{"id":122619,"date":"2025-03-20T01:48:38","date_gmt":"2025-03-19T23:48:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/?p=122619"},"modified":"2026-02-08T23:29:57","modified_gmt":"2026-02-08T21:29:57","slug":"nachalos-beta-testirovanie-fedora-linux-42","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/nachalos-beta-testirovanie-fedora-linux-42","title":{"rendered":"Za\u010dalo sa beta testovanie Fedora Linux 42","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Bola uveden\u00e1 beta verzia distrib\u00facie Fedora Linux 42, ktor\u00e1 znamen\u00e1 prechod na fin\u00e1lnu f\u00e1zu testovania, v ktorej s\u00fa povolen\u00e9 iba opravy kritick\u00fdch ch\u00fdb. Vydanie je napl\u00e1novan\u00e9 na 22. apr\u00edla. Vydanie pokr\u00fdva Fedora Workstation, Fedora KDE Plasma Desktop, Fedora Server, Fedora IoT, Fedora CoreOS, Fedora Cloud Base, Fedora IoT Edition, Fedora Silverblue, Fedora Kinoite a Live zostavy dod\u00e1van\u00e9 vo forme spinov s pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013esk\u00fdmi prostrediami Xfce, MATE, Cinnamon, LXDE, Phosh, Miracle, LXQt, Budgie, Sway a Cosmic. Zostavy s\u00fa vytvoren\u00e9 pre architekt\u00fary x86_64, Power64 a ARM64 (AArch64).       <\/p>\n<p>Najv\u00fdznamnej\u0161ie zmeny v Fedora Linux 42:   <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Zostava Fedora KDE Plasma Desktop z\u00edskala status z\u00e1kladnej ed\u00edcie distrib\u00facie, porovnate\u013enej s \u00farov\u0148ou podpory Fedora Workstation. Tak\u017ee, varianty distrib\u00facie s GNOME a KDE teraz maj\u00fa rovnak\u00fd status a s\u00fa prezentovan\u00e9 na rovnakej \u00farovni. \u0160pecifick\u00e9 pre KDE v\u00e1\u017ene probl\u00e9my sa teraz pova\u017euj\u00fa za blokuj\u00face vydanie, podobne, ako to bolo doteraz v pr\u00edpade v\u00e1\u017enych probl\u00e9mov v GNOME. Okrem toho bola do Fedora KDE Plasma Desktop pridan\u00e1 podpora architekt\u00fary Power (ppc64le), pre ktor\u00fa je k dispoz\u00edcii cel\u00fd bal\u00edk aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed KDE, vr\u00e1tane KDE PIM. Pre syst\u00e9my OpenPOWER, ako je Talos Workstation, boli pripraven\u00e9 Live zostavy s KDE, ktor\u00e9 podporuj\u00fa in\u0161tala\u010dn\u00e9 mo\u017enosti.\n<li class=\"l\"> Boli pridan\u00e9 ofici\u00e1lne Spin zostavy distrib\u00facie so pracovn\u00fdm prostred\u00edm COSMIC, ktor\u00e9 vyv\u00edja spolo\u010dnos\u0165 System76 v jazyku Rust. COSMIC poskytuje re\u017eimy hybridn\u00e9ho mozaikov\u00e9ho usporiadania okien a vrstven\u00e9ho prip\u00ednania okien (skupinov\u00e9 usporiadanie okien podobne ako z\u00e1lo\u017eky v prehliada\u010di), ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 zapnut\u00e9 v r\u00e1mci virtu\u00e1lnych pracovn\u00fdch pl\u00f4ch.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pracovn\u00e1 plocha v Fedora Workstation bola aktualizovan\u00e1 na vetvu GNOME 48, vydanie ktorej je napl\u00e1novan\u00e9 na zajtra. Aktualizovan\u00e9 s\u00fa pracovn\u00e9 plochy Xfce 4.20 a LXQt 2.1.