{"id":168524,"date":"2026-04-13T11:12:24","date_gmt":"2026-04-13T09:12:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/reliz-yadra-linux-7-0"},"modified":"2026-04-13T11:12:24","modified_gmt":"2026-04-13T09:12:24","slug":"reliz-yadra-linux-7-0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/reliz-yadra-linux-7-0","title":{"rendered":"Vydanie jadra Linux 7.0","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Po dvoch mesiacoch v\u00fdvoja predstavil Linus Torvalds vydanie jadra Linux 7.0. Medzi najv\u00fdraznej\u0161\u00edmi zmenami s\u00fa: pravidl\u00e1 pre pou\u017e\u00edvanie AI asistentov, zaradenie Rustu medzi hlavn\u00e9 funkcie jadra, zv\u00fd\u0161enie v\u00fdkonu str\u00e1nkovania, predvolen\u00e1 aktiv\u00e1cia re\u017eimu PREEMPT_LAZY, podpora filtrov pre oper\u00e1cie io_uring, nov\u00fd s\u00faborov\u00fd syst\u00e9m Nullfs, infra\u0161trukt\u00fara fserror, monitoring XFS, podpora pre premapovanie v Btrfs, predvolen\u00e9 zapnutie verzie NFS 4.1, integr\u00e1cia post-kvantov\u00e9ho kryptografick\u00e9ho algoritmu ML-DSA, aktiv\u00e1cia AccECN v sie\u0165ovej subsyst\u00e9me, a po\u010diato\u010dn\u00e1 podpora WiFi 8.      <\/p>\n<p>\u010c\u00edslo 7.0 bolo priraden\u00e9, preto\u017ee v vetve 6.x sa nahromadilo dostato\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estvo vydan\u00ed na zmenu prv\u00e9ho \u010d\u00edsla vo verzii (v \u010dase vydania 6.0 bolo vytvoren\u00e9 po 5.19). Zmena \u010d\u00edslovania sa vykon\u00e1va z estetick\u00fdch d\u00f4vodov a je form\u00e1lnym krokom, ktor\u00fd odstra\u0148uje nepohodlie sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 hromaden\u00edm ve\u013ek\u00e9ho po\u010dtu vydan\u00ed v s\u00e9rii.       <\/p>\n<p>Nov\u00e1 verzia obsahuje 15624 opr\u00e1v od 2477 v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rov, ve\u013ekos\u0165 z\u00e1platy je 56 MB (v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 zmeny sa dotkli 18053 s\u00faborov, pridalo sa 704060 riadkov k\u00f3du, 278132 riadky sa odstr\u00e1nili). V minulom vydan\u00ed bolo 15657 opr\u00e1v od 2237 v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rov, ve\u013ekos\u0165 z\u00e1platy bola 52 MB. Pribli\u017ene 51 % v\u0161etk\u00fdch zmien v 7.0 je spojen\u00fdch s ovl\u00e1da\u010dmi zariaden\u00ed, pribli\u017ene 11 % zmien sa t\u00fdka aktualiz\u00e1cie k\u00f3du \u0161pecifick\u00e9ho pre hardv\u00e9rov\u00e9 architekt\u00fary, 14 % s\u00favis\u00ed so sie\u0165ov\u00fdm z\u00e1sobn\u00edkom, 5 % s s\u00faborov\u00fdmi syst\u00e9mami a 3 % s vn\u00fatorn\u00fdmi subsyst\u00e9mami jadra.       <\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00e9 novinky v jadre 7.0 (1, 2, 3):  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Diskov\u00fd subsyst\u00e9m, I\/O a s\u00faborov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Realizovan\u00e1 bola infra\u0161trukt\u00fara fserror a pridan\u00e9 API na z\u00edskavanie inform\u00e1ci\u00ed o chyb\u00e1ch vstupu\/v\u00fdstupu a po\u0161koden\u00ed metad\u00e1t pri pr\u00e1ci so s\u00fabormi. Navrhovan\u00e1 infra\u0161trukt\u00fara unifikuje v s\u00faborov\u00fdch syst\u00e9moch pren\u00e1\u0161anie \u00fadajov o chyb\u00e1ch do pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013esk\u00e9ho priestoru prostredn\u00edctvom mechanizmu fsnotify.\n<li class=\"l\"> V XFS boli pridan\u00e9 nov\u00e9 funkcie na monitorovanie stavu s\u00faborov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu z pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013esk\u00e9ho priestoru. Bola navrhnut\u00e1 ioctl oper\u00e1cia XFS_IOC_HEALTH_MONITOR, ktor\u00e1 vracia s\u00faborov\u00fd deskriptor, prostredn\u00edctvom ktor\u00e9ho je mo\u017en\u00e9 z\u00edska\u0165 inform\u00e1cie o zlyhaniach s\u00favisiacich s po\u0161koden\u00edm metad\u00e1t alebo vzniknut\u00edm ch\u00fdb pri vstupe\/v\u00fdstupe, ako aj sledova\u0165 zmeny stavov FS, ako je odmontovanie a vypnutie. \u010ealej bol navrhnut\u00fd riaden\u00fd cez systemd na pozad\u00ed proces xfs_healer, ktor\u00fd spracov\u00e1va udalosti o stave FS z pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013esk\u00e9ho priestoru a v pr\u00edpade potreby automaticky spust\u00ed procesy obnovy.