{"id":34244,"date":"2019-10-31T21:57:10","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:57:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/o-lokalizatsii-produktov-chast-pervaya-s-chego-nachat\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:57:10","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:57:10","slug":"o-lokalizatsii-produktov-chast-pervaya-s-chego-nachat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/o-lokalizatsii-produktov-chast-pervaya-s-chego-nachat","title":{"rendered":"O lokaliz\u00e1cii produktov. Prv\u00e1 \u010das\u0165: ako za\u010da\u0165?","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Vytvorili ste vlastn\u00fd program alebo hru a teraz ju chcete pred\u00e1va\u0165 po celom svete. Pravdepodobne bude potrebn\u00e9 lokalizova\u0165 grafick\u00e9 rozhranie a \u2014 ide\u00e1lne \u2014 aj dokument\u00e1ciu.<\/p>\n

Odkia\u013e za\u010da\u0165? Ako si vybra\u0165, kto bude vykon\u00e1va\u0165 preklad? Ako sa ur\u010d\u00ed cena? O tom bude re\u010d v \u010dl\u00e1nku n\u00e1\u0161ho technick\u00e9ho spisovate\u013ea Andreja Starovoitova.<\/p>\n

\"O <\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Krok 1 \u2013 ur\u010dte, do ak\u00fdch jazykov budete preklada\u0165<\/h3>\n

\nNa za\u010diatok je potrebn\u00e9 ur\u010di\u0165, na ak\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tne trhy sa chcete dosta\u0165. Od toho bude z\u00e1visie\u0165 s\u00fabor jazykov, do ktor\u00fdch bude potrebn\u00e9 lokalizova\u0165 v\u00e1\u0161 produkt. Ak si nie ste \u00faplne ist\u00ed, m\u00f4\u017eete za\u010da\u0165 s angli\u010dtinou \u2013 tento jazyk sa na celom svete u\u010d\u00ed ako univerz\u00e1lny prostriedok komunik\u00e1cie. Aby ste roz\u0161\u00edrili pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 v Eur\u00f3pe, m\u00f4\u017eete zva\u017eova\u0165 aj hlavn\u00e9 jazyky Star\u00e9ho kontinentu \u2013 nem\u010dinu, franc\u00faz\u0161tinu, \u0161paniel\u010dinu a talian\u010dinu.<\/p>\n

Ak pl\u00e1nujete vst\u00fapi\u0165 do \u00c1zie, v prvom rade potrebujete japon\u010dinu (mnoh\u00ed japonsk\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edci doslova vy\u017eaduj\u00fa, aby bol produkt prelo\u017een\u00fd do japon\u010diny), ako aj \u010d\u00edn\u0161tinu a k\u00f3rej\u010dinu.<\/p>\n

Krok 2 \u2013 ur\u010dte, kto bude preklada\u0165<\/h3>\n

\nPo tom, ako ste si ur\u010dili, do ak\u00fdch jazykov potrebujete preklada\u0165 dokument\u00e1ciu, nast\u00e1va \u010fal\u0161ia d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka \u2013 kto to bude robi\u0165?<\/p>\n

\"O
\n
\nExistuj\u00fa 3 mo\u017enosti \u2013 zamestnanci, freelanceri, prekladate\u013esk\u00e1 spolo\u010dnos\u0165. Pozrime sa na v\u00fdhody a nev\u00fdhody ka\u017ed\u00e9ho z nich:<\/p>\n

1) Zamestnanci:<\/b><\/p>\n

V\u00fdhody: <\/i><\/p>\n

++ tak\u00edto prekladatelia zvy\u010dajne dobre poznaj\u00fa produkt; lep\u0161ie ch\u00e1pu, ako formulova\u0165 vetu zrozumite\u013enej\u0161ie, kde je potrebn\u00e9 prelo\u017ei\u0165 krat\u0161ie a kde m\u00f4\u017eu necha\u0165 detaily, aby bol text jasnej\u0161\u00ed pre u\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea;<\/p>\n

++ budete ma\u0165 istotu, \u017ee texty konzistentne preklad\u00e1 t\u00e1 ist\u00e1 osoba; m\u00f4\u017eete efekt\u00edvnej\u0161ie riadi\u0165 proces \u2013 opravova\u0165 prekladate\u013ea v pr\u00edpade, \u017ee sa zd\u00e1, \u017ee nie\u010do nejde pod\u013ea pl\u00e1nu. V skratke, tak\u00e9to preklady bud\u00fa najkvalitnej\u0161ie.<\/p>\n

