{"id":29861,"date":"2019-10-31T21:32:23","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:32:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/dlp-sistema-devicelock-8-2-dyryavyj-shtaketnik-na-strazhe-vashej-bezopasnosti\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:32:23","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:32:23","slug":"dlp-sistema-devicelock-8-2-dyryavyj-shtaketnik-na-strazhe-vashej-bezopasnosti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/dlp-sistema-devicelock-8-2-dyryavyj-shtaketnik-na-strazhe-vashej-bezopasnosti","title":{"rendered":"DLP syst\u00e9m DeviceLock 8.2 \u2014 \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd str\u00e1\u017eca va\u0161ej bezpe\u010dnosti","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

V okt\u00f3bri 2017 som sa z\u00fa\u010dastnil reklamn\u00e9ho semin\u00e1ra DLP syst\u00e9mu DeviceLock, kde okrem z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch funkci\u00ed na ochranu proti \u00fanikom, ako je blokovanie USB portov, kontextov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza e-mailov a schr\u00e1nky, bola propagovan\u00e1 aj ochrana pred administr\u00e1torom. Model je jednoduch\u00fd a preh\u013eadn\u00fd \u2014 do malej firmy pr\u00edde in\u0161tal\u00e1tor, nain\u0161taluje softv\u00e9rov\u00fd bal\u00edk, uzamkne BIOS, vytvor\u00ed administr\u00e1torsky \u00fa\u010det DeviceLock a miestnemu adminovi ponech\u00e1 len pr\u00e1va na spr\u00e1vu samotn\u00e9ho Windowsu a ostatn\u00e9ho softv\u00e9ru. Aj v pr\u00edpade zl\u00e9ho \u00famyslu tento administr\u00e1tor ni\u010d ukradn\u00fa\u0165 nem\u00f4\u017ee. Ale to je v\u0161etko te\u00f3ria\u2026
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\n Ke\u010f\u017ee za viac ako 20 rokov pr\u00e1ce v oblasti v\u00fdvoja prostriedkov na ochranu inform\u00e1ci\u00ed som sa jasne presved\u010dil, \u017ee administr\u00e1tor m\u00f4\u017ee spravi\u0165 v\u0161etko, najm\u00e4 pokia\u013e m\u00e1 fyzick\u00fd pr\u00edstup k po\u010d\u00edta\u010du, jedin\u00e9, \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee sl\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 ako hlavn\u00e1 ochrana proti nemu, s\u00fa organiza\u010dn\u00e9 opatrenia, ako je pr\u00edsna evidencia a fyzick\u00e1 ochrana po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov, ktor\u00e9 obsahuj\u00fa d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie, okam\u017eite ma napadlo otestova\u0165 odolnos\u0165 odpor\u00fa\u010dan\u00e9ho produktu.<\/p>\n

Pok\u00fas o realiz\u00e1ciu hne\u010f po skon\u010den\u00ed semin\u00e1ra zlyhal, v z\u00e1sade bola implementovan\u00e1 ochrana pred odstr\u00e1nen\u00edm hlavnej slu\u017eby DlService.exe a zabudli sme aj na pr\u00edstupov\u00e9 pr\u00e1va a v\u00fdber poslednej \u00faspe\u0161nej konfigur\u00e1cie, v d\u00f4sledku \u010doho nebolo mo\u017en\u00e9 ju odstr\u00e1ni\u0165, ako v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu v\u00edrusov, zak\u00e1zan\u00edm syst\u00e9mu pr\u00edstup k \u010d\u00edtaniu a vykon\u00e1vaniu. <\/p>\n

Na v\u0161etky ot\u00e1zky o ochrane pred zjavne existuj\u00facimi v produkte ovl\u00e1da\u010dmi z\u00e1stupca firmy Smart Line s d\u00f4verou vyhl\u00e1sil, \u017ee \u201ev\u0161etko zost\u00e1va na tej istej \u00farovni\u201c.<\/p>\n

