{"id":184270,"date":"2026-11-15T11:45:19","date_gmt":"2026-11-15T09:45:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/news\/predstavlen-xraid-s-realizacziej-raid-dlya-xfs"},"modified":"2026-11-15T11:45:30","modified_gmt":"2026-11-15T09:45:30","slug":"xraid-introduced-with-raid-implementation-for-xfs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/xraid-introduced-with-raid-implementation-for-xfs","title":{"rendered":"Predstaven\u00fd XRAID s implement\u00e1ciou RAID pre XFS","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Christoph Hellwig, maintainer of the DMA, KVM, Slab Allocator subsystems, and PowerPC architecture in the Linux kernel, introduced the first public release of XRAID, an implementation of declustered RAID with parity control integrated into the XFS filesystem. The project aims to add the capability to use RAID on zoned storage devices, such as SMR (Shingled Magnetic Recording) disks, and to provide a high-performance RAID implementation for maintaining data integrity. In addition to zoned devices, XRAID also supports operation on conventional hard drives and SSDs, showing a significant performance increase on the latter compared to mdraid (up to 20 times in writing).<\/p>\n

XRAID uses a declustered parity control mechanism to distribute information across the drives, similar to dRAID in OpenZFS, where no separate drives are allocated for hot spares. Instead, data, parity control information, and spare space are evenly distributed across all drives. The process of reading, writing, and recovery in emergencies covers all available drives, which increases throughput, reduces the load on individual disks, avoids noticeable performance dips during failures, and significantly accelerates the process of rebuilding the array after adding or replacing drives.<\/p>\n

Declustered RAIDs also simplify the creation of fault-tolerant arrays with a very large number of disks. During recovery after failures, XRAID dynamically determines the order of rebuilding drives, first addressing zones with greater loss of redundant information and rebuilding zones with data before those containing parity information.<\/p>\n

XRAID sa od za\u010diatku vyv\u00edjal s oh\u013eadom na mo\u017enos\u0165 pou\u017eitia so z\u00f3novan\u00fdmi \u00falo\u017eiskami, kde je \u00falo\u017en\u00fd priestor rozdelen\u00fd na z\u00f3ny, ktor\u00e9 tvoria skupiny blokov alebo sektorov. V tak\u00fdchto zariadeniach je povolen\u00e9 iba sekven\u010dn\u00e9 prid\u00e1vanie \u00fadajov s aktualiz\u00e1ciou celej skupiny blokov. Napr\u00edklad z\u00f3novanie z\u00e1pisu sa pou\u017e\u00edva v diskoch SMR (Shingled Magnetic Recording), kde je \u0161\u00edrka stopy men\u0161ia ne\u017e \u0161\u00edrka magnetickej hlavy a z\u00e1pis sa uskuto\u010d\u0148uje s \u010diasto\u010dn\u00fdm prekryv\u00e1van\u00edm susednej stopy, tj. ak\u00e9ko\u013evek prep\u00edsanie vedie k potrebe prep\u00edsania celej skupiny st\u00f4p. <\/p>\n

Na podporu z\u00f3novan\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed v XRAID je zapojen\u00fd realizovan\u00fd v XFS a jadre Linux rozde\u013eova\u010d blokov pre z\u00f3novan\u00e9 zariadenia (zoned allocator), ktor\u00fd vyu\u017e\u00edva RT-podobjem (RealTime subvolume) na organizovanie oddelen\u00e9ho \u00falo\u017eiska pre \u00fadaje a metad\u00e1ta (v z\u00f3nach s sekven\u010dn\u00fdm z\u00e1pisom je ulo\u017een\u00fd iba obsah s\u00faborov, zatia\u013e \u010do metad\u00e1ta s\u00faborov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu sa ukladaj\u00fa v norm\u00e1lnych z\u00f3nach alebo na dodato\u010dn\u00fdch SSD \u00falo\u017eisk\u00e1ch). <\/p>\n