\n<li class=\"l\"> Vo Fedora Workstation je predvolene pou\u017eit\u00e1 nov\u00e1 verzia in\u0161tal\u00e1tora Anaconda, v ktorej sa namiesto rozhrania na b\u00e1ze kni\u017enice GTK pou\u017e\u00edva webov\u00e9 rozhranie. Webov\u00e9 rozhranie je postaven\u00e9 s vyu\u017eit\u00edm JavaScript frameworku React, dizajnov\u00fdch prvkov PatternFly a komponentov z projektu Cockpit, ktor\u00fd sa u\u017e pou\u017e\u00edva v produktoch Red Hat na konfigur\u00e1ciu a <a href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/server\/dts-dronten\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"990\">spravovanie serverov<\/a>. Namiesto hlavnej obrazovky so zoznamom \u00faloh je v novom rozhran\u00ed pr\u00e1ca usporiadan\u00e1 vo forme sprievodcu (Wizard), ktor\u00fd predpoklad\u00e1 postupn\u00e9 vykon\u00e1vanie ur\u010dit\u00fdch krokov bez n\u00e1vratu na hlavn\u00fa obrazovku. Webov\u00e9 rozhranie umo\u017e\u0148uje interakciu prostredn\u00edctvom webov\u00e9ho prehliada\u010da na vzdialen\u00e9 ovl\u00e1danie in\u0161tal\u00e1cie.\n<p>Navrhnut\u00e9 rozhranie je zbaven\u00e9 komplik\u00e1ci\u00ed a je zrozumite\u013enej\u0161ie pre za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00facich pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov. Ako z\u00e1klad je odpor\u00fa\u010dan\u00fd automatizovan\u00fd (guided) re\u017eim rozdelenia disku, pri ktorom in\u0161tala\u010dn\u00fd program s\u00e1m vyber\u00e1 parametre vytv\u00e1rania alebo \u00fapravy oddielov na z\u00e1klade nastaven\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 si pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013e vyberie. Pridan\u00e1 bola mo\u017enos\u0165 pre prein\u0161tal\u00e1ciu distrib\u00facie (napr. na obnovenie funkcie pri po\u0161koden\u00ed niektor\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch s\u00faborov), ako aj mo\u017enos\u0165 in\u0161tal\u00e1cie v re\u017eime dual boot na pou\u017e\u00edvanie viacer\u00fdch opera\u010dn\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov na jednom po\u010d\u00edta\u010di.    <\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Klasick\u00fd in\u0161tal\u00e1tor Anaconda bol preveden\u00fd na pou\u017e\u00edvanie protokolu Wayland, \u010do umo\u017enilo vyl\u00fa\u010di\u0165 z\u00e1vislosti spojen\u00e9 s X11 z in\u0161tala\u010dn\u00fdch m\u00e9di\u00ed. Proces vzdialenej in\u0161tal\u00e1cie bol preveden\u00fd z VNC klienta TigerVNC na aplik\u00e1ciu grd (Gnome Remote Desktop), ktor\u00e1 pou\u017e\u00edva protokol RDP. Predvolene je pre v\u0161etky podporovan\u00e9 architekt\u00fary pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 rozdelenie na oddiely s vyu\u017eit\u00edm GPT.\n<li class=\"l\"> Spojen\u00fd obsah adres\u00e1rov \/usr\/bin a \/usr\/sbin. Adres\u00e1r \/usr\/sbin bol nahraden\u00fd symbolick\u00fdm odkazom, ktor\u00fd poukazuje na \/usr\/bin. Oddelenie spustite\u013en\u00fdch s\u00faborov pod\u013ea adres\u00e1rov bin a sbin je pova\u017eovan\u00e9 za zastaran\u00fa prax, ktor\u00e1 stratila zmysel v modern\u00fdch distrib\u00faci\u00e1ch. Unifik\u00e1cia bin a sbin zjednodu\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1cu spr\u00e1vcov bal\u00edkov, ktor\u00fdm sa u\u017e nebude musie\u0165 h\u00e1da\u0165, do ktor\u00e9ho adres\u00e1ra umiestni\u0165 spustite\u013en\u00fd s\u00fabor; urob\u00ed syst\u00e9m predv\u00eddate\u013enej\u0161\u00edm a zrozumite\u013enej\u0161\u00edm pre pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov; zv\u00fd\u0161i kompatibilitu s in\u00fdmi distrib\u00faciami; zn\u00ed\u017ei po\u010det kontrol adres\u00e1rov pri vykon\u00e1van\u00ed execvp() a podobn\u00fdch volan\u00ed.