{"id":33901,"date":"2019-10-31T21:55:19","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:55:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/cloudflare-mozilla-i-facebook-razvivayut-binaryast-dlya-uskoreniya-zagruzki-javascript\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:55:19","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:55:19","slug":"cloudflare-mozilla-i-facebook-razvivayut-binaryast-dlya-uskoreniya-zagruzki-javascript","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/cloudflare-mozilla-i-facebook-razvivayut-binaryast-dlya-uskoreniya-zagruzki-javascript","title":{"rendered":"Cloudflare, Mozilla a Facebook vyv\u00edjaj\u00fa BinaryAST na ur\u00fdchlenie na\u010d\u00edtania JavaScriptu","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

In\u017einieri zo spolo\u010dnost\u00ed Cloudflare, Mozilla, Facebook a Bloomberg navrhlo<\/a><\/noindex> nov\u00fd form\u00e1t BinaryAST<\/a><\/noindex> na ur\u00fdchlenie dod\u00e1vky a spracovania JavaScript k\u00f3du pri otvoren\u00ed webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nok v prehliada\u010di. BinaryAST pres\u00fava f\u00e1zu syntaktickej anal\u00fdzy na server a dod\u00e1va u\u017e vytvoren\u00e9 abstraktn\u00e9 syntaktick\u00e9 stromy (AST<\/a><\/noindex>). Ke\u010f prehliada\u010d prijme BinaryAST, m\u00f4\u017ee okam\u017eite prejs\u0165 na f\u00e1zu kompil\u00e1cie a ob\u00eds\u0165 anal\u00fdzu zdrojov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du JavaScriptu. <\/p>\n

Na testovanie pripraven\u00e1<\/a><\/noindex> referen\u010dn\u00e1 implement\u00e1cia poskytovan\u00e1 pod licenciou MIT. Na anal\u00fdzu sa pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa komponenty Node.js a k\u00f3d na optimaliz\u00e1ciu a tvorbu AST je nap\u00edsan\u00fd v jazyku Rust. Na strane prehliada\u010dov je podpora
\nBinaryAST u\u017e dostupn\u00e1 v no\u010dn\u00fdch zostaveniach<\/a><\/noindex> Firefox. K\u00f3dova\u010d v BinaryAST m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 pou\u017eit\u00fd ako na \u00farovni n\u00e1strojov kone\u010dn\u00fdch webov, tak aj na balenie skriptov extern\u00fdch webov na strane proxy alebo siete dodania obsahu. V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti u\u017e za\u010dal proces \u0161tandardiz\u00e1cie BinaryAST pracovnou skupinou ECMA TC39<\/a><\/noindex>, po jej dokon\u010den\u00ed bude form\u00e1t schopn\u00fd koexistova\u0165 s existuj\u00facimi met\u00f3dami kompresie dod\u00e1van\u00e9ho obsahu, ako s\u00fa gzip a brotli. <\/p>\n

\"Cloudflare,<\/a><\/noindex><\/center>
\n
\"Cloudflare,<\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n

Zna\u010dn\u00fd \u010das pri spracovan\u00ed JavaScriptu zaber\u00e1 f\u00e1za na\u010d\u00edtania a syntaktick\u00e9ho rozboru k\u00f3du. S oh\u013eadom na to, \u017ee objem s\u0165ahovan\u00e9ho JavaScriptu na mnoh\u00fdch popul\u00e1rnych str\u00e1nkach sa bl\u00ed\u017ei k 10 MB (napr\u00edklad LinkedIn \u2014 7,2 MB, Facebook \u2014 7,1 MB, Gmail \u2014 3,9 MB), prim\u00e1rne spracovanie JavaScriptu sp\u00f4sobuje zna\u010dn\u00e9 oneskorenie. F\u00e1za anal\u00fdzy na strane prehliada\u010da sa tie\u017e spoma\u013euje kv\u00f4li nemo\u017enosti \u00faplne vybudova\u0165 AST za behu, ke\u010f sa k\u00f3d na\u010d\u00edtava (prehliada\u010d mus\u00ed \u010daka\u0165 na dokon\u010denie nahr\u00e1vania blokov k\u00f3du, napr\u00edklad na konca funkci\u00ed, aby z\u00edskal ch\u00fdbaj\u00face inform\u00e1cie potrebn\u00e9 na anal\u00fdzu aktu\u00e1lnych prvkov).<\/p>\n

\u010ciasto\u010dne sa probl\u00e9m sna\u017eia rie\u0161i\u0165 prostredn\u00edctvom \u0161\u00edrenia k\u00f3du v minimalizovanej a komprimovanej forme, ako aj pomocou cachovania prehliada\u010dom vygenerovan\u00e9ho bajtk\u00f3du. Na modern\u00fdch str\u00e1nkach sa k\u00f3d aktualizuje dos\u0165 \u010dasto, a preto cachovanie len \u010diasto\u010dne rie\u0161i probl\u00e9m. Mo\u017en\u00fdm rie\u0161en\u00edm by mohol by\u0165 WebAssembly, ale vy\u017eaduje explicitn\u00e9 typovanie v k\u00f3de a zle sa hod\u00ed na ur\u00fdchlenie spracovania u\u017e existuj\u00faceho k\u00f3du na JavaScripte. <\/p>\n