\n<li class=\"l\"> Do s\u00faborov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu Btrfs bola pridan\u00e1 experiment\u00e1lna podpora \u0161trukt\u00fary \u201estrom remapovania\u201c (remap tree), ktor\u00e1 sa v bud\u00facnosti m\u00f4\u017ee vyu\u017e\u00edva\u0165 ako medzivrstva pri vykon\u00e1van\u00ed oper\u00e1ci\u00ed vstup\/v\u00fdstup. Podstata pridanej funk\u010dnosti spo\u010d\u00edva v tom, \u017ee po presune d\u00e1t na \u00falo\u017eisku sa namiesto aktualiz\u00e1cie v\u0161etk\u00fdch s\u00favisiacich so t\u00fdmito d\u00e1tami \u0161trukt\u00far v dodato\u010dnej \u0161trukt\u00fare \u201eremap tree\u201c uchov\u00e1vaj\u00fa star\u00e9 a nov\u00e9 adresy d\u00e1t, pri\u010dom pri pr\u00edstupe k d\u00e1tam sa adresy zamie\u0148aj\u00fa. Nov\u00fd pr\u00edstup sa predklad\u00e1 ako spo\u013eahlivej\u0161\u00ed a flexibilnej\u0161\u00ed, pri\u010dom zjednodu\u0161uje \u010fal\u0161ie roz\u0161\u00edrenie funk\u010dnosti Btrfs.\n<li class=\"l\"> V Btrfs bola implementovan\u00e1 podpora priameho vstupu\/v\u00fdstupu v pr\u00edpadoch, ke\u010f ve\u013ekos\u0165 bloku presahuje ve\u013ekos\u0165 pam\u00e4\u0165ovej str\u00e1nky v syst\u00e9me.\n<li class=\"l\"> S\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou bola pridan\u00e1 nov\u00e1 s\u00faborov\u00e1 s\u00fastava \u201eNullfs\u201c, ktor\u00fa je mo\u017en\u00e9 vyu\u017ei\u0165 ako z\u00e1tku pre kore\u0148ov\u00fa FS. S\u00faborov\u00e1 s\u00fastava Nullfs je v\u017edy pr\u00e1zdna, neobsahuje d\u00e1ta a nepodporuje zmeny. \u00da\u010delom Nullfs je pou\u017eitie ako po\u010diato\u010dn\u00e1 FS na zjednodu\u0161enie procesu spustenia syst\u00e9mu \u2013 cez Nullfs sa potom montuj\u00fa \u010fal\u0161ie FS a pou\u017e\u00edva sa syst\u00e9mov\u00fd hovor pivot_root() na prepnutie kore\u0148ovej FS namiesto vymazania obsahu initramfs a pou\u017e\u00edvania s \u0148ou s\u00favisiacej kore\u0148ovej FS.\n<li class=\"l\"> Bolo implementovan\u00e9 aktualizovanie inform\u00e1ci\u00ed o \u010dase modifik\u00e1cie s\u00faborov v neblokuj\u00facom re\u017eime. Predt\u00fdm volanie file_update_time_flags() s pr\u00edznakom IOCB_NOWAIT vracalo chybu \u201e-EAGAIN\u201c, \u010do neumo\u017e\u0148ovalo vykon\u00e1va\u0165 oper\u00e1cie priameho z\u00e1pisu v neblokuj\u00facom re\u017eime.\n<li class=\"l\"> Vo s\u00faborov\u00fdch syst\u00e9moch bola zaraden\u00e1 podpora notifika\u010dn\u00fdch z\u00e1mkov (lease) ako samostatne zap\u00ednan\u00fdch mo\u017enost\u00ed. Predvolene tak\u00fdto mechanizmus teraz nie je aktivovan\u00fd kv\u00f4li probl\u00e9mom so s\u00faborov\u00fdmi syst\u00e9mami, ktor\u00e9 neboli prvotne navrhnut\u00e9 pre jeho pou\u017eitie. Napr\u00edklad, tento mechanizmus nepodporuj\u00fa s\u00faborov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my 9p a cephfs.\n<li class=\"l\"> V s\u00faborovom syst\u00e9me EROFS (Extendable Read-Only File System), ur\u010denom na pou\u017eitie na oddieloch dostupn\u00fdch v re\u017eime iba na \u010d\u00edtanie, je predvolene pou\u017eit\u00fd algoritmus LZMA na kompresiu. Volite\u013ene s\u00fa k dispoz\u00edcii algoritmy DEFLATE a Zstandard, ktor\u00e9 u\u017e nie s\u00fa ozna\u010den\u00e9 ako experiment\u00e1lne. Bola implementovan\u00e1 zdie\u013eanie z\u00e1znamov v str\u00e1nkovom ke\u0161i (page-cache) pre identick\u00e9 s\u00fabory v samostatn\u00fdch FS EROFS.\n<li class=\"l\"> Re\u017eim laptop_mode, ktor\u00fd \u0161etr\u00ed energiu t\u00fdm, \u017ee oneskoruje a sp\u00e1ja oper\u00e1cie z\u00e1pisu na pevn\u00fd disk s cie\u013eom pred\u013a\u017ei\u0165 \u010das, po\u010das ktor\u00e9ho je disk v sp\u00e1nkovom re\u017eime, a zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 po\u010det prebuden\u00ed, bol odstr\u00e1nen\u00fd. Tento re\u017eim sa stal zastaran\u00fdm, preto\u017ee v modern\u00fdch mobiln\u00fdch zariadeniach s\u00fa pevn\u00e9 disky nahraden\u00e9 SSD.