{"id":31907,"date":"2019-10-31T21:43:53","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:43:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/postroenie-otkazoustojchivogo-resheniya-na-baze-oracle-rac-i-arhitektury-accelstor-shared-nothing\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:43:53","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:43:53","slug":"postroenie-otkazoustojchivogo-resheniya-na-baze-oracle-rac-i-arhitektury-accelstor-shared-nothing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/administrirovanie\/postroenie-otkazoustojchivogo-resheniya-na-baze-oracle-rac-i-arhitektury-accelstor-shared-nothing","title":{"rendered":"Vytvorenie odoln\u00e9ho rie\u0161enia na z\u00e1klade Oracle RAC a architekt\u00fary AccelStor Shared-Nothing","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Niektor\u00e9 Enterprise aplik\u00e1cie a virtualiza\u010dn\u00e9 syst\u00e9my maj\u00fa svoje vlastn\u00e9 mechanizmy na vytv\u00e1ranie odoln\u00fdch rie\u0161en\u00ed. Konkr\u00e9tne Oracle RAC (Oracle Real Application Cluster) je klaster pozost\u00e1vaj\u00faci z dvoch alebo viacer\u00fdch Oracle datab\u00e1zov\u00fdch serverov, ktor\u00e9 spolupracuj\u00fa na vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ee a zabezpe\u010den\u00ed odolnosti na \u00farovni servera\/aplik\u00e1cie. Na prev\u00e1dzku v takom re\u017eime je potrebn\u00e9 spolo\u010dn\u00e9 \u00falo\u017eisko, ktor\u00e9ho \u00falohu zvy\u010dajne pln\u00ed \u00falo\u017en\u00e9 zariadenie. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ako sme u\u017e diskutovali v jednom z na\u0161ich <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/accelstor\/blog\/441780\/\">\u010dl\u00e1nkov<\/a><\/noindex>, samo o sebe \u00falo\u017en\u00e9 zariadenie, napriek existencii redundantn\u00fdch komponentov (vr\u00e1tane ovl\u00e1da\u010dov), st\u00e1le m\u00e1 body zlyhania \u2013 predov\u0161etk\u00fdm vo forme jedn\u00e9ho s\u00faboru \u00fadajov. Preto, na vybudovanie rie\u0161enia Oracle s vysok\u00fdmi po\u017eiadavkami na spo\u013eahlivos\u0165, je potrebn\u00e9 komplikova\u0165 sch\u00e9mu \u201eN serverov \u2013 jedno \u00falo\u017en\u00e9 zariadenie\u201d.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vytvorenie odoln\u00e9ho rie\u0161enia na z\u00e1klade Oracle RAC a architekt\u00fary AccelStor Shared-Nothing\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/779e46d9ae2d70251bc72f55941171a5.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Najprv sa samozrejme mus\u00edme rozhodn\u00fa\u0165, od ak\u00fdch riz\u00edk sa sna\u017e\u00edme chr\u00e1ni\u0165. V r\u00e1mci tohto \u010dl\u00e1nku nebudeme sk\u00fama\u0165 ochranu pred hrozbami typu \u201epriletel meteorit\u201d. Tak\u017ee vytv\u00e1ranie teritori\u00e1lne vzdialen\u00e9ho rie\u0161enia disaster recovery zostane t\u00e9mou nasleduj\u00facich \u010dl\u00e1nkov. Tu presk\u00famame takzvan\u00e9 rie\u0161enie Cross-Rack disaster recovery, kde sa ochrana buduje na \u00farovni serverov\u00fdch skr\u00ed\u0148. Samotn\u00e9 skrine m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 umiestnen\u00e9 ako v jednej miestnosti, tak aj v r\u00f4znych, ale zvy\u010dajne v r\u00e1mci jednej budovy.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Tieto skrine by mali obsahova\u0165 cel\u00fd potrebn\u00fd s\u00fabor zariaden\u00ed a softv\u00e9ru, ktor\u00fd umo\u017en\u00ed prev\u00e1dzku datab\u00e1z Oracle nez\u00e1visle od stavu \u201esuseda\u201d. In\u00fdmi slovami, pri pou\u017eit\u00ed rie\u0161enia Cross-Rack disaster recovery eliminujeme rizik\u00e1 pri zlyhan\u00ed:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Servery aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed Oracle<\/li>\n<li>\u00dalo\u017en\u00e9 syst\u00e9my<\/li>\n<li>Syst\u00e9my prep\u00ednania<\/li>\n<li>\u00dapln\u00e9 zlyhanie v\u0161etk\u00e9ho zariadenia v skrini:\n<ul>\n<li>Zlyhanie nap\u00e1jania<\/li>\n<li>Zlyhanie chladenia<\/li>\n<li>Extern\u00e9 faktory (\u013eudia, pr\u00edroda a pod.