Nev\u00fdhody:<\/i><\/p>\n

\u2014 \u2014 st\u00e1lych prekladate\u013eov je potrebn\u00e9 zamestna\u0165, a to si vy\u017eaduje trval\u00fd plat, soci\u00e1lny bal\u00edk + pracovn\u00e9 miesto \u2013 v s\u00fahrne to vo v\u00fdsledku vyjde ve\u013emi draho.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1ver: ak m\u00e1te ve\u013ek\u00fa spolo\u010dnos\u0165 a neust\u00e1le s\u00fa texty na preklad, potrebujete ma\u0165 st\u00e1lyho prekladate\u013ea. Ak nie, mali by ste zv\u00e1\u017ei\u0165 in\u00e9 mo\u017enosti.<\/p>\n

2) Freelancer. <\/b><\/p>\n

Ak potrebujete prelo\u017ei\u0165 trochu textu (napr\u00edklad lokalizova\u0165 mal\u00fa hru pre smartf\u00f3ny) a na\u0161li ste dobr\u00e9ho odborn\u00edka, potom by t\u00e1to mo\u017enos\u0165 mohla by\u0165 pre v\u00e1s najvhodnej\u0161ia zo v\u0161etk\u00fdch ostatn\u00fdch.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdhody:<\/i>
\n++ vyjde relat\u00edvne lacno. Ko\u013eko \u017eiadali za preklad \u2013 to\u013eko ste aj zaplatili.<\/p>\n

Nev\u00fdhody: <\/i>
\nPri prekladate\u013eovi-freelancerovi je v\u017edy potrebn\u00e9 ma\u0165 na pam\u00e4ti nasleduj\u00face body:<\/p>\n

a) Ak sa n\u00e1hodou objav\u00ed \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e1 z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e pred vydan\u00edm a bude potrebn\u00e9 r\u00fdchlo prelo\u017ei\u0165 ve\u013ek\u00e9 mno\u017estvo textu \u2013 bude to freelancerovi mo\u017en\u00e9?<\/p>\n

b) Ak sa v\u00e1m odborn\u00edk zap\u00e1\u010di a budete sa na neho ob\u010das obraca\u0165, tak v nejakom momente, ke\u010f poc\u00edti svoju dopytovos\u0165, m\u00f4\u017ee zna\u010dne zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 ceny za slu\u017eby.<\/p>\n

c) Pri pr\u00e1ci s freelancerom je potrebn\u00e9 d\u00f4kladne vypracova\u0165 a prediskutova\u0165 zmluvu \u2013 ceny za preklad; term\u00edny prekladu; bude tento odborn\u00edk opravova\u0165 text bezplatne, ak sa v\u00e1m nie\u010do v preklade nebude p\u00e1\u010di\u0165, bude sa pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 nejak\u00fd syst\u00e9m automatizovan\u00e9ho prekladu, a ak \u00e1no, ak\u00fd; odovzdaj\u00fa v\u00e1m pam\u00e4\u0165 prekladov (translation memory), ak sa rozhodnete zmeni\u0165 odborn\u00edka.<\/p>\n

d) preto\u017ee freelancer nie je ve\u013emi obozn\u00e1men\u00fd s va\u0161\u00edm produktom, budete mu musie\u0165 poskytn\u00fa\u0165 podrobn\u00e9 koment\u00e1re (najm\u00e4 pre texty z rozhrania) \u2013 kde sa pou\u017e\u00edva ktor\u00e1 fr\u00e1za, \u010do preklada\u0165 v infinit\u00edve a \u010do v imperat\u00edve, kde treba by\u0165 stru\u010dnej\u0161\u00ed a kde je mo\u017en\u00e9 dlh\u0161ie, \u010do znamen\u00e1 ten alebo onen term\u00edn a tak \u010falej. Toto v\u0161etko je nevyhnutn\u00e9 urobi\u0165, aby bol preklad nakoniec kvalitn\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1ver: ak preklad\u00e1te m\u00e1lo a chcete u\u0161etri\u0165, mo\u017eno m\u00e1 zmysel obr\u00e1ti\u0165 sa na freelancera \u2013 pozrite sa na situ\u00e1ciu.<\/p>\n

3) Prekladate\u013esk\u00e1 spolo\u010dnos\u0165. <\/b>
\nAk m\u00e1te dostato\u010dne ve\u013ek\u00e9 objemy na preklad, ale s kol\u00edsav\u00fdm \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00fdm dopytom (niekedy ve\u013ea, niekedy stredne, niekedy m\u00e1lo), potom by st\u00e1lo za to uzavrie\u0165 zmluvu s prekladate\u013eskou spolo\u010dnos\u0165ou (hne\u010f poviem, \u017ee my v Parallels sme si zvolili pr\u00e1ve tento sp\u00f4sob.)<\/p>\n

