{"id":31943,"date":"2019-10-31T21:44:09","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:44:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/ne-vpn-om-edinym-shpargalka-o-tom-kak-obezopasit-sebya-i-svoi-dannye\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:44:09","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:44:09","slug":"ne-vpn-om-edinym-shpargalka-o-tom-kak-obezopasit-sebya-i-svoi-dannye","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/administrirovanie\/ne-vpn-om-edinym-shpargalka-o-tom-kak-obezopasit-sebya-i-svoi-dannye","title":{"rendered":"Nie len VPN. R\u00fdchly sprievodca, ako zabezpe\u010di\u0165 seba a svoje \u00fadaje","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ahoj, Habr.<\/p>\n<p>Sme tu, VPN slu\u017eba <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/hidemyna.me\/ru\/vpn\/#59020afb6abe3&amp;chan=code4\">HideMy.name<\/a><\/noindex>. Moment\u00e1lne pracujeme na zrkadle HideMyna.me. Pre\u010do? 20. j\u00fala 2018 n\u00e1s Rusk\u00e1 kontrola m\u00e9di\u00ed zaradila <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/meduza.io\/news\/2018\/07\/24\/roskomnadzor-zablokiroval-vpn-servis-hideme-ru\">na zoznam zak\u00e1zan\u00fdch zdrojov<\/a><\/noindex> z d\u00f4vodu rozhodnutia Medvedevsk\u00e9ho okresn\u00e9ho s\u00fadu v Jo\u0161kar-Ole. S\u00fad rozhodol, \u017ee n\u00e1v\u0161tevn\u00edci na\u0161ej str\u00e1nky maj\u00fa neobmedzen\u00fd pr\u00edstup k extr\u00e9mistick\u00fdm materi\u00e1lom #bezregistr\u00e1cieasm, a navy\u0161e nejak\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom na\u0161iel na nej knihu \u201eMein Kampf\u201c Adolfa Hitlera. Zrejme pre spo\u013eahlivos\u0165. <\/p>\n<p>Tak\u00e9to rozhodnutie n\u00e1s ve\u013emi prekvapilo, ale pokra\u010dujeme v pr\u00e1ci na hidemyna.me, hidemyname.org, .one, .biz a dal\u0161\u00edch. Dlh\u00e9 diskusie s Ruskou kontrolou m\u00e9di\u00ed nepriniesli \u017eiadny v\u00fdsledok. Zatia\u013e s pr\u00e1vnikmi nap\u00e1dame blok\u00e1ciu a \u010darovn\u00e9 rozhodnutie s\u00fadu, zdie\u013eame s vami z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 rady na ochranu s\u00fakromia na internete a novinky na t\u00fato t\u00e9mu. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Nie len VPN. R\u00fdchly sprievodca, ako zabezpe\u010di\u0165 seba a svoje \u00fadaje\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/57e525870693884aea13b800a68216f2.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Edward Snowden m\u00e1 r\u00e1d N\u00e1rodn\u00fa bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fa agent\u00faru (asi) <\/i><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nNie je to tajomstvo, \u017ee popul\u00e1rne rusk\u00e9 slu\u017eby nie s\u00fa bezpe\u010dn\u00e9. Va\u0161a kore\u0161pondencia sa m\u00f4\u017ee v ktor\u00fako\u013evek chv\u00ed\u013eu ocitn\u00fa\u0165 v zornom poli dom\u00e1cich str\u00e1\u017ecov z\u00e1kona. Hovor\u00edme o tom, na \u010do je potrebn\u00e9 pam\u00e4ta\u0165 pri komunik\u00e1cii cez r\u00f4zne komunika\u010dn\u00e9 kan\u00e1ly.<\/p>\n<h3>SORM a ORI<\/h3>\n<p>\nExistuje <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lifehacker.ru\/9-sposobov-proslushat-telefon\/\">existuje mnoho r\u00f4znych<\/a><\/noindex> sp\u00f4sobov, ako odpo\u010d\u00fava\u0165 v\u00e1\u0161 telef\u00f3n. Ofici\u00e1lny a z\u00e1konn\u00fd \u2014 SORM, syst\u00e9m technick\u00fdch prostriedkov na zabezpe\u010denie funkci\u00ed operat\u00edvno-rozviedkov\u00fdch \u010dinnost\u00ed. Pod\u013ea z\u00e1kona v RF s\u00fa v\u0161etci oper\u00e1tori mobiln\u00fdch siet\u00ed povinn\u00ed nain\u0161talova\u0165 na svojej \u00fastredni tak\u00fdto syst\u00e9m, ak nechc\u00fa pr\u00eds\u0165 o licenciu. Typov SORM s\u00fa tri: prv\u00fd vymysleli v 80. rokoch, druh\u00fd za\u010dali zav\u00e1dza\u0165 v nult\u00fdch rokoch, a tret\u00ed sa oper\u00e1torom sna\u017eia vnucova\u0165 od roku 2014. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rbc.ru\/newspaper\/2017\/11\/09\/5a03187e9a7947d88f988f53\">Pod\u013ea d\u00e1t RBK<\/a><\/noindex>, v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina oper\u00e1torov pou\u017e\u00edva druh\u00fd typ, ale v 70% pr\u00edpadov syst\u00e9m funguje nespr\u00e1vne alebo v\u00f4bec nefunguje. Napriek tomu, na pevn\u00fdch telefonoch a cez be\u017en\u00fd hovor z mobiln\u00e9ho telef\u00f3nu sa citliv\u00e9 t\u00e9my lep\u0161ie nenazna\u010duj\u00fa. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Nie len VPN. R\u00fdchly sprievodca, ako zabezpe\u010di\u0165 seba a svoje \u00fadaje\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/1f8447123ab7c4f27034154d1c782b93.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Sch\u00e9ma pr\u00e1ce SORM-2 (Zdroj: mfisoft.ru)<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Pod\u013ea 97-FZ musia by\u0165 v\u0161etky messengerov\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie, slu\u017eby a str\u00e1nky, ktor\u00e9 p\u00f4sobia na \u00fazem\u00ed Ruska, zap\u00edsan\u00e9 v registri <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/97-fz.rkn.gov.ru\/organizer-dissemination\/viewregistry\/#searchform\">Organiz\u00e1torov \u0161\u00edrenia inform\u00e1ci\u00ed<\/a><\/noindex>. Pod\u013ea \u201e<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/russian\/features-43804225\">Z\u00e1kona Jarovaja<\/a><\/noindex>\u201c s\u00fa povinn\u00ed uchov\u00e1va\u0165 v\u0161etky \u00fadaje pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov, vr\u00e1tane z\u00e1znamov hlasov\u00fdch hovorov a kore\u0161pondencie, po dobu \u0161iestich mesiacov. V ORI, mimochodom, je aj Habr. <\/p>\n<p>Pr\u00e1ca registra je podrobne op\u00edsan\u00e1 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/tjournal.ru\/44230-kak-rabotaet-registraciya-messendzherov-v-roskomnadzore-na-primere-threema\">tu<\/a><\/noindex> na pr\u00edklade Threema, ale hlavn\u00fd z\u00e1ver je tak\u00fd: teraz na po\u017eiadanie rusk\u00fdch \u00faradov m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 ak\u00e1ko\u013evek inform\u00e1cia o v\u00e1s poskytnut\u00e1 org\u00e1nom \u010dinn\u00fdm v trestnom konan\u00ed. Preto prv\u00e9, \u010do treba urobi\u0165 na ochranu s\u00fakromia, je presun\u00fa\u0165 hovory a spr\u00e1vy do messengerov, ktor\u00e9 nie s\u00fa v registri ORI. Alebo do t\u00fdch, ktor\u00e9 tam s\u00fa, ale odmietaj\u00fa odovzda\u0165 \u00fadaje \u00faradom \u2014 ako Threema a Telegram. <\/p>\n<p><i><b>N\u00e1poveda<\/b>: Sam\u00e9 o sebe zaradenie do registra ORI nezaru\u010duje, \u017ee \u00fadaje bud\u00fa odovzd\u00e1van\u00e9 \u00faradom. Je potrebn\u00e9 neust\u00e1le sledova\u0165 novinky a pozera\u0165 sa na reakciu messengera, ke\u010f po \u0148om \u201epr\u00eddu\u201c.<\/i><\/p>\n<h3>Hlasov\u00e9 hovory a spr\u00e1vy<\/h3>\n<p>\nNa\u0161e rozhovory a spr\u00e1vy pred z\u00e1sahom tretej strany m\u00f4\u017ee chr\u00e1ni\u0165 end-to-end \u0161ifrovanie, preto sa messengery s E2E pova\u017euj\u00fa za najbezpe\u010dnej\u0161ie. Ale nie je to \u00faplne tak: pozrime sa na popul\u00e1rne mo\u017enosti.