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Replik\u00e1cia serverov Oracle predpoklad\u00e1 z\u00e1kladn\u00fd princ\u00edp fungovania Oracle RAC a realizuje sa prostredn\u00edctvom aplik\u00e1cie. Replik\u00e1cia prep\u00ednac\u00edch prostriedkov tie\u017e nie je probl\u00e9m. Ale s replik\u00e1ciou \u00falo\u017en\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov to nie je tak\u00e9 jednoduch\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Najjednoduch\u0161ou mo\u017enos\u0165ou je replik\u00e1cia d\u00e1t z hlavn\u00e9ho \u00falo\u017eiska na z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00e9. M\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 synchronn\u00e1 alebo asynchronn\u00e1, v z\u00e1vislosti od mo\u017enost\u00ed \u00falo\u017eiska. Pri asynchronnej replik\u00e1cii sa v\u0161ak okam\u017eite objavuje ot\u00e1zka zabezpe\u010denia konzistencie d\u00e1t vo vz\u0165ahu k Oracle. Aj ke\u010f existuje programov\u00e1 integr\u00e1cia s aplik\u00e1ciou, v pr\u00edpade poruchy hlavn\u00e9ho \u00falo\u017eiska bude potrebn\u00e9 manu\u00e1lne z\u00e1sah od spr\u00e1vcov, aby prepli klaster na z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00e9 \u00falo\u017eisko.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Zlo\u017eitej\u0161ou mo\u017enos\u0165ou s\u00fa softv\u00e9rov\u00e9 a\/alebo hardv\u00e9rov\u00e9 \u201evirtualiz\u00e1tory\u201c \u00falo\u017eiska, ktor\u00e9 eliminuj\u00fa probl\u00e9my s konzistenciou a manu\u00e1lnym z\u00e1sahom. Av\u0161ak zlo\u017eitosti nasadenia a n\u00e1slednej administr\u00e1cie, ako aj zna\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1klady na tak\u00e9to rie\u0161enia odr\u00e1dzaj\u00fa mnoh\u00fdch.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Presne pre tak\u00e9to scen\u00e1re, ako je obnovovanie po katastrof\u00e1ch Cross-Rack, je vynikaj\u00face rie\u0161enie All Flash pole AccelStor NeoSapphire\u2122 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/accelstor.ru\/product\/neosapphire-h710\">H710<\/a><\/noindex> s vyu\u017eit\u00edm architekt\u00fary Shared-Nothing. Tento model predstavuje dvojuzlov\u00fd syst\u00e9m \u00falo\u017eiska, ktor\u00fd vyu\u017e\u00edva vlastn\u00fa technol\u00f3giu FlexiRemap\u00ae pre pr\u00e1cu s flash pam\u00e4\u0165ami. V\u010faka <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/accelstor.ru\/\">FlexiRemap\u00ae<\/a><\/noindex> NeoSapphire\u2122 H710 je schopn\u00e1 zabezpe\u010di\u0165 v\u00fdkonnos\u0165 a\u017e 600K IOPS pri 4K n\u00e1hodnom z\u00e1pise a viac ako 1M IOPS pri 4K n\u00e1hodnom \u010d\u00edtan\u00ed, \u010do je nedosiahnute\u013en\u00e9 pri pou\u017eit\u00ed klasick\u00fdch RAID-based \u00falo\u017e\u00edsk.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Hlavnou vlastnos\u0165ou NeoSapphire\u2122 H710 je v\u0161ak realiz\u00e1cia dvoch uzlov vo forme samostatn\u00fdch skr\u00ed\u0148, z ktor\u00fdch ka\u017ed\u00e1 m\u00e1 vlastn\u00fa k\u00f3piu d\u00e1t. Synchroniz\u00e1cia uzlov prebieha cez extern\u00e9 rozhranie InfiniBand. V\u010faka takejto architekt\u00fare je mo\u017en\u00e9 rozlo\u017ei\u0165 uzly na r\u00f4zne lok\u00e1cie do vzdialenosti a\u017e 100 m, \u010d\u00edm sa zabezpe\u010duje rie\u0161enie obnovovania po katastrof\u00e1ch Cross-Rack. Oba uzly pracuj\u00fa \u00faplne synchronne. Z poh\u013eadu hostite\u013eov H710 vyzer\u00e1 ako be\u017en\u00e9 dvojkontrolerov\u00e9 \u00falo\u017eisko. Preto nie s\u00fa potrebn\u00e9 \u017eiadne dodato\u010dn\u00e9 softv\u00e9rov\u00e9 a hardv\u00e9rov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti a \u017eiadne obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 zlo\u017een\u00e9 nastavenia.