{"id":29807,"date":"2019-10-31T21:32:08","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:32:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/peremeshheniya-skvoz-prostranstvo-i-vremya\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:32:08","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:32:08","slug":"peremeshheniya-skvoz-prostranstvo-i-vremya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/peremeshheniya-skvoz-prostranstvo-i-vremya","title":{"rendered":"Presuny cez priestor a \u010das","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\u010cloveka v\u017edy poh\u00e1\u0148a t\u00fa\u017eba po nezn\u00e1mom, dokonca m\u00e1 \u0161peci\u00e1lny neuromedi\u00e1tor \u2013 dopam\u00edn, ktor\u00fd je chemick\u00fdm motiv\u00e1torom na z\u00edskavanie inform\u00e1ci\u00ed. Mozgu neust\u00e1le potrebuje pr\u00fad nov\u00fdch d\u00e1t, a aj ke\u010f tieto \u00fadaje nie s\u00fa potrebn\u00e9 na pre\u017eitie, tak sa to jednoducho stalo, \u017ee mechanizmus existuje a je hriech ho nevyu\u017ei\u0165. <\/p>\n

V nasleduj\u00facom \u010dl\u00e1nku by som chcel zosumarizova\u0165 vedecko-fikt\u00edvne sp\u00f4soby pohybu k vzdialen\u00fdm hviezdam a galaxi\u00e1m, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa aktu\u00e1lne dostupn\u00e9 v r\u00e1mci vedeck\u00fdch te\u00f3ri\u00ed a hypot\u00e9z. <\/p>\n

\"Presuny
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Pred tv\u00e1rou vesm\u00edru sa v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina \u013eudsk\u00fdch z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed zd\u00e1 nepatrn\u00fdch, ba dokonca bezv\u00fdznamn\u00fdch. Carl Sagan, 1980.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00fd \u010dlovek aspo\u0148 raz v \u017eivote zdvihol hlavu nahor, tepl\u00fdm letn\u00fdm ve\u010derom a pozoroval hviezdy. H\u013abka vesm\u00edru pri\u0165ahuje a vyvol\u00e1va \u00factu, niekoho, op\u00e4\u0165, len na chv\u00ed\u013eu, in\u00e9ho na cel\u00fd \u017eivot.<\/p>\n

\u010co tam vlastne je? Je tam \u017eivot? A ak\u00e9 z\u00e1zraky m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 na t\u00fdch bezpo\u010dtoch svetoch?
\n<\/h4>\n

\nSamozrejme, jedin\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom, ako sa tam dosta\u0165 a zisti\u0165, je presun\u00fa\u0165 sa cez priestor-\u010das k t\u00fdmto vzdialen\u00fdm hviezdam, plan\u00e9tam, hmlovin\u00e1m a dokonca \u2013 GAL\u00c1XII.<\/p>\n

Ale bohu\u017eia\u013e a ach \u2013 \u010das nie je na to. Jedin\u00e1 vec, kam na\u0161e technol\u00f3gie pohybu dosiahli, je len k\u00fasok za hranice slne\u010dnej s\u00fastavy, a to v\u010faka automatick\u00fdm sond\u00e1m projektu \"Voyager\", z ktor\u00fdch Voyager 1<\/a><\/noindex> bola vypusten\u00e1 v roku 1977!<\/p>\n

\"Presuny
\n
\nAle aby sme sa naozaj mohli bavi\u0165 o in\u00fdch svetoch, potrebujeme r\u00fdchlos\u0165 minim\u00e1lne rovnak\u00fa ako r\u00fdchlos\u0165 svetla a ide\u00e1lne \u2013 nadsveteln\u00fa.<\/p>\n

\u010co br\u00e1ni?<\/p>\n

Tu je to jednoduch\u00e9 \u2013 s\u00fa to len z\u00e1kony fyziky, pri\u010dom fundament\u00e1lne.<\/b><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1kon kauzality<\/h3>\n