\n<li class=\"l\"> S\u00faborov\u00fd syst\u00e9m F2FS bol preveden\u00fd na pou\u017e\u00edvanie ve\u013ek\u00fdch str\u00e1nkov\u00fdch foliantov (large folios).\n<li class=\"l\"> Obnoven\u00e1 pr\u00e1ca na drivre ntfs3, ktor\u00fd vyv\u00edja spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Paragon Software. Pridan\u00e1 podpora oper\u00e1ci\u00ed s s\u00fabormi na b\u00e1ze iomap, implementovan\u00e9 mo\u017enosti llseek SEEK_DATA\/SEEK_HOLE, pridan\u00fd re\u017eim delalloc pre odlo\u017een\u00e9 pride\u013eovanie blokov. Medzit\u00fdm bola v zozname mailing listu v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rov jadra vo febru\u00e1ri schv\u00e1len\u00e1 integr\u00e1cia novej implement\u00e1cie NTFS \u2014 ntfsplus, vyvinutej na n\u00e1hradu ntfs3.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pri v\u00fdrobe je predvolene zahrnut\u00e1 verzia protokolu NFS 4.1 (CONFIG_NFS_V4_1). Zabezpe\u010den\u00e9 zamknutie exportu cez NFS \u0161pecializovan\u00fdch pseudo-FS, ako s\u00fa pidfs a nsfs. V NFSD bola implementovan\u00e1 experiment\u00e1lna funkcia pou\u017e\u00edvania POSIX ACL a pridan\u00e1 podpora dynamickej zmeny poolu vl\u00e1kien (thread-pool) v z\u00e1vislosti od za\u0165a\u017eenia.                                <\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Pam\u00e4\u0165 a syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 slu\u017eby<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Schv\u00e1len\u00e9 ofici\u00e1lne pravidl\u00e1 pre pou\u017e\u00edvanie AI asistentov a integr\u00e1ciu automaticky generovan\u00e9ho obsahu do jadra. Pri prenosu generovan\u00e9ho k\u00f3du je predp\u00edsan\u00e9 ozna\u010di\u0165 ho uveden\u00edm pou\u017eit\u00e9ho AI asistenta cez tag \u201eAssisted-by\u201c. AI asistentom je zak\u00e1zan\u00e9 prid\u00e1va\u0165 tag \u201eSigned-off-by\u201c \u2014 \u010dlovek, ktor\u00fd odoslal patch, sa pova\u017euje za jeho autora, nesie zodpovednos\u0165 za odoslan\u00fa zmenu a ru\u010d\u00ed za jej kvalitu. V\u00fdvoj\u00e1rom je predp\u00edsan\u00e9 vykon\u00e1va\u0165 manu\u00e1lne presk\u00famanie k\u00f3du generovan\u00e9ho cez AI a overova\u0165 zhodu v\u00fdsledku s licen\u010dn\u00fdmi po\u017eiadavkami.\n<li class=\"l\"> Podpora Rust bola presunut\u00e1 z experiment\u00e1lnych do hlavn\u00fdch funkci\u00ed jadra. Podpora Rust nie je predvolene aktivovan\u00e1 a nevedie k zahrnutiu Rustu medzi povinn\u00e9 z\u00e1vislosti pri zostavovan\u00ed jadra.\n<li class=\"l\"> Dokon\u010den\u00e1 integr\u00e1cia mechanizmu \u201eSwap Table\u201c do jadra, ktor\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 v\u00fdkon swapu. Zr\u00fdchlenie sa dosahuje v\u010faka zn\u00ed\u017eeniu konkurencie o pr\u00edstup do swapov\u00e9ho cache, efekt\u00edvnej\u0161iemu vyh\u013ead\u00e1vaniu v cache a zn\u00ed\u017eeniu fragment\u00e1cie. Backend zalo\u017een\u00fd na Swap Table je vyu\u017eit\u00fd na cacheovanie swapu namiesto backendu XArray a umo\u017enil v teste redis-benchmark s BGSAVE zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 po\u010det spracovan\u00fdch po\u017eiadaviek o 22%.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00e1 podpora pre nov\u00e9 roz\u0161\u00edrenie Thread Safety Analysis, ktor\u00e9 sa objavilo v Clang 22 a umo\u017e\u0148uje identifikova\u0165 potenci\u00e1lne stavy pretekania a chyby sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 nespr\u00e1vnym nastaven\u00edm z\u00e1mkov u\u017e v \u0161t\u00e1diu kompil\u00e1cie. Roz\u0161\u00edrenie pon\u00faka s\u00e9riu atrib\u00fatov, ako GUARDED_BY(\u2026), REQUIRES(\u2026), RELEASE(\u2026) a ACQUIRE(\u2026), ktor\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa ozna\u010di\u0165 funkcie pokryt\u00e9 z\u00e1mkami a oddeli\u0165 oblasti p\u00f4sobenia z\u00e1mkov (definova\u0165 kontext). V priebehu kompil\u00e1cie prebieha kontrola spr\u00e1vnosti aplik\u00e1cie synchroniza\u010dn\u00fdch primit\u00edv, ako s\u00fa mutexy, na z\u00e1klade hodnotenia aktivity alebo neaktivity pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9ho kontextu.