In\u00fdm variantom je dod\u00e1vka hotov\u00e9ho skompilovan\u00e9ho bajtk\u00f3du namiesto JavaScript skriptov, ale v\u00fdvoj\u00e1ri preh\u013ead\u00e1va\u010dov s t\u00fdm nes\u00fahlasia, preto\u017ee vonkaj\u0161\u00ed bajtk\u00f3d je \u0165a\u017eko overite\u013en\u00fd, jeho priam\u00e9 spracovanie m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k segment\u00e1cii Webu, vznikaj\u00fa dodato\u010dn\u00e9 hrozby bezpe\u010dnosti a vy\u017eaduje sa v\u00fdvoj form\u00e1tu univerz\u00e1lneho bajtk\u00f3du.<\/p>\n

BinaryAST sa integruje do s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9ho modelu v\u00fdvoja a dod\u00e1vky k\u00f3du bez vytv\u00e1rania nov\u00e9ho bajtk\u00f3du a bez zmien v jazyku JavaScript. Ve\u013ekos\u0165 d\u00e1t vo form\u00e1te BinaryAST je porovnate\u013en\u00e1 so stla\u010den\u00fdm minifikovan\u00fdm JavaScript k\u00f3dom a r\u00fdchlos\u0165 spracovania sa v\u00fdrazne zvy\u0161uje vyl\u00fa\u010den\u00edm f\u00e1zy anal\u00fdzy zdrojov\u00fdch textov. Navy\u0161e form\u00e1t umo\u017e\u0148uje kompil\u00e1ciu do bajtk\u00f3du po\u010das na\u010d\u00edtania BinaryAST, bez \u010dakania na ukon\u010denie prijatia v\u0161etk\u00fdch d\u00e1t. Anal\u00fdza na strane servera tie\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje vyl\u00fa\u010di\u0165 z v\u00fdstupnej reprezent\u00e1cie BinaryAST nepou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 funkcie a zbyto\u010dn\u00fd k\u00f3d, na ktor\u00fd sa pri anal\u00fdze na strane preh\u013ead\u00e1va\u010da m\u00ed\u0148a \u010das ako na rozbor, tak na prenos zbyto\u010dn\u00e9ho trafficu.<\/p>\n

Zauj\u00edmavos\u0165ou BinaryAST je aj mo\u017enos\u0165 obnovi\u0165 \u010ditate\u013en\u00fd JavaScript, ktor\u00fd nie je presne identick\u00fd s p\u00f4vodn\u00fdm variantom, ale je semanticky ekvivalentn\u00fd a zah\u0155\u0148a tie ist\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy premenn\u00fdch a funkci\u00ed (BinaryAST uchov\u00e1va n\u00e1zvy, ale neuchov\u00e1va inform\u00e1cie o poz\u00edci\u00e1ch v k\u00f3de, form\u00e1tovan\u00ed a koment\u00e1roch). Na druhej strane to prin\u00e1\u0161a nov\u00e9 vektory \u00fatokov, no pod\u013ea n\u00e1zoru v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rov s\u00fa tieto hrozby zna\u010dne men\u0161ie a lep\u0161ie kontrolovate\u013en\u00e9 ako pri alternat\u00edvach, ako je \u0161\u00edrenie bajtk\u00f3du.<\/p>\n

Testy k\u00f3du facebook.com uk\u00e1zali, \u017ee na anal\u00fdzu JavaScriptu sa m\u00ed\u0148a 10-15% v\u00fdkonu CPU a anal\u00fdza trv\u00e1 dlh\u0161ie ako generovanie bajtk\u00f3du a po\u010diato\u010dn\u00e9 vytv\u00e1ranie k\u00f3du pre JIT. V engine SpiderMonkey trv\u00e1 \u00fapln\u00e1 kon\u0161trukcia AST 500-800 ms a aplik\u00e1cia BinaryAST umo\u017enila tento \u010das skr\u00e1ti\u0165 o 70-90%.
\nCelkovo pre v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu webov\u00fdch frameworkov pri aplik\u00e1cii BinaryAST \u010das anal\u00fdzy JavaScriptu kles\u00e1 o 3-10% v re\u017eime bez optimaliz\u00e1cie a o 90-97% pri zapnut\u00ed re\u017eimu ignorovania nepou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch funkci\u00ed.
\nPri vykon\u00e1van\u00ed testovacieho JavaScriptov\u00e9ho bal\u00edka s ve\u013ekos\u0165ou 1,2 MB, pou\u017eitie BinaryAST umo\u017enilo skr\u00e1ti\u0165 \u010das spustenia z 338 na 314 ms na desktopovom syst\u00e9me (Intel i7) a z 2019 na 1455 ms na mobilnom zariaden\u00ed (HTC One M8).<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0418\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 Cloudflare, Mozilla, Facebook \u0438 Bloomberg \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442 BinaryAST \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 JavaScript \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0435. 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[…]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":25564,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-33901","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Cloudflare, Mozilla a Facebook rozv\u00edjaj\u00fa BinaryAST na ur\u00fdchlenie na\u010d\u00edtania JavaScriptu | ProHoster","description":"In\u017einieri z spolo\u010dnost\u00ed Cloudflare, Mozilla, Facebook a Bloomberg navrhli nov\u00fd 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