{"id":33579,"date":"2019-10-31T21:53:23","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:53:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/internet-dlya-dachnika-dobyvaem-maksimalnuyu-skorost-v-setyah-4g-chast-2-vybor-vneshnej-antenny\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:53:23","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:53:23","slug":"internet-dlya-dachnika-dobyvaem-maksimalnuyu-skorost-v-setyah-4g-chast-2-vybor-vneshnej-antenny","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/administrirovanie\/internet-dlya-dachnika-dobyvaem-maksimalnuyu-skorost-v-setyah-4g-chast-2-vybor-vneshnej-antenny","title":{"rendered":"Internet pre chalup\u00e1ra. Vyu\u017e\u00edvame maxim\u00e1lnu r\u00fdchlos\u0165 v sie\u0165ach 4G. \u010cas\u0165 2. V\u00fdber extern\u00fdch ant\u00e9n.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Ned\u00e1vno som vykon\u00e1val porovn\u00e1vacie testovanie LTE routerov<\/a><\/noindex> a celkom o\u010dak\u00e1vane sa uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee v\u00fdkon a citlivos\u0165 r\u00e1diov\u00fdch modulov sa medzi nimi podstatne l\u00ed\u0161ia. Ke\u010f som k routerom pripojil ant\u00e9nu, r\u00fdchlos\u0165 sa zn\u00e1sobila. To ma priviedlo k my\u0161lienke uskuto\u010dni\u0165 porovn\u00e1vacie testovanie ant\u00e9n, ktor\u00e9 umo\u017enia nielen zabezpe\u010di\u0165 pripojenie v s\u00fakromnom dome, ale aj dosiahnu\u0165 kvalitu porovnate\u013en\u00fa s mestsk\u00fdm bytom pripojen\u00fdm cez k\u00e1bel. To, ako testovanie dopadlo, sa dozviete ni\u017e\u0161ie. Tradi\u010dne som pripravil video pre t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed sa rad\u0161ej pozeraj\u00fa, ne\u017e \u010d\u00edtaj\u00fa.<\/p>\n

