{"id":33704,"date":"2019-10-31T21:54:15","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:54:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/kak-i-zachem-rabotat-medlennee-metod-sergeya-korolyova\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:54:15","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:54:15","slug":"kak-i-zachem-rabotat-medlennee-metod-sergeya-korolyova","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/kak-i-zachem-rabotat-medlennee-metod-sergeya-korolyova","title":{"rendered":"Ako a pre\u010do pracova\u0165 pomal\u0161ie? Met\u00f3da Sergeja Koroleva","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Ako
\n
\nBud\u00faci \u201eotec\u201c sovietskej kozmonautiky Sergej Koroljov \u2014 v strede. V\u00e1\u0161e\u0148 pre letectvo sa u\u0148ho zrodila v mladosti, ke\u010f sa zap\u00edsal do placht\u00e1rskeho kr\u00fa\u017eku. E\u0161te ho \u010dakaj\u00fa \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 sk\u00fa\u0161ky, ale jeho mlad\u00edcky el\u00e1n mu zostane na cel\u00fd \u017eivot.<\/i> Pozn\u00e1mka<\/u>: fotografia bola farebne upraven\u00e1 pomocou slu\u017eby<\/a><\/noindex> od Mail.ru. Ich neur\u00f3nov\u00e1 sie\u0165 sa s t\u00fdm vyrovnala ove\u013ea lep\u0161ie ako, napr\u00edklad, toto algoritmus<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

\u201eM\u00f4\u017ee\u0161 to urobi\u0165 r\u00fdchlo, ale zle, alebo pomaly, ale dobre. O nejak\u00fd \u010das si v\u0161etci zabudn\u00fa, \u017ee to bolo r\u00fdchlo, ale bud\u00fa si pam\u00e4ta\u0165, \u017ee to bolo zle. A naopak.\u201c<\/i>
\nSergej Koroljov, kon\u0161truktor<\/b><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\nK t\u00fdmto slov\u00e1m by sa u\u017e \u010fal\u0161ie ni\u010d doda\u0165 nemuselo. Ale po pre\u010d\u00edtan\u00ed tejto cit\u00e1cie m\u00f4\u017eu osta\u0165 ot\u00e1zky, a my tu, predsa len, nie sme zbierkou \u201ecit\u00e1tov \u00faspe\u0161n\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed\u201c, preto sa odv\u00e1\u017eim pokra\u010dova\u0165. Kto z n\u00e1s sa niekedy nestal pred dilemou medzi dosiahnut\u00edm okam\u017eit\u00fdch v\u00fdsledkov a zabezpe\u010den\u00edm vysokej kvality pr\u00e1ce? Nu\u017e, Sergej Koroljov, jedna z k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdch post\u00e1v v hist\u00f3rii osvojovania si vesm\u00edru \u010dlovekom, by v\u00e1m mohol ve\u013ea poveda\u0165. <\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex>
\nOsud Koroljova je neuverite\u013en\u00fd. E\u0161te v mladosti sa nadchol pre leteck\u00fa techniku, a to je jeden z t\u00fdch pr\u00edpadov, kedy \u0161tandardn\u00fd pr\u00edstup biografov \u201ejeho osud bol predur\u010den\u00fd od mlad\u00fdch rokov\u201c sa zd\u00e1 opr\u00e1vnen\u00fd. Ako v ka\u017edom epose o neboj\u00e1cnom hrdinovi, na jeho plecia padli neuverite\u013en\u00e9 sk\u00fa\u0161ky \u2014 dostal sa do t\u00e1borov GULAGu, na zlat\u00e9 bane, kde takmer pri\u0161iel o \u017eivot, ale v\u010faka prihov\u00e1raniu inej legendy dom\u00e1cej aviatiky, Tupoleva, pri\u0161iel \u201elen\u201c o 13 zubov a o zdravie do konca svojho relat\u00edvne kr\u00e1tkeho veku; ale, ako ka\u017ed\u00e9ho prav\u00e9ho hrdinu ka\u017ed\u00e9ho ve\u013ek\u00e9ho eposu, sk\u00fa\u0161ky ho nezlomili a dokonca ho nezhor\u0161ili, a mo\u017eno pr\u00e1ve tie mu pomohli uvedomi\u0165 si, \u017ee \u017eivot je pr\u00edli\u0161 kr\u00e1tky na to, aby sa b\u00e1li sn\u00edva\u0165. Presne Koroljov sa stal osobou, pod ktorou bola vyvinut\u00e1 technika, ktor\u00e1 dostala prv\u00e9ho \u010dloveka do vesm\u00edru. Koroljova m\u00f4\u017eeme s pokojom nazva\u0165 \u201eotcom\u201c praktickej kozmonautiky. Len za 6 rokov sa so svoj\u00edm t\u00edmom posunul od v\u00fdvoja medzikontinent\u00e1lnych balistick\u00fdch rakiet k vytvoreniu pilotovate\u013enej kozmickej lode \u201eVostok-1\u201c! Ako sa nesk\u00f4r presved\u010d\u00edme, tento \u010dlovek vedel, ako hospod\u00e1ri\u0165 s \u010dasom a discipl\u00ednou. <\/p>\n

\"Ako
\nSpustenie prvej balistickej rakety R-1. 1948 rok. Fotografia TASS.<\/i><\/p>\n

\"Ako
\nLen 13 rokov nesk\u00f4r sa Koroljov vo svojej nezmenenej pokr\u00fdvke hlavy u\u017e stret\u00e1va s \u010dlovekom, ktor\u00fd bol vo vesm\u00edre.<\/i><\/p>\n