V\u00fdhody:<\/i><\/p>\n

++ Tak\u00e9to spolo\u010dnosti zvy\u010dajne disponuj\u00fa vlastn\u00fdm t\u00edmom prekladate\u013eov.<\/p>\n

++ Podpisujete zmluvu o ml\u010danlivosti (NDA \u2013 non-disclosure agreement), v ktorej presne \u0161pecifikujete v\u0161etky aspekty: pr\u00e1va, povinnosti, ceny, term\u00edny.<\/p>\n

++ Naj\u010dastej\u0161ie sa cena v zmluve uv\u00e1dza za cel\u00fd komplex slu\u017eieb. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee v\u00e1m pridelia osobn\u00e9ho mana\u017e\u00e9ra, ktor\u00fd sa bude zaobera\u0165 iba va\u0161ou firmou. Ak potrebujete nie\u010do prelo\u017ei\u0165 \u2013 po\u0161lete mu to. On potom priprav\u00ed s\u00fabory pre prekladate\u013eov (o tom sa podrobnej\u0161ie zmienim nesk\u00f4r), rozhodne, ktor\u00fd prekladate\u013e sa bude zaobera\u0165 va\u0161ou objedn\u00e1vkou, rozdel\u00ed pr\u00e1cu, zhroma\u017ed\u00ed ot\u00e1zky od prekladate\u013eov a prenesie im va\u0161e odpovede, a po\u0161le v\u00e1m prelo\u017een\u00e9 s\u00fabory. Skr\u00e1tka, poslali ste nie\u010do na preklad, a v\u0161etko ostatn\u00e9 sa u\u017e vyrie\u0161i v prekladate\u013eskej spolo\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n

Nev\u00fdhody:<\/i><\/p>\n

\u2014 Preklady prostredn\u00edctvom takejto spolo\u010dnosti bud\u00fa drah\u0161ie ako prostredn\u00edctvom freelancera (aj ke\u010f lacnej\u0161ie ako cez intern\u00e9ho prekladate\u013ea).<\/p>\n

\u2014 Rovnako ako v pr\u00edpade freelancerov, prekladatelia spolo\u010dnosti nepoznaj\u00fa v\u00e1\u0161 produkt a vidia fr\u00e1zy\/text mimo celkov\u00e9ho kontextu. Preto, aby ste dostali kvalitn\u00fd preklad, budete tie\u017e musie\u0165 robi\u0165 podrobn\u00e9 koment\u00e1re so screenshotmi, poskytn\u00fa\u0165 vzdialen\u00fd pr\u00edstup, robi\u0165 n\u00e1zorn\u00e9 video o produkte a tak \u010falej.<\/p>\n

Krok 3 \u2013 vyberte, kto konkr\u00e9tne bude preklada\u0165<\/h3>\n

\nKe\u010f\u017ee spolupracujeme s prekladate\u013eskou spolo\u010dnos\u0165ou, venujeme tejto ot\u00e1zke osobitn\u00fa pozornos\u0165, no nie\u010do z ni\u017e\u0161ie uveden\u00e9ho m\u00f4\u017eete pou\u017ei\u0165 aj pri v\u00fdbere freelancera alebo intern\u00e9ho prekladate\u013ea.<\/p>\n

Samozrejme, je dobr\u00e9, ak v\u00e1m niekto osobne m\u00f4\u017ee odporu\u010di\u0165 prekladate\u013ea. Ak nie, m\u00f4\u017eete si v Google n\u00e1js\u0165 r\u00f4zne prekladate\u013esk\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti, zostavi\u0165 short list a potom vybra\u0165. <\/p>\n

Pri v\u00fdbere venujte pozornos\u0165 nasleduj\u00facim veciam:<\/p>\n

1) Kvalita prekladu<\/b> <\/p>\n

Ur\u010dite po\u017eiadajte o prelo\u017eenie nie\u010doho z va\u0161ej tematicky relevantnej oblasti ako testovaciu \u00falohu.
\nSamozrejme, bolo by dobr\u00e9, keby ste mali odborn\u00edka, ktor\u00fd by mohol pos\u00fadi\u0165 kvalitu prekladu.
\nV z\u00e1sade m\u00f4\u017eete sami pos\u00fadi\u0165 kvalitu prekladu do ru\u0161tiny (ak vytv\u00e1rate produkt v angli\u010dtine). Alebo kvalitu prekladu do angli\u010dtiny \u2013 ur\u010dite niekto z va\u0161ich priate\u013eov\/zn\u00e1mych\/pr\u00edbuzn\u00fdch dobre ovl\u00e1da angli\u010dtinu.<\/p>\n