\r\n \"Prehrajte\r\n
<\/div>\r\n <\/div><\/center>
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nMetodika testovania<\/b>
\nBez norm\u00e1lneho \u0161trukt\u00farneho pr\u00edstupu nie je mo\u017en\u00e9 dosiahnu\u0165 kvalitn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky, pri\u010dom cie\u013eom tohto testu bol v\u00fdber najlep\u0161ej ant\u00e9ny pre maxim\u00e1lne r\u00fdchlostn\u00fd pr\u00edstup na Internet. Ako referen\u010dn\u00fd bod merania bol vybran\u00fd router Zyxel LTE3316-M604<\/a><\/noindex>, ktor\u00fd v predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facom teste opr\u00e1vnene obsadil prv\u00e9 miesto. Tento pr\u00edstroj m\u00f4\u017ee fungova\u0165 ako so be\u017en\u00fdm k\u00e1blov\u00fdm poskytovate\u013eom, vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fac z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00fd kan\u00e1l 3G\/4G v pr\u00edpade potreby, tak aj plne auton\u00f3mne s pou\u017eit\u00edm mobiln\u00fdch siet\u00ed 3G a 4G. V mojom teste bola pou\u017eit\u00e1 len sie\u0165 4G, preto\u017ee sa cez \u0148u pren\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa iba d\u00e1tov\u00e9 prenosy a za\u0165a\u017eenie hlasov\u00e9ho toku nem\u00e1 vplyv na tento komunika\u010dn\u00fd kan\u00e1l.
\nNa testovanie som vybral tri r\u00f4zne ant\u00e9ny, ktor\u00e9 patrili do r\u00f4znych typov: prv\u00fdm testom, na z\u00edskanie \u010d\u00edstych hodn\u00f4t, router pracoval bez extern\u00fdch ant\u00e9n, pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fac iba vstavan\u00e9 ant\u00e9ny. Druh\u00fdm testom bola pripojen\u00e1 ant\u00e9na s kruhovou charakteristikou smerovania. V tre\u0165om teste bola vyu\u017eit\u00e1 panelov\u00e1 ant\u00e9na s u\u017e\u0161ou smerovou charakteristikou, ktor\u00e1 bola pou\u017eit\u00e1 v predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facom teste. A \u0161tvrt\u00fdm krokom bolo testovanie \u00fazko smerovej mrie\u017ekovej parabolickej ant\u00e9ny.
\nV\u0161etky merania r\u00fdchlosti sa uskuto\u010dnili v pracovn\u00fd de\u0148 po\u010das denn\u00e9ho \u010dasu, aby bola z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e na z\u00e1klad\u0148ov\u00fa stanicu minim\u00e1lna a r\u00fdchlos\u0165 s\u0165ahovania maxim\u00e1lna. V ka\u017edej f\u00e1ze sa test vykonal trikr\u00e1t a vypo\u010d\u00edtala sa priemern\u00e1 hodnota r\u00fdchlosti s\u0165ahovania a odosielania. Router bol pripojen\u00fd k tej istej BN, ant\u00e9ny boli nastaven\u00e9 pod\u013ea sign\u00e1lov\u00fdch \u00fadajov v webovom rozhran\u00ed routera.
\nTak som vytvoril denn\u00e9 grafy hodnoty r\u00fdchlosti s\u0165ahovania a odovzd\u00e1vania d\u00e1t v mojej oblasti, \u010do kr\u00e1sne demon\u0161truje pou\u017e\u00edvanie internetu. Predpoklad\u00e1m, \u017ee u poskytovate\u013ea bude pribli\u017ene rovnak\u00fd obraz za\u0165a\u017eenia na BS. Zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee graf s\u0165ahovania r\u00fdchlo kol\u00ed\u0161e, zatia\u013e \u010do graf odovzd\u00e1vania prakticky ost\u00e1va nezmenen\u00fd \u2014 to nazna\u010duje, \u017ee pou\u017e\u00edvatelia viac s\u0165ahuj\u00fa ne\u017e odovzd\u00e1vaj\u00fa d\u00e1ta.<\/p>\n

\"Internet
\n
\nGSM\/3G\/4G FREGAT MIMO<\/a><\/noindex><\/b>
\nCena: 4800 \u20ac<\/p>\n

\"Internet
\n
\nTTS: <\/b>
\nFrekven\u010dn\u00e9 p\u00e1sma, MHz: 700\u2013960, 1700\u20132700
\nZisk, dB: 2 x 6
\nPovolen\u00fd prenosov\u00fd v\u00fdkon: 10 W
\nRozmery, cm: 37 x \u00d86,5
\nHmotnos\u0165, gramov: 840<\/i><\/p>\n

