{"id":36825,"date":"2019-10-31T22:14:01","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:14:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/13-faktov-o-venchurnom-remesle-dlya-osnovatelej\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:14:01","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:14:01","slug":"13-faktov-o-venchurnom-remesle-dlya-osnovatelej","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/13-faktov-o-venchurnom-remesle-dlya-osnovatelej","title":{"rendered":"13 faktov o venture remesle pre zakladate\u013eov","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"13
\n
\nZoznam zauj\u00edmav\u00fdch \u0161tatistick\u00fdch faktov \u2013 na z\u00e1klade z\u00e1znamov z m\u00f4jho Telegramu Groks<\/a><\/noindex>. Op\u00edsan\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky r\u00f4znych \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed raz zmenili m\u00f4j poh\u013ead na rizikov\u00fd kapit\u00e1l a startupov\u00e9 prostredie. D\u00fafam, \u017ee tieto postrehy bud\u00fa u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 aj pre v\u00e1s, ktor\u00ed sa na svet kapit\u00e1lu pozer\u00e1te z poh\u013eadu zakladate\u013eov.<\/p>\n

1. Startupov\u00fd priemysel mizne na pozad\u00ed globaliz\u00e1cie<\/h2>\n

\nMlad\u00e9 firmy mlad\u0161ie ako dva roky predstavovali 13 % z cel\u00e9ho podnikania v USA v roku 1985, zatia\u013e \u010do v roku 2014 ich podiel u\u017e klesol na 8 %. Je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, \u017ee percentu\u00e1lny podiel zamestnancov v s\u00fakromnom sektore pracuj\u00facich pre tieto mlad\u00e9 firmy sa za toto obdobie takmer zdvojn\u00e1sobil.<\/p>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00fdm rokom je n\u00e1ro\u010dnej\u0161ie s\u00fa\u0165a\u017ei\u0165 o talenty s obrovsk\u00fdmi korpor\u00e1ciami<\/b>. V Quartz vysvetlili<\/a><\/noindex> tento jav podrobnej\u0161ie. Ch\u00e1pem, \u017ee \u0161tatistika sa t\u00fdka len t\u00fdch \"najslobodnej\u0161\u00edch\", ale som presved\u010den\u00fd, \u017ee do istej miery sa tento probl\u00e9m t\u00fdka ka\u017edej kapitalistickej krajiny.
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

2. Polovica v\u0161etk\u00fdch rizikov\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed sa nevracia<\/h2>\n

\nZ\u00e1rove\u0148 len 6 % v\u0161etk\u00fdch obchodov prin\u00e1\u0161a 60 % celkov\u00e9ho v\u00fdnosu, oznamuje<\/a><\/noindex> Ben Evans z Andreessen Horowitz. T\u00e9ma asimetrie<\/a><\/noindex> pe\u0148a\u017en\u00fdch tokov sa na tomto nekon\u010d\u00ed. Tak 1,2 % v\u0161etk\u00fdch rizikov\u00fdch obchodov pritiahlo<\/a><\/noindex> 25 % v\u0161etk\u00fdch rizikov\u00fdch dol\u00e1rov v roku 2018.<\/p>\n

Pre\u010do je to d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9? Preto\u017ee zakladatelia by mali myslie\u0165 ako investori<\/b>. A nielen ke\u010f pl\u00e1nuj\u00fa z\u00edska\u0165 financovanie, ale aj ke\u010f prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t uva\u017euj\u00fa o realiz\u00e1cii my\u0161lienky. Hoci je \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 myslie\u0165 tak\u00fdmi kateg\u00f3riami \u2013 len najlep\u0161ie investi\u010dn\u00e9 fondy na svete uskuto\u010dnili<\/a><\/noindex> 100 n\u00e1sobkov na najlep\u0161\u00edch svetov\u00fdch spolo\u010dnostiach.<\/p>\n

Samozrejme, sn\u00edva\u0165 nie je zl\u00e9, ale prijate\u013enej\u0161\u00edm cie\u013eom je 20 % IRR alebo tri n\u00e1sobky. Pozrite sa na tempo rastu, pre\u010d\u00edtajte si nie\u010do o princ\u00edpoch hodnotenia startupov rizikov\u00fdmi kapitalistami. Je po\u017eadovan\u00e1 miera n\u00e1vratnosti re\u00e1lna pre v\u00e1\u0161 projekt?<\/p>\n