\nPodstatou je, \u017ee n\u00e1sledok nem\u00f4\u017ee predbehn\u00fa\u0165 pr\u00ed\u010dinu. Nikto nikdy nepozoroval, \u017ee by sa napr\u00edklad najprv m\u0155tva ka\u010dka zr\u00fatila a potom by po\u013eovn\u00edk vystrelil. Pri r\u00fdchlostiach, ktor\u00e9 presahuj\u00fa C, sa sekvencia udalost\u00ed st\u00e1va opa\u010dnou, p\u00e1smo \u010dasu sa odv\u00edja sp\u00e4\u0165. To sa d\u00e1 \u013eahko overi\u0165 z nasleduj\u00faceho jednoduch\u00e9ho uva\u017eovania.<\/p>\n

Predpokladajme, \u017ee sme na nejakom vesm\u00edrnom lodi, ktor\u00e1 sa pohybuje r\u00fdchlej\u0161ie ako svetlo. Potom by sme pomaly dobiehali svetlo emitovan\u00e9 zdrojom v \u010doraz skor\u0161\u00edch \u010dasov\u00fdch momentoch. Najprv by sme dobehli fot\u00f3ny emitovan\u00e9, povedzme, v\u010dera, potom - emitovan\u00e9 predv\u010derom, potom - pred t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148om, mesiacom, rokom a tak \u010falej. Keby bol zdroj svetla zrkadlom, ktor\u00e9 odr\u00e1\u017ea \u017eivot, najprv by sme videli udalosti v\u010deraj\u0161ieho d\u0148a, potom predv\u010deraj\u0161ie a tak \u010falej. Mohli by sme vidie\u0165, povedzme, starca, ktor\u00fd sa postupne men\u00ed na stredn\u00e9ho veku \u010dloveka, potom na mlad\u00e9ho, na t\u00edned\u017eera, na die\u0165a... To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee \u010das by sa oto\u010dil sp\u00e4\u0165, pohybovali by sme sa z pr\u00edtomnosti do minulosti. Pr\u00ed\u010diny a n\u00e1sledky by sa t\u00fdm p\u00e1dom obr\u00e1tili.<\/i><\/p>\n

Obmedzenia star\u00e9ho Alberta<\/h3>\n

\n(\u0160peci\u00e1lna te\u00f3ria relativity)<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Okrem probl\u00e9mu pr\u00ed\u010dinnosti pr\u00edroda stanovila e\u0161te pr\u00edsnej\u0161ie podmienky: nedosiahite\u013en\u00fd je pohyb nielen nadsvetelnou r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou, ale aj r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou, ktor\u00e1 sa rovn\u00e1 r\u00fdchlosti svetla - k nej sa d\u00e1 iba pribli\u017eova\u0165<\/b>. Z te\u00f3rie relativity vypl\u00fdva, \u017ee pri zvy\u0161ovan\u00ed r\u00fdchlosti<\/b> pohybuj\u00faceho sa objektu nast\u00e1vaj\u00fa tri okolnosti: zv aumentando: hmotnos\u0165<\/b> pohybuj\u00faceho sa objektu sa zvy\u0161uje, jeho ve\u013ekos\u0165 v smere pohybu sa zmen\u0161uje a plynutie \u010dasu<\/b> na tomto objekte (z poh\u013eadu vonkaj\u0161ieho 'stacion\u00e1rneho' pozorovate\u013ea) sa spoma\u013euje. Pri be\u017en\u00fdch r\u00fdchlostiach s\u00fa tieto zmeny zanedbate\u013en\u00e9, ale s pribl\u00ed\u017een\u00edm k r\u00fdchlosti svetla sa st\u00e1vaj\u00fa \u010doraz v\u00fdraznej\u0161\u00edmi, a v limite - pri r\u00fdchlosti rovnaj\u00facej sa C - hmotnos\u0165 sa st\u00e1va nekone\u010dne ve\u013ekou<\/b>, objekt \u00faplne str\u00e1ca ve\u013ekos\u0165 v smere pohybu a \u010das<\/b> na \u0148om sa zastavuje.<\/b>Preto \u017eiadne hmotn\u00e9 telo nem\u00f4\u017ee dosiahnu\u0165 r\u00fdchlos\u0165 svetla. Tak\u00e1 r\u00fdchlos\u0165 patr\u00ed len samotn\u00e9mu svetlu! (A tie\u017e 'v\u0161epenetr\u00e1vaj\u00facej' \u010dastici - neutr\u00ednu, ktor\u00e1, podobne ako fot\u00f3n, nem\u00f4\u017ee pohybova\u0165 sa r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou ni\u017e\u0161ou ako C.<\/p>\n

