{"id":108905,"date":"2023-06-10T15:10:21","date_gmt":"2023-06-10T13:10:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/?p=108905"},"modified":"2023-06-12T14:16:27","modified_gmt":"2023-06-12T12:16:27","slug":"reliz-debian-12-bookworm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/reliz-debian-12-bookworm","title":{"rendered":"Uvo\u013enenie Debian 12 \u201eBookworm\u201c","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Po takmer dvoch rokoch v\u00fdvoja bol vydan\u00fd Debian GNU\/Linux 12.0 (Bookworm), dostupn\u00fd pre dev\u00e4\u0165 ofici\u00e1lne podporovan\u00fdch architekt\u00far: Intel IA-32\/x86 (i686), AMD64\/x86-64, ARM EABI (armel), ARM64, ARMv7 (armhf), mipsel, mips64el, PowerPC 64 (ppc64el) a IBM System z (s390x). Aktualiz\u00e1cie pre Debian 12 bud\u00fa vyd\u00e1van\u00e9 po\u010das 5 rokov.    <\/p>\n<p>Na stiahnutie s\u00fa k dispoz\u00edcii in\u0161tala\u010dn\u00e9 obrazy, ktor\u00e9 je mo\u017en\u00e9 z\u00edska\u0165 cez HTTP, jigdo alebo BitTorrent. Pre architekt\u00fary amd64 a i386 s\u00fa vyvinut\u00e9 LiveUSB, dostupn\u00e9 v variantoch s GNOME, KDE, LXDE, Xfce, Cinnamon a MATE, ako aj multiarch DVD, ktor\u00e9 kombinuje bal\u00edky pre platformu amd64 s \u010fal\u0161\u00edmi bal\u00edkmi pre architekt\u00faru i386. Pred procesom migr\u00e1cie z Debian 11 \u201eBullseye\u201c by ste mali pre\u0161tudova\u0165 nasleduj\u00faci dokument.        <\/p>\n<p>V repozit\u00e1ri je predstaven\u00fdch 64419 bin\u00e1rnych bal\u00edkov, \u010do je o 4868 bal\u00edkov viac, ne\u017e bolo pon\u00faknut\u00e9 v Debian 11. V porovnan\u00ed s Debian 11 bolo pridan\u00fdch 11089 nov\u00fdch bin\u00e1rnych bal\u00edkov, odstr\u00e1nen\u00fdch 6296 (10%) zastaran\u00fdch alebo opusten\u00fdch bal\u00edkov a aktualizovan\u00fdch 43254 (67%) bal\u00edkov. Celkov\u00e1 ve\u013ekos\u0165 v\u0161etk\u00fdch pon\u00fakan\u00fdch zdrojov\u00fdch textov v distrib\u00facii predstavuje 1 341 564 204 riadkov k\u00f3du. Celkov\u00e1 ve\u013ekos\u0165 v\u0161etk\u00fdch bal\u00edkov - 365 GB. Pre 96,3% (v predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facej verzii 95,7%) bal\u00edkov je zabezpe\u010den\u00e1 podpora opakovan\u00fdch zostaven\u00ed, \u010do umo\u017e\u0148uje potvrdi\u0165, \u017ee vykon\u00e1vac\u00ed s\u00fabor bol zostaven\u00fd pr\u00e1ve zo uveden\u00fdch zdrojov\u00fdch textov a neobsahuje \u017eiadne neopr\u00e1vnen\u00e9 zmeny, ktor\u00fdch zavedenie by mohlo by\u0165 uskuto\u010dnen\u00e9 napr\u00edklad \u00fatokom na zostavovaciu infra\u0161trukt\u00faru alebo skrytou funkcionalitou v kompil\u00e1tore.    <\/p>\n<p>K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 zmeny v Debiane 12.0:       <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Do ofici\u00e1lnych in\u0161tala\u010dn\u00fdch obrazov okrem slobodn\u00fdch firmv\u00e9rov z repozit\u00e1ra main boli zahrnut\u00e9 aj propriet\u00e1rne firmv\u00e9ry, ktor\u00e9 boli predt\u00fdm dostupn\u00e9 cez repozit\u00e1r non-free. Pri pou\u017eit\u00ed hardv\u00e9ru, ktor\u00fd vy\u017eaduje extern\u00e9 firmv\u00e9ry, s\u00fa potrebn\u00e9 propriet\u00e1rne firmv\u00e9ry na\u010d\u00edtan\u00e9 predvolene. Pre pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov, ktor\u00ed preferuj\u00fa len slobodn\u00fd softv\u00e9r, je po\u010das na\u010d\u00edtania poskytnut\u00e1 mo\u017enos\u0165 zak\u00e1za\u0165 pou\u017e\u00edvanie neslobodn\u00fdch firmv\u00e9rov.