 bolo na syst\u00e9moch RISC-V poskytnut\u00e9 matematick\u00e9 d\u00f4kazov\u00e9 osved\u010denie o spo\u013eahlivosti, preukazuj\u00face, \u017ee k\u00f3d je v plnom s\u00falade so \u0161pecifik\u00e1ciami uveden\u00fdmi v form\u00e1lnom jazyku. K\u00f3d projektu je otvoren\u00fd pod licenciou Apache 2.0. <\/p>\n
Syst\u00e9m poskytuje podporu pre platformy zalo\u017een\u00e9 na architekt\u00farach RISC-V a ARM64. Na simul\u00e1ciu \u010dinnosti seL4 a prostredia KataOS na hardv\u00e9ri po\u010das v\u00fdvoja sa pou\u017e\u00edva r\u00e1mec Renode. Ako referen\u010dn\u00e1 implement\u00e1cia bol navrhnut\u00fd softv\u00e9rovo-hardv\u00e9rov\u00fd komplex Sparrow, kombinuj\u00faci KataOS s bezpe\u010dn\u00fdmi \u010dipmi na platforme OpenTitan. Navrhnut\u00e9 rie\u0161enie umo\u017e\u0148uje zl\u00fa\u010di\u0165 logicky overen\u00e9 jadro opera\u010dn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu s d\u00f4veryhodn\u00fdmi hardv\u00e9rov\u00fdmi komponentmi (RoT, Root of Trust), postaven\u00fdmi s pou\u017eit\u00edm platformy OpenTitan a architekt\u00fary RISC-V. Okrem k\u00f3du KataOS sa pl\u00e1nuje v bud\u00facnosti otvori\u0165 aj v\u0161etky ostatn\u00e9 komponenty Sparrow, vr\u00e1tane hardv\u00e9rovej s\u00fa\u010dasti. <\/p>\n
Platforma sa vyv\u00edja s oh\u013eadom na aplik\u00e1cie v \u0161pecializovan\u00fdch \u010dipoch, ur\u010den\u00fdch na vykon\u00e1vanie aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed pre strojov\u00e9 u\u010denie a spracovanie citliv\u00fdch inform\u00e1ci\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 vy\u017eaduj\u00fa zvl\u00e1\u0161tnu \u00farove\u0148 zabezpe\u010denia a potvrdenia nepr\u00edtomnosti por\u00fach. Ako pr\u00edklad tak\u00fdchto aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed sa uv\u00e1dzaj\u00fa syst\u00e9my manipuluj\u00face s obrazmi \u013eud\u00ed a hlasov\u00fdmi nahr\u00e1vkami. Pou\u017eitie verifik\u00e1cie spo\u013eahlivosti v KataOS zaru\u010duje, \u017ee v pr\u00edpade poruchy v jednej \u010dasti syst\u00e9mu sa t\u00e1to porucha nepren\u00e1\u0161a na zvy\u0161ok syst\u00e9mu, najm\u00e4 na jadro a kritick\u00e9 \u010dasti. <\/p>\n
Architekt\u00fara seL4 je pozoruhodn\u00e1 t\u00fdm, \u017ee pres\u00fava \u010dasti spr\u00e1vy zdrojov jadra do pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013esk\u00e9ho priestoru a aplikuje na tieto zdroje rovnak\u00e9 prostriedky pr\u00edstupu, ak\u00e9 s\u00fa ur\u010den\u00e9 pre pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013esk\u00e9 zdroje. Mikrojadro neposkytuje hotov\u00e9 vysokolevelov\u00e9 abstrakcie pre spr\u00e1vu s\u00faborov, procesov, sie\u0165ov\u00fdch pripojen\u00ed a pod., namiesto toho poskytuje iba minim\u00e1lne mechanizmy na spr\u00e1vu pr\u00edstupu k fyzick\u00e9mu adresn\u00e9mu priestoru, preru\u0161enia a procesorov\u00e9 zdroje. Vysokolevelov\u00e9 abstrakcie a ovl\u00e1da\u010de pre interakciu s hardv\u00e9rom s\u00fa realizovan\u00e9 oddelene nad mikrojadrom vo forme \u00faloh vykon\u00e1van\u00fdch na pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eskej \u00farovni. Pr\u00edstup t\u00fdchto \u00faloh k zdrojom dostupn\u00fdm v mikrojadre je organizovan\u00fd prostredn\u00edctvom definovania pravidiel. <\/p>\n
Pre dodato\u010dn\u00fa ochranu s\u00fa v\u0161etky komponenty, okrem mikrojadra, p\u00f4vodne vyv\u00edjan\u00e9 v jazyku Rust s pou\u017eit\u00edm bezpe\u010dn\u00fdch pr\u00edstupov k programovaniu, ktor\u00e9 minimalizuj\u00fa chyby pri pr\u00e1ci s pam\u00e4\u0165ou, ved\u00face k tak\u00fdm probl\u00e9mom, ako je pr\u00edstup k oblasti pam\u00e4te po jej uvo\u013enen\u00ed, dereferencovanie nulov\u00fdch ukazovate\u013eov a prekro\u010denie hran\u00edc vyrovn\u00e1vacej pam\u00e4te. V Rust je taktie\u017e nap\u00edsan\u00fd na\u010d\u00edta\u010d aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed v prostred\u00ed seL4, syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 slu\u017eby, r\u00e1mec na v\u00fdvoj aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed, API pre pr\u00edstup k syst\u00e9mov\u00fdm volaniam, mana\u017e\u00e9r procesov, mechanizmus dynamick\u00e9ho pride\u013eovania pam\u00e4te a pod. Pre verifikovan\u00fa zostavu je pou\u017eit\u00fd n\u00e1stroj CAmkES, ktor\u00fd vyv\u00edja projekt seL4. Komponenty pre CAmkES m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 tie\u017e vytv\u00e1ran\u00e9 v jazyku Rust. <\/p>\n
Bezpe\u010dn\u00e1 pr\u00e1ca s pam\u00e4\u0165ou je zabezpe\u010den\u00e1 v Rust po\u010das kompil\u00e1cie prostredn\u00edctvom kontroly referenci\u00ed, sledovania vlastn\u00edctva objektov a zoh\u013eadnenia \u017eivotnosti objektov (oblast\u00ed vidite\u013enosti), ako aj prostredn\u00edctvom hodnotenia spr\u00e1vnosti pr\u00edstupu k pam\u00e4ti po\u010das vykon\u00e1vania k\u00f3du. Rust taktie\u017e poskytuje prostriedky na ochranu pred prete\u010den\u00edm cel\u00fdch \u010d\u00edsel, po\u017eaduje povinn\u00fa inicializ\u00e1ciu hodn\u00f4t premenn\u00fdch pred ich pou\u017eit\u00edm, aplikuje koncept nemennosti (immutable) referenci\u00ed a premenn\u00fdch predvolene a pon\u00faka siln\u00fa statick\u00fa typiz\u00e1ciu na minimaliz\u00e1ciu logick\u00fdch ch\u00fdb. \u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Google \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043c KataOS, \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0449\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b KataOS \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 Rust \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 seL4, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 RISC-V \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0451\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0441\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c, \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435. \u041a\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0435\u0439 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-105309","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Google otvoril k\u00f3d zabezpe\u010den\u00e9ho opera\u010dn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu KataOS | ProHoster","description":"Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Google ozn\u00e1mila otvorenie svojej pr\u00e1ce na projekte KataOS, ktor\u00fd je zameran\u00fd na vytvorenie zabezpe\u010den\u00e9ho opera\u010dn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu pre zabudovan\u00e9 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Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"