V\u0161eobecne, okrem toho, \u010do je op\u00edsan\u00e9 vy\u0161\u0161ie, je mnoho probl\u00e9mov, napr\u00edklad, pri r\u00fdchlosti bl\u00edzkej svetlu, pri zr\u00e1\u017eke objektu s hmotnos\u0165ou 1 kg s zrnkom piesku sa uvo\u013en\u00ed tak\u00e9 mno\u017estvo energie, ktor\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uje premeni\u0165 10 tis\u00edc ton ocele na paru za 1 sekundu. Ak to porovn\u00e1me s re\u00e1lnou hmotnos\u0165ou hviezdneho lode, sila v\u00fdbuchu bude rovn\u00e1 alebo presahova\u0165 silu jadrov\u00fdch procesov prebiehaj\u00facich na Slnku.<\/i><\/p>\n

M\u00fadry necestuje do hory, m\u00fadry ob\u00edde horu, ve\u010f z\u00e1kony s\u00fa, aby sa poru\u0161ovali... \u017dartujem, z\u00e1kony nem\u00f4\u017eete poru\u0161i\u0165, ale vedeck\u00e1 fantastika (a pr\u00edbuzn\u00e9 oblasti) n\u00e1m pon\u00fakaj\u00fa sp\u00f4soby, ako sa pres\u00fava\u0165 a obch\u00e1dza\u0165 princ\u00edpy SRT.<\/p>\n

\"Presuny
\n<\/p>\n

Sp\u00f4soby nadsveteln\u00fdch presunov v priestore-\u010dase<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

Einstein-Rosenove mosty<\/h4>\n

\nEinstein-Rosenove mosty<\/a><\/noindex>, zn\u00e1me tie\u017e ako \u010dervoto\u010diny alebo kr\u00e1li\u010die diery, s\u00fa pravdepodobne najzn\u00e1mej\u0161\u00edmi prostriedkami na intergalaktick\u00e9 cesty \u2014 a pravdepodobne aj skuto\u010dne existuj\u00fa. V\u0161eobecn\u00e1 te\u00f3ria relativity Alberta Einsteina predpovedala existenciu \u010dervoto\u010d\u00edn, hoci ich zatia\u013e nebolo mo\u017en\u00e9 objavi\u0165.<\/p>\n

Ak to povieme jednoduch\u00fdm jazykom, most Einstein-Rosen je tunel v priestore, vytvoren\u00fd deform\u00e1ciou priestoru-\u010dasu. Hmotn\u00e9 objekty, ako s\u00fa hviezdy alebo \u010dierne diery, oh\u00fdbaj\u00fa \u010das a priestor, ako by gu\u013ea na bowlingovom dr\u00e1he oh\u00fdbala trampol\u00ednu. Dos\u0165 hmotn\u00fd objekt m\u00f4\u017ee ohn\u00fa\u0165 priestor-\u010das tak, \u017ee vytvor\u00ed spojenie medzi dvoma, dostato\u010dne vzdialen\u00fdmi bodmi v norm\u00e1lnom stave.<\/p>\n

Predstavte si kus papiera a dva body na \u0148om. Mus\u00edte sa dosta\u0165 z jedn\u00e9ho bodu do druh\u00e9ho, a ak sa budete pohybova\u0165 striktne po povrchu papiera, t\u00e1to \"cesta\" zabere nejak\u00fd \u010das. Av\u0161ak, ak papiere prelo\u017e\u00edte tak, aby sa body zhodovali, a preniknete do neho ceruzkou, vyu\u017eij\u00fac ceruzku ako tunel (alebo most), v\u00fdznamne skr\u00e1ti\u0165 vzdialenos\u0165 medzi bodmi.<\/p>\n