\n<li class=\"l\"> Boli pridan\u00e9 nov\u00e9 skupiny flatpak a diskadmin, aby sa umo\u017enil pr\u00edstup nepovolan\u00fdch pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov k funkci\u00e1m spr\u00e1vy syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch bal\u00edkov vo form\u00e1te Flatpak a extern\u00fdm \u00falo\u017eisk\u00e1m. Zmena umo\u017enila zbavi\u0165 sa potreby prid\u00e1va\u0165 pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea do skupiny wheel, t.j. poskytuje mo\u017enos\u0165 pracova\u0165 s flatpak a extern\u00fdmi diskami bez poskytnutia pr\u00edstupu k ostatn\u00fdm administrat\u00edvnym oper\u00e1ci\u00e1m. Pre pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov v skupine wheel bola navy\u0161e umo\u017enen\u00e1 funkcionalita odomykania (LUKS) a montovania extern\u00fdch \u00falo\u017e\u00edsk bez po\u017eiadavky na zadanie hesla.\n<li class=\"l\"> Bolo povolen\u00e9 zahrn\u00fa\u0165 do bal\u00edkov doplnkov\u00e9 varianty spustite\u013en\u00fdch s\u00faborov, zostaven\u00fdch s optimaliz\u00e1ciami pre mikroarchitekt\u00fary x86-64-v2, x86-64-v3 a x86-64-v4. Vo v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ine pr\u00edpadov n\u00e1rast v\u00fdkonu pri zostaven\u00ed pre tak\u00e9to architekt\u00fary nepresahuje 10 %, ale v jednotliv\u00fdch situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch vedie k v\u00fdrazn\u00e9mu zlep\u0161eniu v\u00fdkonu (a\u017e 120 %). Rozhodnutie o pridan\u00ed dodato\u010dne optimalizovan\u00fdch spustite\u013en\u00fdch s\u00faborov prij\u00edmaj\u00fa spr\u00e1vcovia na z\u00e1klade v\u00fdsledkov testovania v\u00fdkonu konkr\u00e9tnych bal\u00edkov.\n<li class=\"l\"> Live zostavy distrib\u00facie, ktor\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa syst\u00e9mov\u00fd obraz v re\u017eime iba na \u010d\u00edtanie, boli preveden\u00e9 zo SquashFS na s\u00faborov\u00fd syst\u00e9m EROFS. Medzi d\u00f4vodmi prechodu je akt\u00edvnej\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdvoj EROFS (posledn\u00e9 vydanie n\u00e1strojov pre SquashFS bolo na jar 2023) a pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 roz\u0161\u00edren\u00fdch funkci\u00ed v EROFS, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 vyu\u017eit\u00e9 v bud\u00facnosti. V porovnan\u00ed so SquashFS m\u00e1 EROFS hor\u0161iu \u00farove\u0148 kompresie (ve\u013ekos\u0165 obrazu 2,7 GiB v EROFS oproti 2,0 GiB v SquashFS pri pou\u017eit\u00ed kompresn\u00e9ho algoritmu XZ a 3,9 GiB oproti 3,1 GiB pri pou\u017eit\u00ed LZ4), ale vy\u0161\u0161iu r\u00fdchlos\u0165 n\u00e1hodn\u00e9ho pr\u00edstupu a priepustnos\u0165 (7,1 MiB\/s v EROFS oproti 5,0 MiB\/s v SquashFS pre XZ a 30,9 MiB\/s oproti 26,3 MiB\/s pre LZ4).\n<li class=\"l\"> At\u00f3mov\u00fa aktualiz\u00e1ciu distrib\u00facie pre desktopy (Fedora Atomic Desktops), ako s\u00fa Fedora Silverblue (GNOME), Fedora Kinoite (KDE), Fedora Sway Atomic a Fedora Budgie Atomic, predvolene previedli na s\u00faborov\u00fd syst\u00e9m Composefs, \u010do umo\u017enilo v t\u00fdchto zostaveniach pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 kore\u0148ov\u00fa part\u00edciu v re\u017eime iba pre \u010d\u00edtanie a n\u00e1sledne zapoji\u0165 prostriedky pre verifik\u00e1ciu integrity syst\u00e9movej part\u00edcie, ktor\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa odha\u013eova\u0165 probl\u00e9my po\u010das prev\u00e1dzky. Part\u00edcie \/etc a \/var sa na\u010falej montuj\u00fa s mo\u017enos\u0165ou z\u00e1pisu. S\u00faborov\u00fd syst\u00e9m Composefs je implementovan\u00fd ako nadstavba nad u\u017e existuj\u00facimi FSh OverlayFS a EROFS a je optimalizovan\u00fd na efekt\u00edvne zdie\u013eanie obsahu viacer\u00fdch montovan\u00fdch diskov\u00fdch obrazov.