\"Internet
\n
\nZa\u010dneme testovan\u00edm ant\u00e9ny s kruhov\u00fdm vy\u017earovac\u00edm diagramom. T\u00e1to ant\u00e9na nem\u00e1 \u017eiadny extr\u00e9mne vysok\u00fd zisk, ale podporuje technol\u00f3giu MIMO, to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee ide o dve ant\u00e9ny v jednom puzdre. Okrem toho je hermetick\u00e1 a m\u00e1 hne\u010f namontovan\u00e9 k\u00e1blov\u00e9 zostavy s d\u013a\u017ekou 5 metrov. Frekven\u010dn\u00e9 p\u00e1smo pokr\u00fdva v\u0161etky segmenty od GSM po LTE, tak\u017ee podporuje siete 2G\/3G\/4G. S\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou balenia je upevnenie na sto\u017eiar alebo priamo na stenu. A teraz sa pozrime, v ak\u00fdch situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch sa m\u00f4\u017ee pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165, ke\u010f m\u00e1 tak\u00e9to rozmery a zisk. Prv\u00e9, \u010do ma napadne, s\u00fa tienen\u00e9 priestory: polopivni\u010dn\u00e9 alebo pivni\u010dn\u00e9, kovov\u00fd sklad alebo hang\u00e1r, lo\u010f \u010di \u010dln. Vo v\u0161etk\u00fdch t\u00fdchto pr\u00edpadoch \u017eelezobet\u00f3n a kov dobre tienen extern\u00fd sign\u00e1l, a ak vonku r\u00e1diov\u00e1 technika funguje skvele, vo vn\u00fatri m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 \u00faplne ch\u00fdba\u0165 pr\u00edjem. V tomto pr\u00edpade t\u00e1to ant\u00e9na vyrie\u0161i probl\u00e9m s pripojen\u00edm. M\u00f4\u017ee sa pou\u017ei\u0165 nielen pre router, ale aj pre repetitor. Ale pr\u00e1ve pre router dok\u00e1\u017ee plne vyu\u017ei\u0165 svoj potenci\u00e1l, a kruhov\u00fd vy\u017earovac\u00ed diagram funguje dobre na pohybuj\u00facich sa objektoch, bez potreby nastavovania ant\u00e9ny na nejak\u00fa jednu ve\u017eu. V mojom pr\u00edpade bola r\u00fdchlos\u0165 s ant\u00e9nou o nie\u010do ni\u017e\u0161ia ako bez nej, preto\u017ee zisk ant\u00e9ny je podobn\u00fd ako zisk vstavan\u00fdch ant\u00e9n v routeri, a na 5-metrov\u00fdch k\u00e1blov\u00fdch link\u00e1ch doch\u00e1dza k strat\u00e1m.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

+<\/h2>\n

<\/b> Hotov\u00fd komplet s upevnen\u00edm a namontovan\u00fdm k\u00e1blom, vhodn\u00fd pre tienen\u00e9 priestory, hermetick\u00fd
\n<\/p>\n

\u2014<\/h2>\n

<\/b> M\u00e1 n\u00edzky zisk<\/p>\n

OMEGA 3G\/4G MIMO<\/a><\/noindex><\/b>
\nCena: 4500 \u20ac<\/p>\n

\"Internet
\n
\nTTS:<\/b>
\nFrekven\u010dn\u00fd rozsah, MHz: 1700-2700
\nZiskov\u00fd koeficient, dB: 2×16-18
\nPovolen\u00fd prenosov\u00fd v\u00fdkon: 50 W
\nRozmery, cm: 45 x 45 x 6
\nHmotnos\u0165, gramov: 2900<\/i><\/p>\n

\"Internet
\n
\nDruh\u00e1 ant\u00e9na funguje u\u017e nieko\u013eko rokov a z\u00fa\u010dastnila sa predch\u00e1dzaj\u00faceho testu. Preuk\u00e1zala sa ve\u013emi dobre pri pr\u00e1ci ako priamo s ve\u017eou, tak aj s odrazen\u00fdm sign\u00e1lom. Ke\u010f\u017ee m\u00e1 u\u017e\u0161iu smerovos\u0165 ako v\u0161esmerov\u00e1 ant\u00e9na, jej zisk sa zv\u00fd\u0161il a\u017e na 16-18 dBi, v z\u00e1vislosti od frekvencie sign\u00e1lu. Okrem toho pracuje v re\u017eime MIMO, \u010do prispieva k zv\u00fd\u0161eniu r\u00fdchlosti. \u0160tandardn\u00e9 upevnenie na sto\u017eiar umo\u017e\u0148uje nastavenie ako horizont\u00e1lne, tak vertik\u00e1lne. Upevnenie tie\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje oto\u010di\u0165 ant\u00e9nu o 45 stup\u0148ov na zmenu polariz\u00e1cie \u2014 to niekedy prin\u00e1\u0161a zisk nieko\u013ek\u00fdch megabitov. Ve\u013ek\u00e1, hermetick\u00e1 a efekt\u00edvna! Ak bez tejto ant\u00e9ny boli hodnoty RSRP\/SINR -106\/10, s panelovou ant\u00e9nou vzr\u00e1stli na -98\/11. To viedlo k zv\u00fd\u0161eniu r\u00fdchlosti s\u0165ahovania zo 13 na 28 Mbit\/s a uploadu z 12 na 16 Mbit\/s. To znamen\u00e1 dvojn\u00e1sobn\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161enie r\u00fdchlosti s\u0165ahovania na tej istej BTS \u2014 vynikaj\u00faci v\u00fdsledok. Okrem toho ant\u00e9na, v\u010faka mal\u00e9mu uhlu, umo\u017e\u0148uje odfiltrova\u0165 bli\u017e\u0161ie, ale viac za\u0165a\u017een\u00e9 z\u00e1klad\u0148ov\u00e9 stanice a prepn\u00fa\u0165 sa na in\u00e9, menej za\u0165a\u017een\u00e9. Je potrebn\u00e9 len zoh\u013eadni\u0165, \u017ee k\u00e1blov\u00e9 zostavy by mali by\u0165 \u010do najkrat\u0161ie, aby sa zabr\u00e1nilo strate sign\u00e1lu v k\u00e1bloch.<\/p>\n

