{"id":122675,"date":"2025-03-20T23:00:13","date_gmt":"2025-03-20T21:00:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/?p=122675"},"modified":"2025-03-20T23:00:13","modified_gmt":"2025-03-20T21:00:13","slug":"brauzer-chrome-perevedyon-na-shriftovoj-dvizhok-skrifa-napisannyj-na-rust","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/brauzer-chrome-perevedyon-na-shriftovoj-dvizhok-skrifa-napisannyj-na-rust","title":{"rendered":"Prehliada\u010d Chrome bol presunut\u00fd na font engine Skrifa, nap\u00edsan\u00fd v Rust.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Google prelo\u017eila prehliada\u010d Chrome na kni\u017enicu Skrifa, nap\u00edsan\u00fa v jazyku Rust, ktor\u00e1 poskytuje mo\u017enosti pre spracovanie p\u00edsiem vo form\u00e1te OpenType. Skrifa implementuje podmno\u017einu mo\u017enost\u00ed p\u00edsiemov\u00e9ho enginu FreeType, potrebn\u00fa pre 2D kni\u017enicu Skia, ktor\u00e1 sa pou\u017e\u00edva v Chromu a Chromium. Na zbavenie kni\u017enice Skia v\u00e4zby na engine FreeType bol vytvoren\u00fd nov\u00fd backend p\u00edsiem zalo\u017een\u00fd na Skrifa. <\/p>\n

V Chrome 128 bol nap\u00edsan\u00fd na Rust backend zahrnut\u00fd v experiment\u00e1lnom re\u017eime pre m\u00e1lo pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 form\u00e1ty p\u00edsiem, ako s\u00fa CFF2 a farebn\u00e9 p\u00edsma. Od vydania Chrome 133 je nov\u00fd backend aktivovan\u00fd pre v\u0161etky webov\u00e9 p\u00edsma v zostav\u00e1ch pre platformy Linux, Android a ChromeOS. Na platform\u00e1ch Windows a macOS sa nov\u00fd engine zatia\u013e pou\u017e\u00edva ako z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00fd a aplikuje sa v pr\u00edpade, \u017ee syst\u00e9m nepodporuje form\u00e1t p\u00edsma, ktor\u00fd sa prehliada\u010d pok\u00fa\u0161a zobrazi\u0165. <\/p>\n

K\u00f3d Skrifa bol vyvinut\u00fd in\u017einiermi Google v r\u00e1mci n\u00e1strojov\u00e9ho bal\u00edka Fontations a je otvoren\u00fd pod licenciami MIT a Apache 2.0. Na overenie spr\u00e1vnosti fungovania Skrifa bolo pripraven\u00fdch pribli\u017ene 700 unit testov. Kni\u017enica podporuje dek\u00f3dovanie glifov vo form\u00e1toch glyf, CFF, CFF2, COLRv0, COLRv1, EBDT, CBDT a sbix, variabiln\u00e9 p\u00edsma vo form\u00e1toch glyf, CFF2 a COLRv1, a hintovanie p\u00edsiem vo form\u00e1toch glyf, CFF a CFF2. <\/p>\n

Okrem kni\u017enice Skrifa, ktor\u00e1 poskytuje API na pr\u00edstup k metad\u00e1tam p\u00edsiem a na\u010d\u00edtanie obrysov glifov, n\u00e1strojov\u00fd bal\u00edk Fontations obsahuje n\u00edzko\u00farov\u0148ov\u00e9 kni\u017enice na \u010d\u00edtanie, anal\u00fdzu, \u00fapravu a vytv\u00e1ranie p\u00edsiem v form\u00e1te OpenType. Samotn\u00fd Fontations je s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou projektu Oxidize, vytvoren\u00e9ho na prevod util\u00edt a kni\u017en\u00edc pre pr\u00e1cu s textom a p\u00edsmami z komponentov v jazykoch Python (fonttools, fontmake, nanoemoji) a C++ (HarfBuzz, FreeType) na nov\u00e9 implement\u00e1cie nap\u00edsan\u00e9 v Ruste. <\/p>\n

V\u00fdvoj komponentov v Rust za\u010dal kv\u00f4li nedostato\u010dnej efekt\u00edvnosti odha\u013eovania ch\u00fdb pomocou fuzzing testovania, ke\u010f\u017ee form\u00e1ty p\u00edsiem s\u00fa pr\u00edli\u0161 zlo\u017eit\u00e9 na pokrytie v\u0161etk\u00fdch mo\u017en\u00fdch kombin\u00e1ci\u00ed. Napr\u00edklad, minul\u00fd t\u00fd\u017ede\u0148 bola v FreeType zisten\u00e1 kritick\u00e1 zranite\u013enos\u0165 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00faca vykon\u00e1vanie k\u00f3du pri spracovan\u00ed \u0161peci\u00e1lne upraven\u00fdch p\u00edsiem z preplnenia buffera. Okrem engine FreeType m\u00f4\u017eu probl\u00e9my s bezpe\u010dnos\u0165ou sp\u00f4sobova\u0165 aj pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 z\u00e1vislosti, ako bzip2, libpng a zlib. <\/p>\n

Pou\u017eitie Rustu v\u00fdrazne zn\u00ed\u017eilo pravdepodobnos\u0165 probl\u00e9mov s pam\u00e4\u0165ou, zlep\u0161ilo kvalitu k\u00f3du, zn\u00ed\u017eilo \u010das potrebn\u00fd na opravy bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdch probl\u00e9mov a ur\u00fdchlilo implement\u00e1ciu vylep\u0161en\u00ed v mo\u017enostiach Chrome s\u00favisiacich s p\u00edsmami. Pod\u013ea \u0161tatist\u00edk Google a Microsoftu je pribli\u017ene 70 % nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch zranite\u013enost\u00ed sp\u00f4soben\u00fdch probl\u00e9mami s pam\u00e4\u0165ou, ktor\u00fdm sa d\u00e1 predch\u00e1dza\u0165 pou\u017eit\u00edm jazyka Rust bez unsafe blokov. <\/p>\n

Napr\u00edklad pou\u017eitie Rustu by umo\u017enilo vyhn\u00fa\u0165 sa predt\u00fdm identifikovan\u00fdm probl\u00e9mom v kode FreeType, t\u00fdkaj\u00facim sa pr\u00edstupu k uvo\u013enen\u00fdm oblastiam pam\u00e4te, prete\u010deniu buffera, pr\u00edstupu k po\u013eom bez kontroly indexov, celo\u010d\u00edseln\u00fdm prete\u010deniam, nespr\u00e1vnemu pou\u017e\u00edvaniu neinitializovan\u00fdch oblast\u00ed pam\u00e4te a chyb\u00e1m pri konverzii typov.
\n
Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Google \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0440 Chrome \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443 Skrifa, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 Rust \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0443\u044e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0448\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435 OpenType. Skrifa \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0448\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0430 FreeType, \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f 2D-\u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438 Skia, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0432 Chrome \u0438 Chromium. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438 Skia \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043a \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0443 FreeType \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0448\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u044d\u043a\u0435\u043d\u0434, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430 Skrifa. \u0412 Chrome […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-122675","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Prehliada\u010d Chrome pre\u0161iel na fontov\u00fd engine Skrifa, nap\u00edsan\u00fd v Rust | ProHoster","description":"Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Google pre\u0161la na kni\u017enicu Skrifa pre prehliada\u010d Chrome, ktor\u00e1 je nap\u00edsan\u00e1 v jazyku Rust a poskytuje mo\u017enosti na spracovanie p\u00edsem v form\u00e1te 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