<\/p>\n<p><b>Telegram<\/b> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/daily.afisha.ru\/news\/10375-pavel-durov-obyasnil-pochemu-u-telegram-po-umolchaniyu-ne-vklyucheno-end-to-end-shifrovanie\/\">podporuje<\/a><\/noindex> end-to-end \u0161ifrovanie vo svojich Secret Chats a uchov\u00e1va za\u0161ifrovan\u00e9 \u00fadaje o va\u0161ej komunik\u00e1cii v cloude, ktor\u00fd je roztr\u00fasen\u00fd po r\u00f4znych krajin\u00e1ch s \u201ebezpe\u010dnou\u201c jurisdikciou. Ale po <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/post\/418535\/\">\u010dl\u00e1nku<\/a><\/noindex> na Habr\u00e9 o il\u00fazii bezpe\u010dnosti Telegram Passport v E2E od Durova sa m\u00f4\u017ee za\u010da\u0165 pochybova\u0165. <\/p>\n<p>Samozrejme, komunik\u00e1cia v Secret Chats zost\u00e1va dobr\u00fdm variantom pre paranoidn\u00fdch. V ich \u0161ifrovan\u00ed server v\u00f4bec nie je zapojen\u00fd: spr\u00e1vy s\u00fa odosielan\u00e9 peer-to-peer, teda priamo medzi \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkmi komunik\u00e1cie. Pre v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed pokoj m\u00f4\u017eete vyu\u017ei\u0165 funkciu sebanicenia spr\u00e1v pod\u013ea \u010dasov\u00e9ho pl\u00e1nu. Ale netreba na slepo d\u00f4verova\u0165 Telegramu. Aby bol o nie\u010do bezpe\u010dnej\u0161\u00ed, vy a v\u00e1\u0161 adres\u00e1t mus\u00edte vst\u00fapi\u0165 do nastaven\u00ed messengera a urobi\u0165 minim\u00e1lne dve veci: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Nastavi\u0165 heslo pri prihl\u00e1sen\u00ed do aplik\u00e1cie (<i>Ochrana s\u00fakromia a bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 <\/i>\u2014&gt;<i> Heslo<\/i>); \n<\/li>\n<li>Aktivova\u0165 dvojf\u00e1zov\u00fa autentifik\u00e1ciu (<i>Ochrana s\u00fakromia a bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 <\/i>\u2014&gt;<i> Dvojf\u00e1zov\u00e1 autentifik\u00e1cia<\/i>). \n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nPo tomto, okrem k\u00f3du z SMS, aplik\u00e1cia pri prihl\u00e1sen\u00ed z nov\u00e9ho zariadenia bude po\u017eadova\u0165 heslo, ktor\u00e9 pozn\u00e1te iba vy.<\/p>\n<p>Moment\u00e1lne potvrdenie prihl\u00e1senia iba cez SMS nijako nechr\u00e1nia osobu, ktor\u00e1 pou\u017e\u00edva rusk\u00fa SIM kartu. O pr\u00edpadoch hackovania Telegram \u00fa\u010dtov prostredn\u00edctvom zachyten\u00e9ho SMS spr\u00e1vy sa u\u017e vie \u2014 v roku 2016 zlo\u010dinci <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/tjournal.ru\/27313-oppozicionnye-aktivisty-pozhalovalis-na-udalennyy-vzlom-akkauntov-v-telegram\">z\u00edskali pr\u00edstup<\/a><\/noindex> k komunik\u00e1cii nieko\u013ek\u00fdch opozi\u010dn\u00edkov, a v roku 2017 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/roskomsvoboda.org\/28746\/\">bol hacknut\u00fd<\/a><\/noindex> \u00fa\u010det novin\u00e1ra \u201eDoj\u010da\u201c Michaila Rubina.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Nie len VPN. R\u00fdchly sprievodca, ako zabezpe\u010di\u0165 seba a svoje \u00fadaje\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/58d179914856056a24873f2db169d0db.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<b>WhatsApp<\/b> doteraz sa vyh\u00fdba registru ORI a tie\u017e pou\u017e\u00edva end-to-end \u0161ifrovanie, ale s n\u00edm to nie je tak\u00e9 bezprobl\u00e9mov\u00e9. Ned\u00e1vno sme publikovali <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/hidemyna.me\/ru\/news\/shtraf-za-kritiku-mera-v-whatsapp\/\">novinka<\/a><\/noindex> o obyvate\u013eoch Magadanu, ktor\u00fdm bolo vznesen\u00e9 obvinenie za kritiku prim\u00e1tora mesta. Na\u0161\u0165astie sa t\u00e1to z\u00e1le\u017eitos\u0165 skon\u010dila be\u017enou pokutou. Ale potvrdila obavy pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov: komunik\u00e1cia v skupinov\u00fdch chatoch WhatsApp nie je bezpe\u010dn\u00e1. <\/p>\n<p><b>\u010co sa stane?