{"id":184188,"date":"2026-11-08T23:41:05","date_gmt":"2026-11-08T21:41:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/news\/predstavlen-kmorph-dlya-bystrogo-vosstanovleniya-posle-sboya-ili-obnovleniya-yadra-linux"},"modified":"2026-11-08T23:41:09","modified_gmt":"2026-11-08T21:41:09","slug":"kmorph-introduced-for-fast-recovery-after-a-linux-kernel-crash-or-update","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/kmorph-introduced-for-fast-recovery-after-a-linux-kernel-crash-or-update","title":{"rendered":"Predstaven\u00fd kmorph na r\u00fdchle obnovenie po zlyhan\u00ed alebo aktualiz\u00e1cii jadra Linuxu","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u00fdvoj\u00e1ri projektu Multikernel, ktor\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje na jednom fyzickom po\u010d\u00edta\u010di spravova\u0165 nieko\u013eko nez\u00e1visl\u00fdch in\u0161tanci\u00ed jadra bez hyperv\u00edzora a virtualiz\u00e1cie, predstavili n\u00e1stroj kmorph, ktor\u00fd realizuje prostriedky na r\u00fdchle obnovenie po hav\u00e1rii jadra Linuxu alebo na v\u00fdmenu jadra v re\u017eime Live bez \u00fapln\u00e9ho re\u0161tartovania. Projekt vedie Cong Wang, ktor\u00fd spravuje subsyst\u00e9m riadenia prev\u00e1dzky (TC, Traffic Control) v jadre. Met\u00f3da r\u00fdchlej re\u0161tart\u00e1cie je zalo\u017een\u00e1 na predbe\u017enom na\u010d\u00edtan\u00ed rezervn\u00e9ho jadra do pam\u00e4te, ktor\u00e9 nahrad\u00ed hlavn\u00e9 pracovn\u00e9 jadro v pr\u00edpade poruchy alebo pri potrebe v\u00fdmeny jadra za nov\u00fa verziu. <\/p>\n

Navrhnut\u00fd pr\u00edstup umo\u017e\u0148uje ob\u00eds\u0165 sa bez \u00fapln\u00e9ho re\u0161tartu a takmer okam\u017eite obnovi\u0165 \u010dinnos\u0165, \u010d\u00edm sa minimalizuje \u010das ne\u010dinnosti. V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti, v pr\u00edpade hav\u00e1rie jadra, pln\u00fd re\u0161tart ve\u013ek\u00fdch serverov<\/a> trv\u00e1 to n\u011bkolik minut kv\u016fli dlouh\u00fdm proces\u016fm inicializace hardware, na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mov\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed a ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed dumpu pam\u011bti j\u00e1dra prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm mechanismu kdump. V podstat\u011b p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed kdump doch\u00e1z\u00ed k dv\u011bma restart\u016fm j\u00e1dra \u2014 nejprve se pomoc\u00ed kexec na\u010dte samostatn\u00fd instanci j\u00e1dra pro ulo\u017een\u00ed dumpu pam\u011bti, pot\u00e9 se na\u010dte pracovn\u00ed j\u00e1dro a spust\u00ed se syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 slu\u017eby.<\/p>\n

Pri aplik\u00e1cii kmorph v spojen\u00ed so samostatn\u00fdm jadrom CPU sa do pam\u00e4te vopred na\u010d\u00edta rezervn\u00e9 jadro Linuxu a minim\u00e1lne syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 prostredie, ktor\u00e9 sleduje stav hlavn\u00e9ho jadra. V pr\u00edpade zamrznutia alebo prechodu do stavu panic hlavn\u00e9ho jadra, rezervn\u00e9 prostredie preber\u00e1 kontrolu, ulo\u017e\u00ed dump pam\u00e4te zlyhan\u00e9ho jadra, prepne na seba procesorov\u00e9 jadr\u00e1, pam\u00e4\u0165, zariadenia, sie\u0165ov\u00fa konfigur\u00e1ciu a FS. <\/p>\n

