{"id":34430,"date":"2019-10-31T21:58:16","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:58:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/pochemu-inzhenery-ne-zabotyatsya-o-monitoringe-prilozhenij\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:58:16","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:58:16","slug":"pochemu-inzhenery-ne-zabotyatsya-o-monitoringe-prilozhenij","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/administrirovanie\/pochemu-inzhenery-ne-zabotyatsya-o-monitoringe-prilozhenij","title":{"rendered":"Pre\u010do in\u017einieri nemaj\u00fa z\u00e1ujem o monitorovanie aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed?","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u0161etk\u00fdm prajem \u0161\u0165astn\u00fd piatok! Priatelia, dnes pokra\u010dujeme v s\u00e9rii publik\u00e1ci\u00ed venovan\u00fdch kurzu \u201ePraktiky a n\u00e1stroje DevOps\u201c<\/a><\/noindex>, preto\u017ee hodiny v novej skupine kurzu za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00fa u\u017e na konci bud\u00faceho t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148a. Tak\u017ee, po\u010fme na to!<\/p>\n

\"Pre\u010do
\n
\nMonitorovanie \u2014 to je jednoduch\u00fd<\/b>. To je zn\u00e1my fakt. Spustite Nagios, nastavte NRPE na vzdialenom syst\u00e9me, nakonfigurujte Nagios na porte NRPE TCP 5666 a m\u00e1te monitorovanie.<\/p>\n

Je to tak\u00e9 jednoduch\u00e9, \u017ee to ani nie je zauj\u00edmav\u00e9. Teraz m\u00e1te z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 metriky CPU \u010dasu, diskov\u00e9ho subsyst\u00e9mu a opera\u010dnej pam\u00e4te, ktor\u00e9 sa dostan\u00fa do Nagios a NRPE ako predvolen\u00e9. Ale v skuto\u010dnosti to nie je \"monitorovanie\" v pravom slova zmysle. To je len za\u010diatok.<\/p>\n

(Obvykle sa in\u0161taluje PNP4Nagios, RRDtool a Thruk, nastavuj\u00fa sa upozornenia v Slacker a id\u00fa priamo na nagiosexchange, ale zatia\u013e to vynechajme).<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Dobr\u00fd monitoring<\/b> je v skuto\u010dnosti dos\u0165 zlo\u017eit\u00fd, naozaj potrebujete pozna\u0165 vn\u00fatro aplik\u00e1cie, ktor\u00fa sledujete.<\/p>\n

Je monitoring zlo\u017eit\u00fd?<\/h2>\n

\nKa\u017ed\u00fd server, nech u\u017e je to Linux alebo Windows, bude ma\u0165 nejak\u00fd \u00fa\u010del. Apache, Samba, Tomcat, \u00falo\u017eisko s\u00faborov, LDAP \u2014 v\u0161etky tieto slu\u017eby s\u00fa viac-menej jedine\u010dn\u00e9 v jednom alebo viacer\u00fdch oh\u013eadoch. Ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u00e1 svoju funkciu, svoje \u0161pecifik\u00e1. Existuj\u00fa r\u00f4zne sp\u00f4soby z\u00edskavania metr\u00edk, KPI (k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdch ukazovate\u013eov v\u00fdkonnosti), ktor\u00e9 v\u00e1s zauj\u00edmaj\u00fa, ke\u010f je server pod z\u00e1\u0165a\u017eou.<\/p>\n

\"Pre\u010do
\nAutor fotografie Luke Chesser<\/a><\/noindex> na Unsplash
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n

( chcela by som, aby moje dashboardy boli natret\u00e9 v ne\u00f3novo modr\u00fdch farb\u00e1ch \u2014 sn\u00edvavo vzdychaj\u00fac \u2014\u2026 hm\u2026)<\/p>\n

Ak\u00fdko\u013evek softv\u00e9r, ktor\u00fd poskytuje slu\u017eby, by mal ma\u0165 mechanizmus na zbieranie metr\u00edk. Apache m\u00e1 modul mod-status<\/code>, ktor\u00fd zobrazuje stavov\u00fa str\u00e1nku servera. Nginx m\u00e1 stub_status<\/code>. Tomcat m\u00e1 JMX alebo \u0161peci\u00e1lne webov\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e9 ukazuj\u00fa k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 metriky. V MySQL je pr\u00edkaz \"show global status\" at\u010f.
\nTak pre\u010do v\u00fdvoj\u00e1ri nevkladaj\u00fa tak\u00e9to mechanizmy do aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa?<\/p>\n