\"Presuny
\n
\nVstup do \u010dervoto\u010diny sa \u010dasto predstavuje ako vstup do tunelu, \u010do m\u00e1 zmysel vzh\u013eadom k n\u00e1zvu. Ale to je myln\u00e9 predstavenie. Vo filme \u201eInterstellar\u201c je tento moment zobrazen\u00fd spr\u00e1vne \u2014 z poh\u013eadu pozorovate\u013ea v trojrozmernom priestore by \u010dervoto\u010dina mala vyzera\u0165 ako gu\u013ea.<\/p>\n

\u010cervoto\u010diny s\u00fa l\u00e1kav\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom, ako uskuto\u010d\u0148ova\u0165 medzi-hviezdne presuny, preto\u017ee nevy\u017eaduj\u00fa, aby ste prekro\u010dili r\u00fdchlos\u0165 svetla. Fyzika n\u00e1m hovor\u00ed, \u017ee ni\u010d nem\u00f4\u017ee cestova\u0165 r\u00fdchlej\u0161ie ne\u017e svetlo. No s \u010dervoto\u010dinami m\u00f4\u017eete prekon\u00e1va\u0165 obrovsk\u00e9 medzi-hviezdne vzdialenosti bez poru\u0161enia tohto z\u00e1kona.<\/p>\n

\"Presuny
\n<\/p>\n

Warp motor<\/h3>\n

\nWarp, technol\u00f3gia FTL, ktor\u00e1 v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti m\u00e1 re\u00e1lne \u0161ance<\/a><\/noindex> by\u0165 zrealizovan\u00fd. Warp m\u00f4\u017eeme bez ob\u00e1v nazva\u0165 najrealistickej\u0161\u00edm sp\u00f4sobom pohybu nad r\u00fdchlos\u0165 svetla zo v\u0161etk\u00fdch zn\u00e1mych. Nech zatia\u013e zost\u00e1va iba vo forme vzorcov na papieri. Hovor\u00ed sa o motoru Alcubierre<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

\"Presuny
\n
\nPrinc\u00edp \u010dinnosti vypl\u00fdva z obch\u00e1dzania \u0160peci\u00e1lnej te\u00f3rie relativity, postuluje, \u017ee ni\u010d v priestore sa nem\u00f4\u017ee pohybova\u0165 r\u00fdchlej\u0161ie ako svetlo. \"Cesti\u010dka\" spo\u010d\u00edva v tom, \u017ee tento postul\u00e1t sa nevz\u0165ahuje na samotn\u00fd priestor, ktor\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 zmr\u0161ten\u00fd a roztiahnut\u00fd r\u00f4znymi vplyvmi, ako napr\u00edklad gravita\u010dn\u00e9 pole. Warp motor zmr\u0161\u0165uje priestor pred lo\u010fou a roz\u0161iruje ho za lo\u010fou, pri\u010dom pos\u00fava bublinu norm\u00e1lneho priestoru spolu s lo\u010fou dopredu.<\/p>\n

Vo vesm\u00edre Star Trek sa tak\u00e9 motory rozv\u00edjaj\u00fa na pomerne skromn\u00e9 r\u00fdchlosti pod\u013ea \u0161tandardov vedeckej fantastiky - putovania Enterprise boli obmedzen\u00e9 na jeden sektor galaxie v bl\u00edzkosti Slne\u010dnej s\u00fastavy (~1500 sveteln\u00fdch rokov), trvali roky a zanechali mno\u017estvo bielych miest a nepresk\u00faman\u00fdch oblast\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"Presuny
\n<\/p>\n

