{"id":105466,"date":"2022-11-04T09:37:00","date_gmt":"2022-11-04T07:37:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/lennart-pottering-predlozhil-modernizirovat-razbivku-zagruzochnyh-razdelov"},"modified":"2022-11-04T09:37:00","modified_gmt":"2022-11-04T07:37:00","slug":"lennart-pottering-predlozhil-modernizirovat-razbivku-zagruzochnyh-razdelov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/lennart-pottering-predlozhil-modernizirovat-razbivku-zagruzochnyh-razdelov","title":{"rendered":"Lennart Pottering navrhol modernizova\u0165 rozdelenie zav\u00e1dzac\u00edch oddielov","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Lennart Pottering pokra\u010doval v publikovan\u00ed n\u00e1padov na prepracovanie komponentov na zav\u00e1dzanie Linuxu a presk\u00famal situ\u00e1ciu s duplikovan\u00fdmi zav\u00e1dzac\u00edm oddielmi. Nespokojnos\u0165 vyvolalo pou\u017eitie dvoch diskov\u00fdch oddielov s r\u00f4znymi s\u00faborov\u00fdmi syst\u00e9mami na usporiadanie po\u010diato\u010dn\u00e9ho zav\u00e1dzania, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa zmontovan\u00e9 vn\u00fatorn\u00e9 — oddielu \/boot\/efi zalo\u017een\u00e9ho na VFAT so s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ami EFI firmware (EFI System Partition) a oddielu \/boot, ktor\u00fd je zalo\u017een\u00fd na ext4, btrfs alebo xfs, na ktorom s\u00fa ulo\u017een\u00e9 obrazy jadra Linuxu a initrd, ako aj nastavenia zav\u00e1dza\u010da. <\/p>\n

Situ\u00e1ciu zhor\u0161uje skuto\u010dnos\u0165, \u017ee oddiel EFI je spolo\u010dn\u00fd pre v\u0161etky syst\u00e9my, zatia\u013e \u010do zav\u00e1dzac\u00ed oddiel s jadrom a initrd sa vytv\u00e1ra samostatne pre ka\u017ed\u00fd nain\u0161talovan\u00fd distrib\u00faciu Linuxu, \u010do vedie k potrebe vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 zbyto\u010dn\u00e9 oddiely pri in\u0161tal\u00e1cii nieko\u013ek\u00fdch distrib\u00faci\u00ed v jednom syst\u00e9me. Na druhej strane potreba podpory r\u00f4znych s\u00faborov\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov zvy\u0161uje zlo\u017eitosti zav\u00e1dza\u010da, a pou\u017e\u00edvanie vno\u0159en\u00e9ho umiestnenia oddielov br\u00e1ni realiz\u00e1cii automatick\u00e9ho montovania (oddiel \/boot\/efi m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 namontovan\u00fd iba po namontovan\u00ed oddielu \/boot). <\/p>\n

Lennart navrhol v pr\u00edpade mo\u017enosti pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 iba jeden zav\u00e1dzac\u00ed oddiel, pri\u010dom na syst\u00e9moch s EFI by sa predvolene mali umiestni\u0165 obrazy s jadrom a initrd v oddieli VFAT \/efi. Na syst\u00e9moch bez EFI alebo ak po\u010das in\u0161tal\u00e1cie oddiel EFI u\u017e existuje (paralelne sa pou\u017e\u00edva \u010fal\u0161\u00ed OS) a v \u0148om nie je dostatok vo\u013en\u00e9ho miesta, je mo\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017ei\u0165 samostatn\u00fd oddiel \/boot typu XBOOTLDR (oddiel \/efi v tabu\u013eke oddielov m\u00e1 typ ESP). Oddiely ESP a XBOOTLDR sa navrhuj\u00fa vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 v samostatn\u00fdch adres\u00e1roch (oddelen\u00e9 montovanie \/efi a \/boot namiesto vno\u0159en\u00e9ho montovania \/boot\/efi), spravi\u0165 ich automaticky identifikovate\u013en\u00fdmi a automontovate\u013en\u00fdmi prostredn\u00edctvom identifik\u00e1cie pod\u013ea typu XBOOTLDR v tabu\u013eke oddielov (bez z\u00e1pisu oddielu do \/etc\/fstab). <\/p>\n

Oddiel \/boot bude spolo\u010dn\u00fd pre v\u0161etky nain\u0161talovan\u00e9 distrib\u00facie Linux na po\u010d\u00edta\u010di, pri\u010dom \u0161pecifick\u00e9 s\u00fabory pre distrib\u00facie bud\u00fa rozdelen\u00e9 na \u00farovni podadres\u00e1rov (pre ka\u017ed\u00fa nain\u0161talovan\u00fa distrib\u00faciu svoj podadres\u00e1r). V s\u00falade s zau\u017e\u00edvanou praxou a po\u017eiadavkami \u0161pecifik\u00e1cie UEFI sa v oddiele s komponentami EFI pou\u017e\u00edva iba s\u00faborov\u00fd syst\u00e9m VFAT. Pre unifik\u00e1ciu a zbavenie bootovacieho programu komplik\u00e1ci\u00ed spojen\u00fdch s podporou r\u00f4znych s\u00faborov\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov sa navrhuje pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 VFAT aj ako s\u00faborov\u00fd syst\u00e9m pre oddiel \/boot, \u010do v\u00fdrazne zjednodu\u0161\u00ed realiz\u00e1ciu funguj\u00facich komponentov na strane bootovacieho programu, ktor\u00e9 pristupuj\u00fa k \u00fadajom v oddieloch \/boot a \/efi. Unifik\u00e1cia umo\u017en\u00ed rovnocenn\u00fa podporu oboch oddielov (\/boot a \/efi) pre bootovanie obrazov jadra a initrd.
\n
Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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[…]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-105466","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Lennart Poettering navrhol moderniz\u00e1ciu rozdelenia bootovac\u00edch oddielov | ProHoster","description":"Lennart Poettering pokra\u010doval v publikovan\u00ed n\u00e1padov na prepracovanie komponentov pre bootovanie Linuxu a presk\u00famal situ\u00e1ciu s duplicovan\u00edm bootovac\u00edch 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