Robia to len v\u00fdvoj\u00e1ri?<\/h2>\n

\nUr\u010dit\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 \u013eahostajnosti vo\u010di vkladaniu metr\u00edk nie je obmedzen\u00e1 len na v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rov. Pracoval som v spolo\u010dnostiach, kde vyv\u00edjali aplik\u00e1cie pomocou Tomcat a nevyd\u00e1vali \u017eiadne svoje metriky, \u017eiadne denn\u00edky aktivity slu\u017eby, okrem v\u0161eobecn\u00fdch ch\u00fdb Tomcat. Niektor\u00ed v\u00fdvoj\u00e1ri generuj\u00fa mno\u017estvo denn\u00edkov, ktor\u00e9 pre sysadmina, ktor\u00e9mu sa smolu \u010d\u00edta\u0165 o 3:15 r\u00e1no, nemaj\u00fa \u017eiadny v\u00fdznam.<\/p>\n

\"Pre\u010do
\nAutor fotografie Tim Gouw<\/a><\/noindex> na Unsplash<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n

Syst\u00e9mov\u00ed in\u017einieri, ktor\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa t\u00fdmto produktom vyjs\u0165 na trh, by mali nies\u0165 ur\u010dit\u00fa zodpovednos\u0165 za situ\u00e1ciu. Iba m\u00e1loktor\u00ed syst\u00e9mov\u00ed in\u017einieri maj\u00fa \u010das a zauj\u00edmaj\u00fa sa o to, aby sa pok\u00fasili z\u00edska\u0165 v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 metriky z logov, bez kontextu t\u00fdchto metr\u00edk a mo\u017enosti ich interpret\u00e1cie v s\u00favislosti s aktivitou aplik\u00e1cie. Niektor\u00ed nech\u00e1pu, ak\u00fa hodnotu m\u00f4\u017eu z toho z\u00edska\u0165, okrem indik\u00e1torov typu \u201enie\u010do moment\u00e1lne (alebo \u010doskoro) nie je v poriadku\u201c.<\/p>\n

Zmena myslenia o potrebe metr\u00edk by sa mala uskuto\u010dni\u0165 nielen medzi v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rmi, ale aj medzi syst\u00e9mov\u00fdmi in\u017einiermi.<\/p>\n

Pre ka\u017ed\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mov\u00e9ho in\u017einiera, ktor\u00fd mus\u00ed nielen reagova\u0165 na kritick\u00e9 udalosti, ale aj zabezpe\u010di\u0165 ich absenciu, je absencia metr\u00edk zvy\u010dajne prek\u00e1\u017ekou.<\/p>\n

Syst\u00e9mov\u00ed in\u017einieri zvy\u010dajne nedokop\u00e1vaj\u00fa do k\u00f3du, aby zarobili peniaze pre svoju spolo\u010dnos\u0165. Potrebuj\u00fa ved\u00facich v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rov, ktor\u00ed ch\u00e1pu d\u00f4le\u017eitos\u0165 zodpovednosti syst\u00e9mov\u00e9ho in\u017einiera pri identifik\u00e1cii probl\u00e9mov, zvy\u0161ovan\u00ed povedomia o probl\u00e9moch s v\u00fdkonom a podobne.<\/p>\n

T\u00e1to devops z\u00e1le\u017eitos\u0165<\/h2>\n

\nMyslenie devops opisuje synergick\u00e9 zm\u00fd\u0161\u013eanie v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rov (dev) a prev\u00e1dzky (ops). Ak\u00e1ko\u013evek spolo\u010dnos\u0165, ktor\u00e1 tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee rob\u00ed devops, by mala:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. hovori\u0165 to, \u010do pravdepodobne nerobia (nar\u00e1\u017eka na meme z filmu \u201aPrincezn\u00e1 nevesty\u2018 \u2014 \u201aNemysl\u00edm si, \u017ee to znamen\u00e1 to, \u010do si mysl\u00ed\u0161, \u017ee to znamen\u00e1!\u2018)<\/li>\n
  2. podporova\u0165 postoj neust\u00e1leho zlep\u0161ovania produktu.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \nNem\u00f4\u017eete zlep\u0161i\u0165 produkt a vedie\u0165, \u017ee bol zlep\u0161en\u00fd, ak neviete, ako v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti funguje. Nebudete m\u00f4c\u0165 zisti\u0165, ako produkt funguje, ak nerozumiete, ako funguj\u00fa jeho komponenty, slu\u017eby, na ktor\u00fdch z\u00e1vis\u00ed, jeho hlavn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my a \u00fazke miesta.
    \nAk nesledujete potenci\u00e1lne \u00fazke miesta, nebudete m\u00f4c\u0165 pou\u017ei\u0165 techniku \u201eP\u00e4\u0165 pre\u010do\u201c pri p\u00edsan\u00ed postmortem spr\u00e1vy. Nebudete m\u00f4c\u0165 zhroma\u017edi\u0165 v\u0161etko na jednom displeji, aby ste videli, ako produkt funguje alebo aby ste zistili, ako vyzer\u00e1 \u201enorm\u00e1lne a \u0161\u0165astne\u201c.<\/p>\n