O de\u0148 nesk\u00f4r som sa rozhodol pokra\u010dova\u0165 v sk\u00faman\u00ed, stiahol som sk\u00fa\u0161obn\u00fa verziu. Hne\u010f ma prekvapila ve\u013ekos\u0165 distribuovania, takmer 2 GB! Som zvyknut\u00fd, \u017ee syst\u00e9mov\u00fd softv\u00e9r, ktor\u00fd sa zvy\u010dajne pova\u017euje za prostriedky na ochranu inform\u00e1ci\u00ed (PZI), m\u00e1 obvykle ove\u013ea kompaktnej\u0161iu ve\u013ekos\u0165.<\/p>\n

Po in\u0161tal\u00e1cii som sa op\u00e4\u0165 prekvapil \u2014 ve\u013ekos\u0165 vy\u0161\u0161ie uveden\u00e9ho exe s\u00faboru je tie\u017e pomerne ve\u013ek\u00e1 \u2014 13 MB. Hne\u010f sa mi zdalo, \u017ee pri takejto ve\u013ekosti je tam za \u010do chyti\u0165. Sk\u00fa\u0161al som nahradi\u0165 modul pomocou oneskorenej z\u00e1pisu \u2014 uzavret\u00e9. Preh\u013eadal som adres\u00e1re programu a tam bolo dokopy 11 ovl\u00e1da\u010dov! Skontroloval som opr\u00e1vnenia \u2014 nie s\u00fa uzavret\u00e9 na zmenu! Nu\u017e dobre, v\u0161etk\u00fdm zak\u00e1\u017eime, re\u0161tartujeme!<\/p>\n

Efekt je jednoducho ohromuj\u00faci \u2014 v\u0161etky funkcie sa vypnuli, slu\u017eba sa nespustila. Ak\u00e1 samoochrana, vezmi si a kop\u00edruj, \u010do chce\u0161, \u010di u\u017e na USB k\u013e\u00fa\u010de alebo cez sie\u0165. Vyskytla sa prv\u00e1 v\u00e1\u017ena nev\u00fdhoda syst\u00e9mu \u2014 pr\u00edli\u0161 siln\u00e1 previazanost komponentov. \u00c1no, slu\u017eba by mala komunikova\u0165 s ovl\u00e1da\u010dmi, ale pre\u010do padn\u00fa\u0165, ak nikto neodpoved\u00e1? Napokon existuje len jedna met\u00f3da ob\u00eddenia ochrany.<\/p>\n

Ke\u010f som zistil, \u017ee z\u00e1zra\u010dn\u00e1 slu\u017eba je tak\u00e1 krehk\u00e1 a citliv\u00e1, rozhodol som sa overi\u0165 jej z\u00e1vislosti na extern\u00fdch kni\u017eniciach. Tu je to e\u0161te jednoduch\u0161ie, zoznam je ve\u013ek\u00fd, jednoducho n\u00e1hodne vyma\u017eeme kni\u017enicu WinSock_II a sledujeme podobn\u00fd obraz \u2014 slu\u017eba sa nespustila, syst\u00e9m je otvoren\u00fd.<\/p>\n