\n<li class=\"l\"> Do syst\u00e9mov\u00e9ho volania open_tree bol pridan\u00fd flag OPEN_TREE_NAMESPACE na zjednodu\u0161enie konfigur\u00e1cie izolovan\u00fdch kontajnerov a ur\u00fdchlenie sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165ania kontajnerov na syst\u00e9moch s ve\u013ek\u00fdm po\u010dtom mont\u00e1\u017enych bodov. Podobne ako OPEN_TREE_CLONE nov\u00fd flag kop\u00edruje iba ur\u010den\u00e9 mont\u00e1\u017ene strom (mount tree), ale namiesto lok\u00e1lneho s\u00faborov\u00e9ho deskriptoru vracia s\u00faborov\u00fd deskriptor v novom priestore n\u00e1zvov mont\u00e1\u017enych bodov, v ktorom je skop\u00edrovan\u00fd strom namontovan\u00fd nad k\u00f3piou skuto\u010dn\u00e9ho kore\u0148ov\u00e9ho FS. Flag OPEN_TREE_NAMESPACE je \u017eiadan\u00fd na odstr\u00e1nenie oddelen\u00e9ho vykon\u00e1vania oper\u00e1ci\u00ed unshare(CLONE_NEWNS) a pivot_root(), ktor\u00e9 sa pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa pri vytv\u00e1ran\u00ed kontajnerov.\n<li class=\"l\"> Do syst\u00e9mov\u00e9ho volania rseq bol pridan\u00fd mechanizmus roz\u0161\u00edrenia kvantov \u010dasu (time slice), ktor\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje z\u00edska\u0165 dodato\u010dn\u00fd \u010das CPU na nepretr\u017eit\u00e9 vykon\u00e1vanie kritickej sekcie. My\u0161lienka je v tom, aby sa predi\u0161lo preru\u0161eniu pl\u00e1nova\u010dom \u00faloh kritickej sekcie so zapnut\u00fdm z\u00e1mkom, \u010do vedie k presunu riadenia na in\u00e9 vl\u00e1kna vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00face zdroj, na ktor\u00fdch zost\u00e1va zapnut\u00fd z\u00e1mok. Roz\u0161\u00edrenie kvanta \u010dasu sa uskuto\u010d\u0148uje bez dodato\u010dn\u00fdch n\u00e1kladov, ale aj bez pr\u00edsnych garanc\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 poskytuje pln\u00e9 riadenie prior\u00edt.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pre vh\u013eadov\u00fdch architekt\u00far arm64, loongarch, powerpc, riscv, s390 a x86 bol predvolen\u00fd re\u017eim preempt\u00edcie \u00faloh (preemption) v pl\u00e1nova\u010di zmenen\u00fd z PREEMPT_NONE na PREEMPT_LAZY. Po\u010det mo\u017en\u00fdch re\u017eimov bol zn\u00ed\u017een\u00fd zo \u0161tyroch na dva \u2014 PREEMPT_FULL a PREEMPT_LAZY (re\u017eimy PREEMPT_NONE a PREEMPT_VOLUNTARY zostali len pre architekt\u00fary, ktor\u00e9 nepodporuj\u00fa PREEMPT_FULL a PREEMPT_LAZY). Re\u017eim PREEMPT_LAZY aplikuje model \u00faplnej preempt\u00edcie (PREEMPT_FULL) na realtime \u00falohy (RR\/FIFO\/DEADLINE), ale oneskoruje preemptovanie be\u017en\u00fdch \u00faloh (SCHED_NORMAL) do hranice tikov. T\u00fdmto oneskoren\u00edm sa zni\u017euje po\u010det pr\u00edpadov preemptovania dr\u017eite\u013eov z\u00e1mkov, \u010d\u00edm sa zlep\u0161uje v\u00fdkon v porovnan\u00ed s konfigur\u00e1ciami, ktor\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa model dobrovo\u013enej preempt\u00edcie (voluntary preemption). To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee PREEMPT_LAZY umo\u017e\u0148uje zachova\u0165 mo\u017enosti \u00faplnej preempt\u00edcie pre realtime \u00falohy, ale minimalizuje pokles v\u00fdkonu pre be\u017en\u00e9 \u00falohy.\n<p>Zavedenie PREEMPT_LAZY sp\u00f4sobilo v\u00e1\u017enu regresiu, ktor\u00e1 zn\u00ed\u017eila v\u00fdkon PostgreSQL na syst\u00e9moch ARM64 na polovicu. Na odstr\u00e1nenie poklesu v\u00fdkonu boli v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rom PostgreSQL navrhnut\u00e9 mo\u017enosti PR_RSEQ_SLICE_EXTENSION na zn\u00ed\u017eenie pravdepodobnosti vytesnenia dr\u017eite\u013ea z\u00e1mku.       <\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Pokra\u010duje prenos zmien z vetvy Rust-for-Linux, ktor\u00e9 sa t\u00fdkaj\u00fa pou\u017e\u00edvania jazyka Rust ako druh\u00e9ho jazyka na v\u00fdvoj ovl\u00e1da\u010dov a modulov jadra. V\u010faka predt\u00fdm integrovan\u00fdm kni\u017eniciam \u201esyn\u201c, ktor\u00e1 zjednodu\u0161uje p\u00edsanie zlo\u017eit\u00fdch makier, sa podarilo zmen\u0161i\u0165 ve\u013ekos\u0165 Rust k\u00f3du v jadre zjednodu\u0161en\u00edm defin\u00edci\u00ed existuj\u00facich procedur\u00e1lnych makier. Roz\u0161\u00edren\u00e9 mo\u017enosti kni\u017en\u00edc kernel, macros a pin-init.