    Posun do\u013eava, DO\u013dAVA, POVEDAL SOM, DO\u013dAVA\u2014 <\/h2>\n

    \nPre m\u0148a je jedn\u00fdm z k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdch princ\u00edpov Devops \u201ePosun do\u013eava\u201c (shift left). Posun do\u013eava v tomto kontexte znamen\u00e1 posunutie schopnosti (nie zodpovednosti<\/b>, a len mo\u017enosti) robi\u0165 to, o \u010do sa obvykle zauj\u00edmaj\u00fa syst\u00e9mov\u00ed in\u017einieri, napr\u00edklad vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 metriky v\u00fdkonu, efekt\u00edvnej\u0161ie vyu\u017e\u00edva\u0165 logy at\u010f. v r\u00e1mci \u017eivotn\u00e9ho cyklu dod\u00e1vky softv\u00e9ru (Software Delivery Life Cycle).<\/p>\n

    \"Pre\u010do
    \nAutor fotografie     NESA od Makers<\/a><\/noindex> na Unsplash<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n

    V\u00fdvoj\u00e1ri softv\u00e9ru by mali ma\u0165 mo\u017enos\u0165 pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 a pozna\u0165 n\u00e1stroje monitorovania, ktor\u00e9 firma vyu\u017e\u00edva na monitorovanie vo v\u0161etk\u00fdch jeho form\u00e1ch, metrik\u00e1ch, logovan\u00ed, monitorovac\u00edch rozhraniach a, \u010do je najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ie, sledova\u0165, ako ich produkt funguje v produkcii.<\/i>. Nem\u00f4\u017eete don\u00fati\u0165 v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rov venova\u0165 \u010das a \u00fasilie monitorovaniu, pokia\u013e nebud\u00fa m\u00f4c\u0165 vidie\u0165 metriky a ovplyvni\u0165 to, ako vyzeraj\u00fa, ako im ich produktov\u00fd majite\u013e predstav\u00ed CTO na nasleduj\u00facom br\u00edfingu at\u010f.<\/p>\n