V pr\u00edpade in\u00fdch jazykov (najm\u00e4 \u00e1zijsk\u00fdch) mo\u017eno bude potrebn\u00e9 obr\u00e1ti\u0165 sa na niekoho zvonka. M\u00f4\u017eete ho h\u013eada\u0165 cez zn\u00e1mych alebo soci\u00e1lne siete. Sk\u00fasi\u0165 sa m\u00f4\u017eete obr\u00e1ti\u0165 aj na in\u00fa prekladate\u013esk\u00fa spolo\u010dnos\u0165, ale tu je jeden nuans \u2013 m\u00f4\u017eu v\u00e1m poveda\u0165, \u017ee v\u0161etko je zl\u00e9, aby v\u00e1m pon\u00fakli svoje slu\u017eby.<\/p>\n

2) Form\u00e1t s\u00faborov na preklad<\/b><\/p>\n

Vopred si ur\u010dte, v akom form\u00e1te v\u00e1m bude pohodln\u00e9 posiela\u0165 a prij\u00edma\u0165 s\u00fabory na preklad (xml, xliff, po, a pod.) a overte si, \u010di tak\u00fd form\u00e1t prekladate\u013esk\u00e1 spolo\u010dnos\u0165 podporuje.<\/p>\n

3) Term\u00edny prekladu <\/b><\/p>\n

Dohodnite sa, ak\u00e9 bud\u00fa priemern\u00e9 lehoty na preklad. Samozrejme, v\u0161etko z\u00e1vis\u00ed od objemu a zlo\u017eitosti textu, ale v ka\u017edom pr\u00edpade je potrebn\u00e9 prediskutova\u0165 \u010dasov\u00e9 r\u00e1mce, napr\u00edklad 2-4 dni.
\nZa pr\u00edpadn\u00e9ho n\u00fadzov\u00e9ho stavu si ur\u010dite overte, \u010di bude mo\u017en\u00e9 zr\u00fdchli\u0165 proces, aby nedo\u0161lo k situ\u00e1ci\u00e1m, kedy potrebujete nie\u010do prelo\u017ei\u0165 ve\u013emi r\u00fdchlo pre naliehav\u00fa aktualiz\u00e1ciu a v\u00e1m povedia, \u017ee pod\u013ea zmluvy sa to m\u00f4\u017ee natiahnu\u0165 na obdobie a\u017e 5 dn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

4) Minim\u00e1lny objem slov na preklad<\/b> <\/p>\n

Overte si, ak\u00fd by mal by\u0165 minim\u00e1lny objem slov na preklad, pri ktorom sa cena za lokaliz\u00e1ciu bude formova\u0165 \u201eza slovo\u201c, a nie za \u201elingvistick\u00fa hodinu\u201c. O podrobnostiach ceny \u201eza slovo\u201c a \u201eza hodinu\u201c sa dozviete o \u010dosi \u010falej.<\/p>\n

5) Cena <\/b><\/p>\n

To je pomerne zlo\u017eit\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka. Ke\u010f po\u017eiadate o uv\u00e1dzanie cien za slu\u017eby, ur\u010dite v\u00e1m po\u0161l\u00fa ceny ako za nov\u00e9 slov\u00e1, tak aj za slov\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 spadaj\u00fa do r\u00f4znych kateg\u00f3ri\u00ed \u2013 context match, repetitions, low fuzzy, high fuzzy...<\/p>\n

O v\u0161etk\u00fdch t\u00fdchto kateg\u00f3ri\u00e1ch, \u010do znamenaj\u00fa, odkia\u013e poch\u00e1dzaj\u00fa, ako sa vypo\u010d\u00edtava cena, sa podobne porozpr\u00e1vame v druhej \u010dasti tohto \u010dl\u00e1nku. <\/p>\n

Medzit\u00fdm sa pok\u00faste odhadn\u00fa\u0165 celkov\u00fa \u00farove\u0148 ceny pod\u013ea svojich finan\u010dn\u00fdch mo\u017enost\u00ed a \u00farovne pohodlia pri pr\u00e1ci s prekladate\u013emi.<\/p>\n