V d\u00f4sledku toho m\u00e1me to, \u010do op\u00edsal predn\u00e1\u0161aj\u00faci na semin\u00e1ri, siln\u00fd plot, ktor\u00fd v\u0161ak neobklopuje cel\u00fd chr\u00e1nen\u00fd perimetr kv\u00f4li nedostatku pe\u0148az\u00ed, a na nezaistenom \u00faseku je jednoducho tr\u0148ov\u00fd ker. V tomto pr\u00edpade, s oh\u013eadom na architekt\u00faru programov\u00e9ho produktu, ktor\u00e1 neprip\u00fa\u0161\u0165a uzavret\u00fa predvolen\u00fa prostredie, ale mno\u017estvo r\u00f4znych z\u00e1tok, zachyt\u00e1va\u010dov a analyz\u00e1torov prev\u00e1dzky, je to sk\u00f4r plot, pri\u010dom mnoh\u00e9 latky s\u00fa pripevnen\u00e9 samorezkami z vonku a ve\u013emi \u013eahko sa daj\u00fa odskrutkova\u0165. Probl\u00e9my v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iny podobn\u00fdch rie\u0161en\u00ed spo\u010d\u00edvaj\u00fa v tom, \u017ee pri takom obrovskom mno\u017estve potenci\u00e1lnych dier je v\u017edy pravdepodobnos\u0165 nie\u010do zabudn\u00fa\u0165, prehliadnu\u0165 previazanost alebo ovplyvni\u0165 stabilitu ne\u0161\u0165astn\u00fdm zrealizovan\u00edm niektor\u00e9ho z zachyt\u00e1va\u010dov. S\u00fadne pod\u013ea toho, \u017ee uveden\u00e9 v tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku zranite\u013enosti s\u00fa len na povrchu, produkt obsahuje e\u0161te mno\u017estvo \u010fal\u0161\u00edch, ktor\u00fdch h\u013eadanie trv\u00e1 o p\u00e1r hod\u00edn dlh\u0161ie.<\/p>\n

Na trhu je mno\u017estvo pr\u00edkladov kvalitnej realiz\u00e1cie ochrany pred vypnut\u00edm, napr\u00edklad dom\u00e1ce antiv\u00edrusov\u00e9 prostriedky, kde sa samoochranu tak \u013eahko ob\u00eds\u0165 ned\u00e1. Pokia\u013e viem, ne\u0161etrili n\u00e1mahou na certifik\u00e1ciu FSTEK.<\/p>\n

Po nieko\u013ek\u00fdch rozhovoroch so zamestnancami Smart Line bolo n\u00e1jden\u00fdch nieko\u013eko podobn\u00fdch miest, o ktor\u00fdch ani nepo\u010duli. Jeden z pr\u00edkladov \u2014 mechanizmus ArrInitDll.<\/p>\n

Nech je to nie najhlb\u0161ie, predsa len v mnoh\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch umo\u017e\u0148uje ob\u00eds\u0165 zasahovanie do jadra OS a neovplyv\u0148uje jej stabilitu. Ovl\u00e1da\u010de nVidia naplno vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa tento mechanizmus na prisp\u00f4sobenie grafick\u00e9ho adapt\u00e9ra konkr\u00e9tnej hre. <\/p>\n

Vyvol\u00e1va ot\u00e1zky \u00fapln\u00fd nedostatok komplexn\u00e9ho pr\u00edstupu k vytv\u00e1raniu automatizovan\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu na b\u00e1ze DL 8.2. Navrhuje sa predlo\u017ei\u0165 z\u00e1kazn\u00edkovi v\u00fdhody produktu, skontrolova\u0165 v\u00fdpo\u010dtov\u00fd v\u00fdkon existuj\u00facich PC a serverov<\/a> (kontextov\u00e9 analyz\u00e1tory s\u00fa ve\u013emi n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 na zdroje a m\u00f3dne teraz kancel\u00e1rske monobloky a nettopy na b\u00e1ze Atomu v tomto pr\u00edpade nie s\u00fa vhodn\u00e9) a jednoducho ho aplikova\u0165. Pri tom tak\u00e9 pojmy ako \u201epr\u00e1va pr\u00edstupu\u201c, \u201euzavret\u00fd softv\u00e9rov\u00fd prostredie\u201c, sa na semin\u00e1ri ani nespomenuli. O \u0161ifrovan\u00ed sa povedalo, \u017ee okrem zlo\u017eitosti vyvol\u00e1 ot\u00e1zky regul\u00e1torov, aj ke\u010f v skuto\u010dnosti s t\u00fdm nie s\u00fa \u017eiadne probl\u00e9my. Ot\u00e1zky o certifik\u00e1cii s\u00fa dokonca vo FSTEK odmietan\u00e9 kv\u00f4li ich \u00fadajnej zlo\u017eitosti a zd\u013ahavosti. Ako odborn\u00edk na informa\u010dn\u00fa bezpe\u010dnos\u0165, ktor\u00fd sa viackr\u00e1t z\u00fa\u010dastnil podobn\u00fdch proced\u00far, m\u00f4\u017eem poveda\u0165, \u017ee po\u010das ich vykon\u00e1vania sa odha\u013euje mno\u017estvo zranite\u013enost\u00ed, podobn\u00fdch t\u00fdm, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa pop\u00edsan\u00e9 v tomto materi\u00e1li, preto\u017ee odborn\u00edci certifika\u010dn\u00fdch laborat\u00f3ri\u00ed maj\u00fa v\u00e1\u017enu odborn\u00fa pr\u00edpravu.<\/p>\n