hyperpriestor<\/h2>\n

\nPredned\u00e1vnom sa objavili podrobn\u00e9 experiment\u00e1lne \u00fadaje<\/a><\/noindex> d\u00e1ta z kozmick\u00e9ho apar\u00e1tu WMAP o nehomogenit\u00e1ch teploty reliktn\u00e9ho \u017eiarenia, ktor\u00e9 je jedn\u00fdm z hlavn\u00fdch predmetov pozorovania pri \u0161t\u00fadiu na\u0161ej univerza. Pri anal\u00fdze t\u00fdchto \u00fadajov bola objaven\u00e1 ve\u013ek\u00e1 anom\u00e1lia uhlov\u00e9ho rozdelenia fluktu\u00e1ci\u00ed reliktn\u00e9ho \u017eiarenia na n\u00edzkych harmonik\u00e1ch. Jedn\u00fdm z vysvetlen\u00ed tohto javu bola te\u00f3ria, \u017ee topol\u00f3gia na\u0161ich vesm\u00edru sa l\u00ed\u0161i od trojrozmernej plochy alebo gule. Pri zva\u017eovan\u00ed topol\u00f3gie na\u0161ej vesm\u00edru vo forme dodeka\u00e9tra sa teoretick\u00e9 v\u00fdpo\u010dty bl\u00ed\u017eia k experiment\u00e1lnym \u00fadajom.<\/p>\n

\u201ePlosk\u00e9 topologicky zlo\u017eit\u00fa trojrozmern\u00fa Vesm\u00edrnu \u0161trukt\u00faru je mo\u017en\u00e9 postavi\u0165 iba na z\u00e1klade kociek, hranolov a \u0161es\u0165uholn\u00edkov\u00fdch priziem. V pr\u00edpade zakriven\u00e9ho priestoru m\u00e1 tak\u00fdmi vlastnos\u0165ami \u0161ir\u0161iu triedu foriem. Pri tom najlep\u0161ie z\u00edskan\u00e9 v experimente WMAP uhlov\u00e9 spektr\u00e1 s\u00fa v s\u00falade s modelom Vesm\u00edru, ktor\u00fd m\u00e1 tvar dodeka\u00e9tra.\u201c Michail Prochorov, doktor fyzik\u00e1lnych a matematick\u00fdch vied, popredn\u00fd vedeck\u00fd pracovn\u00edk oddelenia relativistickej astrofyziky \u0160t\u00e1tneho astron\u00f3mick\u00e9ho in\u0161tit\u00fatu menom \u0160ternberg.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

T\u00fdm p\u00e1dom je existencia hypersvetu Vesm\u00edru, v ktorom sa nach\u00e1dza n\u00e1\u0161 obmedzen\u00fd vesm\u00edr, indikovan\u00e1 te\u00f3riami, zalo\u017een\u00fdmi na praktick\u00fdch \u00fadajoch o reliktovom \u017eiaren\u00ed. Av\u0161ak aj ke\u010f hypersvet existuje, na to, aby ste sa mohli pohybova\u0165 v tomto priestore, potrebujete nejak\u00fd \u0161peci\u00e1lny motor.<\/p>\n

Predstavte si, \u017ee pred vami je dolina a potrebujete sa dosta\u0165 na bod za dolinou. Ke\u010f\u017ee sa m\u00f4\u017eete pohybova\u0165 iba po ploche (v 2-dimenzion\u00e1lnom priestore), budete musie\u0165 bu\u010f ob\u00eds\u0165 prek\u00e1\u017eku, alebo zost\u00fapi\u0165 do doliny, prejs\u0165 \u0148ou a potom vyst\u00fapi\u0165. Ale ak m\u00e1te k dispoz\u00edcii lietadlo, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017ee lieta\u0165 v 3-dimenzion\u00e1lnom priestore, dostanete sa tam, kam potrebujete, priamkou.<\/i><\/p>\n