Pre\u010do som ako referenciu pri p\u00edsan\u00ed tohto \u010dl\u00e1nku zvolil pr\u00e1ve Koroljova? Preto\u017ee jeho pracovn\u00e1 met\u00f3da je ve\u013emi podobn\u00e1 ducha a \u010diasto\u010dne aj realiz\u00e1cie princ\u00edpom softv\u00e9rov\u00e9ho in\u017einierstva a najlep\u0161\u00edm praktik\u00e1m procesu v\u00fdvoja softv\u00e9ru. O japonskom automobilovom v\u00fdrobcu Toyote bola v minulosti nap\u00edsan\u00e1 kniha 'Toyota DNA', ktor\u00e1 odhalila z\u00e1padn\u00e9mu \u010ditate\u013eovi filozofiu pr\u00e1ce tejto spolo\u010dnosti; z tejto knihy, okrem in\u00e9ho, sa mo\u017eno dozvedie\u0165 o tzv. 'vedeckej met\u00f3de' pr\u00e1ce: pred t\u00fdm, ako sa uskuto\u010dn\u00ed zmena, postav hypot\u00e9zu, ur\u010di metriky a sp\u00f4sob ich z\u00edskania, v\u0161etko zmeraj a po awnies\u0165 zmene skontroluj svoje predpoklady, a ak sa metriky zlep\u0161ili, zmenu je mo\u017en\u00e9 \u0161k\u00e1lova\u0165. Zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee t\u00fato met\u00f3du bol zaveden\u00e1 d\u00e1vno pred vydan\u00edm u\u010debn\u00edc o princ\u00edpoch riadenia na Toyote, tis\u00edce kilometrov od Japonska, na stepiach Kazachstanu a v kon\u0161trukt\u00e9rskych kancel\u00e1ri\u00e1ch Moskvy, v kolekt\u00edve, ktor\u00e9mu \u0161\u00e9foval Sergej Koroljov. Mohol si vtedy myslie\u0165, \u017ee to, \u010do rob\u00ed \u010disto intuit\u00edvne, bude o 20-30 rokov zaznamenan\u00e9 v japonsk\u00fdch u\u010debniciach: napr\u00edklad prax, ke\u010f ved\u00faci nevedie z 'vysok\u00e9ho hradu', ale zhroma\u017e\u010fuje v\u0161etky \u00fadaje o konkr\u00e9tnej oblasti a vych\u00e1dza do ter\u00e9nu, sa v Japonsku naz\u00fdva 'g\u00e9mba' (\u73fe\u5834) \u2014 pre Koroljova to bola nep\u00edsan\u00e1 norma.<\/p>\n

\"Ako
\nPred\u0161tartov\u00e1 pr\u00edprava rakety 'Vostok'<\/i><\/p>\n

Cel\u00fd proces v\u00fdvoja rozdelil na tri \u010dasti: \u201en\u00e1vrh \u2013 v\u00fdroba \u2013 ladenie\u201c, pri\u010dom najseri\u00f3znej\u0161ie sa venoval posledn\u00e9mu kroku. T\u00edm pod veden\u00edm Koroleva pozost\u00e1val zo stov\u00e1k pracovn\u00fdch skup\u00edn, z ktor\u00fdch ka\u017ed\u00e1 sa venovala svojmu mal\u00e9mu \u00faseku pr\u00e1ce. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 oper\u00e1cia v kon\u0161trukt\u00e9rskom \u00fastave bola kontrolovan\u00e1 dvoma \u013eu\u010fmi \u2013 \u010diasto\u010dne predobrazom dne\u0161n\u00e9ho \u201ep\u00e1rov\u00e9ho programovania\u201c. Zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee Korolev skepticky realisticky pristupoval k \u013eudskej povahe a presadzoval vytvorenie syst\u00e9mu, ktor\u00fd by pom\u00e1hal v\u010das odha\u013eova\u0165 poruchy. Tak\u00fdto rozhovor s n\u00edm si pam\u00e4t\u00e1 jeden z jeho podriaden\u00fdch: «\u201eTester nem\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo na chybu,\u201c opakoval mi st\u00e1le. \u201eAle \u010dlov\u011bk nen\u00ed stroj,\u201c nesouhlasil jsem s n\u00edm. \u201eTo je pravda, ale abychom nezapomn\u011bli na chyby jednotlivce, mus\u00ed b\u00fdt vytvo\u0159en organiza\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd tyto chyby vylu\u010duje, syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd by umo\u017e\u0148oval tyto chyby v\u010das odhalit a odstranit. A tento syst\u00e9m mus\u00edte vytvo\u0159it vy jako testery, a mus\u00ed n\u00e1s chr\u00e1nit p\u0159ed chybami.\u201c<\/i>» Nep\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 to \u0159et\u011bzec CI \/ CD? <\/p>\n

\u201eKostyl\u201c jako volba a pracovn\u00ed filozofie<\/h3>\n

\nAle poj\u010fme na chv\u00edli sestoupit z nebes na zem, od nebesk\u00fdch bytost\u00ed osvojuj\u00edc\u00edch si vesm\u00edr k n\u00e1m, kancel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9mu planktonu, stoj\u00edc\u00edmu na ramenou tit\u00e1n\u016f. Existuje n\u011bkolik v\u011bc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ur\u010dit\u011b spojuj\u00ed v\u0161echny modern\u00ed pracovn\u00edky kancel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 fronty. A jsem si jist, \u017ee p\u0159ed n\u011bkolika dny jste se v pr\u00e1ci museli zab\u00fdvat t\u00edm, co ozna\u010duj\u00ed jako \u201eha\u0161en\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f\u201c nebo \u201ez\u00e1platy\u201c (p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 profes\u00ed hasi\u010d\u016f a krej\u010d\u00edch, pros\u00edm, berte tato vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed jako metafory). Velmi \u010dasto se v tomto procesu vyv\u00edjej\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 jsou zam\u011b\u0159ena na urgentn\u00ed v\u00fdsledek: okam\u017eit\u00e9 opravy, mal\u00e9 \u00fapravy, rychl\u00e9 zaveden\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed funkce. P\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou vzniku \u201epo\u017e\u00e1ru\u201c m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nejen porucha, nalezen\u00e1 chyba, ale tak\u00e9 nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 \u201eklient po\u017e\u00e1dal\u201c. V ciz\u00edm jazyce se t\u011bmto \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 \u201equick fixes\u201c, v ru\u0161tin\u011b \u201ekostyl\u201c. Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee mnoho z v\u00e1s ob\u010das c\u00edt\u00ed pot\u0159ebu vytv\u00e1\u0159et \u201ekostyly\u201c; v opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se tato pot\u0159eba st\u00e1v\u00e1 chronickou vlastnost\u00ed pr\u00e1ce.<\/p>\n