    In\u00fdmi slovami<\/h2>\n

    <\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Dosta\u0148te ko\u0148a k vode. Uk\u00e1\u017ete v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rom, ak\u00fdm probl\u00e9mom sa m\u00f4\u017eu vyhn\u00fa\u0165, pom\u00f4\u017ete im ur\u010di\u0165 spr\u00e1vne KPI a metriky pre ich aplik\u00e1cie, aby bol men\u0161\u00ed krik od produktov\u00e9ho vlastn\u00edka, na ktor\u00e9ho kri\u010d\u00ed technick\u00fd riadite\u013e (CTO). Vyve\u010fte ich na svetlo, jemne a pokojne. Ak sa to nepodar\u00ed, podpl\u00e1cajte, vyhr\u00e1\u017eajte sa a presvied\u010dajte bu\u010f ich, alebo produktov\u00e9ho vlastn\u00edka, aby \u010do najsk\u00f4r realizovali z\u00edskanie t\u00fdchto metr\u00edk z aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed a potom nakreslite diagramy. Bude to \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9, preto\u017ee to nebude pova\u017eovan\u00e9 za prioritu a v produktovom pl\u00e1ne bude ve\u013ea \u010dakaj\u00facich projektov na realiz\u00e1ciu, ktor\u00e9 generuj\u00fa pr\u00edjmy. Preto budete potrebova\u0165 hospod\u00e1rske od\u00f4vodnenie, aby ste ospravedlnili \u010das a prostriedky vynalo\u017een\u00e9 na implement\u00e1ciu monitorovania do produktu.<\/li>\n
    2. Pom\u00f4\u017ete syst\u00e9mov\u00fdm in\u017einierom vyspa\u0165 sa. Uk\u00e1\u017ete im, \u017ee pou\u017e\u00edvanie kontroln\u00e9ho zoznamu \"vyd\u00e1vame vydanie\" pre ak\u00fdko\u013evek vyd\u00e1van\u00fd produkt je dobr\u00e9. A kontrola toho, \u010di v\u0161etky aplik\u00e1cie v produkte s\u00fa pokryt\u00e9 metrikami, pom\u00f4\u017ee dosiahnu\u0165 zdrav\u00fd sp\u00e1nok v noci, \u010do umo\u017en\u00ed v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rom vidie\u0165, \u010do a kde nefunguje. Napriek tomu je spr\u00e1vny sp\u00f4sob, ako roz\u010d\u00fali\u0165 a rozru\u0161i\u0165 ka\u017ed\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoj\u00e1ra, majite\u013ea produktu a technick\u00e9ho riadite\u013ea, d\u00f4razne vklada\u0165 klacky pod nohy a odporova\u0165. Toto spr\u00e1vanie ovplyvn\u00ed d\u00e1tum vydania ak\u00e9hoko\u013evek produktu, ak op\u00e4\u0165 \u010dak\u00e1te do poslednej min\u00faty, tak\u017ee znovu vykonajte posun v\u013eavo a \u010do najsk\u00f4r zahr\u0148te tieto ot\u00e1zky do pl\u00e1nu projektu. Ak je to potrebn\u00e9, preniknite na stretnutia t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa produktu. Noste falo\u0161n\u00e9 f\u00fazy a filcov\u00fa \u010diapku alebo nie\u010do podobn\u00e9, to nikdy nesklame. Ozn\u00e1mte svoje probl\u00e9my, uk\u00e1\u017ete zjavn\u00e9 v\u00fdhody a evanjelizujte.<\/li>\n
    3. Uistite sa, \u017ee ako v\u00fdvoj\u00e1ri (dev), tak aj oper\u00e1cie (ops) rozumej\u00fa v\u00fdznamu a d\u00f4sledkom prechodu metr\u00edk produktu do \"\u010dervenej z\u00f3ny\". Nenech\u00e1vajte oper\u00e1cie ako jedin\u00e9ho str\u00e1\u017ecu funk\u010dnosti produktu, uistite sa, \u017ee v\u00fdvoj\u00e1ri s\u00fa tie\u017e zapojen\u00ed do tohto procesu (#productsquads).<\/li>\n
    4. Logy s\u00fa skvel\u00e1 vec, ale aj metriky. Spojte ich a nenechajte, aby sa va\u0161e logy stali odpadom v obrovskom horiacej gu\u013e\u00f4\u010dke bezcennosti. Vysvetlite a uk\u00e1\u017ete v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rom, pre\u010do nikto okrem nich nepochop\u00ed ich logy, uk\u00e1\u017ete im, ak\u00e9 to je pozera\u0165 sa na bezcenn\u00e9 logy o 3:15 r\u00e1no.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \n\"Pre\u010do
      \nAutor fotografie       Marko Horvat<\/a><\/noindex> na Unsplash<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

      Na tomto je v\u0161etko. Nov\u00fd materi\u00e1l vyjde bud\u00faci t\u00fd\u017ede\u0148. Ak sa chcete dozvedie\u0165 viac o kurze, poz\u00fdvame v\u00e1s na de\u0148 otvoren\u00fdch dver\u00ed<\/a><\/noindex>, ktor\u00fd sa uskuto\u010dn\u00ed u\u017e v pondelok. A teraz tradi\u010dne \u010dak\u00e1me na va\u0161e koment\u00e1re.
      \n
      Zdroj:       habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      \u0412\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0441 \u043f\u044f\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439! \u0414\u0440\u0443\u0437\u044c\u044f, \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u043c\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0443 \u00abDevOps \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b\u00bb, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0437\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438. \u0418\u0442\u0430\u043a, \u043d\u0430\u0447\u043d\u0451\u043c! \u041c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442. \u041f\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435 Nagios, \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 NRPE \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435, \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0435 Nagios \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 NRPE TCP 5666 \u0438 \u0443 \u0432\u0430\u0441 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":25942,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-34430","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Pre\u010do in\u017einieri nedbaj\u00fa na monitorovanie aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed? 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