3. Objem a po\u010det seedov\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed klesaj\u00fa<\/h2>\n

\nV roku 2013 podiel seedov\u00fdch obchodov na celkovom objeme rizikov\u00e9ho kapit\u00e1lu v USA predstavoval 36 %, zatia\u013e \u010do v roku 2018 tento ukazovate\u013e klesol<\/a><\/noindex> a\u017e 25%, pri\u010dom medi\u00e1n ve\u013ekosti kapit\u00e1lu pri po\u010diato\u010dnom financovan\u00ed v percent\u00e1ch vzr\u00e1stol viac ako v in\u00fdch kol\u00e1ch. Taktie\u017e existuj\u00fa \u00fadaje od Crunchbase, pod\u013ea ktor\u00fdch sa po\u010det invest\u00edci\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 nepresiahli 1 mili\u00f3n dol\u00e1rov, za posledn\u00fdch p\u00e4\u0165 rokov poklesol<\/a><\/noindex> takmer dvakr\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

Dnes je ove\u013ea \u0165a\u017e\u0161ie pritiahnu\u0165 pozornos\u0165 investora k projektu v po\u010diato\u010dnej f\u00e1ze<\/b>. Ve\u013ek\u00fdm \u2013 viac, mal\u00fdm \u2013 menej, ako predpovedal Marx.<\/p>\n

4. Interval medzi kolami financovania je dva roky<\/h2>\n

\nTento fakt zalo\u017een\u00fd<\/a><\/noindex> je zalo\u017een\u00fd na \u00fadajoch o rizikov\u00fdch transakci\u00e1ch za 18 rokov od za\u010diatku dvoch tis\u00edcok. S prib\u00fadaj\u00facimi rokmi sa pozoruje trval\u00fd trend v tempe z\u00edskavania kapit\u00e1lu. R\u00fdchlo rast\u00face jednoro\u017ece s\u00fa rozpt\u00fdlen\u00e9. S vedom\u00edm toho, prem\u00fd\u0161\u013eajte o rozpo\u010dte a bu\u010fte opatrnej\u0161\u00ed s v\u00fddavkami<\/b>, najm\u00e4 ak ste u\u017e uzavreli kolo v po\u010diato\u010dnej f\u00e1ze financovania.<\/p>\n

Predsa len, spa\u013eovanie existuj\u00facich prostriedkov je druhou naj\u010dastej\u0161ou pr\u00ed\u010dinou<\/a><\/noindex> krachu startupov. A nejde tu o to, \u017ee stratov\u00fd biznis utratil v\u0161etky svoje peniaze. Je to o pr\u00edpadoch uzatvorenia projektov s \u00faspe\u0161n\u00fdm obchodn\u00fdm modelom, kde sa zakladatelia nechali unies\u0165 rastom a spoliehali sa na r\u00fdchle pril\u00e1kanie nov\u00fdch prostriedkov.<\/p>\n

5. Akviz\u00edcia \u2013 najpravdepodobnej\u0161\u00ed cesta k \u00faspechu<\/h2>\n

\n97% exitov sa uskuto\u010d\u0148uje<\/a><\/noindex> pri M&A a len 3% pri IPO. Exit je ve\u013emi d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd, preto\u017ee pr\u00e1ve v tomto momente v\u00e1m, va\u0161ej t\u00edmu a va\u0161im investorom platia. Rizikov\u00ed kapitalisti \u017eij\u00fa exitmi, zatia\u013e \u010do zakladatelia na\u010falej sn\u00edvaj\u00fa o jednoro\u017ecoch, vyh\u00fdbaj\u00fac sa ak\u00fdmko\u013evek my\u0161lienkam na predaj svojej kreat\u00fary.<\/p>\n

Ale raz m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 u\u017e pr\u00edli\u0161 neskoro. Mnoh\u00ed podnikatelia preme\u0161kaj\u00fa poskytnut\u00fa pr\u00edle\u017eitos\u0165 zobra\u0165 peniaze, hoci v\u010dasn\u00e9 rozhodnutie preda\u0165 biznis m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 najlep\u0161\u00edm rozhodnut\u00edm<\/b>. Mimochodom, v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina exitov je vykonan\u00e1<\/a><\/noindex> v po\u010diato\u010dn\u00fdch f\u00e1zach: 25% pri po\u010diato\u010dnom financovan\u00ed, 44% \u2013 pred kolom B.<\/p>\n