Pridajte k rytmu dospel\u00e9ho \u017eivota, ke\u010f m\u00e1te pr\u00e1cu, ve\u010dern\u00e9 \u0161t\u00fadium, druh\u00fa pr\u00e1cu, varenie, rekvalifika\u010dn\u00e9 kurzy; rodinu, \u00eds\u0165 na n\u00e1kup, nav\u0161t\u00edvi\u0165 pr\u00edbuzn\u00fdch; aby ste v 85 vyzerali ako Pozner, zaobera\u0165 sa \u0161portom, k\u00fdm nie je neskoro; stretn\u00fa\u0165 sa s priate\u013emi, pre\u010d\u00edta\u0165 si spr\u00e1vy, by\u0165 st\u00e1le v obraze, sebarozvoj, sk\u00fa\u0161a\u0165 podnikanie, \u00eds\u0165 na tane\u010dn\u00e9 kurzy; k\u00fdm po\u010det nenap\u00edsan\u00fdch piesn\u00ed kri\u010d\u00ed ako kuku\u010dka, star\u00e9 dvojizbov\u00e9 byty tla\u010dia, a teda h\u013eada\u0165 nov\u00e9, objedn\u00e1va\u0165 n\u00e1bytok, s\u0165ahova\u0165 sa. Samozrejme, pri v\u0161etkom tomto \u0161ialenstve nem\u00f4\u017eeme zabudn\u00fa\u0165 ani na sp\u00e1nok a dovolenku. Tento zoznam by sa dal pred\u013a\u017ei\u0165 takmer do nekone\u010dna. U minul\u00fdch gener\u00e1ci\u00ed bol tento zoznam rovnako rozsiahly, ale to bola predinternetov\u00e1 \u00e9ra. Teraz sme sa z oby\u010dajne zanepr\u00e1zdnen\u00fdch stali Pavlov\u00fdmi psami, ktor\u00fdm po\u010das pracovn\u00e9ho d\u0148a, pred n\u00edm aj po \u0148om, prich\u00e1dzaj\u00fa desiatky push notifik\u00e1ci\u00ed aspo\u0148 na dvoch zariadeniach. Ako poznamen\u00e1va Steve Glaveski vo svojom \u010dl\u00e1nku<\/a><\/noindex>, «notifik\u00e1cie z aplik\u00e1cie Facebook s\u00fa ve\u013emi podobn\u00e9 hovorom, ktor\u00fdmi sl\u00e1vny fyziol\u00f3g v svojich \u010dasoch vyvol\u00e1val podmienen\u00e9 reflexy u psov.<\/i>» Ten ist\u00fd autor prin\u00e1\u0161a \u00faryvok z v\u00fdskumu, ktor\u00fd vykonali zamestnanci Kalifornskej univerzity v Irvine: «po tom, \u010do n\u00e1s notifik\u00e1cia prin\u00fatila prepn\u00fa\u0165 na in\u00fa \u00falohu, m\u00f4\u017ee n\u00e1m n\u00e1vrat k predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facej \u00falohe zabra\u0165 a\u017e 23 min\u00fat<\/i>«. K tomu doch\u00e1dza pravdepodobne preto, \u017ee okam\u017eit\u00e9 rozpt\u00fdlenia n\u00e1s vytrh\u00e1vaj\u00fa zo stavu, ktor\u00fd psychol\u00f3g Mih\u00e1ly Cs\u00edkszentmih\u00e1lyi nazval \u201estavom toku\u201c. Naz\u00fdva sa tokom, preto\u017ee tento stav \u0165a tak ovl\u00e1da, \u017ee si ment\u00e1lne \u00faplne ponoren\u00fd do neho, \u017eiadne vonkaj\u0161ie my\u0161lienky ti nebr\u00e1nia tvori\u0165 \u2014 v takom stave sa more za\u010d\u00edna javi\u0165 \u201epo kolen\u00e1\u201c a pr\u00e1ca prin\u00e1\u0161a rados\u0165 \u2014 Cs\u00edkszentmih\u00e1lyi to naz\u00fdva psychologick\u00fdm pre\u017e\u00edvan\u00edm \u201eoptim\u00e1lnym z\u00e1\u017eitkom\u201c. Ak sa v\u0161ak nepostavi\u0165 poku\u0161eniu okam\u017eite reagova\u0165 na e-mail, \u010dlovek sa vytrhne zo stavu toku a na n\u00e1vrat do\u0148 mu bude trva\u0165 takmer pol hodiny! No \u010do, bez pretv\u00e1rky \u2014 spoznali sme sa? <\/p>\n

Pokusy robi\u0165 mno\u017estvo vec\u00ed paralelne a zvy\u0161ovanie po\u010dtu rol\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 si modern\u00fd \u010dlovek na seba berie, vedie k tomu, \u017ee na\u0161a hlava je nadmerne zaplnen\u00e1 inform\u00e1ciami. Daniel Kahneman vo svojej zn\u00e1mej knihe «Mysli pomaly, rozhoduj r\u00fdchlo<\/i>» («Thinking\u2026 Fast and slow<\/i>«) dos\u0165 jednoducho vysvetlil, \u017ee v\u0161etko, \u010do zabiera miesto v \u201eopera\u010dnej pam\u00e4ti\u201c, zni\u017euje schopnos\u0165 myslie\u0165. To by mohlo by\u0165 jednou z pr\u00ed\u010din, pre\u010do prij\u00edmame tak\u00e9 zl\u00e9 rozhodnutia a, v d\u00f4sledku toho, zle pracujeme a \u017eijeme nekvalitne. <\/p>\n

\u010eal\u0161\u00ed efekt, ktor\u00fd vypl\u00fdva z vy\u0161\u0161ie uveden\u00e9ho: rytmus na\u0161ich \u017eivotov je pr\u00edli\u0161 r\u00fdchly. Presnej\u0161ie, vn\u00edmame ho ako pr\u00edli\u0161 r\u00fdchly, a preto chceme aj r\u00fdchle v\u00fdsledky. Kolega z odboru vedie<\/a><\/noindex> ako pr\u00edklad uv\u00e1dza stav s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9ho trhu kn\u00edh a textov v\u00f4bec, kde sa \u013eudia \u010doraz menej za\u0165a\u017euj\u00fa p\u00edsan\u00edm zauj\u00edmav\u00e9ho, \u010derstv\u00e9ho, kvalitn\u00e9ho textu. On, mimochodom, tie\u017e operuje pojmom \u201epr\u00fad\u201c, ale v opa\u010dnom kontexte: v online m\u00e9di\u00e1ch, vr\u00e1tane soci\u00e1lnych siet\u00ed, sa inform\u00e1cie u\u017e d\u00e1vno premenili na nekone\u010dn\u00fd pr\u00fad, \u017eivotn\u00fd cyklus \u010dl\u00e1nku sa v d\u00f4sledku toho mnohokr\u00e1t skr\u00e1til: dnes sa text dostane na vrchol, a zajtra, maxim\u00e1lne o tri dni, si na\u0148 nikto u\u017e ani nespomenie. A existencia tohto nekone\u010dn\u00e9ho pr\u00fadu, na jednej strane, rozpty\u013euje pozornos\u0165 \u010ditate\u013eov, a na druhej strane \u2014 zbavuje autorov motiv\u00e1cie p\u00edsa\u0165 prem\u00fd\u0161\u013eavo (ja sa dr\u017e\u00edm a na\u010falej tr\u00e1vim t\u00fd\u017edne p\u00edsan\u00edm tohto druhu textov!).<\/p>\n