\n<li class=\"l\"> V ed\u00edcii Fedora Kinoite (at\u00f3movo aktualizovan\u00e1 varianta s KDE) je predvolene povolen\u00e1 automatick\u00e1 in\u0161tal\u00e1cia aktualiz\u00e1ci\u00ed.\n<li class=\"l\"> S\u00fa poskytnut\u00e9 ofici\u00e1lne zostavy Fedora pre subsystem WSL (Windows Subsystem for Linux), ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa zaraden\u00e9 do zoznamu linuxov\u00fdch distrib\u00faci\u00ed pon\u00fakan\u00fdch na r\u00fdchlu in\u0161tal\u00e1ciu v WSL. Zostavy s\u00fa vytvoren\u00e9 v novom form\u00e1te, ktor\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje distribuova\u0165 distrib\u00faciu bez <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/server\/\"   title=\"serverov\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"1754\">serverov<\/a> na\u010d\u00edtania do adres\u00e1ra Microsoft Store, bez bal\u00ed\u010dkovania vo form\u00e1te appx a bez umiestnenia k\u00f3du \u0161pecifick\u00e9ho pre Windows.\n<li class=\"l\"> Zaveden\u00e1 nov\u00e1 vetva multimedi\u00e1lnej kni\u017enice SDL 3. Pre aplik\u00e1cie zalo\u017een\u00e9 na SDL je predvolene pou\u017eit\u00fd protokol Wayland. Kni\u017enice SDL 2 s\u00fa nahraden\u00e9 vrstvou sdl2-compat, ktor\u00e1 funguje na vrchu SDL 3.\n<li class=\"l\"> Do spr\u00e1vcu bal\u00edkov DNF5 bola pridan\u00e1 podpora odstr\u00e1nenia zastaran\u00fdch alebo neplatn\u00fdch PGP k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov repozit\u00e1rov z syst\u00e9mu, \u010do umo\u017enilo automatiz\u00e1ciu spr\u00e1vy k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov pri in\u0161tal\u00e1cii a aktualiz\u00e1cii programov.\n<li class=\"l\"> Do spr\u00e1vcu bal\u00edkov RPM bola pridan\u00e1 podpora pre vytv\u00e1ranie pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov a skup\u00edn na z\u00e1klade dod\u00e1van\u00fdch konfigura\u010dn\u00fdch s\u00faborov v bal\u00edkoch, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa umiestnen\u00e9 v adres\u00e1ri Sysusers.d, vyu\u017e\u00edvanom v systemd.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00fd gener\u00e1tor z\u00e1vislost\u00ed pre roz\u0161\u00edrenia GNOME Shell, ktor\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje priradi\u0165 rpm bal\u00edky s doplnkami k verzi\u00e1m GNOME Shell.\n<li class=\"l\">  V DNF a RPM je predvolene zapnut\u00fd re\u017eim \u201eCopy on Write\u201c, realizovan\u00fd pomocou reflink v Btrfs.\n<li class=\"l\"> Aktualizovan\u00e9 verzie bal\u00edkov: LLVM 20, GCC 15-test, binutils 2.44, glibc 2.41, gdb 15, Go 1.24, Tcl\/Tk 9.0, Ruby 3.4, Zlib-ng 2.2.x, Setuptools 74, Django 5.x, Ansible 11, PHP 8.4, numpy 2.1.3.\n<li class=\"l\"> Do repozit\u00e1ra pre architekt\u00faru AArch64 bol pridan\u00fd emul\u00e1tor FEX, ktor\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165a\u0165 spustite\u013en\u00e9 s\u00fabory kompilovan\u00e9 pre architekt\u00fary x86 a x86-64 v prostred\u00ed ARM64 (AArch64). Z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 komponenty FEX na sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165anie x86 programov s\u00fa integrovan\u00e9 do distrib\u00faci\u00ed Fedora so desktopov\u00fdm prostred\u00edm KDE.