{"id":153581,"date":"2026-01-15T11:12:32","date_gmt":"2026-01-15T09:12:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/reliz-zagruzochnogo-menedzhera-gnu-grub-2-14"},"modified":"2026-02-14T22:41:30","modified_gmt":"2026-02-14T20:41:30","slug":"reliz-zagruzochnogo-menedzhera-gnu-grub-2-14","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/reliz-zagruzochnogo-menedzhera-gnu-grub-2-14","title":{"rendered":"Vydanie boot managera GNU GRUB 2.14","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Po dvoch rokoch v\u00fdvoja bol predstaven\u00fd stabiln\u00fd release modul\u00e1rneho multiplatformov\u00e9ho boot managera GNU GRUB 2.14 (GRand Unified Bootloader). GRUB podporuje \u0161irok\u00e9 spektrum platforiem, vr\u00e1tane be\u017en\u00fdch po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov s BIOS-om, platforiem IEEE-1275 (hardv\u00e9r zalo\u017een\u00fd na PowerPC\/Sparc64), EFI syst\u00e9mov, syst\u00e9mov s procesormi RISC-V, Loongson, Itanium, ARM, ARM64, LoongArch a ARCS (SGI), ako aj zariaden\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00facich vo\u013en\u00fd bal\u00edk CoreBoot. K\u00f3d projektu je nap\u00edsan\u00fd v jazyku C a je distribuovan\u00fd pod licenciou GPLv3.    <\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00e9 novinky:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00e1 podpora kontroly integrity d\u00e1t v logick\u00fdch zv\u00e4zkoch LVM (LVM LV), implementovan\u00e1 pomocou dm-integrity.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00e1 podpora konfigur\u00e1ci\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa LVM cachevol na zr\u00fdchlenie pr\u00edstupu k pomal\u00fdm diskom prostredn\u00edctvom cacheovania d\u00e1t na r\u00fdchlych \u00falo\u017eisk\u00e1ch.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00e1 podpora s\u00faborov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu EROFS (Extendable Read-Only File System), vyvinut\u00e9ho spolo\u010dnos\u0165ou Huawei na pou\u017eitie na oddieloch pr\u00edstupn\u00fdch v re\u017eime iba na \u010d\u00edtanie. \u0160trukt\u00fara EROFS je zna\u010dne zjednodu\u0161en\u00e1 odstr\u00e1nen\u00edm niektor\u00fdch oblast\u00ed metad\u00e1t, ako je bitmapa vo\u013en\u00fdch blokov. EROFS podporuje ulo\u017eenie d\u00e1t v komprimovanej podobe, ale pou\u017e\u00edva in\u00fd pr\u00edstup na ulo\u017eenie komprimovan\u00fdch blokov, optimalizovan\u00fd na dosiahnutie <a href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/server\/dts-geneva\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3297\">vysok\u00e1 v\u00fdkonnos\u0165<\/a> n\u00e1hodn\u00e9ho pr\u00edstupu k d\u00e1tam.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00e1 mo\u017enos\u0165 umiestnenia bloku s premenn\u00fdmi prostredia GRUB do rezervovanej oblasti hlavi\u010dky s\u00faborov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu Btrfs. V tak\u00fdchto premenn\u00fdch m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 ulo\u017een\u00e9 d\u00e1ta o predvolenom bootovacom oddiele.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00e1 podpora sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165ania EFI-obrazu GRUB v re\u017eime ochrany NX (No Execute), zakazuj\u00facom vykon\u00e1vanie in\u0161trukci\u00ed v oblastiach pam\u00e4te, ktor\u00e9 nie s\u00fa \u0161peci\u00e1lne ozna\u010den\u00e9 ako povolen\u00e9 na vykon\u00e1vanie.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00e1 podpora protokolu Shim loader, ktor\u00fd sa pou\u017e\u00edva na overen\u00e9 bootovanie shim vrstvou pre bootovanie v re\u017eime UEFI Secure Boot.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00e1 podpora bootovania unifikovan\u00fdch obrazov jadra UKI (Unified Kernel Image), ktor\u00e9 kombinuj\u00fa spracovate\u013ea na bootovanie jadra z UEFI (UEFI boot stub), obraz jadra Linux a na\u010d\u00edtan\u00e9 syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 prostredie initrd, pou\u017eit\u00e9 na po\u010diato\u010dn\u00fa inicializ\u00e1ciu pred pripojen\u00edm kore\u0148ov\u00e9ho FS. UKI-obraz je prezentovan\u00fd ako jeden spustite\u013en\u00fd s\u00fabor vo form\u00e1te PE, ktor\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 na\u010d\u00edtan\u00fd pomocou tradi\u010dn\u00fdch boot loaderov alebo priamo vyvolan\u00fd z firmware UEFI.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00e1 podpora univerz\u00e1lnej konfigur\u00e1cie bootloadera vo form\u00e1te BLS (Boot Loader Specification), pre ktor\u00fa bola implementovan\u00e1 pr\u00edkazov\u00e1 funkcia blscfg.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00e1 podpora sch\u00e9my hashovania hesiel Argon2.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00e1 podpora mechanizmu \u201eTPM2 key protector\u201c na automatick\u00e9 odomknutie za\u0161ifrovan\u00e9ho oddielu pri na\u010d\u00edtan\u00ed v\u010faka uchov\u00e1vaniu inform\u00e1ci\u00ed na de\u0161ifrovanie k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov v TPM (Trusted Platform Module).\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00e1 podpora pripojenej digit\u00e1lnej podp\u00edsanej spr\u00e1vy (Appended Signature, pou\u017e\u00edva sa na pripojenie podpisu k modulom jadra Linux bez zmeny samotn\u00e9ho s\u00faboru) pri overovan\u00ed bootovania v re\u017eime Secure Boot na syst\u00e9moch PowerPC.\n<li class=\"l\"> Zrealizovan\u00e1 mo\u017enos\u0165 \u201e\u2014disable-cli\u201c na zablokovanie rozhrania pr\u00edkazov\u00e9ho riadku GRUB a zak\u00e1zanie \u00faprav polo\u017eiek menu.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00e1 podpora d\u00e1t, ktor\u00e9 nepadn\u00fa do rozmedzia 1901-2038.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00e1 podpora rozbalenia d\u00e1t, ktor\u00e9 boli komprimovan\u00e9 pomocou algoritmu ZSTD.\n<li class=\"l\"> Prechod na pou\u017e\u00edvanie novej vetvy kryptografickej kni\u017enice Libgcrypt 1.11.0 (predt\u00fdm sa pou\u017e\u00edvala verzia libgcrypt 1.5.3, vytvoren\u00e1 v roku 2013).\n<li class=\"l\"> Odstr\u00e1nen\u00e9 nahromaden\u00e9 zranite\u013enosti (1, 2).       <\/ul>\n<p>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=64615\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 GNU GRUB 2.14 (GRand Unified Bootloader). GRUB \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u041f\u041a \u0441 BIOS, \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b IEEE-1275 (\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 PowerPC\/Sparc64), EFI-\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 RISC-V, Loongson, Itanium, ARM, ARM64, LoongArch \u0438 ARCS (SGI), \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 CoreBoot. \u041a\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-153581","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e 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