\n<li class=\"l\"> Bol pridan\u00fd nov\u00fd repozit\u00e1r non-free-firmware, do ktor\u00e9ho boli z repozit\u00e1ra non-free prenesen\u00e9 bal\u00edky s firmv\u00e9rmi. Vo in\u0161tal\u00e1tore je poskytnut\u00e1 mo\u017enos\u0165 dynamick\u00e9ho dopytu bal\u00edkov s firmv\u00e9rmi z repozit\u00e1ra non-free-firmware. Existencia samostatn\u00e9ho repozit\u00e1ra s firmv\u00e9rmi umo\u017enila zabezpe\u010di\u0165 pr\u00edstup k firmv\u00e9r\u00f3m bez zahrnutia do in\u0161tala\u010dn\u00fdch m\u00e9di\u00ed v\u0161eobecn\u00e9ho repozit\u00e1ra non-free.\n<li class=\"l\"> Jadro Linuxu bolo aktualizovan\u00e9 na verziu 6.1 (v Debian 11 bolo dod\u00e1van\u00e9 jadro 5.10). Aktualizovali sa systemd 252, Apt 2.6 a Glibc 2.36.\n<li class=\"l\"> Obnovil sa grafick\u00fd stack a pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013esk\u00e9 prostredia: GNOME 43, KDE Plasma 5.27, LXDE 11, LXQt 1.2.0, MATE 1.2, Xfce 4.18, Mesa 22.3.6, X.Org Server 21.1, Wayland 1.21. V prostrediach s GNOME je predvolene anga\u017eovan\u00fd multimedi\u00e1lny server Pipewire a mana\u017e\u00e9r zvukov\u00fdch rel\u00e1ci\u00ed WirePlumber.\n<li class=\"l\"> Aktualizovali sa pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013esk\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie, ako napr\u00edklad LibreOffice 7.4, GNUcash 4.13, Emacs 28.2, GIMP 2.10.34, Inkscape 1.2.2, VLC 3.0.18, Vim 9.0.\n<li class=\"l\"> Aktualizovali sa serverov\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie, ako napr\u00edklad Apache httpd 2.4.57, BIND 9.18, Dovecot 2.3.19, Exim 4.96, lighttpd 1.4.69, Postfix 3.7, MariaDB 10.11, nginx 1.22, PostgreSQL 15, Redis 7.0, SQLite 3.40, Samba 4.17, OpenSSH 9.2p1.\n<li class=\"l\"> Aktualizoval sa v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rsky softv\u00e9r, vr\u00e1tane GCC 12.2, LLVM\/Clang 14 (pre in\u0161tal\u00e1ciu je tie\u017e dostupn\u00e9 15.0.6), OpenJDK 17, Perl 5.36, PHP 8.2, Python 3.11.2, Rust 1.63, Ruby 3.1.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00e1 podpora pr\u00e1ce so s\u00faborov\u00fdm syst\u00e9mom APFS (Apple File System) v re\u017eime \u010d\u00edtania a z\u00e1pisu, pou\u017eit\u00edm bal\u00edkov apfsprogs a apfs-dkms. Zlo\u017een\u00e1 je utilita ntfs2btrfs na prevod NTFS oddielov na Btrfs.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00e1 podpora kni\u017enice distrib\u00facie pam\u00e4te mimalloc, ktor\u00e1 m\u00f4\u017ee fungova\u0165 ako prieh\u013eadn\u00e1 n\u00e1hrada funkcie malloc. Charakteristikou mimalloc je kompaktnos\u0165 implement\u00e1cie a ve\u013emi vysok\u00fd v\u00fdkon (v testoch mimalloc prekon\u00e1va jemalloc, tcmalloc, snmalloc, rpmalloc a Hoard).\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00fd bal\u00edk ksmbd-tools a implementovan\u00e1 podpora integrovan\u00e9ho v jadre Linuxu implement\u00e1cie s\u00faborov\u00e9ho <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/server\/dts-los-angeles\/\"   title=\"servera\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3915\">servera<\/a> na b\u00e1ze protokolu SMB.