{"id":31932,"date":"2019-10-31T21:44:05","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:44:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/suverennye-oblaka\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:44:05","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:44:05","slug":"suverennye-oblaka","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/suverennye-oblaka","title":{"rendered":"S\u00faver\u00e9nne cloudy","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"S\u00faver\u00e9nne
\n
\nRusk\u00fd trh s cloudov\u00fdmi slu\u017ebami v peniazoch zaber\u00e1 sotva jeden percento z celkov\u00fdch pr\u00edjmov cloudov na svete. Napriek tomu sa priebe\u017ene objavuj\u00fa medzin\u00e1rodn\u00ed hr\u00e1\u010di, ktor\u00ed vyhlasuj\u00fa svoju t\u00fa\u017ebu bojova\u0165 o miesto pod rusk\u00fdm slnkom. \u010co m\u00f4\u017eeme o\u010dak\u00e1va\u0165 v roku 2019? Ni\u017e\u0161ie je n\u00e1zor Konstantina Anisimova, CEO Rusonyx<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

V roku 2019 holandsk\u00e1 Leaseweb ozn\u00e1mila svoj z\u00e1mer poskytova\u0165 v Rusku slu\u017eby verejn\u00fdch a s\u00fakromn\u00fdch cloudov, vyhraden\u00fdch serverov, kolok\u00e1cie, siet\u00ed na poskytovanie obsahu (CDN) a informa\u010dnej bezpe\u010dnosti. A to aj napriek pr\u00edtomnosti najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fdch hr\u00e1\u010dov (Alibaba, Huawei a IBM). <\/p>\n

V roku 2018 rusk\u00fd trh s cloudov\u00fdmi slu\u017ebami vzr\u00e1stol o 25% v porovnan\u00ed s rokom 2017 a dosiahol 68,4 miliardy rub\u013eov. Objem trhu IaaS (\u201einfrastrukt\u00fara ako slu\u017eba\u201c) sa pod\u013ea r\u00f4znych zdrojov pohyboval od 12 do 16 mili\u00e1rd rub\u013eov. V roku 2019 by sa ukazovatele mohli pohybova\u0165 od 15 do 20 mili\u00e1rd rub\u013eov. Zatia\u013e \u010do objem glob\u00e1lneho trhu IaaS v roku 2018 dosiahol pribli\u017ene 30 mili\u00e1rd dol\u00e1rov. Z toho takmer polovica v\u00fdnosov pripad\u00e1 na Amazon. \u010eal\u0161\u00edch pribli\u017ene 25% zaberaj\u00fa najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed svetov\u00ed hr\u00e1\u010di (Google, Microsoft, IBM a Alibaba). Zost\u00e1vaj\u00faca \u010das\u0165 patr\u00ed nez\u00e1visl\u00fdm medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fdm hr\u00e1\u010dom.<\/p>\n

Bud\u00facnos\u0165 za\u010d\u00edna dnes<\/h3>\n

\nAko perspekt\u00edvne je cloudov\u00e9 odvetvie v rusk\u00fdch podmienkach a ako mu m\u00f4\u017ee pom\u00f4c\u0165 alebo br\u00e1ni\u0165 \u0161t\u00e1tna protekcia? Napr\u00edklad je mo\u017en\u00e9 zavies\u0165 povinnos\u0165 pre \u0161t\u00e1tne spolo\u010dnosti \u00faplne sa vzda\u0165 dovozov\u00fdch softv\u00e9rov\u00fdch rie\u0161en\u00ed a zariaden\u00ed. Na druhej strane, tak\u00e9to obmedzenia zabr\u00e1nia konkurencii a vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa pre \u0161t\u00e1tne spolo\u010dnosti nespravodliv\u00e9 podmienky v porovnan\u00ed s komer\u010dn\u00fdmi \u0161trukt\u00farami. Dnes, najm\u00e4 vo fintechu, sa s\u00fa\u0165a\u017e\u00ed na technologickej \u00farovni. A ak, napr\u00edklad, \u0161t\u00e1tne banky bud\u00fa musie\u0165 vybera\u0165 nie najlep\u0161ie technol\u00f3gie, ale iba tie, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa rusk\u00fa registr\u00e1ciu, ak\u00e9muko\u013evek konkuruj\u00facemu komer\u010dn\u00e9mu bankov\u00e9mu subjektu ost\u00e1va iba tleska\u0165 a pozera\u0165, ako sa trhov\u00fd podiel z\u00e1zra\u010dne z\u00edskava s\u00e1m. <\/p>\n