<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Hne\u010f ako nap\u00ed\u0161ete spr\u00e1vu, va\u0161e telef\u00f3nne \u010d\u00edslo sa okam\u017eite stane pr\u00edstupn\u00fdm v\u0161etk\u00fdm \u010dlenom skupiny. A pod\u013ea \u010d\u00edsla je \u013eahk\u00e9 vyp\u00e1tra\u0165 va\u0161u identitu. \n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<b>\u010co robi\u0165?<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Rie\u0161en\u00edm by mohla by\u0165 'falo\u0161n\u00e1' SIM karta alebo zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo \u2013 najlep\u0161ie eur\u00f3pske. \n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nAk pou\u017e\u00edvate rusk\u00fa kartu registrovan\u00fa na va\u0161e meno, vyh\u00fdbajte sa ironick\u00fdm koment\u00e1rom v skupin\u00e1ch s n\u00e1zvom ako \u201ePrim\u00e1tor \u2013 odst\u00fapenie\u201c: pre WhatsApp je lep\u0161ie necha\u0165 len osobn\u00e9 komunik\u00e1cie a hovory. <\/p>\n<p><b>Viber<\/b> taktie\u017e sa neuv\u00e1dza v registri ORI, ale udr\u017euje komunik\u00e1ciu s rusk\u00fdmi \u00faradmi (v \u010dase vo\u013enom od spamov\u00fdch spr\u00e1v). Tento messenger ako jeden z prv\u00fdch splnil nov\u00e9 po\u017eiadavky vl\u00e1dy: uchov\u00e1va prihlasovacie \u00fadaje a telef\u00f3nne \u010d\u00edsla rusk\u00fdch pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov na \u00fazem\u00ed RF, ale \u00fadaje spr\u00e1v odmieta poskytn\u00fa\u0165 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rbc.ru\/technology_and_media\/24\/03\/2018\/5ab3a8dc9a7947203f9ba284\">odmieta<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 odvol\u00e1va sa na mechanizmus end-to-end \u0161ifrovania a podnikov\u00fd politiku.<\/p>\n<p><b>Apple<\/b> taktie\u017e pou\u017e\u00edva end-to-end, ale pri registr\u00e1cii v iMessage vytv\u00e1ra dva p\u00e1ry k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov: s\u00fakromn\u00fd a verejn\u00fd. Spr\u00e1va, ktor\u00fa obdr\u017e\u00edte od rovnak\u00e9ho vlastn\u00edka Apple zariadenia, sa v\u00e1m posiela so \u0161ifrovan\u00edm, pri ktorom sa pou\u017e\u00edva verejn\u00fd k\u013e\u00fa\u010d. Dek\u00f3dova\u0165 ju m\u00f4\u017ee iba pomocou s\u00fakromn\u00e9ho k\u013e\u00fa\u010da adres\u00e1ta, ktor\u00fd je ulo\u017een\u00fd na jeho zariaden\u00ed. O tom, ako Apple pristupuje k s\u00fakromiu pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov a \u010do urob\u00ed, ak dostane po\u017eiadavku od vl\u00e1dy, si m\u00f4\u017eete pre\u010d\u00edta\u0165 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.apple.com\/ru\/privacy\/government-information-requests\/\">tu.<\/a><\/noindex> Neboli zaznamenan\u00e9 pr\u00edpady, kedy by spolo\u010dnos\u0165 predala \u00fadaje rusk\u00fdch pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov \u00faradom RF. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Nie len VPN. R\u00fdchly sprievodca, ako zabezpe\u010di\u0165 seba a svoje \u00fadaje\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/f7faeb1211db85271e3a91761a4def84.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Zdroj: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.apple.com\/business\/docs\/iOS_Security_Guide.pdf\">https:\/\/www.apple.com\/business\/docs\/iOS_Security_Guide.pdf<\/p>\n<p><\/a><\/noindex><\/i><br \/>\nAle iMessage m\u00e1 dva nedostatky:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Nap\u00edsa\u0165 alebo zavola\u0165 cez tieto kan\u00e1ly m\u00f4\u017eete iba rovnak\u00e9mu majite\u013eovi Apple; \n<\/li>\n<li>Ak m\u00e1te probl\u00e9my s internetov\u00fdm pripojen\u00edm, spr\u00e1va p\u00f4jde cez be\u017en\u00fd mobiln\u00fd kan\u00e1l a stane sa z nej oby\u010dajn\u00e1 SMS, ktor\u00fa je \u013eahk\u00e9 zachyti\u0165. \n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nAby ste predi\u0161li premeneniu iMessage na SMS, m\u00f4\u017eete t\u00fato funkciu vypn\u00fa\u0165 v nastaveniach.