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00e1 sada nov\u00fdch p\u00edsiem a aktualizovan\u00e9 predt\u00fdm pon\u00fakan\u00e9 p\u00edsma. Navrhnut\u00fd je spr\u00e1vca p\u00edsiem fnt (anal\u00f3g apt pre p\u00edsma), ktor\u00fd rie\u0161i \u00falohy in\u0161tal\u00e1cie dodato\u010dn\u00fdch p\u00edsiem a udr\u017eiavania u\u017e existuj\u00facich p\u00edsiem v aktu\u00e1lnom stave. Pomocou fnt je mo\u017en\u00e9 nain\u0161talova\u0165 nov\u0161ie p\u00edsma, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa pr\u00edtomn\u00e9 v repozit\u00e1ri Debian Sid, ako aj extern\u00e9 p\u00edsma z kolekcie Google Web Fonts.\n<li class=\"l\"> V zav\u00e1dza\u010di GRUB je na ur\u010denie in\u00fdch nain\u0161talovan\u00fdch opera\u010dn\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov a na generovanie ponuky pre ich na\u010d\u00edtanie pou\u017eit\u00fd bal\u00edk os-prober. Medzi in\u00fdm, pri zav\u00e1dzan\u00ed je zabezpe\u010den\u00e9 ur\u010denie u\u017e nain\u0161talovan\u00e9ho opera\u010dn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu Windows 11.\n<li class=\"l\"> Z d\u00f4vodu ukon\u010denia v\u00fdvoja boli odstr\u00e1nen\u00e9 bal\u00edky libpam-ldap a libnss-ldap, namiesto ktor\u00fdch sa odpor\u00fa\u010da pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 ekvivalentn\u00e9 funk\u010dn\u00e9 bal\u00edky libpam-ldapd a libnss-ldapd na autentifik\u00e1ciu pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov cez LDAP.\n<li class=\"l\"> Predvolen\u00e9 in\u0161talovanie pozadia pre ukladanie logov, ako je rsyslog, bolo zastaven\u00e9. Namiesto anal\u00fdzy s\u00faborov s logmi sa odpor\u00fa\u010da vyvol\u00e1va\u0165 n\u00e1stroj \u201esystemd journalctl\u201c na prezeranie logov. V pr\u00edpade potreby je mo\u017en\u00e9 vr\u00e1ti\u0165 star\u00e9 spr\u00e1vanie in\u0161talovan\u00edm bal\u00edka system-log-daemon.\n<li class=\"l\">Z bal\u00edka systemd boli vy\u010dlenen\u00e9 samostatn\u00e9 bal\u00edky systemd-resolved a systemd-boot. Klient synchroniz\u00e1cie \u010dasu systemd-timesyncd v bal\u00edku systemd bol presunut\u00fd z povinn\u00fdch do odpor\u00fa\u010dan\u00fdch z\u00e1vislost\u00ed, \u010do umo\u017e\u0148uje vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 minim\u00e1lne in\u0161tal\u00e1cie bez NTP klienta.\n<li class=\"l\"> Bola obnoven\u00e1 podpora pre \u0161tartovanie v re\u017eime UEFI Secure Boot pre syst\u00e9my zalo\u017een\u00e9 na architekt\u00fare ARM64.\n<li class=\"l\"> Bal\u00edk fdflush bol odstr\u00e1nen\u00fd, miesto neho by sa mal pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 \u201eblockdev \u2014flushbufs\u201c z util-linux.\n<li class=\"l\"> Boli odstr\u00e1nen\u00e9 programy tempfile a rename.ul, namiesto ktor\u00fdch sa odpor\u00fa\u010da pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 n\u00e1stroje mktemp a file-rename v skriptoch.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00e1stroj which bol vyhl\u00e1sen\u00fd za zastaran\u00fd a bude odstr\u00e1nen\u00fd v bud\u00facich vydaniach. Ako n\u00e1hradu sa v bash skriptoch odpor\u00fa\u010da pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 pr\u00edkazy \u201etype\u201c alebo \u201etype -a\u201c na ur\u010denie cesty k vykon\u00e1vac\u00edm s\u00faborom.