Nakoniec m\u00f4\u017ee predlo\u017een\u00fd DLP syst\u00e9m vykon\u00e1va\u0165 ve\u013emi obmedzen\u00fd s\u00fabor funkci\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 skuto\u010dne zais\u0165uj\u00fa informa\u010dn\u00fa bezpe\u010dnos\u0165, pri\u010dom generuje v\u00e1\u017enu v\u00fdpo\u010dtov\u00fa z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e a vytv\u00e1ra pocit ochrany firemn\u00fdch \u00fadajov u menej znal\u00e9ho vedenia spolo\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n

V skuto\u010dnosti m\u00f4\u017ee chr\u00e1ni\u0165 len naozaj ve\u013ek\u00e9 d\u00e1ta pred nepovolen\u00fdm pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eom, preto\u017ee spr\u00e1vca m\u00f4\u017ee plne deaktivova\u0165 ochranu, a pre mal\u00e9 tajomstv\u00e1 sa aj ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed mana\u017e\u00e9r \u010distiacej slu\u017eby m\u00f4\u017ee bez probl\u00e9mov n\u00e1padne odfoti\u0165 obrazovku, alebo si zapam\u00e4ta\u0165 adresu \u010di \u010d\u00edslo kreditnej karty, ke\u010f sa pozrie cez plece kolegu.
\nA to v\u0161etko plat\u00ed len v pr\u00edpade, ak je fyzick\u00fd pr\u00edstup zamestnancov k vn\u00fatornostiam po\u010d\u00edta\u010da, alebo aspo\u0148 k BIOS-u na aktiv\u00e1ciu sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165ania z extern\u00fdch nosi\u010dov nemo\u017en\u00fd. Potom m\u00f4\u017ee nepom\u00f4c\u0165 ani BitLocker, ktor\u00fd sa pravdepodobne neaplikuje vo firm\u00e1ch, ktor\u00e9 len zva\u017euj\u00fa ochranu inform\u00e1ci\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Vyvod, hoci to znie ban\u00e1lne, je s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou komplexn\u00e9ho pr\u00edstupu k informa\u010dnej bezpe\u010dnosti, ktor\u00fd zah\u0155\u0148a nielen softv\u00e9rov\u00e9\/hardv\u00e9rov\u00e9 rie\u0161enia, ale aj organiza\u010dno-technick\u00e9 opatrenia na vyl\u00fa\u010denie fotenia\/videonahr\u00e1vania a zabr\u00e1nenie pr\u00edstupu cudz\u00edm \"chlapcom s fenomen\u00e1lnou pam\u00e4\u0165ou\". Na z\u00e1zra\u010dn\u00fd produkt DL 8.2, propagovan\u00fd ako jednorazov\u00e9 rie\u0161enie v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iny probl\u00e9mov s bezpe\u010dnos\u0165ou podniku, sa nesmie spo\u013eahn\u00fa\u0165 v \u017eiadnom pr\u00edpade.<\/p>\n

Zdroj: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0412 \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u0435 2017 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0430\u043c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0435 DLP-\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b DeviceLock, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u044b \u043e\u0442 \u0443\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043a \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u044f USB-\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430. \u041c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044f \u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044f \u2014 \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044c\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0444\u0438\u0440\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0449\u0438\u043a, \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c, \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442 \u0411\u0418\u041e\u0421, \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0443 DeviceLock, \u0430 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