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ak porovn\u00e1me v\u0161etky vy\u0161\u0161ie op\u00edsan\u00e9 rie\u0161enia obnovovania po katastrof\u00e1ch Cross-Rack, mo\u017enos\u0165 od AccelStor sa v\u00fdrazne vyn\u00edma na pozad\u00ed ostatn\u00fdch:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>AccelStor NeoSapphire\u2122 Architekt\u00fara Shared Nothing<br \/>\nSoftv\u00e9rov\u00fd alebo hardv\u00e9rov\u00fd \u201evirtualiz\u00e1tor\u201c \u00falo\u017eiska<br \/>\nRie\u0161enie zalo\u017een\u00e9 na replik\u00e1cii<\/p>\n<p><b>Dostupnos\u0165<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Zlyhanie servera<br \/>\n<b>Bez v\u00fdpadku<\/b><br \/>\n<b>Bez v\u00fdpadku<\/b><br \/>\n<b>Bez v\u00fdpadku<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Zlyhanie prep\u00edna\u010da<br \/>\n<b>Bez v\u00fdpadku<\/b><br \/>\n<b>Bez v\u00fdpadku<\/b><br \/>\n<b>Bez v\u00fdpadku<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Zlyhanie \u00falo\u017en\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu<br \/>\n<b>Bez v\u00fdpadku<\/b><br \/>\n<b>Bez v\u00fdpadku<\/b><br \/>\n<b>S v\u00fdpadkom<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Zlyhanie cel\u00e9ho r\u00e1mca<br \/>\n<b>Bez v\u00fdpadku<\/b><br \/>\n<b>Bez v\u00fdpadku<\/b><br \/>\n<b>S v\u00fdpadkom<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>N\u00e1klady a zlo\u017eitos\u0165<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Cena rie\u0161enia<br \/>\nN\u00edzke*<br \/>\nVysok\u00e1<br \/>\nVysok\u00e1<\/p>\n<p>Zlo\u017eitos\u0165 nasadenia<br \/>\nN\u00edzka<br \/>\nVysok\u00e1<br \/>\nVysok\u00e1<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><i>*AccelStor NeoSapphire\u2122 je plne flash \u00falo\u017eisko, ktor\u00e9 stoj\u00ed viac ako '3 centy', najm\u00e4 ak m\u00e1 dvakr\u00e1t v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu kapacitu. Av\u0161ak v porovnan\u00ed s kone\u010dnou cenou rie\u0161enia zalo\u017een\u00e9ho na jeho platforme s porovnate\u013en\u00fdmi produktmi od in\u00fdch dod\u00e1vate\u013eov, je cena pova\u017eovan\u00e1 za n\u00edzku.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Topol\u00f3gia pripojenia aplika\u010dn\u00fdch serverov a uzlov All Flash \u00falo\u017eiska bude vyzera\u0165 nasledovne:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vytvorenie odoln\u00e9ho rie\u0161enia na z\u00e1klade Oracle RAC a architekt\u00fary AccelStor Shared-Nothing\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/faf6a0a78ed13532a817fb67a2651b1b.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Pri pl\u00e1novan\u00ed topol\u00f3gie je tie\u017e ve\u013emi odpor\u00fa\u010dan\u00e9 vytvori\u0165 z\u00e1lohu spr\u00e1vcovsk\u00fdch a interkonekt\u00edvnych prep\u00edna\u010dov serverov.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Odkia\u013e budeme hovori\u0165, je pripojenie cez Fibre Channel. V pr\u00edpade pou\u017eitia iSCSI bude v\u0161eobecne rovnak\u00e9, s \u00fapravami pre pou\u017eit\u00e9 typy prep\u00edna\u010dov a mierne odli\u0161n\u00fdmi nastaveniami \u00falo\u017eiska.