Dost\u00e1vame sa do situ\u00e1cie, v ktorej si nenech\u00e1vame dostatok \u010dasu na kvalitn\u00fa pr\u00e1cu, na jednej strane preto, \u017ee sa nedok\u00e1\u017eeme s\u00fastredi\u0165, a na druhej \u2014 preto, \u017ee chceme okam\u017eit\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky. Odtia\u013e m\u00f4\u017ee prameni\u0165 psychol\u00f3gia \u201ez\u00e1platy dier\u201c. <\/p>\n

O v\u0161etkom tomto \u2014 a presne, v zmysle v\u0161etk\u00e9ho, \u010do rob\u00edme nielen v pr\u00e1ci, ale aj v \u017eivote \u2014 som sa v\u00e1\u017ene zamyslel, ke\u010f som si n\u00e1hodou po\u010das d\u0148a odstr\u00e1nil niektor\u00e9 \u00fadaje z datab\u00e1zy, a ve\u010der som sa pon\u00e1h\u013eal a znova rozosmial man\u017eelku, ke\u010f som dvakr\u00e1t nespr\u00e1vne vyvrtal diery do steny. Zamyslel som sa a za\u010dal sa obzera\u0165. Uk\u00e1zalo sa, \u017ee aj ja, a okolie, neust\u00e1le rob\u00edme zl\u00fa pr\u00e1cu, a to hlavne kv\u00f4li poru\u0161ovaniu zlat\u00e9ho pravidla: \u201esedemkr\u00e1t meraj \u2014 raz re\u017e!\u201c Ke\u010f\u017ee som \u010derstvo upe\u010den\u00fd vodi\u010d, jedn\u00fdm z prv\u00fdch pr\u00edkladov, ktor\u00fd mi napad\u00e1 v s\u00favislosti s t\u00fdm, je, ako sa mnoh\u00ed vodi\u010di spr\u00e1vaj\u00fa na cest\u00e1ch. Nemali ste tak\u00fd pocit, \u017ee hne\u010f ako ste z\u00edskali vodi\u010dsk\u00fd preukaz, za\u010dali ste ove\u013ea viac nen\u00e1vidie\u0165 \u013eud\u00ed ako druh? A zrazu ste si uvedomili, ako nebezpe\u010dne sa tak mnoho vodi\u010dov spr\u00e1va? A nejde o to, \u017ee ja len pomaly \u0161of\u00e9rujem, alebo nie\u010do podobn\u00e9. Prosto m\u00e1m pocit, \u017ee vodi\u010di v\u0161etk\u00fdch t\u00fdch \u00e1ut, ktor\u00e9 v\u00e1s zrazu obehn\u00fa na tmavej ulici, uh\u00e1\u0148aj\u00fa \u00fazkou ulicou s obmedzen\u00edm 5 km\/h alebo \u201ed\u00fdchaj\u00fa v\u00e1m na krk\u201c na dia\u013enici, si jednoducho zahr\u00e1vaj\u00fa s te\u00f3riou pravdepodobnosti \u2014 predsa sk\u00f4r alebo nesk\u00f4r sa nie\u010do pokaz\u00ed, a \u201emo\u017eno\u201c nevyjde. Tento \u201emo\u017eno\u201c \u2014 in\u00fdmi slovami, lenivos\u0165 zamyslie\u0165 sa a preisti\u0165 sa \u2014 je tret\u00edm d\u00f4vodom, pre\u010do trp\u00ed kvalita toho, \u010do rob\u00edme v pr\u00e1ci a v \u017eivote.<\/p>\n

Nazvite ho \u201eHlavn\u00fd\u201c<\/h3>\n

\nNep\u00fa\u0161\u0165am t\u00e9mu vedenia \u2014 ospravedl\u0148ujem sa, je to pre m\u0148a ve\u013emi d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9. Ke\u010f som sa u\u010dil jazdi\u0165, musel som sa za tri t\u00fd\u017edne nau\u010di\u0165 jazdi\u0165 tak dobre, aby som zlo\u017eil 40-min\u00fatov\u00fd sk\u00fa\u0161ku na prv\u00fd pokus. Po\u010das t\u00fdchto 3 t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov som takmer ka\u017ed\u00e9 r\u00e1no sedel za volantom \u0161kolsk\u00e9ho auta. Na tret\u00ed de\u0148 m\u00f4j in\u0161truktor, ke\u010f videl, ak\u00fd stres mi jazda sp\u00f4sobuje, povedal so zlomen\u00fdm srdcom: «\u013dudia b\u00fdvali sk\u00f4r psychicky stabilnej\u0161\u00ed<\/i>«. Neviem, \u010di m\u00f4\u017eem zov\u0161eobecni\u0165, ale prip\u00fa\u0161\u0165am, \u017ee to m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 pravda. Aspo\u0148 pri \u010d\u00edtan\u00ed o \u013eu\u010foch star\u0161\u00edch (a\u017e po povojnov\u00e9 obdobie) gener\u00e1ci\u00ed, niekedy m\u00e1m pocit, \u017ee boli skuto\u010dne celistvej\u0161\u00edmi \u013eu\u010fmi ako my. Hrdinovia \u2014 nie sme my, to je ist\u00e9. Tak\u00fd ist\u00fd pocit som mal aj pri \u0161t\u00fadiu osobnosti Sergeja Koroleva. <\/p>\n