6. Nedostatok dopytu na trhu \u2013 hlavn\u00e1 pr\u00ed\u010dina ne\u00faspechov startupov<\/h2>\n

\nAnalytici CB Insights uskuto\u010dnili prieskum medzi zakladate\u013emi uzavret\u00fdch startupov a vypracovali<\/a><\/noindex> zoznam 20 naj\u010dastej\u0161\u00edch d\u00f4vodov ne\u00faspechu novovznikaj\u00facich spolo\u010dnost\u00ed. Odpor\u00fa\u010dam obozn\u00e1mi\u0165 sa so v\u0161etk\u00fdmi, av\u0161ak tu spomeniem hlavn\u00fd \u2013 nedostatok dopytu na trhu.<\/p>\n

Podnikatelia ve\u013emi \u010dasto rie\u0161ia probl\u00e9my, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa pre nich zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 na rie\u0161enie, a nie sl\u00fa\u017eia potreb\u00e1m trhu. Zamilujte si svoj produkt, nevym\u00fd\u0161\u013eajte probl\u00e9my, testujte hypot\u00e9zy.<\/b>V\u00e1\u0161 empirick\u00fd z\u00e1\u017eitok nie je \u0161tatistika, objekt\u00edvne m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 iba \u010d\u00edsla. Na tomto mieste sa mus\u00edm podeli\u0165 o benchmarky<\/a><\/noindex> pre SaaS biznis od Stripe.<\/p>\n

7. Segment B2C2B je v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed, ako sa zd\u00e1.<\/h2>\n

\nNa ka\u017ed\u00fd dol\u00e1r, ktor\u00fd firmy vynakladaj\u00fa na n\u00e1kup IT rie\u0161en\u00ed, pripad\u00e1 \u010fal\u0161\u00edch 40 centov na priamych n\u00e1kupoch zo strany vrcholov\u00e9ho mana\u017ementu. Podstata je tak\u00e1, \u017ee B2B SaaS sa m\u00f4\u017ee zamera\u0165 nielen na korpor\u00e1tne predaje, ale aj na \u0161pecifick\u00fd segment B2C2B (business-to-consumer-to-business).<\/p>\n

A tento model n\u00e1kupu softv\u00e9ru je charakteristick\u00fd pre v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdch oddelen\u00ed vo firm\u00e1ch. Podrobnosti m\u00f4\u017eete n\u00e1js\u0165 v pozn\u00e1mke<\/a><\/noindex> venture kapit\u00e1n Tom\u00e1\u0161a Tunguzasa z Redpoint \u201ePre\u010do predaj zospodu je z\u00e1kladn\u00fd posun v SaaS\u201c.<\/p>\n

8. Ni\u017e\u0161ia cena je zlou konkuren\u010dnou v\u00fdhodou.<\/h2>\n

\nMnoh\u00ed s\u00fa presved\u010den\u00ed, \u017ee ak dok\u00e1\u017eu pon\u00faknu\u0165 ni\u017e\u0161iu cenu, \u010dak\u00e1 ich \u00faspech. Ale \u010dasy baz\u00e1rov s\u00fa u\u017e d\u00e1vno pre\u010d. Z\u00e1kazn\u00edcky servis je k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdm kame\u0148om ka\u017ed\u00e9ho produktu a existuje mno\u017estvo rozumn\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nkov, ktor\u00e9 potvrdzuj\u00fa t\u00fato my\u0161lienku. Navy\u0161e, k\u00fdm sa sna\u017e\u00edte zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 cenu, v\u00e1\u0161 konkurent ju m\u00f4\u017ee zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165, \u010d\u00edm si zv\u00fd\u0161i svoje pr\u00edjmy.<\/p>\n

Existuje skvel\u00fd pr\u00edklad<\/a><\/noindex> pr\u00edpad od telev\u00edzneho kan\u00e1la ESPN, ktor\u00fd pri\u0161iel o 13 mili\u00f3nov svojich predplatite\u013eov po zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed ceny o 54 %. A paradox je v tom, \u017ee pr\u00edjmy ESPN sa tie\u017e zv\u00fd\u0161ili takmer o rovnak\u00fdch 54 %. Mo\u017eno by ste mali zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 cenu, aby ste za\u010dali zar\u00e1ba\u0165 viac?<\/b> Mimochodom, vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed pr\u00edjem je jednou z najlep\u0161\u00edch konkuren\u010dn\u00fdch v\u00fdhod.<\/p>\n

