{"id":30053,"date":"2019-10-31T21:33:26","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:33:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/optimizatsiya-proizvoditelnosti-apache2\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:33:26","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:33:26","slug":"optimizatsiya-proizvoditelnosti-apache2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/optimizatsiya-proizvoditelnosti-apache2","title":{"rendered":"Optimaliz\u00e1cia v\u00fdkonu apache2","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Mnoh\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa apache2 ako webov\u00fd server. M\u00e1lokto v\u0161ak rozm\u00fd\u0161\u013ea o optimaliz\u00e1cii jeho v\u00fdkonu, \u010do priamo ovplyv\u0148uje r\u00fdchlos\u0165 na\u010d\u00edtania str\u00e1nok webu, r\u00fdchlos\u0165 spracovania skriptov (najm\u00e4 php) a taktie\u017e zvy\u0161uje za\u0165a\u017eenie CPU a zvy\u0161uje objem vyu\u017e\u00edvanej RAM. <\/p>\n<p>Tento manu\u00e1l by mal pom\u00f4c\u0165 za\u010diato\u010dn\u00edkom (a nielen nim) pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eom.<br \/>\nV\u0161etky ni\u017e\u0161ie uveden\u00e9 pr\u00edklady boli pou\u017eit\u00e9 na Raspberry PI 3, Debian 9, Apache 2.4.38, PHP 7.3.<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nTak\u017ee, za\u010dnime.<\/p>\n<h3>1. Deaktiv\u00e1cia nepou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch modulov<\/h3>\n<p>\nPrvou met\u00f3dou je ban\u00e1lne vypnutie modulov, ktor\u00e9 nepou\u017e\u00edvate:<\/p>\n<p>Zoznam aktu\u00e1lne pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch modulov m\u00f4\u017eete z\u00edska\u0165 pr\u00edkazom:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">apache2ctl -M<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nNa deaktiv\u00e1ciu modulu sa pou\u017e\u00edva pr\u00edkaz:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">a2dismod *n\u00e1zov modulu*<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nNaopak, na aktiv\u00e1ciu modulu sa pou\u017e\u00edva pr\u00edkaz:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">a2enmod *n\u00e1zov modulu*<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nV\u0161imnite si, \u017ee pri pou\u017eit\u00ed <i>a2dismod<\/i>, n\u00e1zov modulu je potrebn\u00e9 p\u00edsa\u0165 bez samotn\u00e9ho slova modul.<\/p>\n<p>Napr\u00edklad, ak ste vo v\u00fdstupe pr\u00edkazu <i>apache2ctl -M<\/i> videli <i>proxy_module<\/i>, tak na jeho deaktiv\u00e1ciu je potrebn\u00e9 pou\u017ei\u0165 pr\u00edkaz \u2014 <i>a2dismod proxy<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Najviac system za\u0165a\u017euj\u00facimi modulmi (z osobnej sk\u00fasenosti) s\u00fa:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>PHP, Ruby, Perl a in\u00e9 moduly pre r\u00f4zne skriptovacie jazyky<\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/ssl-sertifikat\/\"   title=\"SSL\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2258\">SSL<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Rewrite<\/li>\n<li>CGI<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nTak\u017ee v pr\u00edpadoch, ke\u010f tieto moduly nepotrebujete, odpor\u00fa\u010dam ich vypn\u00fa\u0165.<\/p>\n<p>Taktie\u017e, po deaktiv\u00e1cii ak\u00e9hoko\u013evek modulu, odpor\u00fa\u010dam pou\u017ei\u0165 pr\u00edkaz \u2014 <i>apache2ctl configtest<\/i>, ktor\u00fd skontroluje konfigur\u00e1ciu pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch str\u00e1nok a ak bol niektor\u00fd z deaktivovan\u00fdch modulov pre ne potrebn\u00fd, vyhod\u00ed chybu.<\/p>\n<h3>2. Zmena MPM (Multi-Processing Module) a pou\u017eitie php-fpm<\/h3>\n<p>\nPredvolene, po in\u0161tal\u00e1cii, apache2 pou\u017e\u00edva MPM Prefork (1 vl\u00e1kno na 1 spojenie), \u010do v\u00fdrazne zni\u017euje v\u00fdkon, ale zlep\u0161uje stabilitu a bezpe\u010dnos\u0165.<\/p>\n<p>Pre optimaliz\u00e1ciu v\u00fdkonu odpor\u00fa\u010dam pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 MPM Worker, ktor\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 s\u00fa\u010dasne viac vl\u00e1kien na jedno spojenie.<\/p>\n<p>Na jeho aktiv\u00e1ciu pou\u017eijeme nasleduj\u00face pr\u00edkazy:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">a2dismod mpm_prefork  \\\/\\\/Deaktivujeme prefork\na2dismod php7.3  \\\/\\\/Deaktivujeme modul php, ktor\u00fd z\u00e1vis\u00ed od prefork\na2enmod mpm_worker  \\\/\\\/Aktivujeme worker\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nAv\u0161ak pri pou\u017eit\u00ed Worker sa m\u00f4\u017eete stretn\u00fa\u0165 s probl\u00e9mom, preto\u017ee modul php7.3 z\u00e1vis\u00ed od modulu Prefork.<\/p>\n<p>Aby sme vyrie\u0161ili tento probl\u00e9m, nain\u0161talujeme modul php7.3-fpm, ktor\u00fd bude sl\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 na spracovanie php skriptov:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">apt-get update &amp;&amp; apt-get install php7.3-fpm  \/\/ In\u0161talujeme\nsystemctl enable php7.3-fpm &amp;&amp; systemctl start php7.3-fpm  \/\/ Prid\u00e1me do automatick\u00e9ho sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165ania a spust\u00edme\na2enmod php7.3-fpm &amp;&amp; a2enconf php7.3-fpm.conf  \/\/ Aktivujeme modul a konfigur\u00e1ciu pre\u0148\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nJe potrebn\u00e9 poznamena\u0165, \u017ee pou\u017eitie php-fpm tie\u017e zn\u00ed\u017ei mno\u017estvo pam\u00e4te RAM pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 procesom apache2 a trochu ur\u00fdchli spracovanie php skriptov.<\/p>\n<h3>3. Z\u00e1ver<\/h3>\n<p>\nTak\u017ee tak\u00fdmito jednoduch\u00fdmi krokmi sme dok\u00e1zali optimalizova\u0165 v\u00fdkon a zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e na zariaden\u00ed (v tomto pr\u00edpade RPI3).<\/p>\n<p>Samozrejme, existuje stovky \u010fal\u0161\u00edch mo\u017enost\u00ed optimaliz\u00e1cie, ako napr\u00edklad zapnutie kompresie (\u010do je naozaj u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9, ale v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou u\u017e je predvolene zapnut\u00e9), zmenu parametrov (konfigura\u010dn\u00fdch s\u00faborov) MPM, vypnutie HostnameLookups a podobne, ale v tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku som sa sna\u017eil zachyti\u0165 pr\u00e1ve tie body, ktor\u00e9 mi najviac pomohli, a d\u00fafam, \u017ee pom\u00f4\u017eu aj in\u00fdm.<br \/>\n<br \/>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/444732\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 apache2 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u043c\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043a\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0443\u043c\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0431 \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430, \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0432 (\u0432 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 php), \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0426\u041f \u0438 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0451\u043c\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u041e\u0417\u0423. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0443\u0430\u043b, \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0447\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c (\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e) \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c. \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30053","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 apache2 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link 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