+<\/b><\/h2>\n

Zosilnenie sign\u00e1lu umo\u017e\u0148uje zdvojn\u00e1sobi\u0165 r\u00fdchlos\u0165, smerovos\u0165 umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00fdber menej za\u0165a\u017eenej BTS, pohodln\u00e1 mont\u00e1\u017ena s\u00faprava, za nieko\u013eko rokov nestratila svoje vlastnosti<\/p>\n

\u2014<\/b><\/h2>\n

Pri rozmere 45x45 centimetrov m\u00e1 plochos\u0165, \u010do si vy\u017eaduje kvalitn\u00fd z\u00e1klad pre upevnenie<\/p>\n

PRISMA 3G\/4G MIMO<\/a><\/noindex><\/b>
\nCena: 6000 \u0440<\/p>\n

\"Internet
\n
\nTTS:<\/b>
\nFrekven\u010dn\u00fd rozsah, MHz: 1700\u20132700
\nZisk: 25 dB pri frekvencii 1700\u20131880 MHz, 26 dB pri frekvencii 1900\u20132175 MHz, 27 dB pri frekvencii 2600\u20132700 MHz
\nMaxim\u00e1lna vstupn\u00e1 energia: 100 W
\nRozmery, cm: 90 x 81 x 36
\nHmotnos\u0165, gramov: 3200<\/i><\/p>\n