9. Pareto z\u00e1kon sa vz\u0165ahuje na pr\u00edjmy z reklamy.<\/h2>\n

\nNa z\u00e1klade v\u00fdskumu<\/a><\/noindex> Pod\u013ea analytickej spolo\u010dnosti Soomla 20 % pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov sleduje 40 % rekl\u00e1m a predstavuje 80 % pr\u00edjmov z reklamy. Tento z\u00e1ver bol uroben\u00fd na z\u00e1klade viac ako dvoch mili\u00e1rd zobrazen\u00ed v 25 aplik\u00e1ci\u00e1ch, ktor\u00e9 p\u00f4sobia vo viac ako 200 krajin\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

A medzi dvoma miliardami pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov Facebooku obyvate\u013estvo USA a Kanady tvor\u00ed<\/a><\/noindex> tvoria len 11,5 %, ale prin\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa 48,7 % pr\u00edjmov. ARPU v t\u00fdchto krajin\u00e1ch je $21,20, v \u00c1zii len $2,27. Teda je lep\u0161ie ma\u0165 jedn\u00e9ho pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea zo Severnej Ameriky ako dev\u00e4\u0165 z Indie.<\/b>. Alebo naopak - v\u0161etko z\u00e1vis\u00ed od n\u00e1kladov na ich z\u00edskanie.<\/p>\n

10. V klube milion\u00e1rov je len nieko\u013eko tis\u00edc iOS aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed.<\/h2>\n

\nV App Store je viac ako dva mili\u00f3ny dostupn\u00fdch aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed a iba 2857 z nich generuje ro\u010dne viac ako 1 mili\u00f3n dol\u00e1rov, pod\u013ea \u00fadajov<\/a><\/noindex> App Annie. Zd\u00e1 sa, \u017ee na jablkovej vitr\u00edne pravdepodobnos\u0165 ve\u013ek\u00e9ho \u00faspechu je pribli\u017ene 0,3%.<\/b>A nevieme, ko\u013eko firiem stoj\u00ed za t\u00fdmito aplik\u00e1ciami, ale je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee ich je e\u0161te menej.<\/p>\n

Taktie\u017e chcem zd\u00f4razni\u0165, \u017ee sa hovor\u00ed o ro\u010dn\u00fdch pr\u00edjmoch, nie o \u010distej zisku. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee niektor\u00e9 z t\u00fdchto aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 pre ich vlastn\u00edkov stratov\u00e9. V tak\u00fdchto okolnostiach s\u00fa \u017eiariv\u00e9 pr\u00edbehy o realiz\u00e1cii n\u00e1padu a sile vir\u00e1lneho stroja Apple viac podobn\u00e9 \u0161\u0165astiu, ne\u017e pl\u00e1novan\u00e9mu v\u00fdsledku.<\/p>\n

11. Vek zvy\u0161uje pravdepodobnos\u0165 \u00faspechu<\/h2>\n

\nV Kellogg Insight<\/a><\/noindex> vypo\u010d\u00edtali, \u017ee pravdepodobnos\u0165 vytvori\u0165 \u00faspe\u0161n\u00fa spolo\u010dnos\u0165 vo veku 40 rokov je dvakr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161ia ne\u017e vo veku 25 rokov. Navy\u0161e, priemern\u00fd vek 2,7 mili\u00f3na zakladate\u013eov v ich s\u00fabore \u00fadajov je 41,9 rokov. Av\u0161ak ve\u013ek\u00fd \u00faspech \u010dastej\u0161ie prich\u00e1dza<\/a><\/noindex> k mlad\u00fdm podnikate\u013eom.<\/p>\n