Pod\u013ea odhadu iKS-Consulting<\/a><\/noindex> Rusk\u00fd trh s cloudov\u00fdmi slu\u017ebami bude v najbli\u017e\u0161\u00edch rokoch r\u00e1s\u0165 v priemere o 23 % ro\u010dne a na konci roka 2022 by mohol dosiahnu\u0165 155 mili\u00e1rd RUB. A to nielen importujeme, ale aj exportujeme cloudov\u00e9 slu\u017eby. Podiel zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch z\u00e1kazn\u00edkov na tr\u017eb\u00e1ch dom\u00e1cich cloudov\u00fdch poskytovate\u013eov predstavuje 5,1 %, alebo 2,4 miliardy RUB v segmente SaaS. Tr\u017eby v segmente Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS, servery, d\u00e1tov\u00e9 \u00falo\u017eisk\u00e1, siete, opera\u010dn\u00e9 syst\u00e9my v cloude, ktor\u00e9 klienti pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa na nasadenie a spustenie vlastn\u00fdch softv\u00e9rov\u00fdch rie\u0161en\u00ed) z zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch klientov v minulom roku predstavovali 2,2 %, alebo 380 mili\u00f3nov RUB. <\/p>\n

Vo vlastne m\u00e1me dve protichodn\u00e9 koncepcie rozvoja rusk\u00e9ho trhu cloudov\u00fdch slu\u017eieb. Na jednej strane izolacionizmus a kurz na \u00fapln\u00e9 nahradenie extern\u00fdch slu\u017eieb, a na druhej strane otvoren\u00fd trh a amb\u00edcie doby\u0165 svet. Ktor\u00e1 z t\u00fdchto strat\u00e9gi\u00ed m\u00e1 v Rusku najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie vyhliadky? Nechce sa mi veri\u0165, \u017ee len t\u00e1 prv\u00e1.
\nAk\u00e9 s\u00fa argumenty z\u00e1stancov hust\u00fdch \"digit\u00e1lnych plotov\"? N\u00e1rodn\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnos\u0165, ochrana dom\u00e1ceho trhu pred medzin\u00e1rodnou expanziou a podpora k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdch miestnych hr\u00e1\u010dov. V\u0161etci maj\u00fa na o\u010diach pr\u00edklad \u010c\u00edny s Alibaba Cloud. \u0160t\u00e1t vynaklad\u00e1 zna\u010dn\u00e9 \u00fasilie na to, aby miestne firmy zostali vo svojej krajine mimo konkurencie. <\/p>\n

Av\u0161ak vn\u00fatorn\u00e9 amb\u00edcie \u010d\u00ednskych spolo\u010dnost\u00ed nie s\u00fa v\u00f4bec obmedzen\u00e9 a ich sk\u00fasenos\u0165 ukazuje, \u017ee ide o najoptim\u00e1lnej\u0161iu strat\u00e9giu. Dnes je cloud Alibaba u\u017e tret\u00edm na svete. Navy\u0161e, \u010c\u00ed\u0148ania s\u00fa pln\u00ed amb\u00edci\u00ed z\u00edska\u0165 prvenstvo pred Amazonom a Microsoftom. V skuto\u010dnosti vid\u00edme vznik \"ve\u013ekej cloudovej trojky.\"<\/p>\n