\n<li class=\"l\"> Do syst\u00e9mu asynchr\u00f3nneho vstupu\/v\u00fdstupu io_uring bola pridan\u00e1 mo\u017enos\u0165 pre pou\u017e\u00edvanie nekruhov\u00fdch frontov (non-circular submission queue), ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa efekt\u00edvnej\u0161ie cache-ovate\u013en\u00e9 v situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch, ke\u010f sa vykonanie po\u017eiadavky dokon\u010d\u00ed sk\u00f4r, ne\u017e sa vr\u00e1ti z syst\u00e9mov\u00e9ho volania.\n<li class=\"l\"> V subsyst\u00e9me eBPF sa v mechanizme BTF (BPF Type Format), poskytuj\u00facom inform\u00e1cie na overovanie typov v pseudok\u00f3de BPF, na vyh\u013ead\u00e1vanie ladenia vyu\u017e\u00edva bin\u00e1rne vyh\u013ead\u00e1vanie, \u010do zv\u00fd\u0161ilo efektivitu na\u010d\u00edtania BPF-programov. V eBPF bola pridan\u00e1 podpora implicitn\u00fdch argumentov pri volan\u00ed kfunc (funkcie jadra dostupn\u00e9 na pou\u017e\u00edvanie v programoch BPF), definovan\u00fdch s vlajkou KF_IMPLICIT_ARGS.\n<li class=\"l\"> Odstr\u00e1nen\u00fd k\u00f3d na podporu po\u010diato\u010dn\u00e9ho RAM disku (initrd) zalo\u017een\u00e9ho na linuxrc, ktor\u00fd bol d\u00e1vno vyhl\u00e1sen\u00fd za zastaran\u00fd. Zost\u00e1vaj\u00face implement\u00e1cie initrd pl\u00e1nuj\u00fa odstr\u00e1ni\u0165 v roku 2027. Namiesto initrd by sa mal pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 initramfs (rozdiel je v tom, \u017ee initrd umiest\u0148uje po\u010diato\u010dn\u00e9 zav\u00e1dzacie prostredie v diskovom obraze, zatia\u013e \u010do initramfs \u2014 v s\u00faborovom syst\u00e9me).\n<li class=\"l\"> V blokovom zariaden\u00ed zram, pou\u017e\u00edvanom na komprimovan\u00e9 uchov\u00e1vanie oddielu pre swapov\u00fa pam\u00e4\u0165 v pam\u00e4ti, bola zmenen\u00e1 logika pr\u00e1ce so skompresovan\u00fdmi str\u00e1nkami pam\u00e4te pri volite\u013enom presune \u00fadajov do trval\u00e9ho \u00falo\u017eiska v pr\u00edpade zaplnenia dostupnej opera\u010dnej pam\u00e4te. Predt\u00fdm sa str\u00e1nky pam\u00e4te rozbalili pred z\u00e1pisom na fyzick\u00e9 m\u00e9dium, ale teraz sa uchov\u00e1vaj\u00fa tak\u00e9, ak\u00e9 s\u00fa, v komprimovanej forme, \u010do zni\u017euje z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e na CPU a \u0161etr\u00ed energiu pri auton\u00f3mnej prev\u00e1dzke.\n<li class=\"l\"> Do utilitky timerlat, ur\u010denej na meranie latenci\u00ed pri pr\u00e1ci pl\u00e1nova\u010da \u00faloh, bola pridan\u00e1 mo\u017enos\u0165 \u201e--bpf-action\u201c na spustenie BPF programov v pr\u00edpade prekro\u010denia stanoven\u00e9ho prahu.\n<li class=\"l\"> Do syst\u00e9mu sledovania ftrace bola pridan\u00e1 konfigur\u00e1cia \u201ebitmask-list\u201c na zobrazovanie bitov\u00fdch masiek v \u010ditate\u013enej forme (vo forme zoznamu bitov, nie hexadecim\u00e1lneho \u010d\u00edsla). Do tracefs boli pridan\u00e9 mo\u017enosti na audit filtrov a sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165a\u010dov. Pridan\u00fd pr\u00edkaz \u201eperf sched stats\u201c na zhroma\u017e\u010fovanie a zobrazovanie \u0161tatistiky o pr\u00e1ci pl\u00e1nova\u010da \u00faloh.\n<li class=\"l\"> Boli pridan\u00e9 mo\u017enosti zostavenia LOGO_LINUX_MONO_FILE, LOGO_LINUX_VGA16_FILE a LOGO_LINUX_CLUT224_FILE na ur\u010denie s\u00faboru s obr\u00e1zkom loga, ktor\u00fd sa bude zobrazova\u0165 pri zav\u00e1dzan\u00ed jadra namiesto \u0161tandardn\u00e9ho loga s tu\u010dniakom Tux.                                <\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Virtualiz\u00e1cia a bezpe\u010dnos\u0165<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> V syst\u00e9me asynchr\u00f3nneho vstupu\/v\u00fdstupu io_uring bola implementovan\u00e1 mo\u017enos\u0165 pripojenia BPF programov s filtrami, ktor\u00e9 kontroluj\u00fa, \u010do m\u00f4\u017eu robi\u0165 konkr\u00e9tne SQE (Submission Queue Entry) oper\u00e1cie (podobn\u00e9 syst\u00e9mov\u00fdm volaniam v io_uring). Pridan\u00e1 funkcia je anal\u00f3gom filtrov syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch volan\u00ed. Filtrovanie m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 viazan\u00e9 na konkr\u00e9tne \u00falohy a ded\u00ed sa pri vytv\u00e1ran\u00ed \u010fal\u0161\u00edch procesov po zavolan\u00ed fork(). Pri akt\u00edvnych filtroch m\u00f4\u017eu pridan\u00e9 filtre len priradi\u0165 dodato\u010dn\u00e9 obmedzenia, nie v\u0161ak vypn\u00fa\u0165 existuj\u00face. Implementovan\u00e1 funkcia umo\u017en\u00ed blokova\u0165 met\u00f3dy obch\u00e1dzania filtrov syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch volan\u00ed v sandboxov\u00fdch prostrediach, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa zalo\u017een\u00e9 na vykon\u00e1van\u00ed oper\u00e1ci\u00ed podobn\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov\u00fdm volaniam poskytovan\u00fdm v io_uring.\n<li class=\"l\"> V SELinux bola pridan\u00e1 mo\u017enos\u0165 spr\u00e1vy pr\u00edstupu k BPF tokenom, \u010do umo\u017e\u0148uje neprivilegovan\u00fdm procesom vykon\u00e1va\u0165 niektor\u00e9 privilegovan\u00e9 oper\u00e1cie s BPF, ako napr\u00edklad na\u010d\u00edtanie BPF programov do jadra a vytv\u00e1ranie map-\u0161trukt\u00far.\n<li class=\"l\"> Bola pridan\u00e1 podpora algoritmu na generovanie digit\u00e1lnych podpisov ML-DSA (CRYSTALS-Dilithium), ktor\u00fd je zalo\u017een\u00fd na te\u00f3rii mrie\u017eok a je odoln\u00fd vo\u010di \u00fatokom na kvantov\u00fdch po\u010d\u00edta\u010doch. Umo\u017e\u0148uje pou\u017eitie ML-DSA na autentifik\u00e1ciu jadrov\u00fdch modulov.\n<li class=\"l\"> Bola odstr\u00e1nen\u00e1 mo\u017enos\u0165 pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 sch\u00e9my na generovanie digit\u00e1lnych podpisov s algoritmom SHA-1 na overovanie jadrov\u00fdch modulov (podpora na\u010d\u00edtania podp\u00edsan\u00fdch modulov bola zachovan\u00e1).\n<li class=\"l\"> Do z\u00e1znamu auditu NETFILTER_PKT boli pridan\u00e9 polia 'sport' a 'dport' na kontrolu \u010d\u00edsel sie\u0165ov\u00fdch portov, nielen. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/lir\/ipv4\/\" title=\"IP adresy\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\">IP adresy<\/a>.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pre syst\u00e9my s architekt\u00farou RISC-V bola implementovan\u00e1 podpora roz\u0161\u00edren\u00ed Zicfiss a Zicfilp, ktor\u00e9 poskytuj\u00fa hardv\u00e9rov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti na aplikovanie ochrany CFI (Control Flow Integrity), blokuj\u00facej poru\u0161enia norm\u00e1lneho poradia vykon\u00e1vania in\u0161trukci\u00ed (control flow) v d\u00f4sledku vyu\u017eitia exploitov, ktor\u00e9 menia v pam\u00e4ti ulo\u017een\u00e9 ukazovatele na funkcie.\n<li class=\"l\"> V hypervizoru <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/vps\/abuzoustojchivye-vps\/\" title=\"KVM\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\">KVM<\/a> bola implementovan\u00e1 mo\u017enos\u0165 pren\u00e1\u0161a\u0165 do hos\u0165ovac\u00edch syst\u00e9mov inform\u00e1cie o podpore roz\u0161\u00edrenia procesora ERAPS (Enhanced Return Address Predictor Security), ktor\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uje ob\u00eds\u0165 niektor\u00e9 oper\u00e1cie resetovania stavu CPU pri op\u00e4tovnom prevzat\u00ed kontroly hostite\u013eom hos\u0165ovac\u00edm syst\u00e9mom. Okrem toho bola pridan\u00e1 podpora priradenia hardv\u00e9ru k hos\u0165ovac\u00edm syst\u00e9mom na sledovanie v\u00fdkonu (PMU, Performance Monitoring Unit), \u010do zvy\u0161uje presnos\u0165 profilovania v porovnan\u00ed s pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00edm emulovan\u00fdch PMU.\n<li class=\"l\"> Do ovl\u00e1da\u010da pre hyperv\u00edzor Hyper-V bola pridan\u00e1 podpora rozhrania debugfs na zobrazenie \u0161tatistiky o fungovan\u00ed hyperv\u00edzora.                        <\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Sie\u0165ov\u00fd subsyst\u00e9m<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Predvolene je aktivovan\u00e9 roz\u0161\u00edrenie AccECN (Presn\u00e9 explicitn\u00e9 ozn\u00e1menie o pre\u0165a\u017een\u00ed), ktor\u00e9 implementuje vylep\u0161en\u00fa verziu roz\u0161\u00edrenia ECN, umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00face hostite\u013eom v pr\u00edpade pre\u0165a\u017eenia ozna\u010dova\u0165 IP pakety namiesto ich odmietania. To umo\u017e\u0148uje identifikova\u0165 vznik po\u010diato\u010dnej f\u00e1zy pre\u0165a\u017eenia v komunika\u010dn\u00fdch kan\u00e1loch bez straty paketov. P\u00f4vodn\u00e9 roz\u0161\u00edrenie ECN m\u00e1 obmedzenie, ktor\u00e9 povo\u013euje zasla\u0165 iba jeden sign\u00e1l o pre\u0165a\u017een\u00ed v r\u00e1mci jedn\u00e9ho cyklu prenosu TCP (RTT, \u010das na obidve strany, odoslanie po\u017eiadavky a prijatie odpovede). AccECN toto obmedzenie odstra\u0148uje a umo\u017e\u0148uje prij\u00edmate\u013eovi posiela\u0165 odosielate\u013eovi viac ako jednu spr\u00e1vu o pre\u0165a\u017een\u00ed v hlavi\u010dke TCP paketu. Algoritmy spr\u00e1vy pre\u0165a\u017eenia m\u00f4\u017eu vyu\u017e\u00edva\u0165 z\u00edskan\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie na presnej\u0161iu reakciu na pre\u0165a\u017eenia a nemusia sa uch\u00fdli\u0165 k n\u00e1hlemu zn\u00ed\u017eeniu intenzity odosielania paketov pri vzniku mierneho pre\u0165a\u017eenia.\n<li class=\"l\"> Do implement\u00e1cie algoritmu spr\u00e1vy sie\u0165ov\u00fdch front Cake bola pridan\u00e1 mo\u017enos\u0165 spracovania viacer\u00fdch front pre rozdelenie za\u0165a\u017eenia na nieko\u013eko jadier CPU. Algoritmus CAKE je pou\u017eit\u00fd na zni\u017eovanie negat\u00edvneho vplyvu medzi\u010dinnosti paketov na hran\u010dnom sie\u0165ovom zariaden\u00ed a je zameran\u00fd na dosiahnutie maxim\u00e1lnej mo\u017enej priepustnosti a minim\u00e1lnej \u00farovne latencie aj na pomal\u00fdch pripojeniach.\n<li class=\"l\"> Do socketov VSOCK, pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch na interakciu s virtu\u00e1lnymi strojmi, bola pridan\u00e1 podpora sie\u0165ov\u00fdch menn\u00fdch priestorov (network namespace).\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00e1 po\u010diato\u010dn\u00e1 implement\u00e1cia bud\u00faceho \u0161tandardu WiFi 8 (802.11bn, Ultra High Reliability WiFi).\n<li class=\"l\"> Boli pridan\u00e9 optimaliz\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e9 umo\u017enili zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 v\u00fdkon spracovania prich\u00e1dzaj\u00facich UDP paketov o 12 % pri stresovom testovan\u00ed v 100-gigabitovej sieti.                      <\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Zariadenie<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> V ovl\u00e1da\u010di AMDGPU bola implementovan\u00e1 podpora IP blokov, pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch v nov\u00fdch GPU AMD, ako s\u00fa SMUIO 15.x, PSP 15.x, IH 6.1.1\/7.1, MMHUB 3.4\/4.2, GC 11.5.4\/12.1, SDMA 6.1.4\/7.1\/7.11.4 a JPEG 5.3.\n<li class=\"l\"> V ovl\u00e1da\u010di Nouveau bolo vylep\u0161en\u00e9 riadenie frekvencie na syst\u00e9moch Tegra 186+.\n<li class=\"l\"> Do ovl\u00e1da\u010da i915 bola pridan\u00e1 po\u010diato\u010dn\u00e1 podpora displejov\u00e9ho IP bloku Xe3p_LPD, ktor\u00fd sa pou\u017e\u00edva v procesoroch Intel Nova Lake-P.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pokra\u010duje pr\u00e1ca na ovl\u00e1da\u010di drm (Direct Rendering Manager) Xe pre GPU zalo\u017een\u00e9 na architekt\u00fare Intel Xe, ktor\u00e1 sa pou\u017e\u00edva vo grafick\u00fdch kart\u00e1ch Intel rodiny Arc a integrovan\u00fdch grafik\u00e1ch, po\u010dn\u00fac procesormi Tiger Lake. Pridan\u00fd re\u017eim Multi Queue. Pridan\u00e9 komponenty potrebn\u00e9 na diagnostiku zam\u0155zania GPU v Mesa. Pridan\u00e1 podpora mechanizmu MERT na spr\u00e1vu pr\u00edstupu k pam\u00e4ti GPU.