V podstate m\u00e1 hypersvet odli\u0161n\u00fa metriku od be\u017en\u00e9ho 3-dimenzion\u00e1lneho priestoru a pohyb v \u0148om sa podob\u00e1 pohybu v \u010dervenej dierke, len tunely m\u00f4\u017eu sp\u00e1ja\u0165 nie jednu, ale viacero bodov, pri\u010dom vy\u00fas\u0165uj\u00fa do be\u017en\u00e9ho 3-dimenzion\u00e1lneho priestoru. Viac ne\u017e toho, samotn\u00e9 pohybovanie sa v hypersvete bude vizu\u00e1lne odli\u0161n\u00e9 od pohybu v \u010dervenej diere (na rozdiel od be\u017ene roz\u0161\u00edren\u00fdch ilustr\u00e1ci\u00ed), preto\u017ee trojrozmern\u00e1 \u0161trukt\u00fara vesm\u00edru bude \u201eobalova\u0165\u201c cestuj\u00faceho vn\u00fatri hyperspaceovej cesty. Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee ak je to mo\u017en\u00e9, tak z\u00e1\u017eitok je skuto\u010dne ohromuj\u00faci \u2014 vidite\u013en\u00e9 hviezdy, hmloviny alebo cel\u00e9 galaktick\u00e9 klastre \u2014 sa pomaly rozliehaj\u00fa a natiahnu, meniac farby v priebehu posunu do kozmosovej \u010dervenej z\u00f3ny (?)<\/p>\n

Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee ideu hyperpriestorov\u00e9ho presunu \u00faspe\u0161ne zaran\u017eovali vo filme \u201eKontakt\u201c z roku 1997 (pod\u013ea rom\u00e1nu Carla Sagana, film z\u00edskal ocenenie Hugo a 2. miesto v zozname najpresnej\u0161\u00edch sci-fi filmov pod\u013ea NASA). V \u0148om zariadenie, ktor\u00e9ho v\u00fdkresy boli prijat\u00e9 sign\u00e1lom od mimozemskej civiliz\u00e1cie, ktor\u00fa zachytila hrdinka filmu, vytv\u00e1ralo manipul\u00e1cie s exotickou energiou a n\u00e1sledne \"prehadzovalo\" kab\u00ednu s \u010dlovekom cez vn\u00fatorn\u00e9 priestory sf\u00e9ry. Zjavne, kab\u00edna klesala do hyperpriestoru, do u\u017e vytvoren\u00e9ho \"tune\u013ea\". Uk\u00e1zalo sa, \u017ee t\u00fdchto tunelov je po celej galaxii nespo\u010detn\u00e9 mno\u017estvo a v\u0161etky ich vytvorila ove\u013ea star\u0161ia civiliz\u00e1cia. No, to s\u00fa slov\u00e1 z\u00e1stupcu rasy, ktorej sign\u00e1l zachytila hrdinka filmu. Tak\u00e9 s\u00fa veci, priatelia. Osobne m\u00e1m tento film v top v\u00fdbere. Ale ako ukazuje prax, nie ka\u017ed\u00e9mu sa p\u00e1\u010di.<\/i><\/p>\n

\"Presuny
\n<\/p>\n

Nehmotn\u00e9 teleportovanie<\/h3>\n

\nVieme, \u017ee najroz\u0161\u00edrenej\u0161ie vysvetlenie teleport\u00e1cie je okam\u017eit\u00e9 presunutie hmotn\u00e9ho objektu v priestore na \u013eubovo\u013en\u00fa vzdialenos\u0165.
\nV tomto kontexte je mo\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017ei\u0165 aj \u010derviu dieru, ale o tom sme u\u017e hovorili, tak\u017ee sa zamerajme na z\u00e1sadne odli\u0161n\u00fa cestu.<\/p>\n

Zauj\u00edma n\u00e1s teleportovanie inform\u00e1cie o l\u00e1tke, a\u017e po kvantov\u00fd sn\u00edmok, stavu.<\/p>\n