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>Pr\u00edprava na \u00falo\u017eisko<\/h3>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 vybavenie a softv\u00e9r<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u0160pecifik\u00e1cie serverov a prep\u00edna\u010dov<\/b><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Komponenty<br \/>\nPopis<\/p>\n<p>Servery Oracle Database 11g<br \/>\nDva <\/p>\n<p>Prev\u00e1dzkov\u00fd syst\u00e9m servera<br \/>\nOracle Linux<\/p>\n<p>Verzia datab\u00e1zy Oracle<br \/>\n11g (RAC)<\/p>\n<p>Procesory na server<br \/>\nDva 16-jadrov\u00e9 procesory Intel\u00ae Xeon\u00ae CPU E5-2667 v2 @ 3,30 GHz<\/p>\n<p>Fyzick\u00e1 pam\u00e4\u0165 na server<br \/>\n128 GB<\/p>\n<p>FC sie\u0165<br \/>\n16 Gb\/s FC s multipath<\/p>\n<p>FC HBA<br \/>\nEmulex Lpe-16002B <\/p>\n<p>Vyhraden\u00e9 verejn\u00e9 1 GbE porty pre spr\u00e1vu klastru<br \/>\nIntel Ethernet adapt\u00e9r RJ45<\/p>\n<p>16 Gb\/s FC prep\u00edna\u010d<br \/>\nBrocade 6505<\/p>\n<p>Vyhraden\u00e9 s\u00fakromn\u00e9 10 GbE porty pre synchroniz\u00e1ciu d\u00e1t<br \/>\nIntel X520<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><b>\u0160pecifik\u00e1cia AccelStor NeoSapphire\u2122 All Flash \u00falo\u017eiska<\/b><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Komponenty<br \/>\nPopis<\/p>\n<p>\u00dalo\u017en\u00fd syst\u00e9m<br \/>\nModel vysokej dostupnosti NeoSapphire\u2122: H710<\/p>\n<p>Verzia obr\u00e1zku<br \/>\n4.0.1<\/p>\n<p>Celkov\u00fd po\u010det diskov<br \/>\n48<\/p>\n<p>Ve\u013ekos\u0165 disku<br \/>\n1,92 TB<\/p>\n<p>Typ disku<br \/>\nSSD<\/p>\n<p>FC cie\u013eov\u00e9 porty<br \/>\n16 x 16 Gb porty (8 na uzol)<\/p>\n<p>Spr\u00e1vne porty<br \/>\nK\u00e1bel Ethernet 1 GbE sp\u00e1jaj\u00faci hostite\u013eov cez ethernetov\u00fd prep\u00edna\u010d<\/p>\n<p>Srdcov\u00fd port<br \/>\nK\u00e1bel Ethernet 1 GbE sp\u00e1jaj\u00faci medzi dvoma \u00falo\u017en\u00fdmi uzlami<\/p>\n<p>Port na synchroniz\u00e1ciu d\u00e1t<br \/>\n56 Gb\/s InfiniBand k\u00e1bel<\/p>\n<p>Pred za\u010diatkom pou\u017e\u00edvania \u00falo\u017eiska je potrebn\u00e9 ho inicializova\u0165. Predvolen\u00e1 adresa spr\u00e1vy oboch uzlov je rovnak\u00e1 (192.168.1.1). Je potrebn\u00e9 sa postupne pripoji\u0165 k nim a zada\u0165 nov\u00e9 (u\u017e r\u00f4zne) adresy spr\u00e1vy a nastavi\u0165 synchroniz\u00e1ciu \u010dasu, po \u010dom m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 spr\u00e1vcovsk\u00e9 porty pripojen\u00e9 do jednej siete. Potom sa uzly spoja do HA p\u00e1ru ur\u010den\u00edm podnetov pre interlinkov\u00e9 pripojenia.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vytvorenie odoln\u00e9ho rie\u0161enia na z\u00e1klade Oracle RAC a architekt\u00fary AccelStor Shared-Nothing\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/9eef0dd1ac3a2ae1d19b3484ec2b2a27.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Po dokon\u010den\u00ed inicializ\u00e1cie je mo\u017en\u00e9 spravova\u0165 \u00falo\u017eisko z ak\u00e9hoko\u013evek uzla.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Potom vytvor\u00edme potrebn\u00e9 objemy a publikujeme ich pre aplika\u010dn\u00e9 servery.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vytvorenie odoln\u00e9ho rie\u0161enia na z\u00e1klade Oracle RAC a architekt\u00fary AccelStor Shared-Nothing\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/57a23b64c2bcb3c9f477cc5009e1cd48.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Ve\u013emi sa odpor\u00fa\u010da vytvori\u0165 nieko\u013eko objemov pre Oracle ASM, preto\u017ee to zv\u00fd\u0161i po\u010det cie\u013eov pre servery, \u010do nakoniec zlep\u0161\u00ed celkov\u00fd v\u00fdkon (podrobnosti o front\u00e1ch v inom) <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/accelstor\/blog\/447390\/\">\u010dl\u00e1nku<\/a><\/noindex>).