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Nie len VPN. R\u00fdchly sprievodca, ako zabezpe\u010di\u0165 seba a svoje \u00fadaje\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/9b5b6fbc2ac7c03b2acd286eb7a27d0a.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\nV\u00fdskumn\u00edci z Electronic Frontier Foundation <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.eff.org\/deeplinks\/2018\/03\/why-we-cant-give-you-recommendation\">tvrdia,<\/a><\/noindex> neexistuje na sto percent bezpe\u010dn\u00fd variant pre volania a spr\u00e1vy. Ak niektor\u00e9 messengery ned\u00e1vaj\u00fa \u00faradom pr\u00edstup k va\u0161im s\u00fakromn\u00fdm \u00fadajom, to e\u0161te neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee to nem\u00f4\u017eu urobi\u0165 hackeri (alebo \u0161t\u00e1t, ktor\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee vyu\u017ei\u0165 ich slu\u017eby). Aby sa u\u017e\u00edvate\u013e c\u00edtil istej\u0161\u00ed, \u017ee neexistuje \u017eiadne man-in-the-middle, Telegram pon\u00faka zauj\u00edmav\u00fa funkciu: pri volan\u00ed sa obidvaja \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci m\u00f4\u017eu uisti\u0165, \u017ee vidia rovnak\u00e9 emoji v pravom hornom rohu obrazovky \u2014 to bude potvrden\u00edm absencie \u201enaru\u0161enia\u201c spojenia.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Nie len VPN. R\u00fdchly sprievodca, ako zabezpe\u010di\u0165 seba a svoje \u00fadaje\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/b543d3b7361c5b194f25dcc4d5e40ebb.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nAk potrebujete spo\u013eahlivej\u0161\u00ed sp\u00f4sob komunik\u00e1cie, odpor\u00fa\u010dame nielen pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 tajn\u00e9 chaty, hesl\u00e1 a dvojstup\u0148ov\u00fa \/ dvojfaktorov\u00fa autentifik\u00e1ciu, ale aj zv\u00e1\u017ei\u0165 menej popul\u00e1rne \u0161pecializovan\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie ako napr\u00edklad <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/getconfide.com\/\">Confide<\/a><\/noindex> alebo <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/signal.org\/\">Signal<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Nie len VPN. R\u00fdchly sprievodca, ako zabezpe\u010di\u0165 seba a svoje \u00fadaje\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/548ffb4883b1ea7185d90c24eefe83f6.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Ja pou\u017e\u00edvam Signal ka\u017ed\u00fd de\u0148. #pozn\u00e1mkypreFBI (Spoiler: u\u017e to vedia)<\/i><\/p>\n<h3>Elektronick\u00e1 po\u0161ta<\/h3>\n<p>\nPopul\u00e1rne spolo\u010dnosti, ktor\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 svoje e-mailov\u00e9 klienty (v Rusku to s\u00fa Yandex, Mail.Ru a Rambler), u\u017e s\u00fa zahrnut\u00e9 do registra ORI, a preto nie s\u00fa pr\u00edli\u0161 bezpe\u010dn\u00e9. \u00c1no, Mail.Ru Group <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/roskomsvoboda.org\/40808\/\">vyz\u00fdva na zastavenie<\/a><\/noindex> trestn\u00fdch \u010dinov za memy a amnestiu ods\u00faden\u00fdch, ale m\u00f4\u017ee odovzda\u0165 inform\u00e1cie o va\u0161ich \u00fadajoch \u00faradom na prv\u00e9 po\u017eiadanie.