Proces vyzer\u00e1 pribli\u017ene takto: Va\u0161e telo umiestnia do zariadenia na bode A, ktor\u00e9 V\u00e1s skenuje a\u017e po subatomov\u00e9 \u010dastice a ich kvantov\u00fd stav, a potom digitalizuje Va\u0161u k\u00f3piu. N\u00e1sledne sa kvantov\u00fd stav pren\u00e1\u0161a jedn\u00fdm pr\u00fadom cez \u0161tandardn\u00e9 komunika\u010dn\u00e9 kan\u00e1ly. Ale tu je probl\u00e9m \u2013 je to z\u00e1kaz nadsvetlov\u00e9ho prenosu d\u00e1t, pod\u013ea SRT, na druhej strane, ak vedeck\u00e9 d\u00f4kazy preuk\u00e1\u017eu existenciu hypotetick\u00fdch \u010dast\u00edc so z\u00e1pornou alebo imagin\u00e1rnou pokojovou hmotnos\u0165ou, ako s\u00fa tachyony, inform\u00e1ciu o objekte by bolo mo\u017en\u00e9 prenies\u0165 nadsvetlovou r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou. Mo\u017eno dokonca aj za pomoci gravita\u010dn\u00fdch v\u013an (?). Po tomto, na bode B sa \u010dlovek rekon\u0161truuje na kvantovej \u00farovni a voil\u00e0 \u2013 u\u017e je na mieste ur\u010denia. \u00davahy o \"du\u0161i\", zni\u010denej v zariaden\u00ed A, vynech\u00e1vam, preto\u017ee som ateista a nezoh\u013ead\u0148ujem to (prep\u00e1\u010dte).<\/p>\n

Tento sp\u00f4sob je dobr\u00fd t\u00fdm, \u017ee na kvantov\u00fa teleport\u00e1ciu materi\u00e1lneho objektu nie je potrebn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 zakrivenie \u010dasu a priestoru a vynaklada\u0165 obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estvo energie. Probl\u00e9m je samozrejme v po\u010diato\u010dnej dod\u00e1vke samotnej in\u0161tal\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e1 bude reprodukova\u0165 objekt na mieste B. Ale je mo\u017en\u00e9 ju doda\u0165 aj dlh\u0161\u00edmi sp\u00f4sobmi, ktor\u00e9 nie s\u00fa obmedzen\u00e9 jednou alebo viacer\u00fdmi \u013eudsk\u00fdmi \u017eivotmi.<\/p>\n

\"Presuny
\n<\/p>\n

Resetovanie hmotnosti<\/h2>\n

\nV\u0161etky kozmick\u00e9 lode vo vesm\u00edre Mass Effect nejako pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa Nulov\u00fd prvok, ktor\u00fd generuje ozna\u010den\u00fd Efekt hmotnosti, bu\u010f zni\u017eovan\u00edm hmotnosti objektov okolo neho, alebo jej zvy\u0161ovan\u00edm. T\u00fdmto sp\u00f4sobom sa podar\u00ed pooto\u010di\u0165 Te\u00f3riou relativity a prekona\u0165 r\u00fdchlos\u0165 svetla.<\/p>\n

Be\u017en\u00e9 cesty medzi plan\u00e9tami a bl\u00edzko polo\u017een\u00fdmi hviezdami sa uskuto\u010d\u0148uj\u00fa pomocou FTL motorov, schopn\u00fdch len zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 hmotnos\u0165 lode. Na medzi-hviezdne lety na dlh\u00e9 vzdialenosti sa pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa Hmotov\u00e9 rel\u00e9 \u2014 obrovsk\u00e9 stanice postaven\u00e9 okolo hust\u00fdch jadier pozost\u00e1vaj\u00facich z nulov\u00e9ho prvku. Rel\u00e9 s\u00fa obvykle prepojen\u00e9 s jedn\u00fdm alebo viacer\u00fdmi in\u00fdmi rel\u00e9 a s\u00fa schopn\u00e9 vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 koridor, v ktorom hmotnos\u0165 fakticky zmizne, prakticky okam\u017eite pres\u00favaj\u00fac lo\u010f na tis\u00edcky sveteln\u00fdch rokov.<\/p>\n

\"Presuny
\n<\/p>\n

Uzavret\u00e9 \u010dasovo podobn\u00e9 krivky<\/h3>\n

\nPosledn\u00e1 forma nadsvetlov\u00e9ho pohybu, ktor\u00fa presk\u00famame, sa na prv\u00fd poh\u013ead zd\u00e1 najmenej vedeck\u00e1. <\/p>\n