V XRAID s\u00fa mechanizmy kontroly parity RAID aplikovan\u00e9 iba na obsah s\u00faborov, zatia\u013e \u010do nadbyto\u010dnos\u0165 pre metad\u00e1ta je realizovan\u00e1 prostredn\u00edctvom u\u017e existuj\u00facich ovl\u00e1da\u010dov v jadre Linux, napr\u00edklad cez zrkadlenie pomocou MD RAID, \u010do je efekt\u00edvnej\u0161ie pre mal\u00e9 objekty, ktor\u00e9 sa aktualizuj\u00fa na mieste. Realiz\u00e1cia RAID je integrovan\u00e1 do XFS pred spracovate\u013emi z\u00f3novan\u00e9ho vstupu\/v\u00fdstupu, ktor\u00e9 predstavuj\u00fa fyzick\u00e9 z\u00f3ny podlo\u017en\u00fdch \u00falo\u017e\u00edsk vo forme logick\u00fdch z\u00f3n, podobne ako viacvrstvov\u00e9 blokov\u00e9 zariadenie.<\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1ca na XRAID prebieha u\u017e jeden a pol roka, a hoci implement\u00e1cia zatia\u013e nie je pripraven\u00e1 na integr\u00e1ciu do hlavn\u00e9ho jadra, je u\u017e vhodn\u00e1 na testovanie \u0161irok\u00fdm publikom. V navrhnutej implement\u00e1cii je podporovan\u00e9 od 0 do 2 \u00farovn\u00ed paritnej kontroly (k\u00f3d na podporu 3 a viacer\u00fdch \u00farovn\u00ed je v pr\u00edprave). Na spr\u00e1vu XRAID bola do n\u00e1stroja xfsprogs pridan\u00e1 nov\u00e1 utilita «xraid» a implementovan\u00e1 podpora XRAID v mkfs. Okrem toho boli do utilitky na inspekciu z\u00f3novan\u00fdch \u00falo\u017en\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed Zonar pridan\u00e9 funkcie na vizualiz\u00e1ciu mapovania logick\u00fdch z\u00f3n na fyzick\u00e9 z\u00f3ny.<\/p>\n

Boli zverejnen\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky testovania v\u00fdkonu XRAID v porovnan\u00ed s mdraid a btrfs, vykonan\u00e9ho pre XRAID pole v konfigur\u00e1cii z dvoch SSD diskov WD DC-SN650 pre metad\u00e1ta (zrkadlo na b\u00e1ze mdraid), \u0161iestich be\u017en\u00fdch SATA pevn\u00fdch diskov WD DC-HC590 26 TB a 6-21 z\u00f3novan\u00fdch diskov WD DC-HC690 30 TB (SMR).<\/p>\n

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Tie\u017e bolo vykonan\u00e9 testovanie XRAID na be\u017en\u00fdch nez\u00f3novan\u00fdch SSD diskoch v konfigur\u00e1cii s jedn\u00fdm 4 TiB Samsung PM9D3a pre metad\u00e1ta a piatimi 4 TiB Samsung PM9D3a pre RAID (4 + 1).<\/p>\n

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Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0444 \u0425\u0435\u043b\u0432\u0438\u0433 (Christoph Hellwig), \u043c\u044d\u0439\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c DMA, KVM, Slab Allocator \u0438 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b PowerPC \u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0435 Linux, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a XRAID, \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e RAID \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0447\u0451\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 XFS. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d \u0441 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c\u044e \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f RAID \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0445 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438 SMR (Shingled Magnetic Recording), \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":10,"featured_media":184272,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-184270","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Predstaven\u00fd XRAID s implement\u00e1ciou RAID pre XFS | ProHoster","description":"Christoph Hellwig, maintainer subsyst\u00e9mu DMA, KVM, Slab Allocator a architekt\u00fary PowerPC v jadre Linux, predstavil prv\u00e9 verejn\u00e9 vydanie XRAID, implement\u00e1cie deklasterizovan\u00e9ho RAID s 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\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c DMA, KVM, Slab Allocator \u0438 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b PowerPC \u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0435 Linux, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a XRAID, \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e RAID \u0441 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