\"Internet
\n
\nParabolick\u00e1 mrie\u017ekov\u00e1 ant\u00e9na je pozoruhodn\u00e1 sama osebe \u2014 m\u00e1 impozantn\u00e9 rozmery 90x81 centimetrov. Nie je gu\u013eat\u00e1, ako je obvykl\u00e9 pri satelitn\u00fdch ant\u00e9nach, \u010do pozit\u00edvne ovplyv\u0148uje jej smerov\u00fa diagramu. Okrem toho mrie\u017ekov\u00e9 prevedenie v\u00fdrazne zni\u017euje plochos\u0165 \u2014 vietor jednoducho prech\u00e1dza cez \u0148u a na zameran\u00ed sign\u00e1lu to takmer nem\u00e1 vplyv. Ant\u00e9na funguje v frekven\u010dnom p\u00e1sme od 1700 do 2700 MHz. Existuj\u00fa tri polohy vysiela\u010da: po jednej pre ka\u017ed\u00fa frekvenciu. V n\u00e1vode je jasne uk\u00e1zan\u00e9, ako umiestni\u0165 vysiela\u010d vzh\u013eadom na ant\u00e9nu, aby sa dosiahlo maxim\u00e1lne zosilnenie pri po\u017eadovanej frekvencii, tak\u017ee najprv treba vedie\u0165, na ak\u00fdch frekvenci\u00e1ch pracuje v\u00e1\u0161 poskytovate\u013e. Tu prich\u00e1dza na pomoc webov\u00e9 rozhranie routera, v ktorom sa ve\u013emi jednoducho ukazuje pracovn\u00e1 frekvencia. Pr\u00e1ca s touto ant\u00e9nou je trochu zlo\u017eit\u00e1, vy\u017eaduje presn\u00e9 nastavenie, preto\u017ee uhol smerovania je ve\u013emi mal\u00fd. Zrejmou v\u00fdhodou tak\u00e9ho rie\u0161enia je mo\u017enos\u0165 presn\u00e9ho smerovania na po\u017eadovan\u00fa z\u00e1klad\u0148ov\u00fa stanicu, aj ke\u010f s\u00fa nieko\u013eko stan\u00edc umiestnen\u00fdch skoro v priamke. Nev\u00fdhody s\u00fa tie\u017e: \u010das nastavenia na z\u00e1klad\u0148ovej stanici sa zna\u010dne predl\u017euje a pr\u00e1ca s odrazen\u00fdm sign\u00e1lom sa st\u00e1va zlo\u017eitej\u0161ou. Ale najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ie je zosilnenie. To sa pohybuje od 25 do 27 dBi. V mojom pr\u00edpade to umo\u017enilo zosilni\u0165 sign\u00e1l z p\u00f4vodn\u00fdch RSRP\/SINR -106\/10 na -90\/19 dBi, a r\u00fdchlos\u0165 pr\u00edjmu vzr\u00e1stla z 13 na 41 Mbit\/s, odosielanie z 12 na 21 Mbit\/s. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee r\u00fdchlos\u0165 pr\u00edjmu vzr\u00e1stla viac ako trikr\u00e1t! A v od\u013eahl\u00fdch oblastiach, kde mobiln\u00e1 sie\u0165 m\u00f4\u017ee v\u00f4bec nefungova\u0165, je celkom re\u00e1lne zachyti\u0165 sign\u00e1l ako 3G, tak aj 4G za nieko\u013eko desiatok kilometrov!<\/p>\n

+<\/b><\/h2>\n

Vynikaj\u00face zosilnenie, mrie\u017ekov\u00e9 prevedenie zni\u017euje plochos\u0165, mo\u017enos\u0165 prisp\u00f4sobenia vysiela\u010da na po\u017eadovan\u00fa frekvenciu.<\/p>\n