<\/p>\n<p>Aj ke\u010f pou\u017e\u00edvate z\u00e1padn\u00e9 e-mailov\u00e9 klienty ako Gmail alebo Outlook, zapli ste dvojfaktorov\u00fa autentifik\u00e1ciu a viete, \u017ee v\u00e1\u0161 e-mail je \u0161ifrovan\u00fd spo\u013eahliv\u00fdm protokolom SSL \/ TLS, nem\u00f4\u017eete si by\u0165 ist\u00ed, \u017ee e-mail v\u00e1\u0161ho adres\u00e1ta je taktie\u017e chr\u00e1nen\u00fd. <\/p>\n<p><b>Mo\u017enosti ochrany:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Pri zasielan\u00ed citliv\u00fdch inform\u00e1ci\u00ed \u0161ifrova\u0165 e-maily pomocou Pretty Good Privacy (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.symantec.com\/products\">PGP<\/a><\/noindex>). Tento program pom\u00e1ha premeni\u0165 \u00fadaje z e-mailu na bezv\u00fdznamn\u00fd s\u00fabor znakov pre ka\u017ed\u00e9ho, okrem odosielate\u013ea a prij\u00edmate\u013ea;\n<\/li>\n<li>Pri zasielan\u00ed d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdch inform\u00e1ci\u00ed v\u017edy venova\u0165 pozornos\u0165 dom\u00e9ne adres\u00e1ta a nep\u00edsa\u0165 na podozriv\u00fa adresu;\n<\/li>\n<li>Vopred sa op\u00fdta\u0165 adres\u00e1ta, \u010di nem\u00e1 nastaven\u00e9 preposielanie alebo zber po\u0161ty cez rusk\u00fd e-mailov\u00fd servis. \n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nV pr\u00edpade dom\u00e1cich spolo\u010dnost\u00ed z registra ORI \u017eiadne \u0161ifrovanie na strane pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea v z\u00e1sade nepom\u00f4\u017ee. Inform\u00e1cie sa nezachyt\u00e1vaj\u00fa, ale ukladaj\u00fa a pren\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa koncov\u00fdmi bodmi \u2014 podobn\u00fdmi slu\u017ebami. Rie\u0161en\u00edm m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 len ich v\u00fdmena za bezpe\u010dnej\u0161ie alternat\u00edvy ako ProtonMail, Tutanota alebo Hushmail. Viac tak\u00fdchto emailov\u00fdch slu\u017eieb n\u00e1jdete na <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.prxbx.com\/email\/\">tejto<\/a><\/noindex> str\u00e1nke.<\/p>\n<h3>Soci\u00e1lne siete<\/h3>\n<p>\nNa za\u010diatok minimalizujte svoj pobyt na popul\u00e1rnych rusk\u00fdch soci\u00e1lnych sie\u0165ach \u2014 \u201eM\u00f4j svet\u201c, \u201eOdnoklassniki\u201c a \u201eVKontakte\u201c. Facebook aspo\u0148 nepreber\u00e1 va\u0161e \u00fadaje rusk\u00fdm bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdm slu\u017eb\u00e1m. Aspo\u0148 sa tak\u00e9to pr\u00edpady nezaznamenali. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Nie len VPN. R\u00fdchly sprievodca, ako zabezpe\u010di\u0165 seba a svoje \u00fadaje\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/61d52399031a50e89037b39219a32340.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nAle zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee v roku 2017 spolo\u010dnos\u0165 st\u00e1le splnila 85% po\u017eiadaviek od vl\u00e1dy USA:<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/transparency.facebook.com\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Nie len VPN. R\u00fdchly sprievodca, ako zabezpe\u010di\u0165 seba a svoje \u00fadaje\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/aa8a83f7ba970e07f3b2881b7f09004a.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><i>Sn\u00edmky obrazovky z <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/transparency.facebook.com\/\">Facebook Transparency Report<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n<p>Ak ste sa na VK pr\u00edli\u0161 zvykli, ale nechcete sa ocitn\u00fa\u0165 na lavici ob\u017ealovan\u00fdch, venujte pozornos\u0165 nieko\u013ek\u00fdm veciam: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>va\u0161e ulo\u017een\u00e9 obr\u00e1zky;\n<\/li>\n<li>pr\u00edspevky, koment\u00e1re a spr\u00e1vy, ktor\u00e9 p\u00ed\u0161ete;\n<\/li>\n<li>pr\u00edspevky, ktor\u00e9 lajkujete;\n<\/li>\n<li>pr\u00edspevky, ktor\u00e9 zdie\u013eate;\n<\/li>\n<li>pou\u017e\u00edvatelia, s ktor\u00fdmi sa priatel\u00edte.