Rusko v cloudu<\/h3>\n

\nAk\u00e9 s\u00fa \u0161ance Ruska v\u00e1\u017ene a na dlh\u00fa dobu sa objavi\u0165 na svetovej cloudovej mape? V krajine je mnoho talentovan\u00fdch program\u00e1torov a spolo\u010dnost\u00ed schopn\u00fdch pon\u00faknu\u0165 konkurencieschopn\u00fd produkt. Do \"cloudovej\" s\u00fa\u0165a\u017ee sa ned\u00e1vno zapojili nov\u00ed hr\u00e1\u010di so zna\u010dn\u00fdmi amb\u00edciami, ako s\u00fa Rostelekom, Yandex a Mail.ru, ktor\u00ed disponuj\u00fa slu\u0161n\u00fdm technologick\u00fdm potenci\u00e1lom. O\u010dak\u00e1vam, \u017ee skuto\u010dn\u00fd boj sa nebude kona\u0165 medzi cloudami ako tak\u00fdmi, ale medzi ekosyst\u00e9mami. A tu sa na predn\u00fd pl\u00e1n dostan\u00fa nielen z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 slu\u017eby IaaS, ale aj nov\u00e9 gener\u00e1cie cloudov\u00fdch slu\u017eieb - mikroslu\u017eby, edge computing a serverless. Ve\u010f z\u00e1kladn\u00e1 IaaS slu\u017eba sa u\u017e prakticky stala \"komoditou\" a len mno\u017estvo \u010fal\u0161\u00edch cloudov\u00fdch slu\u017eieb umo\u017en\u00ed \u00fazko pripoji\u0165 pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea. A pole tejto bud\u00facej bitky - internet vec\u00ed, inteligentn\u00e9 mest\u00e1 a inteligentn\u00e9, a v bl\u00edzkej bud\u00facnosti u\u017e aj bezpilotn\u00e9, vozidl\u00e1. <\/p>\n

\"S\u00faver\u00e9nne
\n
\nAk\u00e9 konkuren\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdhody m\u00f4\u017eu pon\u00faknu\u0165 rusk\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti a maj\u00fa v\u00f4bec perspekt\u00edvu? Ak zoh\u013eadn\u00edme, \u017ee rusk\u00fd trh je jedn\u00fdm z m\u00e1la na svete, ktor\u00fd sa nevzdal pod n\u00e1tlakom Google a Amazon, pova\u017eujem, \u017ee \u0161ance existuj\u00fa. Mo\u017eno jedno z najlep\u0161\u00edch pomerov cena\/kvalita v na\u0161om vzdel\u00e1van\u00ed vo svete, na\u0161a bl\u00edzkos\u0165 k z\u00e1padnej kult\u00fare, nadobudnut\u00e9 sk\u00fasenosti v obchodovan\u00ed, vr\u00e1tane medzin\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho (ve\u010f pred 30 rokmi tak\u00e9to sk\u00fasenosti prakticky neexistovali), novonadobudnut\u00e9 sk\u00fasenosti s vytvoren\u00edm IT produktov svetovej triedy (AmoCRM, Bitrix24, Veeam, Acronis, Dodo, Tinkoff, Cognitive - u\u017e ich nie je tak m\u00e1lo) - toto v\u0161etko s\u00fa v\u00fdhody, ktor\u00e9 n\u00e1m m\u00f4\u017eu pom\u00f4c\u0165 v svetovej konkurencii. A ned\u00e1vna dohoda medzi Yandexom a Hyundai Motors o spolupr\u00e1ci v oblasti bezpilotn\u00fdch vozidiel len posil\u0148uje presved\u010denie, \u017ee rusk\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti m\u00f4\u017eu a mali by bojova\u0165 o v\u00fdznamn\u00fd kus svetov\u00e9ho cloudov\u00e9ho \"kol\u00e1\u010da\". <\/p>\n

Pre situ\u00e1ciu rusk\u00fdch spolo\u010dnost\u00ed je tu v\u00fdhodn\u00e1 aj situ\u00e1cia s \"prist\u00e1t\u00edm\" glob\u00e1lnych IT slu\u017eieb v s\u00falade s po\u017eiadavkami n\u00e1rodn\u00fdch legislat\u00edv. N\u00e1rodn\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy nie s\u00fa nad\u0161en\u00e9 z dominancie americk\u00fdch slu\u017eieb na svojich \u00fazemiach, a rekordn\u00e1 pokuta 5 mili\u00e1rd dol\u00e1rov ulo\u017een\u00e1 Googlu v Eur\u00f3pe minul\u00fd rok je jasn\u00fdm potvrden\u00edm. Eur\u00f3psky GDPR alebo rusk\u00fd \"Z\u00e1kon o ulo\u017een\u00ed osobn\u00fdch \u00fadajov\" napr\u00edklad teraz klad\u00fa pomerne jasn\u00e9 po\u017eiadavky na miesto ulo\u017eenia pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013esk\u00fdch \u00fadajov. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee miestne slu\u017eby z\u00edskavaj\u00fa ur\u010dit\u00e9 v\u00fdhody a aj relat\u00edvne mal\u00ed hr\u00e1\u010di bud\u00fa m\u00f4c\u0165 s\u00fa\u0165a\u017ei\u0165 s glob\u00e1lnymi spolo\u010dnos\u0165ami v\u010faka svojej flexibilite, schopnosti partnerstva, prisp\u00f4sobivosti a r\u00fdchlosti. Hlavn\u00e9 je stanovi\u0165 si tak\u00e9to ciele, ma\u0165 amb\u00edcie nielen nekone\u010dne \"br\u00e1ni\u0165 sa\" pred glob\u00e1lnou konkurenciou, ale aj akt\u00edvne sa na nej z\u00fa\u010dastni\u0165. <\/p>\n