Pri pr\u00edprave tohto materi\u00e1lu som \u201epreliezol\u201c \u00faryvky z mno\u017estva spomienok \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed pracovali s Korolevom, a bolo pre m\u0148a fascinuj\u00face, ak\u00ed s\u00fa jednotn\u00ed v \u00factivom a nad\u0161enom opisovan\u00ed svojich stretnut\u00ed s Hlavn\u00fdm, alebo \u201eS.P.\u201c (od \u201eSergej Pavlovi\u010d\u201c \u2014 naz\u00fdva\u0165 Korolevovo meno v dokument\u00e1cii bolo, ak som to spr\u00e1vne pochopil, zak\u00e1zan\u00e9). A bol tvrd\u00fd, n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd a nerv\u00f3zny a vybuchoval rovnako r\u00fdchlo ako sa upokojil, a po upokojen\u00ed povzbudzuj\u00faco poklep\u00e1val na plece so \u201eut\u011b\u0161uj\u00facimi\u201c slovami ako: «Tak to si v\u010dera dostal odo m\u0148a!<\/i>» Ale cnosti tohto n\u00edzkeho, pln\u0161ieho mu\u017ea s rozhodn\u00fdm v\u00fdrazom, hluch\u0161\u00edm a ostrej\u0161\u00edm hlasom, prenikav\u00fdm poh\u013eadom a energickos\u0165ou v pohyboch a ch\u00f4dzi jasne prevy\u0161ovali jeho slabosti v o\u010diach s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00edkov. A \u0161t\u00fadium jeho \u017eivota m\u00f4\u017ee poskytn\u00fa\u0165 nieko\u013eko cenn\u00fdch lekci\u00ed pre n\u00e1s. <\/p>\n

\"Ako
\nM\u00f4\u017ee sa \u010dlovek v\u00f4bec na tohto \u010dloveka hneva\u0165?<\/i><\/p>\n

Sergej Korolev bol skuto\u010dne autentick\u00fdm<\/a><\/noindex> l\u00edderom \u2013 to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee videl ve\u013ek\u00fd cie\u013e, bol si sebe ist\u00fd, zodpovedal za svoje slov\u00e1 a \u010diny, uvedomoval si, ak\u00e9 princ\u00edpy ho viedli a \u010do o\u010dak\u00e1va od svojich zamestnancov. V r\u00f4znych pr\u00edbehoch, ktor\u00e9 op\u00edsali jeho podriaden\u00ed, m\u00f4\u017eeme vidie\u0165 Koroleva v \u00falohe \u010dloveka, ktor\u00fd sa neboj\u00ed rie\u0161i\u0165 zlo\u017eit\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/b>, d\u00e1va<\/b> svojim podriaden\u00fdm dostatok kreat\u00edvnej slobody<\/b> («V\u0161imol som si, \u017ee \u010doraz viac d\u00f4veroval svojim najbli\u017e\u0161\u00edm asistentom a d\u00e1val im vo\u013enos\u0165 v konan\u00ed. Je zjavn\u00e9, \u017ee ch\u00e1pal, \u017ee drobnoh\u013eadn\u00e1 starostlivos\u0165 brzdi iniciat\u00edvu zamestnanca, br\u00e1ni mu sta\u0165 sa skuto\u010dn\u00fdm odborn\u00edkom a ved\u00facim vo svojom odbore.<\/i>«), cen\u00ed si pevn\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed<\/b> («Mal r\u00e1d vytrval\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed dok\u00e1zali vyslovi\u0165 a obh\u00e1ji\u0165 svoj n\u00e1zor a svoju pravdu.<\/i>«), neboj\u00ed sa uzna\u0165 vlastn\u00e9 chyby<\/b> (kozmonaut Alexej Leonov rozpr\u00e1va o tom, ako, by\u0165 na orbite, prijal rozhodnutie v rozpore s pokynom Koroleva, a po tom, \u010do o tom informoval Hlavn\u00e9ho a vysvetlil d\u00f4vody svojho konania, po\u010dul v pr\u00edtomnosti nieko\u013ek\u00fdch os\u00f4b: «Ale Ale\u0161a m\u00e1 pravdu...<\/i>«), neusiluje sa preuk\u00e1za\u0165 svoju nad\u0159azenos\u0165<\/b> («Aj ke\u010f sa jeho diskut\u00e9r m\u00fdlil, Sergej Pavlovich to nikdy nezv\u00fdraz\u0148oval, nevy\u010d\u00edtal mu. Nikdy pova\u017eoval za ods\u00fadeniahodn\u00e9 robi\u0165 chyby.<\/i>«), z\u00e1merne \u201epodporuje\u201c diskusie a stiera \u013eud\u00ed<\/b> s opa\u010dn\u00fdmi n\u00e1zormi, aby v spore zrodila pravdu; nezab\u00fada po\u010fakova\u0165<\/b> («Medzi nami bola medzi kontinentami zhroma\u017eden\u00e1 raketa na technologick\u00fdch voz\u00edkoch. Uistil sa, \u017ee v\u0161etko je dokon\u010den\u00e9, Sergey Pavlovi\u010d, napriek svojej solidnosti, sa oh\u00fdbaj\u00fac takmer a\u017e k podlahe rukami, pre\u0161iel pod raketou k n\u00e1m, potriasol n\u00e1m rukami a po\u010fakoval za pr\u00e1cu.<\/i>«), neboj\u00ed sa kritizova\u0165 svoju pr\u00e1cu<\/b> («Ale v nasleduj\u00facich polhodin\u00e1ch som musel po\u010du\u0165 e\u0161te radu \u010fal\u0161\u00edch kritick\u00fdch vyjadren\u00ed. \u201eTento let sa n\u00e1m nepodaril, zle sme sa na\u0148 pripravili,\u201c \u2014 o lete, ktor\u00fd v\u0161etci pokladali za \u00faspe\u0161n\u00fd. \u201eNedostato\u010dn\u00e1 kon\u0161trukcia,\u201c \u2014 o kon\u0161trukcii, ktor\u00e1 nieko\u013ekokr\u00e1t \u00faspe\u0161ne letela do kozmu. V\u0161etko toto bolo vyjadren\u00e9 prirodzene a be\u017ene.<\/i>«) a del\u00ed sa o svoje najint\u00edmnej\u0161ie my\u0161lienky s bl\u00edzkymi<\/b> («Sergey Pavlovi\u010d nebol uzavret\u00fd \u010dlovek, v\u017edy sa delil o svoje my\u0161lienky, sny a pocity. R\u00e1d prem\u00fd\u0161\u013eal a sn\u00edval nahlas o kozme.<\/i>\u201e).<\/p>\n

Postoj k \u010dasu<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

Ved\u00faci placht\u00e1rskeho kr\u00fa\u017eku sa raz sp\u00fdtal mlad\u00e9ho Koroleva: \u201eKedy dokon\u010d\u00ed\u0161 svoj prv\u00fd klz\u00e1k?\u201c A dostal odpove\u010f: \u201eNechcem, aby bol prv\u00fdm. Chcem, aby bol najlep\u0161\u00edm!<\/i>\u00bb<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\"Ako
\nPlacht\u00e1rske kr\u00fa\u017eky sa v 20. rokoch minul\u00e9ho storo\u010dia stali roz\u0161\u00edren\u00fdm kon\u00ed\u010dkom sovietskej ml\u00e1de\u017ee po tom, \u010do Lev Trock\u00fd vyzval n\u00e1rod \u201eD\u00e1vajte kr\u00eddla!\u201c \u2014 v zmysle, \u201eSovietskemu \u0161t\u00e1tu potrebujeme vlastn\u00e9 lietadl\u00e1!\u201c Nie\u010do ako dne\u0161n\u00e9 nad\u0161enie pre technol\u00f3gie umelej inteligencie, ak dovol\u00edte.<\/i> Zdroj<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

