{"id":123647,"date":"2025-04-25T03:05:14","date_gmt":"2025-04-25T01:05:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/prototip-rutkita-dlya-linux-ispolzuyushhij-io_uring-dlya-obhoda-analizatorov-sistemnyh-vyzovov"},"modified":"2025-04-25T03:05:14","modified_gmt":"2025-04-25T01:05:14","slug":"prototip-rutkita-dlya-linux-ispolzuyushhij-io_uring-dlya-obhoda-analizatorov-sistemnyh-vyzovov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/prototip-rutkita-dlya-linux-ispolzuyushhij-io_uring-dlya-obhoda-analizatorov-sistemnyh-vyzovov","title":{"rendered":"Prototyp rootkitu pre Linux, vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00faci io_uring na obch\u00e1dzanie analyz\u00e1torov syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch volan\u00ed.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u00fdskumn\u00edci z firmy ARMO predviedli mo\u017enos\u0165 vytv\u00e1rania rootkitov, ktor\u00e9 nevy\u017eaduj\u00fa \u0161pecifick\u00e9 syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 volania na vykon\u00e1vanie be\u017en\u00fdch oper\u00e1ci\u00ed, ako je \u010d\u00edtanie\/z\u00e1pis s\u00faborov a prij\u00edmanie pr\u00edkazov z extern\u00e9ho servera. Namiesto syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch volan\u00ed na vykon\u00e1vanie sie\u0165ov\u00fdch a s\u00faborov\u00fdch oper\u00e1ci\u00ed je navrhnut\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 rozhranie asymetrick\u00e9ho vstupu\/v\u00fdstupu io_uring, podporovan\u00e9 od jadra Linux 5.1. <\/p>\n

Podstata met\u00f3dy spo\u010d\u00edva v tom, \u017ee namiesto samostatn\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch volan\u00ed na pr\u00edstup k s\u00faborom a vykon\u00e1vanie sie\u0165ov\u00fdch oper\u00e1ci\u00ed (read\/write, recv\/send\/connect\/bind\/listen) je mo\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017ei\u0165 spolo\u010dn\u00e9 syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 volania io_uring (io_uring_enter, io_uring_setup, io_uring_register a pod.), ktor\u00e9 nie s\u00fa analyzovan\u00e9 be\u017en\u00fdmi n\u00e1strojmi na zis\u0165ovanie \u0161kodliv\u00fdch aktiv\u00edt. Rozhranie io_uring podporuje pribli\u017ene 60 r\u00f4znych oper\u00e1ci\u00ed. Na v\u00fdvoji je funkcia, ktor\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165anie nov\u00fdch procesov prostredn\u00edctvom io_uring. <\/p>\n

Na demon\u0161tr\u00e1ciu fungovania met\u00f3dy bol pripraven\u00fd prototyp rootkitu Curing, ktor\u00fd vykon\u00e1va tak\u00e9 akcie, ako je prij\u00edmanie pr\u00edkazov z extern\u00e9ho servera<\/a> a preposielanie s\u00faborov. V demon\u0161tr\u00e1cii sa pou\u017e\u00edvalo odoslanie po\u017eiadavky na TCP port 8888 vonkaj\u0161ieho hostite\u013ea a odoslanie obsahu s\u00faboru «\\\/etc\\\/shadow». Predpoklad\u00e1 sa, \u017ee po \u00faspe\u0161nej kompromit\u00e1cii syst\u00e9mu a z\u00edskan\u00ed pr\u00e1v root \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk in\u0161taluje rootkit, aby si upevnil svoju pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 v hacknutej s\u00fastave. <\/p>\n

V uskuto\u010dnenom experimente bola \u010dinnos\u0165 rootkitu Curing pre n\u00e1stroje na sledovanie Falco a Tetragon, pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 na identifik\u00e1ciu bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdch anom\u00e1li\u00ed na hostite\u013eoch a v kontajneroch (podporuje integr\u00e1ciu s infra\u0161trukt\u00farou zalo\u017eenou na Kubernetes), nezaznamenan\u00e1. Tieto n\u00e1stroje vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa zachyt\u00e1vanie syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch volan\u00ed na anal\u00fdzu tak\u00fdch udalost\u00ed, ako je sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165anie procesov, sie\u0165ov\u00e1 aktivita a pr\u00e1ca so s\u00fabormi, ale neber\u00fa do \u00favahy mo\u017enos\u0165 vyu\u017eitia subsyst\u00e9mu io_uring na tak\u00e9to oper\u00e1cie. V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina dostupn\u00fdch komer\u010dn\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov na Linuxe na detekciu a reakciu na bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 incidenty sa tie\u017e zaklad\u00e1 na zachyt\u00e1van\u00ed syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch volan\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Na vyl\u00fa\u010denie obch\u00e1dzania n\u00e1strojov na sledovanie sie\u0165ovej a s\u00faborovej aktivity sa namiesto zachyt\u00e1vania syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch volan\u00ed odpor\u00fa\u010da pou\u017ei\u0165 mechanizmus KRSI (Kernel Runtime Security Instrumentation), ktor\u00fd vznikol v jadre Linux 5.7 a umo\u017e\u0148uje pripoji\u0165 BPF programy k ak\u00fdmko\u013evek LSM h\u00e1\u010dikom. Napr\u00edklad, KRSI na \u00farovni LSM h\u00e1\u010dikov umo\u017e\u0148uje sledova\u0165 oper\u00e1cie so s\u00fabormi, sie\u0165ov\u00fd pr\u00edstup a sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165anie procesov, bez oh\u013eadu na to, \u010di s\u00fa tieto oper\u00e1cie iniciovan\u00e9 prostredn\u00edctvom \u0161pecifick\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch volan\u00ed alebo cez io_uring. <\/p>\n

Predt\u00fdm bola subsyst\u00e9m io_uring objektom kritiky kv\u00f4li pravidelne sa objavuj\u00facim z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm zranite\u013enostiam. V reakcii na \u017eelania u\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov, ktor\u00ed si priali jednoduch\u00fd n\u00e1stroj na vypnutie io_uring bez prekompilovania jadra, bola do jadra Linux 6.6 pridan\u00e1 sysctl io_uring_disabled. Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Google predvolene vypnula io_uring v ChromeOS, Android a vo svojich serveroch<\/a>, vysvet\u013euj\u00fac, \u017ee zl\u00fd stav bezpe\u010dnosti v io_uring preva\u017euje nad v\u00fdhodami pou\u017eitia io_uring na zlep\u0161enie v\u00fdkonu.
\n
Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux 5.1. \u0421\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-123647","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Prototyp rootkitu pre Linux, ktor\u00fd vyu\u017e\u00edva io_uring na ob\u00eddenie analyz\u00e1torov syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch volan\u00ed | 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