P\u0159ep\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed se koordinuje pomoc\u00ed dvou program\u016f: kmorph \u2014 spou\u0161t\u00ed se v aktivn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed, vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed obsah z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed a synchronizuje v n\u011bm stav s\u00edt\u011b; kmorphd \u2014 spou\u0161t\u00ed se v z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed a sleduje stav aktivn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Krom\u011b p\u0159ep\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b hav\u00e1rie je k dispozici mo\u017enost pou\u017eit\u00ed kmorph pro aktualizaci j\u00e1dra bez tradi\u010dn\u00edho restartu. Pro urychlen\u00ed obnoven\u00ed v z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed mohou b\u00fdt krom\u011b j\u00e1dra a minim\u00e1ln\u00edho souboru syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch komponent v pohotovostn\u00edm re\u017eimu spu\u0161t\u011bny typick\u00e9 slu\u017eby, jako je nginx. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b bude p\u0159i aktivaci z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed slu\u017eba nginx ji\u017e na\u010dtena do pam\u011bti a okam\u017eit\u011b za\u010dne zpracov\u00e1vat po\u017eadavky po p\u0159epnut\u00ed na nov\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 karty, aktivaci s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 konfigurace a zm\u011bn\u011b ko\u0159enov\u00e9ho FS.<\/p>\n

V vykonan\u00fdch testoch server s nginx pomocou kmorph obnovuje pr\u00e1cu pribli\u017ene po 2 sekundy po zlyhan\u00ed jadra, ale v bud\u00facnosti sa pl\u00e1nuje dosiahnu\u0165 okam\u017eit\u00e9 prep\u00ednanie nepozorovane pre pripojen\u00fdch klientov. V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti kmorph podporuje architekt\u00fary x86_64 a ARM64, a taktie\u017e sa pracuje na podpore RISC-V. Integr\u00e1cia kmorph do distrib\u00faci\u00ed Linux sa realizuje podobne ako podpora kdump, prostredn\u00edctvom \u0161tandardn\u00fdch n\u00e1strojov dracut, initramfs-tools, kernel-install a slu\u017eby systemd.<\/p>\n

Jadro u\u017e obsahuje mechanizmy Kexec HandOver (KHO) a Live Update Orchestrator (LUO), ktor\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165a\u0165 nov\u00e9 jadro zo star\u00e9ho bez straty stavu syst\u00e9mu a bez zastavenia pr\u00e1ce zariaden\u00ed. Ale nem\u00f4\u017eu sa pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 v pr\u00edpade zlyhania v jadre, preto\u017ee vy\u017eaduj\u00fa na zachovanie stavu be\u017eiaceho jadra. KHO a LUO tie\u017e zaost\u00e1vaj\u00fa za kmorph z h\u013eadiska r\u00fdchlosti prep\u00ednania, preto\u017ee v kmorph u\u017e je nov\u00e9 jadro v pam\u00e4ti, zatia\u013e \u010do KHO a LUO vy\u017eaduj\u00fa re\u0161tartovanie jadra cez kexec.
\n
Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Multikernel, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u043a\u0437\u0435\u043c\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0433\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439 kmorph, \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0430\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u0432 Live-\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0433 \u0412\u0430\u043d\u0433 (Cong Wang), \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c (TC, Traffic Control) \u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0435. \u041c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-184188","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Predstaven\u00fd kmorph pre r\u00fdchle obnovenie po zlyhan\u00ed alebo aktualiz\u00e1ciu jadra Linux | ProHoster","description":"V\u00fdvoj\u00e1ri projektu Multikernel, ktor\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje na jednom fyzickom po\u010d\u00edta\u010di vykon\u00e1va\u0165 nieko\u013eko nez\u00e1visl\u00fdch exempl\u00e1rov jadra bez hyperv\u00edzora a virtualiz\u00e1cie, predstavili n\u00e1stroje kmorph, implementuj\u00face prostriedky.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/kmorph-introduced-for-fast-recovery-after-a-linux-kernel-crash-or-update","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"sk_SK","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d kmorph \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux | ProHoster","og:description":"\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Multikernel, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u043a\u0437\u0435\u043c\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0433\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439 kmorph, \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430.","og:url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/kmorph-introduced-for-fast-recovery-after-a-linux-kernel-crash-or-update","og:image":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:width":350,"og:image:height":350,"article:published_time":"2026-11-08T21:41:05+00:00","article:modified_time":"2026-11-08T21:41:09+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster"},"aioseo_meta_data":[],"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/184188","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=184188"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/184188\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":184189,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/184188\/revisions\/184189"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=184188"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=184188"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=184188"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}