<\/p>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Testovacia konfigur\u00e1cia<\/b><\/p>\n<p>N\u00e1zov \u00falo\u017en\u00e9ho objemu<br \/>\nVe\u013ekos\u0165 objemu<\/p>\n<p>Data01<br \/>\n200GB<\/p>\n<p>Data02<br \/>\n200GB<\/p>\n<p>Data03<br \/>\n200GB<\/p>\n<p>Data04<br \/>\n200GB<\/p>\n<p>Data05<br \/>\n200GB<\/p>\n<p>Data06<br \/>\n200GB<\/p>\n<p>Data07<br \/>\n200GB<\/p>\n<p>Data08<br \/>\n200GB<\/p>\n<p>Data09<br \/>\n200GB<\/p>\n<p>Data10<br \/>\n200GB<\/p>\n<p>Grid01<br \/>\n1GB<\/p>\n<p>Grid02<br \/>\n1GB<\/p>\n<p>Grid03<br \/>\n1GB<\/p>\n<p>Grid04<br \/>\n1GB<\/p>\n<p>Grid05<br \/>\n1GB<\/p>\n<p>Grid06<br \/>\n1GB<\/p>\n<p>Redo01<br \/>\n100GB<\/p>\n<p>Redo02<br \/>\n100GB<\/p>\n<p>Redo03<br \/>\n100GB<\/p>\n<p>Redo04<br \/>\n100GB<\/p>\n<p>Redo05<br \/>\n100GB<\/p>\n<p>Redo06<br \/>\n100GB<\/p>\n<p>Redo07<br \/>\n100GB<\/p>\n<p>Redo08<br \/>\n100GB<\/p>\n<p>Redo09<br \/>\n100GB<\/p>\n<p>Redo10<br \/>\n100GB<\/p>\n<h3>Niektor\u00e9 vysvetlenia t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa re\u017eimov prev\u00e1dzky po\u013ea a procesov, ktor\u00e9 sa vyskytuj\u00fa pri ne\u0161tandardn\u00fdch situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vytvorenie odoln\u00e9ho rie\u0161enia na z\u00e1klade Oracle RAC a architekt\u00fary AccelStor Shared-Nothing\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/e0f9416f16bb8a13673cacfcf1792d9d.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Ka\u017ed\u00fd uzol m\u00e1 parameter \u201everzia \u010d\u00edsla\u201c v s\u00fabore d\u00e1t. Po prim\u00e1rnej inicializ\u00e1cii je ten ist\u00fd a rovn\u00fd 1. Ak s\u00fa \u010d\u00edsla verzi\u00ed z ak\u00fdchko\u013evek d\u00f4vodov r\u00f4zne, v\u017edy sa uskuto\u010dn\u00ed synchroniz\u00e1cia d\u00e1t z vy\u0161\u0161ej verzie na ni\u017e\u0161iu, po \u010dom sa \u010d\u00edslo ni\u017e\u0161ej verzie zos\u00falad\u00ed, \u010do znamen\u00e1, \u017ee k\u00f3pie s\u00fa rovnak\u00e9. D\u00f4vody, pre\u010do m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 verzie r\u00f4zne:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Pl\u00e1novan\u00e9 re\u0161tartovanie jedn\u00e9ho z uzlov<\/li>\n<li>Hav\u00e1ria na jednom z uzlov v d\u00f4sledku n\u00e1hleho vypnutia (nap\u00e1janie, prehriatie a pod.). <\/li>\n<li>Preru\u0161enie spojenia InfiniBand s nemo\u017enos\u0165ou synchroniz\u00e1cie<\/li>\n<li>Hav\u00e1ria na jednom z uzlov v d\u00f4sledku po\u0161kodenia d\u00e1t. Tu bude potrebn\u00e9 vytvori\u0165 nov\u00fa HA skupinu a \u00fapln\u00fa synchroniz\u00e1ciu s\u00faboru d\u00e1t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>V ka\u017edom pr\u00edpade uzol, ktor\u00fd zost\u00e1va online, zv\u00fd\u0161i svoje \u010d\u00edslo verzie o jednotku, aby po obnoven\u00ed spojenia mohol synchronizova\u0165 svoj s\u00fabor d\u00e1t s p\u00e1rom.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ak d\u00f4jde k preru\u0161eniu spojenia cez Ethernet link, Heartbeat sa do\u010dasne prepne na InfiniBand a vr\u00e1ti sa sp\u00e4\u0165 po\u010das 10s po jeho obnoven\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>Nastavenie hostite\u013eov<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Na zabezpe\u010denie odolnosti vo\u010di poruch\u00e1m a zv\u00fd\u0161enie v\u00fdkonu je potrebn\u00e9 povoli\u0165 podporu MPIO pre pole. K tomu je potrebn\u00e9 prida\u0165 do s\u00faboru \/etc\/multipath.conf riadky, po ktor\u00fdch je nutn\u00e9 re\u0161tartova\u0165 slu\u017ebu multipath<\/p>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Skryt\u00fd text<\/b>devices {<br \/>\n device {<br \/>\n vendor \u201eAStor\u201c<br \/>\n path_grouping_policy \u201egroup_by_prio\u201c<br \/>\n path_selector \u201equeue-length 0\u201c<br \/>\n path_checker \u201etur\u201c<br \/>\n features \u201e0\u201c<br \/>\n hardware_handler \u201e0\u201c<br \/>\n prio \u201econst\u201c<br \/>\n failback immediate<br \/>\n fast_io_fail_tmo 5<br \/>\n dev_loss_tmo 60<br \/>\n user_friendly_names yes<br \/>\n detect_prio yes<br \/>\n rr_min_io_rq 1<br \/>\n no_path_retry 0<br \/>\n }<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u010ealej, aby ASM pracoval s MPIO cez ASMLib, je potrebn\u00e9 zmeni\u0165 s\u00fabor \/etc\/sysconfig\/oracleasm