\"S\u00faver\u00e9nne
\n<\/p>\n

\u010co osobne o\u010dak\u00e1vam od trhu cloudov\u00fdch slu\u017eieb v Rusku a Eur\u00f3pe v roku 2019?<\/h3>\n

\nNajd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ie a prv\u00e9 je, \u017ee budeme pokra\u010dova\u0165 v konsolid\u00e1cii trhu. A z tohto faktu vypl\u00fdvaj\u00fa vlastne dve tendencie. <\/p>\n

Prv\u00e1, technologick\u00e1. Konsolid\u00e1cia umo\u017en\u00ed ved\u00facim hr\u00e1\u010dom viac sa s\u00fastredi\u0165 na v\u00fdvoj a implement\u00e1ciu nov\u00fdch technol\u00f3gi\u00ed v cloude. M\u00f4j podnik sa podie\u013ea na rozvoji technol\u00f3gi\u00ed bezserverov\u00fdch v\u00fdpo\u010dtov (serverless) a viem, \u017ee v roku 2019 uvid\u00edme dostatok tak\u00fdchto projektov na r\u00f4znych trhoch. Monopol ve\u013ekej trojky Amazon, Google a Microsoft v poskytovan\u00ed slu\u017eieb bezserverov\u00fdch v\u00fdpo\u010dtov sa za\u010dne r\u00faca\u0165 a d\u00fafam, \u017ee sa na tom z\u00fa\u010dastnia aj rusk\u00ed hr\u00e1\u010di. <\/p>\n

Druh\u00e1, a pravdepodobne e\u0161te d\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ia vec \u2013 konsolid\u00e1cia jasne ur\u010duje smerovanie k z\u00e1kazn\u00edkovi, lebo u l\u00eddrov trhu to funguje ve\u013emi dobre a ak sa chce\u0161 udr\u017ea\u0165 na trhu, mus\u00ed\u0161 sa prisp\u00f4sobi\u0165 jeho trendom. S\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9mu z\u00e1kazn\u00edkovi ch\u00fdbaj\u00fa nielen technologicky pokro\u010dil\u00e9 cloudov\u00e9 slu\u017eby, ale aj kvalita poskytovania t\u00fdchto slu\u017eieb. Preto projekty, ktor\u00e9 dok\u00e1\u017eu n\u00e1js\u0165 rovnov\u00e1hu medzi svojou ziskovos\u0165ou a hlbok\u00fdmi z\u00e1ujmami z\u00e1kazn\u00edka, maj\u00fa v\u0161etky \u0161ance na \u00faspech. Personaliz\u00e1cia, pohodlie a jednoduchost produktu \u2013 st\u00e1le viac zohr\u00e1va k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fa \u00falohu. Pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eom cloudov\u00fdch slu\u017eieb z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, ak\u00fd efekt m\u00e1 slu\u017eba pre ich podnikanie, pre\u010do by to mali robi\u0165 a ako na to min\u00fa \u010do najmen\u0161ie mno\u017estvo \u010dasu a prostriedkov. \u201eZadn\u00fd dvor\u201c v\u00e1\u0161ho produktu m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 nekone\u010dne zlo\u017eit\u00fd a technicky pokro\u010dil\u00fd, ale jeho pou\u017eitie by malo by\u0165 maxim\u00e1lne jednoduch\u00e9 a nevidite\u013en\u00e9. A t\u00e1to tendencia sa t\u00fdka aj \u201e\u0165a\u017ek\u00fdch\u201c firemn\u00fdch slu\u017eieb, kde u\u017e d\u00e1vno vl\u00e1dnu VMWare a in\u00ed tradi\u010dn\u00ed hr\u00e1\u010di. Teraz sa im zjavne bude musie\u0165 uvo\u013eni\u0165 miesto. A to je dobr\u00e9 ako pre priemysel, tak aj pre klientov.
\n
Zdroj: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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