{"id":181741,"date":"2026-05-26T02:49:06","date_gmt":"2026-05-26T00:49:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/entuziasty-dizassemblirovali-mikrokod-i386-i-sozdali-otkrytyj-cpu-z386"},"modified":"2026-05-26T02:49:06","modified_gmt":"2026-05-26T00:49:06","slug":"entuziasty-dizassemblirovali-mikrokod-i386-i-sozdali-otkrytyj-cpu-z386","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/entuziasty-dizassemblirovali-mikrokod-i386-i-sozdali-otkrytyj-cpu-z386","title":{"rendered":"Nad\u0161enci disasembliovali mikrok\u00f3d i386 a vytvorili otvoren\u00fd CPU z386","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/495040ba8dffef375f674e59965a66da.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><noindex>      <noindex><\/p>\n<p>Nad\u0161enci <a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.reenigne.org\/blog\/80386-microcode-disassembled\">dok\u00e1zali<\/a> \u00faspe\u0161ne extrahova\u0165 a de\u0161ifrova\u0165 mikroprogram procesora Intel 80386, ktor\u00fd bol pova\u017eovan\u00fd za &laquo;\u010diernu skrinku&raquo; kv\u00f4li absencii dokument\u00e1cie. Bin\u00e1rny obraz mikroprogramu bol zrekon\u0161truovan\u00fd s pomocou AI na z\u00e1klade fotografi\u00ed \u010dipu vo vysokom rozl\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed, a logika fungovania bola analyzovan\u00e1 cez trasovanie spojen\u00ed na \u010dipe. Postupne boli ur\u010den\u00e9 \u0161trukt\u00fara mikropr\u00edkazov (\u03bc-ops), polia, poradie vykon\u00e1vania a markery konca in\u0161trukci\u00ed. V\u00fdsledky projektu <a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/reenigne\/x86_microcode\/tree\/main\/80386\">boli publikovan\u00e9<\/a> s\u00fa na GitHub ako verejn\u00fd majetok.<\/p>\n<p><\/noindex><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><\/p>\n<p>Zistilo sa, \u017ee v CPU 80386 sa ka\u017ed\u00e1 in\u0161trukcia vykon\u00e1va \u00faplne cez mikrok\u00f3d, pri\u010dom v 8086 a modern\u00fdch procesoroch sa \u010das\u0165 in\u0161trukci\u00ed spracov\u00e1va priamo. Okrem toho, na rozdiel od procesorov 8086, v 80386 mikrok\u00f3d neimplementuje algoritmy priamo, ale hlavne nastavuje hardv\u00e9rov\u00e9 ur\u00fdchlova\u010de (n\u00e1sobi\u010d, delenie, <a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Barrel_shifter\">r\u00fdchly posun<\/a>, PTU (Protection Test Unit)).<\/p>\n<p><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Po\u010das v\u00fdskumu bola tie\u017e objaven\u00e1 mo\u017en\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e1 chyba pri spracovan\u00ed bitmapy pr\u00edstupov\u00fdch pr\u00e1v k vstupu\/v\u00fdstupu (IO permission bitmap): pri 4-bytovom pr\u00edstupe k portom sa kontrolovali bity pr\u00edstupov\u00fdch pr\u00e1v len pre prv\u00e9 3 byty, zatia\u013e \u010do pr\u00edstup k 4. bytu sa nekontroloval, \u010do teoreticky umo\u017enilo pr\u00edstup k hardv\u00e9rov\u00fdm registra\u010dn\u00fdm miestam, ku ktor\u00fdm by mal by\u0165 pr\u00edstup zak\u00e1zan\u00fd.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><\/p>\n<p>Na z\u00e1klade zverejnen\u00e9ho mikrok\u00f3du <a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/nand2mario.github.io\/posts\/2026\/z386\">bol vyvinut\u00fd<\/a> otvoren\u00fd CPU <a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/nand2mario\/z386\">z386<\/a>, realizovan\u00fd v jazyku SystemVerilog a funguj\u00faci s vyu\u017eit\u00edm FPGA. Namiesto implement\u00e1cie ka\u017edej in\u0161trukcie vo forme samostatn\u00e9ho <a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%87\">RTL (wikipedia.org)<\/a> (Register-transfer level) s\u00fa v z386 implementovan\u00e9 hardv\u00e9rov\u00e9 \u0161trukt\u00fary, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa riaden\u00e9 origin\u00e1lnym mikrok\u00f3dom. V\u00fdkon pripraven\u00e9ho realiz\u00e1cie zodpoved\u00e1 r\u00fdchlemu 386 PC (~70MHz). Pod riaden\u00edm z386 sa \u00faspe\u0161ne spustil DOS 6\/7, DOS\/4GW, DOS\/32A a hry ako Doom a Cannon Fodder.<\/p>\n<p><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Zdroj: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linux.org.ru\/news\/hardware\/18300992\">linux.org.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u042d\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0432\u043b\u0435\u0447\u044c \u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430 Intel 80386, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f &laquo;\u0447\u0451\u0440\u043d\u044b\u043c \u044f\u0449\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c&raquo;. \u0411\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c AI \u043f\u043e \u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f\u043c \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438, \u0430 \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0435. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 (\u03bc-ops), \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439. \u041d\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-181741","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u042d\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044b\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Erik Peterson\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/entuziasty-dizassemblirovali-mikrokod-i386-i-sozdali-otkrytyj-cpu-z386\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.3\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n\t\t<meta 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