\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nVo v\u0161etkom vy\u0161\u0161ie uvedenom je lep\u0161ie sa vyhn\u00fa\u0165 tomu, \u010do by sa dalo pova\u017eova\u0165 za ur\u00e1\u017eaj\u00face alebo extremistick\u00e9. V\u017edy pam\u00e4tajte, \u017ee \u201e\u0161\u00edren\u00edm\u201c je spr\u00e1va \u201eneleg\u00e1lnych\u201c inform\u00e1ci\u00ed aspo\u0148 jedn\u00e9mu \u010dloveku. <b>Pr\u00e1vnik medzin\u00e1rodnej pr\u00e1vnickej skupiny \u201eAgora\u201c Damir Gajnutdinov tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee pod\u013ea z\u00e1kona ORI <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/daily.afisha.ru\/brain\/9723-chto-udalit-so-stranicy-vo-vkontakte-chtoby-ne-popast-pod-sud-obyasnyaet-yurist-agory\/\">s\u00fa povinn\u00e9 uchov\u00e1va\u0165 a pren\u00e1\u0161a\u0165 <\/a><\/noindex>org\u00e1nom \u010dinn\u00fdm v trestnom konan\u00ed aj n\u00e1vrhy neodoslan\u00fdch spr\u00e1v<\/b>. E\u0161te o tom, ako sa nedosta\u0165 do basy za repost, \u010d\u00edtajte <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@fck_rkn\/%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BA-%D0%BD%D0%B5-%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C-%D0%B7%D0%B0-%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82-%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8-%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BC-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%84%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9-%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8B-240511cc8bfb\">tu.<\/p>\n<p><\/a><\/noindex>Mimochodom, od ur\u010ditej doby m\u00f4\u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd, kto m\u00e1 va\u0161e telef\u00f3nne \u010d\u00edslo, zvy\u010dajne v\u00e1s n\u00e1js\u0165 vo VKontakte, aj ke\u010f samotn\u00e1 str\u00e1nka ni\u010d nevykazuje o va\u0161ej skuto\u010dnej identite. <\/p>\n<p><b>Zak\u00e1za\u0165 n\u00e1jdenie pod\u013ea \u010d\u00edsla m\u00f4\u017eete v nastaveniach profilu (Nastavenia \u2192 Ochrana s\u00fakromia \u2192 Spojenie so mnou)<\/b>. Ale to, samozrejme, nezachr\u00e1ni pred bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdmi slu\u017ebami. Nepou\u017e\u00edvajte hovory a video spojenia vo VKontakte: nie je zn\u00e1me, \u010di sie\u0165 naozaj \u0161ifruje ich end-to-end, ako tvrd\u00ed administr\u00e1cia.<\/p>\n<h3>Bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 str\u00e1nok<\/h3>\n<p>\nJedn\u00e1 sa o jedin\u00e9 dobr\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy, \u017ee <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/company\/globalsign\/blog\/349428\/\">viac ako polovica<\/a><\/noindex> V\u0161etky popul\u00e1rne webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky na internete u\u017e maj\u00fa verziu https alebo sa \u00faplne prepli na pou\u017e\u00edvanie iba https verzi\u00ed. Z\u00edskavan\u00e9 a pren\u00e1\u0161an\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie na tak\u00fdchto str\u00e1nkach s\u00fa \u0161ifrovan\u00e9 a nem\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 pre\u010d\u00edtan\u00e9 tret\u00edmi stranami. Tieto zdroje s\u00fa ozna\u010den\u00e9 zelenou farbou a slovom \u201echr\u00e1nen\u00e9\u201c. <\/p>\n<p>Na tejto dobrej spr\u00e1ve to kon\u010d\u00ed. Napriek protokolu https fakt, \u017ee nav\u0161tevujete tak\u00fato str\u00e1nku, a DNS po\u017eiadavky (inform\u00e1cie o tom, na ak\u00e9 dom\u00e9ny ste sa prihlasovali) s\u00fa st\u00e1le vidite\u013en\u00e9 pre internetov\u00e9ho poskytovate\u013ea. <\/p>\n<p>Ale e\u0161te hor\u0161ia je in\u00e1 spr\u00e1va: zost\u00e1vaj\u00faca polovica webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nok