{"id":31672,"date":"2019-10-31T21:42:29","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:42:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/proekt-netbsd-razvivaet-novyj-gipervizor-nvmm\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:42:29","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:42:29","slug":"proekt-netbsd-razvivaet-novyj-gipervizor-nvmm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/proekt-netbsd-razvivaet-novyj-gipervizor-nvmm","title":{"rendered":"Projekt NetBSD vyv\u00edja nov\u00fd hyperv\u00edzor NVMM","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u00fdvoj\u00e1ri projektu NetBSD ozn\u00e1mili<\/a><\/noindex> o vytvoren\u00ed nov\u00e9ho hyperv\u00edzora a s n\u00edm s\u00favisiaceho stacku virtualiz\u00e1cie, ktor\u00fd je u\u017e zahrnut\u00fd v experiment\u00e1lnej vetve NetBSD-current a bude pon\u00faknut\u00fd v stabilnej verzii NetBSD 9. NVMM je zatia\u013e obmedzen\u00fd na podporu architekt\u00fary x86_64 a poskytuje dva backendy pre vyu\u017eitie hardv\u00e9rov\u00fdch mechanizmov virtualiz\u00e1cie: x86-SVM s podporou roz\u0161\u00edren\u00ed virtualiz\u00e1cie CPU AMD a x86-VMX pre CPU Intel. V s\u00fa\u010dasnej podobe je mo\u017en\u00e9 na jednom hostite\u013eskom po\u010d\u00edta\u010di spusti\u0165 a\u017e 128 virtu\u00e1lnych strojov, z ktor\u00fdch ka\u017ed\u00e9mu m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 pridelen\u00fdch a\u017e 256 virtu\u00e1lnych procesorov\u00fdch jadier (VCPU) a 128 GB RAM. <\/p>\n

NVMM obsahuje ovl\u00e1da\u010d, ktor\u00fd pracuje na \u00farovni jadra syst\u00e9mu a koordinuje pr\u00edstup k hardv\u00e9rov\u00fdm mechanizmom virtualiz\u00e1cie, a stack Libnvmm, ktor\u00fd be\u017e\u00ed v u\u017e\u00edvate\u013eskom priestore. Interakcia medzi komponentmi jadra a u\u017e\u00edvate\u013esk\u00e9ho priestoru prebieha prostredn\u00edctvom IOCTL. Osobitos\u0165ou NVMM, ktor\u00e1 ho odli\u0161uje od hyperv\u00edzorov ako KVM, HAXM<\/a><\/noindex> a Bhyve, je to, \u017ee na \u00farovni jadra sa vykon\u00e1va len minim\u00e1lny potrebn\u00fd s\u00fabor obalov okolo hardv\u00e9rov\u00fdch mechanizmov virtualiz\u00e1cie, pri\u010dom cel\u00fd k\u00f3d emul\u00e1cie hardv\u00e9ru je presunut\u00fd z jadra do u\u017e\u00edvate\u013esk\u00e9ho priestoru. Tak\u00fdto pr\u00edstup umo\u017e\u0148uje zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 objem k\u00f3du be\u017eiaceho s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmi privil\u00e9giami a zni\u017euje riziko kompromit\u00e1cie cel\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu v pr\u00edpade \u00fatokov na zranite\u013enosti v hyperv\u00edzore. Okrem toho sa podstatne zjednodu\u0161uje ladenie a fuzzing testovanie projektu. <\/p>\n

Libnvmm s\u00e1m o sebe neobsahuje emula\u010dn\u00e9 funkcie, ale poskytuje API, ktor\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uje integrova\u0165 podporu NVMM do existuj\u00facich emul\u00e1torov, ako je QEMU. API pokr\u00fdva tak\u00e9 funkcie ako vytv\u00e1ranie a sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165anie virtu\u00e1lnych strojov, pridelenie pam\u00e4te hos\u0165ovsk\u00e9mu syst\u00e9mu a distrib\u00faciu VCPU. Na zv\u00fd\u0161enie bezpe\u010dnosti a zn\u00ed\u017eenie potenci\u00e1lnych vektorov \u00fatoku libnvmm poskytuje iba v\u00fdslovne po\u017eadovan\u00e9 funkcie \u2014 predvolene sa zlo\u017eit\u00e9 spracovate\u013esk\u00e9 prvky automaticky nevyvol\u00e1vaj\u00fa a nemusia sa pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165, ak je mo\u017en\u00e9 sa bez nich zaob\u00eds\u0165. NVMM sa sna\u017e\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 jednoduch\u00e9 rie\u0161enia, bez zlo\u017eitost\u00ed, a umo\u017e\u0148uje kontrolova\u0165 \u010do najviac aspektov jeho \u010dinnosti.<\/p>\n

\"Projekt<\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n

\u010cas\u0165 NVMM pracuj\u00faca na \u00farovni jadra je \u00fazko integrovan\u00e1 s jadrom NetBSD a umo\u017e\u0148uje zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 v\u00fdkon zn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm po\u010dtu prechodov medzi hos\u0165uj\u00facou OS a hostite\u013esk\u00fdm prostred\u00edm. Na strane u\u017e\u00edvate\u013esk\u00e9ho priestoru sa libnvmm sna\u017e\u00ed agregova\u0165 typick\u00e9 oper\u00e1cie vstupu a v\u00fdstupu a bez potreby sa neobraca\u0165 na syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 volania. Syst\u00e9m pride\u013eovania pam\u00e4te je zalo\u017een\u00fd na subsyst\u00e9me pmap, \u010do umo\u017e\u0148uje vytesnenie str\u00e1n pam\u00e4te hos\u0165uj\u00facich syst\u00e9mov do v\u00fdmenn\u00e9ho s\u00faboru v pr\u00edpade nedostatku pam\u00e4te v syst\u00e9me. NVMM je zbaven\u00fd glob\u00e1lnych z\u00e1mkov a dobre sa \u0161k\u00e1luje, \u010do umo\u017e\u0148uje s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvanie r\u00f4znych jadier CPU na vykon\u00e1vanie r\u00f4znych hos\u0165uj\u00facich virtu\u00e1lnych strojov. <\/p>\n

Na b\u00e1ze QEMU bolo pripraven\u00e9 rie\u0161enie vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00face NVMM na akt\u00edvnu a\u017e hardware mechanizmy virtualiz\u00e1cie. Prebieha pr\u00e1ca na zahrnut\u00ed pripraven\u00fdch z\u00e1plat do hlavn\u00e9ho zlo\u017eenia QEMU. Sv\u00e4zok QEMU+NVMM u\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje<\/a><\/noindex> \u00faspe\u0161ne sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165a\u0165 hos\u0165uj\u00face syst\u00e9my s FreeBSD, OpenBSD, Linux, Windows XP\/7\/8.1\/10 a in\u00fdmi OS na syst\u00e9moch x86_64 s procesormi AMD a Intel (s\u00e1m NVMM nie je viazan\u00fd na ur\u010dit\u00fa architekt\u00faru, napr\u00edklad pri vytvoren\u00ed pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9ho backendu m\u00f4\u017ee fungova\u0165 na syst\u00e9moch ARM64). Medzi oblasti \u010fal\u0161ieho uplatnenia NVMM patr\u00ed aj sandbox-izol\u00e1cia jednotliv\u00fdch aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"Projekt<\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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