\n<li class=\"l\"> Bal\u00edky libnss-gw-name, dmraid a request-tracker4 boli vyhl\u00e1sen\u00e9 za zastaran\u00e9 a bud\u00fa odstr\u00e1nen\u00e9 v Debian 13.\n<li class=\"l\"> Bolo zabezpe\u010den\u00e9 priradenie trval\u00fdch n\u00e1zvov sie\u0165ov\u00fdch rozhran\u00ed (\u201eenX0\u201c) pre virtu\u00e1lne sie\u0165ov\u00e9 zariadenia Xen.\n<li class=\"l\"> Bola pridan\u00e1 podpora pre nov\u00e9 zariadenia zalo\u017een\u00e9 na procesoroch ARM a RISC-V.\n<li class=\"l\"> Boli aktualizovan\u00e9 syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 pr\u00edru\u010dky (man) v ru\u0161tine a ukrajin\u010dine.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00e9 kolekcie tematick\u00fdch bal\u00edkov s\u00favisiacich s medic\u00ednou, biol\u00f3giou a astron\u00f3miou, ktor\u00e9 pripravili t\u00edmy Debian Med a Debian Astro. Napr\u00edklad obsahuj\u00fa bal\u00edky ako shiny-server (platforma pre hosting webov\u00fdch aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed v jazyku R), openvlbi (korrel\u00e1tor pre teleskopy), astap (spracovate\u013e astronomick\u00fdch obr\u00e1zkov), planetary-system-stacker (tvor\u00ed obr\u00e1zky plan\u00e9t z fragmentov), nov\u00e9 ovl\u00e1da\u010de a kni\u017enice s podporou protokolu INDI, ako aj Python bal\u00edky s\u00favisiace s Astropy (python3-extinction, python3-sncosmo, python3-specreduce, python3-synphot), Java kni\u017enice na pr\u00e1cu s form\u00e1tmi ECSV a TFCAT.\n<li class=\"l\"> Do repozit\u00e1ra boli pridan\u00e9 bal\u00edky vyv\u00edjan\u00e9 projektom UBports s pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013esk\u00fdm prostred\u00edm Lomiri (b\u00fdval\u00e9 Unity 8) a displejov\u00fdm <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/server\/dts-prohoster\/\"   title=\"serverom\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3080\">serverom<\/a> Mir 2, ktor\u00fd funguje ako kompozitn\u00fd server na b\u00e1ze Wayland.\n<li class=\"l\"> Na fin\u00e1lnu f\u00e1zu pr\u00edpravy verzie bol odlo\u017een\u00fd p\u00f4vodne o\u010dak\u00e1van\u00fd preklad distrib\u00facie v Debian 12, ktor\u00fd mala prejs\u0165 zo samostatn\u00e9ho oddielu \/usr na nov\u00e9 zobrazenie, kde s\u00fa adres\u00e1re \/bin, \/sbin a \/lib* zabezpe\u010den\u00e9 ako symbolick\u00e9 odkazy na zodpovedaj\u00face adres\u00e1re v \/usr.     <\/ul>\n<p>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=59273\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 Debian GNU\/Linux 12.0 (Bookworm), \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0432\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440: Intel IA-32\/x86 (i686), AMD64\/x86-64, ARM EABI (armel), ARM64, ARMv7 (armhf), mipsel, mips64el, PowerPC 64 (ppc64el) \u0438 IBM System z (s390x). \u041e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f Debian 12 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 5 \u043b\u0435\u0442. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u044b, \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-108905","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.5 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 Debian GNU\/Linux 12.0 (Bookworm), \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f 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