a potom vykona\u0165 \/etc\/init.d\/oracleasm scandisks<\/p>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Skryt\u00fd text<\/b><\/p>\n<p># ORACLEASM_SCANORDER: Matching patterns to order disk scanning<br \/>\nORACLEASM_SCANORDER=\u201edm\u201c<\/p>\n<p># ORACLEASM_SCANEXCLUDE: Matching patterns to exclude disks from scan<br \/>\nORACLEASM_SCANEXCLUDE=\u201esd\u201c<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h4>Pozn\u00e1mka<\/h4>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><i>Ak nechcete pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 ASMLib, m\u00f4\u017eete pou\u017ei\u0165 pravidl\u00e1 UDEV, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa z\u00e1kladom pre ASMLib.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><i>Od verzie 12.1.0.2 je mo\u017enos\u0165 Oracle Database dostupn\u00e1 na in\u0161tal\u00e1ciu ako s\u00fa\u010das\u0165 softv\u00e9ru ASMFD.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 zabezpe\u010di\u0165, aby vytv\u00e1ran\u00e9 disky pre Oracle ASM boli zarovnan\u00e9 s ve\u013ekos\u0165ou bloku, s ktor\u00fdm fyzicky pracuje pole (4K). Inak m\u00f4\u017eu nasta\u0165 probl\u00e9my s v\u00fdkonom. Preto je potrebn\u00e9 vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 objemy s pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdmi parametrami:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><i>parted \/dev\/mapper\/device-name mklabel gpt mkpart primary 2048s 100% align-check optimal 1<\/i><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>Rozdelenie datab\u00e1z na vytvoren\u00e9 objemy pre na\u0161u testovaciu konfigur\u00e1ciu<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00e1zov \u00falo\u017en\u00e9ho objemu<br \/>\nVe\u013ekos\u0165 objemu<br \/>\nMapovanie LUN objemov<br \/>\nPodrobnosti o objekte ASM Volume<br \/>\nVe\u013ekos\u0165 aloka\u010dnej jednotky<\/p>\n<p>Data01<br \/>\n200GB<br \/>\nMapova\u0165 v\u0161etky \u00falo\u017en\u00e9 objemy na \u00falo\u017en\u00fd syst\u00e9m v\u0161etk\u00fdmi d\u00e1tov\u00fdmi portami<br \/>\nRedundancia: Norm\u00e1lna<br \/>\nN\u00e1zov: DGDATA<br \/>\n\u00da\u010del: D\u00e1tov\u00e9 s\u00fabory<\/p>\n<p>4MB<\/p>\n<p>Data02<br \/>\n200GB<\/p>\n<p>Data03<br \/>\n200GB<\/p>\n<p>Data04<br \/>\n200GB<\/p>\n<p>Data05<br \/>\n200GB<\/p>\n<p>Data06<br \/>\n200GB<\/p>\n<p>Data07<br \/>\n200GB<\/p>\n<p>Data08<br \/>\n200GB<\/p>\n<p>Data09<br \/>\n200GB<\/p>\n<p>Data10<br \/>\n200GB<\/p>\n<p>Grid01<br \/>\n1GB<br \/>\nRedundancia: Norm\u00e1lna<br \/>\nN\u00e1zov: DGGRID1<br \/>\n\u00da\u010del: Mrie\u017eka: CRS a hlasovanie<\/p>\n<p>4MB<\/p>\n<p>Grid02<br \/>\n1GB<\/p>\n<p>Grid03<br \/>\n1GB<\/p>\n<p>Grid04<br \/>\n1GB<br \/>\nRedundancia: Norm\u00e1lna<br \/>\nN\u00e1zov: DGGRID2<br \/>\n\u00da\u010del: Mrie\u017eka: CRS a hlasovanie<\/p>\n<p>4MB<\/p>\n<p>Grid05<br \/>\n1GB<\/p>\n<p>Grid06<br \/>\n1GB<\/p>\n<p>Redo01<br \/>\n100GB<br \/>\nRedundancia: Norm\u00e1lna<br \/>\nN\u00e1zov: DGREDO1<br \/>\n\u00da\u010del: Redo log vl\u00e1kna 1<\/p>\n<p>4MB<\/p>\n<p>Redo02<br \/>\n100GB<\/p>\n<p>Redo03<br \/>\n100GB<\/p>\n<p>Redo04<br \/>\n100GB<\/p>\n<p>Redo05<br \/>\n100GB<\/p>\n<p>Redo06<br \/>\n100GB<br \/>\nRedundancia: Norm\u00e1lna<br \/>\nN\u00e1zov: DGREDO2<br \/>\n\u00da\u010del: Redo log vl\u00e1kna 2<\/p>\n<p>4MB<\/p>\n<p>Redo07<br \/>\n100GB<\/p>\n<p>Redo08<br \/>\n100GB<\/p>\n<p>Redo09<br \/>\n100GB<\/p>\n<p>Redo10<br \/>\n100GB<\/p>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Nastavenia datab\u00e1zy<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ve\u013ekos\u0165 bloku = 8K<\/li>\n<li>Priestor na swap = 16GB<\/li>\n<li>Zak\u00e1za\u0165 AMM (Automatick\u00e9 riadenie pam\u00e4te)<\/li>\n<li>Zak\u00e1za\u0165 transparentn\u00e9 obrovsk\u00e9 