Po\u010das 55 rokov seri\u00e1l 'Doctor Who' rozpr\u00e1val o dobrodru\u017estv\u00e1ch vo vzdu\u0161nom a \u010dasovom priestore Doktora a jeho\/jej \u013eudsk\u00fdch spolo\u010dn\u00edkov. Ak\u00fdmi prostriedkami sa pohybovali? Ve\u013ek\u00e1 modr\u00e1 b\u00fadka zn\u00e1ma ako TARDIS (angl. TARDIS \u2014 Time and Relative Dimension in Space), ktor\u00e1 ich m\u00f4\u017ee prenies\u0165 na ak\u00e9ko\u013evek miesto a do ak\u00e9hoko\u013evek \u010dasu, ktor\u00fd si len praj\u00fa.<\/p>\n

TARDIS-y, postaven\u00e9 (alebo sk\u00f4r vypestovan\u00e9) prastar\u00e1 rasou 'P\u00e1ni \u010dasu', s\u00fa magickej\u0161ie ako technol\u00f3gia 'Mass Effect'. Ako s\u00e1m Doktor vysvetlil, jeho dopravn\u00fd prostriedok je 'pobabran\u00e1 \u010dasov\u00e1 \u0161matka'. Zd\u00e1 sa, \u017ee pri pohybe v TARDIS-e je ur\u010dit\u00e1 latencia \u2014 teda je bli\u017e\u0161ie k hypermotoru ne\u017e k teleport\u00e9ru. Ale v podstate TARDIS zmizne tu, prelet\u00ed cez '\u010dasov\u00fd v\u00edr' a objav\u00ed sa tam. To je v\u0161etko, \u010do potrebujete vedie\u0165.<\/p>\n

\"Presuny
\n
\nAlebo nie? Ukazuje sa, \u017ee TARDIS m\u00e1 dokonca viac teoretick\u00e9ho z\u00e1kladu ako hyperpriestor.<\/p>\n

V roku 2013 fyzici Benjamin K. Tippett a David Tsang publikovali dokument navrhuj\u00faci teoretick\u00e9 z\u00e1klady pre vytvorenie skuto\u010dn\u00fdch strojov \u010dasu, teda sp\u00f4sobu, ako cestova\u0165 do vlastnej minulosti. \u010cl\u00e1nok sa volal \u201eTraversable Achronal Retrograde Domains In Spacetime\u201c<\/i> (pozrite si skratku).<\/p>\n

Tippett a Tsang opisuj\u00fa cestovate\u013ea v \u010dase nach\u00e1dzaj\u00faceho sa v bubline priestoru- \u010dasu, ktor\u00fd vstupuje do uzavretej \u010dasovej krivky<\/a><\/noindex> (v podstate rovnak\u00e1 ako most Einstein-Rosen). V r\u00e1mci tejto krivky m\u00f4\u017ee cestovate\u013e \u00eds\u0165 kdeko\u013evek na svojej vlastnej \u010dasovej osi, zatia\u013e \u010do vn\u00fatri bubliny \u010das plynie akoby norm\u00e1lne.<\/p>\n

Dvaja fyzici dokonca predpokladali, \u017ee \u010dasov\u00e9 krivky m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 rozdelen\u00e9 a spojen\u00e9, \u010d\u00edm sa otv\u00e1ra mo\u017enos\u0165 cestova\u0165 nie len po vlastnej \u010dasovej osi, ale aj kdeko\u013evek v \u010dase a priestore.<\/p>\n

Tak\u017ee to je asi v\u0161etko, \u010do som v\u00e1m mohol pon\u00faknu\u0165.<\/p>\n

Ur\u010dite som nie\u010do preme\u0161kal alebo dokonca prehnal do oblasti fantasy. Tak\u017ee \u010dak\u00e1m na va\u0161e n\u00e1zory v koment\u00e1roch.<\/p>\n

Zdroj: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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