\u2014<\/b><\/h2>\n

Rozmery<\/p>\n

Zhrnutie v\u00fdsledkov<\/b>
\n\"Internet
\n\"Internet
\n
\nPorovn\u00e1vacie testovanie uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee aj bez ant\u00e9ny, pri dobrom vyv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed (10 m nad zemou), router Zyxel LTE3316-M604 m\u00f4\u017ee zabezpe\u010di\u0165 prijate\u013en\u00fa r\u00fdchlos\u0165 pr\u00e1ce s internetom. Ale router nem\u00f4\u017eete necha\u0165 vonku, tak\u017ee t\u00e1to mo\u017enos\u0165 je vhodn\u00e1 do bytu, kancel\u00e1rie, ale nie tam, kde je ve\u017ea vidite\u013en\u00e1 len s \u010falekoh\u013eadom.
\nAnt\u00e9na FREGAT MIMO je vhodn\u00e1 pre t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed z r\u00f4znych d\u00f4vodov nem\u00f4\u017eu z\u00edska\u0165 r\u00e1diov\u00fd sign\u00e1l na mieste in\u0161tal\u00e1cie smerova\u010da. M\u00f4\u017eu to by\u0165 tienen\u00e9 steny, n\u00edzka poloha alebo in\u00e9 ru\u0161enia. Dve ant\u00e9ny v jedinom kryte zabezpe\u010dia podporu technol\u00f3gie MIMO, \u010do by malo zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 r\u00fdchlos\u0165 pr\u00e1ce.
\n\u010co sa t\u00fdka panelovej ant\u00e9ny OMEGA 3G\/4G MIMO, preuk\u00e1zala sa ako ve\u013emi kvalitn\u00e1. Pr\u00e1ca s priamym aj odrazen\u00fdm sign\u00e1lom, mno\u017estvo mo\u017enost\u00ed mont\u00e1\u017ee, dobr\u00fd zisk. Mal\u00e9 rozmery nezais\u0165uj\u00fa ve\u013ek\u00fa plachtovos\u0165, zatia\u013e \u010do n\u00e1rast r\u00fdchlosti je vidite\u013en\u00fd. M\u00f4\u017eete si ju bez ob\u00e1v zaobstara\u0165, ak je sign\u00e1l 3G\/4G, ale ve\u013emi slab\u00fd alebo v\u00f4bec nie je.
\nParabolick\u00e1 sie\u0165ov\u00e1 ant\u00e9na PRISMA 3G\/4G MIMO je ur\u010den\u00e1 pre najbezn\u00e1dejnej\u0161\u00edch, preto\u017ee s tak\u00fdm zosilnen\u00edm a mo\u017enos\u0165ou presn\u00e9ho nastavenia na BS je mo\u017en\u00e9 z\u00edska\u0165 spojenie aj v najod\u013eahlej\u0161ej dedine, ak sa v radiuse nieko\u013ek\u00fdch desiatok kilometrov nach\u00e1dza z\u00e1kladn\u00e1 stanica mobiln\u00e9ho oper\u00e1tora.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1ver<\/b><\/p>\n

Moment\u00e1lne som nechal pracova\u0165 ant\u00e9nu OMEGA 3G\/4G MIMO. Musel som trochu presun\u00fa\u0165 nosn\u00fa ty\u010d na stene, preto\u017ee rozmery ant\u00e9ny vy\u017eaduj\u00fa svoje podmienky. Pri k\u00e1bli dlhom 3 metre a vybranom smerova\u010di som dosahoval r\u00fdchlosti a\u017e 50 Mbit\/s, ke\u010f bola BS najmenej za\u0165a\u017een\u00e1. To sa bl\u00ed\u017ei k teoretick\u00e9mu limitu r\u00fdchlosti 75 Mbit\/s pri existuj\u00facich podmienkach pr\u00e1ce BS: frekvencia Band3 -1800 MHz, \u0161\u00edrka kan\u00e1la 10 MHz. Hlavn\u00e9 je, \u017ee pri vzdialenosti v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ej ako 8 km od z\u00e1kladnej stanice sa mi podarilo z\u00edska\u0165 r\u00fdchlosti bl\u00edzke t\u00fdm, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eete ma\u0165 v tesnej bl\u00edzkosti ve\u017ee. Uvediem ako pr\u00edklad obr\u00e1zok pokrytia r\u00e1diov\u00fdm sign\u00e1lom pri pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed r\u00f4znych frekvenci\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"Internet
\n
\nNa z\u00e1ver poviem, \u017ee zabezpe\u010di\u0165 si dobr\u00fd internet na chate alebo v rodinnom dome je v\u017edy mo\u017en\u00e9. Nebojte sa nezn\u00e1meho vybavenia: pre v\u00fdber 3G\/4G smerova\u010da si jednoducho pre\u010d\u00edtajte m\u00f4j predch\u00e1dzaj\u00faci \u010dl\u00e1nok. A pri v\u00fdbere ant\u00e9ny sa obr\u00e1\u0165te na t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed sa nimi v\u00e1\u017ene zaoberaj\u00fa \u2014 tam v\u00e1m vyber\u00fa optim\u00e1lne rie\u0161enie a dokonca priprav\u00ed v\u0161etky k\u00e1blov\u00e9 zostavy. V\u00e1m na mieste ostane len v\u0161etko pripoji\u0165. Prajem ve\u013ea \u0161\u0165astia, dobr\u00fd ping a stabiln\u00fa r\u00fdchlos\u0165!
\n
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