str\u00e1nky<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b class=\"spoiler_title\">Ostatn\u00e9 nastavenia<\/b><\/p>\n<p><u># vi \/etc\/sysctl.conf<\/u><br \/>\n\u2713 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576<br \/>\n\u2713 fs.file-max = 6815744<br \/>\n\u2713 kernel.shmmax 103079215104<br \/>\n\u2713 kernel.shmall 31457280<br \/>\n\u2713 kernel.shmmn 4096<br \/>\n\u2713 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128<br \/>\n\u2713 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500<br \/>\n\u2713 net.core.rmem_default = 262144<br \/>\n\u2713 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304<br \/>\n\u2713 net.core.wmem_default = 262144<br \/>\n\u2713 net.core.wmem_max = 1048586<br \/>\n\u2713 vm.swappiness=10<br \/>\n\u2713 vm.min_free_kbytes=524288 # ne nastavujte toto, ak pou\u017e\u00edvate Linux x86<br \/>\n\u2713 vm.vfs_cache_pressure=200<br \/>\n\u2713 vm.nr_hugepages = 57000<\/p>\n<p><u># vi \/etc\/security\/limits.conf<\/u><br \/>\n\u2713 grid soft nproc 2047<br \/>\n\u2713 grid hard nproc 16384<br \/>\n\u2713 grid soft nofile 1024<br \/>\n\u2713 grid hard nofile 65536<br \/>\n\u2713 grid soft stack 10240<br \/>\n\u2713 grid hard stack 32768<br \/>\n\u2713 oracle soft nproc 2047<br \/>\n\u2713 oracle hard nproc 16384<br \/>\n\u2713 oracle soft nofile 1024<br \/>\n\u2713 oracle hard nofile 65536<br \/>\n\u2713 oracle soft stack 10240<br \/>\n\u2713 oracle hard stack 32768<br \/>\n\u2713 soft memlock 120795954<br \/>\n\u2713 hard memlock 120795954\n<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><u>sqlplus \u201c\/as sysdba\u201d<\/u><br \/>\nalter system set processes=2000 scope=spfile;<br \/>\nalter system set open_cursors=2000 scope=spfile;<br \/>\nalter system set session_cached_cursors=300 scope=spfile;<br \/>\nalter system set db_files=8192 scope=spfile;\n<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>Test na odolnos\u0165 vo\u010di poruch\u00e1m<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Na \u00fa\u010dely demon\u0161tr\u00e1cie bol pou\u017eit\u00fd HammerDB na simul\u00e1ciu OLTP z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ee. Konfigur\u00e1cia HammerDB:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><b>Po\u010det skladov<\/b><br \/>\n256<\/p>\n<p>Celkov\u00fd po\u010det transakci\u00ed na pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea<br \/>\n1000000000000<\/p>\n<p>Virtu\u00e1lni pou\u017e\u00edvatelia<br \/>\n256<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdsledkom bolo 2.1M TPM, \u010do je \u010faleko od limitu v\u00fdkonu po\u013ea <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/accelstor.ru\/product\/neosapphire-h710\">H710<\/a><\/noindex>, ale je to \"strop\" pre aktu\u00e1lnu hardv\u00e9rov\u00fa konfigur\u00e1ciu serverov (predov\u0161etk\u00fdm kv\u00f4li procesorom) a ich po\u010dtu. Cie\u013eom tohto testu je v\u0161ak demon\u0161tr\u00e1cia odolnosti rie\u0161enia ako celku, nie dosiahnutie maxim\u00e1lnych v\u00fdkonov. Preto sa jednoducho budeme odvol\u00e1va\u0165 na toto \u010d\u00edslo.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vytvorenie odoln\u00e9ho rie\u0161enia na z\u00e1klade Oracle RAC a architekt\u00fary AccelStor Shared-Nothing\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/6de29f092e4c96a980a5790d8dd9a447.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>Test na poruchu jednej z n\u00f3d<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vytvorenie odoln\u00e9ho rie\u0161enia na z\u00e1klade Oracle RAC a architekt\u00fary AccelStor Shared-Nothing\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/c222cea4613ad7096bb097fee16bbb48.