A navy guy\u2019s job required an extremely fast pace of development. To give a sense of the speed at which his diverse team, made up of dozens of teams from several institutes, worked, one can recall that the spacecraft designed to photograph the far side of the Moon ('Luna-3') was conceived, produced, tested, and launched in just 6 months \u2014 and it's no surprise, since only at such speeds could one achieve the ambitious goals set by the designer. Korolev's subordinates, like him, worked from morning till night, often without weekends or holidays. He did not tolerate delays and hated postponements of decisions or rocket launches. <\/p>\n

\"Ako
\nA photograph taken by the 'Luna-3' spacecraft<\/i><\/p>\n

A predsa, za ur\u010dit\u00fdch okolnost\u00ed bol Korolev prv\u00fdm, kto po\u017eadoval posun\u00fa\u0165 term\u00edn. Boli dve veci, ktor\u00e9 n\u00fatili tohto rozhodn\u00e9ho, energick\u00e9ho, neuverite\u013ene pracovit\u00fdho mu\u017ea me\u0161ka\u0165 s term\u00ednmi \u2014 zabezpe\u010denie bezpe\u010dnosti \u013eud\u00ed a kvality pr\u00e1ce. Na jednom z rokovan\u00ed povedal priamo: «What kind of protection to apply \u2014 you will decide better than I can, and without me. But I ask you to firmly remember the deadlines, reliability, and absolute safety of people.<\/i><. On the contrary, he introduced large-scale control tests for spacecraft instead of the random checks commonly used in serial production. Korolev paid the most attention to these tests and similarly tried to instill this attitude in his employees; one of them writes: <But something happened, something isn\u2019t right\u2026 The tester must immediately stop work, thoroughly investigate the reasons for the incident, and take steps to eliminate the emerging malfunctions. In this case, saving time takes a backseat.<\/i>> Another employee recalls how Korolev reacted to the discovery of serious malfunctions in the landing system, which set the entire team off schedule to the point that the anticipated delay turned out to be much shorter than the actual one: <A ani raz hlavn\u00e9mu kon\u0161trukt\u00e9rovi nezhorela \u017eiara hnevu, ani n\u00e1s, testovac\u00edch pracovn\u00edkov, neobvinil. Potom, u\u017e po lete, ke\u010f kozmonauti \u0161\u0165astne prist\u00e1li, povedal: \u201eLen takto treba kona\u0165. Ak existuje aspo\u0148 najmen\u0161ie pochybnosti, zastav sa, zisti to a odstr\u00e1\u0148 pr\u00ed\u010dinu.\u201c Tento radu sme si v\u017edy pam\u00e4tali.<\/i>> <\/p>\n

At the same time, Korolev set an example for his employees. He dedicated a lot of time to reviewing flight films. He carefully considered all important decisions, first listening to the opinions of others, recording them, and concluding the meeting with the words: <V\u00e1m je v\u0161etko jasn\u00e9, ale ja si mus\u00edm premyslie\u0165<\/i><. And this is despite the fact that he was not one of those leaders who only claims successes: he was the first to report delays and failures to the 'management,' taking the heat himself.<\/p>\n

\"Ako
\nSergej Koroljov, Alexej Leonov, man\u017eelka Jurija Gagarina Valentina, Jurij Gagarin a Grigorij Postnikov<\/i><\/p>\n

\u010co z toho v\u0161etk\u00e9ho vyvodi\u0165?<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

\u201eTeraz u\u017e nemo\u017eno po\u017eadova\u0165 od \u013eud\u00ed, aby pracovali r\u00fdchlej\u0161ie a lep\u0161ie. Ost\u00e1va len st\u00e1\u0165 pred nimi a, n\u00edzko sa skloniv, poprosi\u0165 ich o to.\u201c
\nSergej Koroljov<\/b> <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\nAk sa pozrieme na vyjadrenia a \u010diny Koroljova, d\u00e1 sa jeho pracovn\u00e9 princ\u00edpy z\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 na nieko\u013eko z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch poz\u00edci\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"Ako
\nHovor\u00ed Sergej Koroljov.<\/i><\/p>\n

\u201eNerob neporiadok\u201c<\/b>
\nAk sa zamysl\u00edme, ve\u013ea chybn\u00fdch rozhodnut\u00ed sa prij\u00edma kv\u00f4li tomu, \u017ee s\u00fa prijat\u00e9 v stave nepokoja. Vid\u00edme, \u017ee nie\u010do nejde spr\u00e1vne \u2013 a r\u00fdchlo sa to sna\u017e\u00edme napravi\u0165. Znie to povedome? Som si ist\u00fd, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee rozpr\u00e1va\u0165 pr\u00edbeh o tom, ako v zhone v\u0161etko len zhor\u0161il.<\/p>\n

\u201ePl\u00e1nuj dos\u0165 \u010dasu\u201c<\/b>
\nDespite his tireless energy and ambitious goals that seemed to belong to the realm of science fiction, Korolev was not one of those people who promised to accomplish something in no time, only to find out later that such tasks would require five times more time. Once, during a trip to Germany, which aimed to inspect the V-2 rockets, his superiors asked him how long it would take to copy these rockets. One of the engineers replied: '20 electricians and a month of work.' Korolev assessed the timeframe differently: <Samostatn\u00fd Vedeck\u00fd \u00fastav a nov\u00fd priemyseln\u00fd odbor<\/i><. And how many of you have responded similarly? I believe your superiors often had to hear something like '3 hours,' only to wait three days for results.<\/p>\n

