{"id":160720,"date":"2026-02-12T17:11:59","date_gmt":"2026-02-12T15:11:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/v-yazyke-nim-predstavlen-yrc-potokobezopasnyj-sborshhik-cziklicheskih-ssylok"},"modified":"2026-02-12T17:11:59","modified_gmt":"2026-02-12T15:11:59","slug":"v-yazyke-nim-predstavlen-yrc-potokobezopasnyj-sborshhik-cziklicheskih-ssylok","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/v-yazyke-nim-predstavlen-yrc-potokobezopasnyj-sborshhik-cziklicheskih-ssylok","title":{"rendered":"V jazyku Nim je predstaven\u00fd YRC \u2014 vl\u00e1knen\u00edm bezpe\u010dn\u00fd zbiera\u010d cyklick\u00fdch odkazov","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Andreas Rumpf (Araq), autor programovacieho jazyka Nim, ozn\u00e1mil nov\u00fd algoritmus spr\u00e1vy pam\u00e4te YRC (vyslovuje sa \"\u016ark\"), ktor\u00fd rie\u0161i jeden z k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdch probl\u00e9mov existuj\u00facich mechanizmov v Nime: neschopnos\u0165 spr\u00e1vne spracov\u00e1va\u0165 cyklick\u00e9 odkazy prech\u00e1dzaj\u00face hranicami vl\u00e1kien. <\/p>\n

Pred pr\u00edchodom YRC mali navrhovan\u00e9 algoritmy spr\u00e1vy pam\u00e4te v Nime nasleduj\u00face obmedzenia: ARC \u2013 nepodporoval ani viacvl\u00e1knovos\u0165, ani spracovanie cyklov; Atomic ARC \u2013 bol vl\u00e1kno-bezpe\u010dn\u00fd, ale nespracov\u00e1val cyklick\u00e9 odkazy; ORC \u2013 spracov\u00e1val cyklick\u00e9 odkazy, ale mohol to robi\u0165 spr\u00e1vne iba v r\u00e1mci jedn\u00e9ho vl\u00e1kna (pri pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed spolo\u010dn\u00fdch odkazov medzi vl\u00e1knami vznikali \u00faniky pam\u00e4te). <\/p>\n

Navrhnut\u00fd YRC kombinuje vl\u00e1kno-bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 a spracovanie cyklov medzi vl\u00e1knami, v\u010faka pou\u017eitiu kombinovan\u00e9ho pr\u00edstupu: pre acyklick\u00e9 d\u00e1ta sa aplikuje atom\u00e1rny po\u010det odkazov, zatia\u013e \u010do pre cyklick\u00e9 \u2013 zapisovac\u00ed bari\u00e9ra (write barrier), ktor\u00e1 sa aktivuje iba pri priraden\u00ed ukazovate\u013eov. V navrhnutej implement\u00e1cii: zbera\u010d sa sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165a pod\u013ea aktu\u00e1lnych potrieb (bez stop-the-world pauz); kore\u0148ov\u00e9 objekty RC s\u00fa explicitne definovan\u00e9 a zl\u00fa\u010den\u00e9 raz (nena\u0165ahuje sa z\u00e1sobn\u00edky vl\u00e1kien); zabra\u0148uje sa viacvl\u00e1knov\u00e9mu vymazaniu po\u010das iter\u00e1cie (nie je glob\u00e1lna f\u00e1za sweep); mut\u00e1tory slobodne \u010d\u00edtaj\u00fa d\u00e1ta; ak\u00e9ko\u013evek vl\u00e1kno m\u00f4\u017ee spusti\u0165 zbera\u010d odpadu pod\u013ea potreby (bez vyhraden\u00e9ho GC-vl\u00e1kna). <\/p>\n