Niekedy n\u00edzka cena m\u00f4\u017ee nazna\u010dova\u0165, \u017ee spolo\u010dnos\u0165 vedome podhodnocuje, nem\u00e1 v t\u00edme kvalitn\u00fdch odborn\u00edkov a n\u00e1sledkom toho poskytuje nekvalitn\u00e9 preklady. M\u00f4\u017ee to v\u0161ak by\u0165 aj inak \u2013 spolo\u010dnos\u0165 pracuje poctivo a n\u00edzkou cenou sa jednoducho sna\u017e\u00ed uchyti\u0165 na trhu prekladate\u013esk\u00fdch slu\u017eieb. Niekedy sa st\u00e1va, \u017ee sa ceny za preklady r\u00f4znych kateg\u00f3ri\u00ed slov l\u00ed\u0161ia medzi spolo\u010dnos\u0165ami. Napr\u00edklad jedna spolo\u010dnos\u0165 pon\u00fakne preklad za $0.23 za slovo, zatia\u013e \u010do druh\u00e1 za $0.21. Mohlo by sa zda\u0165, \u017ee druh\u00e1 bude lacnej\u0161ia, ale jej cena za preklady high fuzzy matches je vy\u0161\u0161ia ako u prvej a nakoniec to vyjde rovnako, alebo dokonca dr\u00e1\u017e (podrobn\u00e1 anal\u00fdza r\u00f4znych kateg\u00f3ri\u00ed \u2013 context match, repetitions, low fuzzy, high fuzzy \u2013 bude spraven\u00e1 v druhej \u010dasti \u010dl\u00e1nku.)<\/p>\n

6) Zistite, ako spolo\u010dnos\u0165 vypo\u010d\u00edtava cenu za preklad <\/b>
\nPo\u017eiadate\u013ete spolo\u010dnos\u0165 o to, aby ohodnotila, ko\u013eko by st\u00e1lo prelo\u017eenie po\u017eadovan\u00e9ho textu, a pozorne si pre\u0161tudujte, ako bude zostaven\u00e1 cenov\u00e1 ponuka \u2013 podrobnosti cenn\u00edka.<\/p>\n

Ak v\u00e1m po\u0161l\u00fa jednoduch\u00fa, zjavne vyroben\u00fa na kolene, tabu\u013eku v Exceli s 2 riadkami: \u201eslov to\u013eko a cena tak\u00e1\u201c \u2013 to je d\u00f4vod na pochybnosti o seri\u00f3znosti takejto spolo\u010dnosti. Ide o to, \u017ee prekladatelia v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa r\u00f4zne CAT n\u00e1stroje \u2013 automatizovan\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, ktor\u00e9 pom\u00e1haj\u00fa pri prekladoch. To neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee robia strojov\u00fd preklad. Tieto syst\u00e9my len umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa analyzova\u0165 va\u0161e s\u00fabory, ur\u010di\u0165, ko\u013eko nov\u00fdch fragmentov textu bude potrebn\u00e9 prelo\u017ei\u0165, \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 prevzat\u00e9 z predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facich prekladov (translation memory), ako najlep\u0161ie prelo\u017ei\u0165 dan\u00fd term\u00edn a tak \u010falej. Po takejto anal\u00fdze tieto syst\u00e9my rozde\u013euj\u00fa text do kateg\u00f3ri\u00ed a, v z\u00e1vislosti od po\u010dtu slov v ka\u017edej kateg\u00f3rii, automaticky vypo\u010d\u00edtavaj\u00fa kone\u010dn\u00fa cenu za preklad. Tak\u00fdto pr\u00edstup v\u00fdrazne zni\u017euje riziko \u013eudskej chyby.<\/p>\n

Ni\u017e\u0161ie je uveden\u00fd pr\u00edklad takejto cenovej ponuky:<\/b><\/p>\n

\"O
\n
\n\"O
\n
\n\"O
\n
\n\"O
\n
\nV nasleduj\u00facej \u010dasti \u010dl\u00e1nku podrobnej\u0161ie presk\u00famame, ako prebehne interakcia s prekladate\u013eskou spolo\u010dnos\u0165ou, za ak\u00e9 slu\u017eby bude \u00fa\u010dtovan\u00e1 cena, na ak\u00e9 kateg\u00f3rie bude rozdelen\u00fd text, ktor\u00fd je potrebn\u00e9 prelo\u017ei\u0165, a ako sa vypo\u010d\u00edtava kone\u010dn\u00e1 cena za preklad. <\/p>\n

Pokra\u010dovanie nasleduje…<\/i>
\n
Zdroj: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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