\u010c\u00edm star\u0161\u00ed sa st\u00e1vate, t\u00fdm opatrnej\u0161ie prij\u00edmate rozhodnutia, ale t\u00fdm rozhodnej\u0161ie sa vzd\u00e1vate riskantn\u00fdch n\u00e1padov.<\/b> In\u00fdmi slovami, \u010d\u00edm ste star\u0161\u00ed, t\u00fdm men\u0161ie s\u00fa va\u0161e podnikate\u013esk\u00e9 amb\u00edcie, ale t\u00fdm vy\u0161\u0161ia je pravdepodobnos\u0165 \u00faspechu. Tento v\u00fdrok potvrdzuje aj in\u00e1 nez\u00e1visl\u00e1 v\u00fdskum<\/a><\/noindex> \u0161t\u00fadia od Nexit Ventures.<\/p>\n

12. Nepotrebujete spoluzakladate\u013ea<\/h2>\n

\nNapriek roz\u0161\u00edren\u00e9mu n\u00e1zoru, \u017ee \u0161\u0165astie \u010dastej\u0161ie spriev\u00e1dza organiz\u00e1cie s viacer\u00fdmi spoluzakladate\u013emi, v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina startupov, ktor\u00e9 dosiahli exit, mala jedn\u00e9ho zakladate\u013ea,<\/b>pod\u013ea \u00fadajov<\/a><\/noindex> Crunchbase.<\/p>\n

Av\u0161ak anal\u00fdza<\/a><\/noindex> O \u010disto unicornov\u00fdch spolo\u010dnostiach n\u00e1m hovor\u00ed, \u017ee iba 20% z nich bolo zalo\u017een\u00e9 jednou osobou. Ale m\u00e1 zmysel bra\u0165 do \u00favahy t\u00fato hodnotu, ke\u010f ka\u017ed\u00e1 miliardov\u00e1 spolo\u010dnos\u0165 je unik\u00e1tna a neopakovate\u013en\u00e1 hist\u00f3ria? Navy\u0161e ve\u013ek\u00e1 \u0161tatistick\u00e1 vzorka je v\u017edy presnej\u0161ia. M\u00fdtus je roztrhnut\u00fd.<\/p>\n

13. V\u0161etko je vo va\u0161ich ruk\u00e1ch\u2026<\/h2>\n

\nViac ako polovica miliardov\u00fdch spolo\u010dnost\u00ed zo Spojen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1tov bola zalo\u017een\u00e1<\/a><\/noindex> emigrantmi. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee bez oh\u013eadu na to, odkia\u013e ste, m\u00e1te \u0161ancu na \u00faspech. V\u0161etko je vo va\u0161ich ruk\u00e1ch\u2026 mus\u00edte chcie\u0165 k\u00fapi\u0165<\/b>. Investori \u2014 podiel. Klienti \u2014 produkt. Hlavn\u00e9 je pred\u00e1va\u0165<\/b>.<\/p>\n

40% eur\u00f3pskych startupov v oblasti umelej inteligencie v skuto\u010dnosti nepou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa<\/a><\/noindex> t\u00fato technol\u00f3giu, ale pril\u00e1kavaj\u00fa o 15% viac pe\u0148az\u00ed. Hlavn\u00e9 je pr\u00edjem<\/b>. 83% spolo\u010dnost\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 sa dostali na IPO v roku 2018 s\u00fa stratov\u00e9.<\/a><\/noindex>, a cena neprofitabiln\u00fdch spolo\u010dnost\u00ed po uveden\u00ed na trh rastie viac ne\u017e ziskov\u00fdch. Peniaze s\u00fa tam, kde s\u00fa rizik\u00e1, rizik\u00e1 s\u00fa tam, kde je rizikov\u00fd kapit\u00e1l. Predaj. V\u00fdnos. Kapit\u00e1l<\/b>.<\/p>\n

\nVe\u013ek\u00e1 v\u010faka v\u0161etk\u00fdm za pozornos\u0165. A osobitn\u00e1 v\u010faka investi\u010dn\u00e9mu riadite\u013eovi Da Vinci Capital Denisovi Jevfremlovovi<\/a><\/noindex> za pomoc pri \u00faprave tohto materi\u00e1lu. Ak m\u00e1te z\u00e1ujem o podobn\u00e9 \u00favahy, ktor\u00e9 nezapadaj\u00fa do form\u00e1tu plnohodnotn\u00e9ho \u010dl\u00e1nku, prihl\u00e1ste sa na odber m\u00f4j kan\u00e1l Groks<\/a><\/noindex>.
\n<\/i>
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Zdroj: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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