YRC vyu\u017e\u00edva \u00fapln\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie o udalostiach incRef\/decRef, ktor\u00e9 tradi\u010dn\u00e9 trasovacie zbera\u010de odpadu (tracing GC) ignoruj\u00fa a potom s\u00fa n\u00faten\u00e9 obnovova\u0165 prostredn\u00edctvom skenovania z\u00e1sobn\u00edkov a prechodu grafom. Implement\u00e1cia obsahuje iba 550 riadkov k\u00f3du a m\u00e1 form\u00e1lnu verifik\u00e1ciu bezpe\u010dnosti a absencie vz\u00e1jomn\u00fdch blok\u00e1d prostredn\u00edctvom \u0161pecifik\u00e1cie v jazyku TLA+ a d\u00f4kazu v n\u00e1stroji Lean. YRC sa pozicionuje ako \"takmer posledn\u00fd zbera\u010d cyklov na z\u00e1klade po\u010d\u00edtania odkazov\" (p\u00edsmeno Y predch\u00e1dza Z v abecede), ako aj ako najjednoduch\u0161\u00ed vl\u00e1kno-bezpe\u010dn\u00fd zbera\u010d odpadu \u2013 autor tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee nevy\u017eaduje mno\u017estvo zlo\u017eit\u00fdch mechanizmov, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa charakteristick\u00e9 pre tradi\u010dn\u00e9 trasovacie zbera\u010de odpadu. <\/p>\n

YRC poskytuje rovnak\u00e9 API ako ORC, s vykonan\u00edm destruktorov po\u010das zberu odpadu. Zbera\u010d spracov\u00e1va iba tie podgrafy objektov, s ktor\u00fdmi pracuj\u00fa vl\u00e1kna, a nedot\u00fdka sa nes\u00favisiacich d\u00e1tov\u00fdch \u0161trukt\u00far (cache, dlhodob\u00e9 objekty) \u2014 pr\u00edstup podobn\u00fd \u201edokonal\u00e9mu\u201c genera\u010dn\u00e9mu zbera\u010du odpadu bez pou\u017eitia gener\u00e1ci\u00ed. Hlavnou nev\u00fdhodou je v\u00fdkon: YRC vykazuje spomalenie o 1,5-2,0-kr\u00e1t v porovnan\u00ed s ORC v teste v\u00fdkonu orcbench. Autor pova\u017euje to za prijate\u013en\u00fa cenu za kompletn\u00e9 vl\u00e1kno-bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 spracovanie cyklick\u00fdch odkazov. <\/p>\n

YRC je u\u017e dostupn\u00fd vo v\u00fdvojovej verzii Nim a aktivuje sa praporkom \u201e--mm:yrc\u201c. Av\u0161ak v n\u00e1sledn\u00fdch spr\u00e1vach autor uznal, \u017ee p\u00f4vodn\u00e1 implement\u00e1cia obsahovala v\u00e1\u017ene chyby a nespr\u00e1vne spracov\u00e1vala cykly. V \u010dase publik\u00e1cie bol pripraven\u00fd s\u00fabor opr\u00e1v, ktor\u00e9 odstra\u0148uj\u00fa hlavn\u00e9 chyby. Autor pokra\u010duje v laden\u00ed heuristiky zberu a oprave zost\u00e1vaj\u00facich ch\u00fdb, pri\u010dom z\u00e1kladn\u00fd algoritmus a jeho form\u00e1lna verifik\u00e1cia zost\u00e1vaj\u00fa spr\u00e1vne.
\n
Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0410\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0430\u0441 \u0420\u0443\u043c\u043f\u0444 (Araq), \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Nim, \u0430\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c\u044e YRC (\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f «Ürk»), \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u0432 Nim: \u043d\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u043a, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432. \u0414\u043e \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f YRC \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044f \u0432 Nim \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c\u044e, \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f: ARC — \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b \u043d\u0438 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u043e\u0432; […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-160720","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47V jazyku Nim bol predstaven\u00fd YRC \u2014 vl\u00e1kno-bezpe\u010dn\u00fd zbera\u010d cyklick\u00fdch odkazov | ProHoster","description":"Andreas Rumpf (Araq), autor programovacieho jazyka Nim, ozn\u00e1mil nov\u00fd algoritmus spr\u00e1vy pam\u00e4te YRC (vyslovuje sa \"\u00dcrk\"), ktor\u00fd rie\u0161i jeden z k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdch probl\u00e9mov existuj\u00facich mechanizmov v Nime: nemo\u017enos\u0165.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/v-yazyke-nim-predstavlen-yrc-potokobezopasnyj-sborshhik-cziklicheskih-ssylok","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"sk_SK","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0412 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 Nim \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d YRC \u2014 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0449\u0438\u043a \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u043a | ProHoster","og:description":"\u0410\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0430\u0441 \u0420\u0443\u043c\u043f\u0444 (Araq), \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Nim, \u0430\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c\u044e YRC (\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f "\u00dcrk"), \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u0432 Nim: 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