\u201eRob svoju pr\u00e1cu kvalitne, nespoliehaj sa na n\u00e1hodu\u201c<\/b>
\nJeden z hlavn\u00fdch hriechov modern\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed: robi\u0165 v\u0161etko r\u00fdchlo, aby sme si mohli od\u0161krt\u00e1va\u0165 \u201echeck\u201c a zbavi\u0165 sa otravnej \u00falohy. Zapam\u00e4taj si: ak sa nie\u010do m\u00f4\u017ee pokazi\u0165, ur\u010dite sa to pokaz\u00ed (tento princ\u00edp sa naz\u00fdva z\u00e1kon M\u0155tveho Mu\u017ea a na Wikip\u00e9dii je prekvapivo op\u00edsan\u00fd ako \u201e\u017eartovn\u00fd filozofick\u00fd princ\u00edp\u201c. Nevid\u00edm v \u0148om ni\u010d \u017eartovn\u00e9ho. Mimochodom, tento \u201ez\u00e1kon\u201c vymysleli leteck\u00ed in\u017einieri). Nikdy nenech\u00e1vaj pr\u00edli\u0161 ve\u013ea n\u00e1hodn\u00fdch promenn\u00fdch. Ak vid\u00ed\u0161 slab\u00e9 miesto - zabezpe\u010d kontrolu a poistku.<\/p>\n

\u201eNepon\u00e1h\u013eaj sa v \u00favah\u00e1ch, ale ke\u010f m\u00e1\u0161 dostatok inform\u00e1ci\u00ed, prijmi rozhodnutie r\u00fdchlo\u201c<\/b>
\nPre mnoh\u00fdch z n\u00e1s je hlavn\u00e9 mer\u00edtko kvality pr\u00e1ce - r\u00fdchlos\u0165 vykon\u00e1vania<\/u>. T\u00fato paradigmu je potrebn\u00e9 prehodnoti\u0165, aby orienta\u010dn\u00fdm bodom bola vysok\u00e1 r\u00fdchlos\u0165 vykon\u00e1vania<\/u> zam\u00fd\u0161\u013ean\u00e9ho, ale nie pr\u00edpravy rie\u0161enia. Ale ak ide o rie\u0161enie kritick\u00fdch ot\u00e1zok (v ka\u017edom odvetv\u00ed s\u00fa svoje), r\u00fdchlos\u0165 by v ide\u00e1lnom pr\u00edpade nemala by\u0165 orienta\u010dn\u00fdm bodom. Rozhodova\u0165 by mala kvalita - teda, istota, \u017ee rie\u0161enie bolo dostato\u010dne dobre testovan\u00e9, \u017ee s ve\u013ekou pravdepodobnos\u0165ou bude fungova\u0165 viac-menej hladko, a v kritick\u00fdch momentoch - dokonale. <\/p>\n

Samozrejme, nem\u00f4\u017eeme poveda\u0165, \u017ee sa \u00faplne zbav\u00edme r\u00fdchlosti ako metriky. Existuj\u00fa r\u00f4zne \u00falohy a, ako to b\u00fdva, neexistuje univerz\u00e1lny liek na v\u0161etky bolesti. Napr\u00edklad v \u0161t\u00e1diu prototypovania je r\u00fdchlos\u0165 k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e1. Ale aj vo f\u00e1ze produkcie zohr\u00e1va v\u00fdznamn\u00fa \u00falohu pre podnikanie. Nesmie\u0161 sa neust\u00e1le prehlbova\u0165 do detailov, inak sa dostane\u0161 do pasce a k\u00fdm sa rozhodne\u0161, v\u0161etko okolo teba sa stokr\u00e1t zmen\u00ed \u2014 je to ako sna\u017ei\u0165 sa vidie\u0165 slona, ke\u010f sa pozer\u00e1\u0161 do jeho chobota. Mus\u00ed\u0161 dosahova\u0165 vysok\u00fa r\u00fdchlos\u0165 u\u010denia, reakcie a rozhodovania spr\u00e1vnymi met\u00f3dami. S\u00e1m Korolov dok\u00e1zal uchopi\u0165 inform\u00e1cie vo vzduchu: nuansy mohol pochopi\u0165 len tak, \u017ee sa pozrel na celkov\u00e9 pl\u00e1ny (to mu umo\u017enil jeho \u0161irok\u00fd odborn\u00fd z\u00e1klad a obrovsk\u00e9 sk\u00fasenosti, ako aj jasn\u00e9 procesy v spolo\u010dnosti a intuit\u00edvne pochopenie procesu rozhodovania). <\/p>\n

Ale ve\u010f to nie je \u010dl\u00e1nok o rie\u0161en\u00ed v\u0161etk\u00fdch probl\u00e9mov naraz, a nie o konkr\u00e9tnych pokynoch, ale o \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u020bnom principe: po\u010fme budova\u0165 na veky!<\/b> Stava\u0165 nie r\u00fdchlej\u0161ie, ale lep\u0161ie. Len si pomyslite: na ISS st\u00e1le lietaj\u00fa na \u201eSojuzoch\u201c, ktor\u00e9 navrhla t\u00edm Korolova! Najlep\u0161ie veci nevznikaj\u00fa lusknut\u00edm prstov, vy\u017eaduj\u00fa si \u010das. Ak str\u00e1vite ve\u013ea \u010dasu vypracovan\u00edm rie\u0161enia, neztr\u00e1cate ho, ale rob\u00edte to, \u010do mus\u00edte. N\u00e1vrat k t\u00e9me literat\u00fary: Lev Tolstoj p\u00edsal a prepisoval \u201eVojnu a mier\u201c po dobu 6 rokov. Existuj\u00fa dokonca inform\u00e1cie, \u017ee text rom\u00e1nu prep\u00edsal ru\u010dne 8-kr\u00e1t. Pr\u00e1ca egyptsk\u00e1, ale hlavn\u00e9 je, \u017ee nie syzifovsk\u00e1. A skvel\u00fd pr\u00edklad spr\u00e1vneho pr\u00edstupu k svojej pr\u00e1ci. <\/p>\n

\"Ako
\nLev Tolstoj na za\u010diatku (v\u013eavo) a na konci p\u00edsania \u201eVojny a mieru\u201c<\/i><\/p>\n