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pokra\u010duje integr\u00e1cia komponentov ovl\u00e1da\u010da Nova pre GPU NVIDIA, vybaven\u00e9 GSP firmv\u00e9rmi, pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdmi od s\u00e9rie NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2000 na b\u00e1ze mikroarchitekt\u00fary Turing. Ovl\u00e1da\u010d je nap\u00edsan\u00fd v jazyku Rust. V novej verzii bola vykonan\u00e1 pr\u00edprava na implement\u00e1ciu podpory GPU na b\u00e1ze mikroarchitekt\u00fary Turing a boli vykonan\u00e9 r\u00f4zne vn\u00fatorn\u00e9 \u00fapravy.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00e1 podpora ovl\u00e1da\u010dov a perif\u00e9rnych zariaden\u00ed s viackan\u00e1lov\u00fdm rozhran\u00edm SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface), ktor\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uje pren\u00e1\u0161a\u0165 d\u00e1ta v nieko\u013ek\u00fdch paraleln\u00fdch tokoch.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00fd ovl\u00e1da\u010d pre kombinovan\u00e9 konektory Type-C, pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 na zariadeniach zalo\u017een\u00fdch na \u010dipoch Apple Silicon, kombinuj\u00facich rozhrania USB3, DP-AltMode a Thunderbolt\/USB4.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00e1 podpora zvukov\u00fdch subsyst\u00e9mov \u010dipov Tegra238, Minisforum V3 SE, iBasso DC04U, Intel Nova Lake, Nova Lake S a Focusrite Forte.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00e1 podpora ARM platforiem, SoC a zariaden\u00ed: Arduino UnoQ, OrangePi 6 Plus, OrangePi CM5, Anbernic RG-DS, Realtek Kent, Qualcomm Kaanapali, Mediatek Ezurio, Facebook Anacapa, Microchip LAN9668, Khadas VIM1S, QNAP TS133, i.MX952, i.MX93, i.MX94, VHIP4 EvalBoard, TQ-Systems MBLS1028A, Agilex5, Radxa CM3J, Glymur.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00e1 podpora smartf\u00f3nov a tabletov: Fairphone Gen 6 (SoC Qualcomm Milos\/Snapdragon 7s Gen 3), Pixel 3\/3 XL, Microsoft surface pro 11.          <\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Z\u00e1rove\u0148 latinskoamerick\u00e1 Nad\u00e1cia slobodn\u00e9ho softv\u00e9ru predstavila variant \u00faplne slobodn\u00e9ho jadra 7.0 \u2014 Linux-libre 7.0-gnu, zbaven\u00e9ho prvkov firmv\u00e9ru a ovl\u00e1da\u010dov, ktor\u00e9 obsahuj\u00fa neslobodn\u00e9 komponenty alebo \u010dasti k\u00f3du s obmedzen\u00fdm vyu\u017eit\u00edm od v\u00fdrobcu. V vydan\u00ed 7.0 bola vykonan\u00e1 o\u010dista od blobov ovl\u00e1da\u010da iwlwifi. Aktualizovan\u00fd k\u00f3d \u010distenia v ovl\u00e1da\u010doch amdgpu, adreno, TI PRUeth, air_en8811h, ath12k, TI VPE, rtw8852b, rt1320, rt5575 SPI, tas2783, Intel catpt. Prebehla o\u010dista n\u00e1zvov blobov v dts s\u00faboroch (devicetree) pre ARM \u010dipy.<br \/>\n<br \/>Zdroj: <a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=65194\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u041b\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441 \u0422\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux 7.0. \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439: \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f AI-\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434 Rust \u0432 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u0430\u0447\u043a\u0438, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0430 PREEMPT_LAZY, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439 io_uring, \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0424\u0421 Nullfs, \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 fserror, \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0430 XFS, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043f\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0430 \u0432 Btrfs, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 NFS 4.1, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-168524","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.5 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 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