\n<li class=\"l\"> Roz\u0161\u00edren\u00e1 podpora webov\u00fdch kamier s rozhran\u00edm MIPI (Mobile Industry Processor Interface), ktor\u00e9 sa \u010doraz \u010dastej\u0161ie pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa na notebookoch a tabletoch namiesto UVC (USB Video Class).\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00e1 podpora \u0161ifrovania pam\u00e4te virtu\u00e1lnych strojov pomocou technol\u00f3gi\u00ed AMD SEV-SNP a Intel TDX.\n<li class=\"l\"> Bal\u00edky, ktor\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa iba spustite\u013en\u00fd s\u00fabor git, boli prelo\u017een\u00e9 na z\u00e1vislos\u0165 od git-core, namiesto cel\u00e9ho bal\u00edka git.\n<li class=\"l\"> Zav\u00e1dzacia obrazovka Plymouth bola prelo\u017een\u00e1 na pou\u017eitie modulu jadra simpledrm, \u010do eliminuje \u010dakanie na inicializ\u00e1ciu ovl\u00e1da\u010da pre GPU.\n<li class=\"l\"> Vo Firewalld v zostav\u00e1ch pre pracovn\u00e9 stanice pre IPv6 je predvolene zapnut\u00fd re\u017eim rpfilter (Reverse Path Filter) \u201elaissez-faire\u201c namiesto \u201epr\u00edsne\u201c.       <\/ul>\n<p>Z\u00e1rove\u0148 bola ozn\u00e1men\u00e1 beta verzia distrib\u00facie Fedora Asahi Remix 42, ur\u010den\u00e1 na in\u0161tal\u00e1ciu na po\u010d\u00edta\u010de Mac, vybaven\u00e9 ARM \u010dipmi vyvinut\u00fdmi spolo\u010dnos\u0165ou Apple. Fedora Asahi Remix 42 je zalo\u017een\u00e1 na bal\u00ed\u010dkovom z\u00e1klade Fedora Linux 42-beta a je vybaven\u00e1 in\u0161tal\u00e1torom Calamares. Poskytuje mo\u017enos\u0165 fungovania na syst\u00e9moch Apple MacBook Air, MacBook Pro, Mac Mini, Mac Studio a iMac, vybaven\u00fdch ARM \u010dipmi Apple M1 a M2.   <\/p>\n<p>Vo Fedora Asahi s\u00fa plne podporovan\u00e9: zvukov\u00fd subsyst\u00e9m po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov Apple, kamera, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, vstupn\u00e9 zariadenia, USB Type C (USB 3.0) a bezdr\u00f4tov\u00e9 nab\u00edjanie MagSafe. Zatia\u013e nie je podporovan\u00e9: pripojenie obrazovky cez USB-C, Thunderbolt\/USB4, mikrof\u00f3n a Touch ID. V grafick\u00fdch ovl\u00e1da\u010doch je podporovan\u00e9 OpenGL 4.6, OpenGL ES 3.2 a Vulkan 1.4. Na sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165anie aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed skompilovan\u00fdch pre syst\u00e9my x86_64 sa vyu\u017e\u00edva n\u00e1stroj muvm a emula\u010dn\u00e1 vrstva zalo\u017een\u00e1 na bal\u00edku FEX.<br \/>\n<br \/>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=62902\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0442\u0430-\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 Fedora Linux 42, \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u044e \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a. \u0420\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 22 \u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f. \u0412\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u043e\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 Fedora Workstation, Fedora KDE Plasma Desktop, Fedora Server, Fedora IoT, Fedora CoreOS, Fedora Cloud Base, Fedora IoT Edition, Fedora Silverblue, Fedora Kinoite \u0438 Live-\u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432 c 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