funguje na be\u017enom protokole http, teda bez \u0161ifrovania \u00fadajov. Rie\u0161en\u00edm m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 VPN, ktor\u00e1 \u0161ifruje absol\u00fatne v\u0161etky prij\u00edman\u00e9 a pren\u00e1\u0161an\u00e9 \u00fadaje tak, \u017ee na strane internetov\u00e9ho poskytovate\u013ea a ka\u017ed\u00e9ho, kto sa pok\u00fasi prenikn\u00fa\u0165 medzi v\u00e1s a kone\u010dn\u00fa str\u00e1nku, nie s\u00fa \u017eiadne \u010ditate\u013en\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie. Jedin\u00e9, \u010do bude vidie\u0165 \u2014 je fakt pripojenia k istej IP adrese na internete (teda k VPN serveru). A viac ni\u010d.<\/p>\n<p>Budeme \u0161\u0165astn\u00ed, ak sa \u017eivot naozaj zrazu stane tak jednoduch\u00fdm: zapnite VPN a zabudnite na \u00fanik citliv\u00fdch inform\u00e1ci\u00ed. Ale nie je to tak. Pravidelne kontrolujte, \u010di sa v\u00e1\u0161 ob\u013e\u00faben\u00fd zdroj nedostal do registra ORI, sledujte, ako interaguje s \u00faradmi, kontrolujte akt\u00edvne pripojenia v nastaveniach messengerov a soci\u00e1lnych siet\u00ed a maza\u0165 podozriv\u00e9 (a potom ur\u010dite zme\u0148te hesl\u00e1). <\/p>\n<h3>Glob\u00e1lne<\/h3>\n<p>\nPri pr\u00e1ci s komunika\u010dn\u00fdmi kan\u00e1lmi a pren\u00e1\u0161an\u00edm \u00fadajov m\u00e1 zmysel iba komplexn\u00fd pr\u00edstup k bezpe\u010dnosti a d\u00f4vernosti. Sledujte udalosti v oblasti internetovej bezpe\u010dnosti na na\u0161om telegramovom kan\u00e1li <noindex><b>@hidemyname_sk<\/b><\/noindex>, na str\u00e1nke <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/roskomsvoboda.org\/\"><b>Roskomsvoody<\/b><\/a><\/noindex> a na \u010fal\u0161\u00edch zdrojoch, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa venovan\u00e9 udalostiam v internete a v ru-net konkr\u00e9tne. <\/p>\n<p>Ak\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 opatrenia podnik\u00e1te vy?<br \/>\n<br \/>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/hidemy_name\/blog\/439848\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442, \u0425\u0430\u0431\u0440. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043c\u044b, VPN-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441 HideMy.name. \u0421\u0435\u0439\u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0435 HideMyna.me. \u041f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443? 20 \u0438\u044e\u043b\u044f 2018 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0434\u0437\u043e\u0440 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u0432 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u041c\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0419\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0430\u0440-\u041e\u043b\u0435. \u0421\u0443\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043b, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u044d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043c #\u0431\u0435\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438\u0438\u0441\u043c\u0441, \u0430 \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c-\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0451\u043b \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0451\u043c \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0443 \u00ab\u041c\u0430\u0439\u043d \u041a\u0430\u043c\u043f\u0444\u00bb \u0410\u0434\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0444\u0430 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":23799,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31943","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - 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