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vytvorenie odoln\u00e9ho rie\u0161enia na z\u00e1klade Oracle RAC a architekt\u00fary AccelStor Shared-Nothing\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/4b9459ba3d7cf34ec1e4ad4cd34adc09.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Hostitelia stratili \u010das\u0165 ciest do \u00falo\u017eiska, ale pokra\u010dovali v pr\u00e1ci cez zost\u00e1vaj\u00face so druhou n\u00f3dou. V\u00fdkon klesol na nieko\u013eko sek\u00fand kv\u00f4li prestavbe ciest a potom sa vr\u00e1til na norm\u00e1lne hodnoty. K preru\u0161eniu obsluhy nedo\u0161lo.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>Test na poruchu skrinky so v\u0161etk\u00fdm vybaven\u00edm<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vytvorenie odoln\u00e9ho rie\u0161enia na z\u00e1klade Oracle RAC a architekt\u00fary AccelStor Shared-Nothing\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/bf4c1bbf2b4986911c4274525cf8e5d5.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vytvorenie odoln\u00e9ho rie\u0161enia na z\u00e1klade Oracle RAC a architekt\u00fary AccelStor Shared-Nothing\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/17d5aa73f72dce4fd9227cb6907c249c.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>V tomto pr\u00edpade v\u00fdkon tie\u017e klesol na nieko\u013eko sek\u00fand kv\u00f4li prestavbe ciest a potom sa vr\u00e1til na polovi\u010dn\u00e9 hodnoty p\u00f4vodn\u00e9ho ukazovate\u013ea. V\u00fdsledok sa zn\u00ed\u017eil na polovicu od p\u00f4vodnej hodnoty kv\u00f4li vyl\u00fa\u010deniu jedn\u00e9ho servera aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed. K preru\u0161eniu obsluhy tie\u017e nedo\u0161lo.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Ak existuj\u00fa po\u017eiadavky na implement\u00e1ciu rie\u0161enia s vysokou dostupnos\u0165ou Cross-Rack disaster recovery pre Oracle za rozumn\u00fa cenu a s minim\u00e1lnym \u00fasil\u00edm na nasadenie\/administr\u00e1ciu, potom spolupr\u00e1ca Oracle RAC a architekt\u00fary <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/accelstor.ru\/page\/pochemu-accelstor\">AccelStor Shared-Nothing<\/a><\/noindex> bude jednou z najlep\u0161\u00edch mo\u017enost\u00ed. Namiesto Oracle RAC m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 ak\u00fdko\u013evek in\u00fd softv\u00e9r, ktor\u00fd podporuje klastrov\u00e9 rie\u0161enia, tie ist\u00e9 DBMS alebo virtualiza\u010dn\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, napr\u00edklad. Z\u00e1sada budovania rie\u0161enia zostane rovnak\u00e1. A kone\u010dn\u00fd ukazovate\u013e \u2013 to je nulov\u00e1 hodnota pre RTO a RPO.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/accelstor\/blog\/448538\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041d\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e Enterprise \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u0447\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u0412 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, Oracle RAC (Oracle Real Application Cluster) \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u0438\u0437 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0431\u0430\u0437 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 Oracle, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0441 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c\u044e \u0431\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u0447\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430\/\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0435, \u0432 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":23767,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31907","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041d\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0435 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