Viem, \u017ee existuje nieko\u013eko vec\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 mo\u017eno namieta\u0165 vo\u010di v\u0161etk\u00e9mu, \u010do bolo povedan\u00e9. Napr\u00edklad, \u017ee CI\/CD, agile a lean existuj\u00fa pr\u00e1ve na to, aby sa chyby na\u0161li v\u010das. Ale ak je v hlave neporiadok, aj pri v\u0161etk\u00fdch t\u00fdchto n\u00e1strojoch sa n\u00e1jde priestor pre zanedbanie. Niekto m\u00f4\u017ee poveda\u0165, \u017ee v re\u00e1lnej pr\u00e1ci \u010dasto jednoducho nem\u00e1\u0161 na v\u00fdber \u2014 simply rob, a nep\u00fdtaj sa na ot\u00e1zky. S\u00fahlas\u00edm a s\u00e1m si viem spomen\u00fa\u0165 na podobn\u00e9 pr\u00edbehy zo svojej sk\u00fasenosti. Na jednom z predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facich pracovn\u00fdch miest sme sa zaoberali anal\u00fdzou \u00fadajov od klientov a pripravovali sme pre nich analytick\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy. \u010casto sa v u\u017e hotov\u00fdch spr\u00e1vach muselo nie\u010do meni\u0165, prid\u00e1va\u0165, prer\u00e1ba\u0165, aby sme vyhoveli moment\u00e1lnym ch\u00fa\u0165kam klienta. Dostalo sa to do bodu, ke\u010f mi povedali, \u017ee mus\u00edme analyzova\u0165 nov\u00fa d\u00e1vku \u00fadajov a posla\u0165 spr\u00e1vu za p\u00e1r hod\u00edn. Vtedy som priamo povedal \u0161\u00e9fovi: \u201eM\u00f4\u017eem to urobi\u0165 dobre, ale term\u00edn sa mus\u00ed posun\u00fa\u0165, alebo to m\u00f4\u017eem urobi\u0165 r\u00fdchlo, ale potom nezaru\u010dujem kvalitu \u00fadajov. Rozhodni sa s\u00e1m.\u201c Vtedy mi povedali: rob r\u00fdchlo. Chytil som sa za hlavu a urobil to r\u00fdchlo \u2014 na konci d\u0148a to nebolo o vyp\u00fa\u0161\u0165an\u00ed rakiet, a teda v pr\u00edpade ch\u00fdb by sa nikto nedostal do nebezpe\u010denstva, m\u00f4jmu ved\u00facemu by musel zodpoveda\u0165 pred klientom s\u00e1m, a moja svedomie by zostalo \u010dist\u00e9. <\/p>\n

Preto nem\u00e1m na mysli to. Dobre viem, ak\u00e9 to v skuto\u010dnosti je. Ale ke\u010f sa pozer\u00e1m na seba a na mnoh\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed okolo, chcem vyvola\u0165 posun v hlave smerom k s\u00fastredeniu sa na udr\u017eate\u013enos\u0165 toho, \u010do rob\u00ed\u0161, a na uvedomenie si, \u017ee ak je m\u00e1lo \u010dasu na vyrie\u0161enie nejak\u00e9ho probl\u00e9mu, tak vlastne stoj\u00ed\u0161 pred vo\u013ebou: bu\u010f dobre, alebo r\u00fdchlo. Mus\u00ed\u0161 by\u0165 pripraven\u00fd na to, \u017ee cel\u00fd \u017eivot od n\u00e1s niekto bude vy\u017eadova\u0165 zl\u00fa, ale r\u00fdchlu pr\u00e1cu. Urob to r\u00fdchlo, uhasi r\u00fdchly po\u017eiar tam. Ale v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou existuje len jedna osoba, ktor\u00e1 \u0165a neust\u00e1le na\u017eenie, n\u00fati \u0165a pon\u00e1h\u013ea\u0165 sa, prij\u00edma\u0165 zl\u00e9 rozhodnutia a zanedb\u00e1va\u0165. Si to ty s\u00e1m.<\/p>\n

Zdroje<\/h3>\n

\nPri p\u00edsan\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nku som vyu\u017eil inform\u00e1cie z pam\u00e4ti, ktor\u00fdch autormi boli:<\/p>\n

Kryukov S. S., Volcyfin A. N., Glazunov M. G., Novozhilov P. V., Maksimov G. Y., Syromyatnikov V. G., Shabanov E. V., Shapovalov V. I., Shumakov B. G., Chernov V. V., Prudnikov I. S., Rublev B. V., Aparceva B. E. <\/p>\n

V\u0161etky spomienky uveden\u00e9 v texte boli zhroma\u017eden\u00e9 v knihe \u201eS.P. Korolev. Vedec. In\u017einier. \u010clovek. Tvoriv\u00fd portr\u00e9t pod\u013ea spomienok s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00edkov\u201c (\u201eVeda\u201c, 1986), ktor\u00fdch materi\u00e1ly boli spr\u00edstupnen\u00e9 prostredn\u00edctvom projektu www.korolev-s-p.sk<\/a><\/noindex> (za \u010do mu vyjadrujem \u00faprimn\u00fa v\u010faku). Taktie\u017e som \u010derpal niektor\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie z r\u00f4znych rozhovorov s kozmonautom Leonovom A. A. a z knihy spomienok kozmonauta Gre\u010dko G. M., text ktorej je dostupn\u00fd na odkaze<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/i><\/p>\n

Viac fotografi\u00ed Koroleva a kozmonautov m\u00f4\u017eete vidie\u0165 tu<\/a><\/noindex>
\n
Zdroj: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0411\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u00ab\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0446\u00bb \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0435\u0439 \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0451\u0432 \u2014 \u043f\u043e \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0443. \u0421\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a \u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0443 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u044e\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u043d \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u043e\u043a. \u041d\u0430 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043b\u044e \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0442\u044f\u0436\u0451\u043b\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043d\u043e \u044e\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0430\u043b \u0443 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u044e \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u044c. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435: \u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0430 \u043e\u0442 Mail.ru. \u0418\u0445 \u043d\u0435\u0439\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u043d\u0430\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435, \u0447\u0435\u043c, \u043a \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0443, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":25386,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-33704","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Ako a pre\u010do pracova\u0165 pomal\u0161ie? Met\u00f3da Sergeja Koroleva | ProHoster","description":"","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/kak-i-zachem-rabotat-medlennee-metod-sergeya-korolyova","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"sk_SK","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0435? \u041c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0435\u044f \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0451\u0432\u0430 | ProHoster","og:url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/kak-i-zachem-rabotat-medlennee-metod-sergeya-korolyova","og:image":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:width":350,"og:image:height":350,"article:published_time":"2019-10-31T18:54:15+00:00","article:modified_time":"2019-10-31T18:54:15+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster","article:author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"33704","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":null,"keyphrases":null,"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":null,"og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":null,"schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":null,"robots_max_videopreview":null,"robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":null,"local_seo":null,"seo_analyzer_scan_date":"2026-01-21 16:23:19","breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"reviewed_by":null,"ai":null,"created":"2021-03-01 02:35:31","updated":"2026-01-21 16:23:19","focus_keyword":null,"additional_keywords":null,"truseo_locale":null},"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33704","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33704"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33704\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25386"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33704"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33704"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33704"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}