{"id":36933,"date":"2019-10-31T22:14:50","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:14:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/slyorm-devops-ot-git-do-sre-so-vsemi-ostanovkami\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:14:50","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:14:50","slug":"slyorm-devops-ot-git-do-sre-so-vsemi-ostanovkami","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/administrirovanie\/slyorm-devops-ot-git-do-sre-so-vsemi-ostanovkami","title":{"rendered":"S\u013eorm DevOps: od Git po SRE so v\u0161etk\u00fdmi zast\u00e1vkami","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>4-6 septembra v Petrohrade, v konferen\u010dnej s\u00e1le Selectel sa uskuto\u010dn\u00ed trojd\u0148ov\u00fd <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/slurm.io\/devops\">Sloerm DevOps<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"S\u013eorm DevOps: od Git po SRE so v\u0161etk\u00fdmi zast\u00e1vkami\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/3306f0eab4bfd6360eda928fdc317a59.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Program sme vytvorili s my\u0161lienkou, \u017ee teoretick\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce o DevOps, ako aj manu\u00e1ly k n\u00e1strojom, si m\u00f4\u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd pre\u010d\u00edta\u0165 s\u00e1m. Zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 s\u00fa len sk\u00fasenosti a prax: vysvetlenie, ako to robi\u0165 a ako to robi\u0165 nem\u00e1me, a rozpr\u00e1vanie o tom, ako to rob\u00edme my.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>V ka\u017edej spolo\u010dnosti, u ka\u017ed\u00e9ho administr\u00e1tora alebo v\u00fdvoj\u00e1ra je in\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 DevOps. Niektor\u00ed nespr\u00e1vne pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa Git, in\u00ed zav\u00e1dzaj\u00fa SRE. Kurz je organizovan\u00fd tak, aby si ka\u017ed\u00fd na\u0161iel nie\u010do relevantn\u00e9, \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee zavies\u0165 tu a teraz.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Za\u010dneme s Gitom, potom sa pozrieme na v\u00fdvoj aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed, interakciu k\u00f3du a infra\u0161trukt\u00fary, vytvor\u00edme CI\/CD, pop\u00ed\u0161eme infra\u0161trukt\u00faru ako k\u00f3d (IaC), otestujeme v\u00fdsledn\u00e9 rie\u0161enie, nastav\u00edme monitoring, zhroma\u017ed\u00edme a presk\u00famame logy, a nakoniec prejdeme k SRE: premen\u00edme spo\u013eahlivos\u0165 na merate\u013en\u00fd a riaden\u00fd proces.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"git\">Git<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti Git nepou\u017e\u00edva len ten, kto si v\u010dera k\u00fapil svoj prv\u00fd laptop. Je to trivi\u00e1lny a v\u0161eobecne roz\u0161\u00edren\u00fd n\u00e1stroj a napriek tomu sa \u010dasto stret\u00e1vame s jeho nespr\u00e1vnym pou\u017eit\u00edm: od n\u00faten\u00e9ho pushu do masteru a\u017e po kop\u00edrovanie s\u00faborov z Gitu na server cez Ctrl-C, Ctrl-V.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Povedieme o tom, ako sa to nem\u00e1 robi\u0165, ako sa to m\u00e1 robi\u0165, ako to rob\u00ed Southbridge.<br \/>\nPrejdeme praxou: z\u00e1klady Gitu, t\u00edmov\u00e1 pr\u00e1ca.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00e9ma \u010d. 1: Z\u00e1klady pr\u00e1ce s Git<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 pr\u00edkazy git init, commit, add, diff, log, status, pull, push<\/li>\n<li>Git flow, vetvy a tagy, strat\u00e9gie merge<\/li>\n<li>Pr\u00e1ca s viacer\u00fdmi vzdialen\u00fdmi repo<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00e9ma \u010d. 2: T\u00edmov\u00e1 pr\u00e1ca s Git<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>GitHub flow<\/li>\n<li>Fork, remote, pull request<\/li>\n<li>Konflikty, releasy, e\u0161te raz o Gitflow a in\u00fdch flow vz\u0165ahuj\u00facich sa na t\u00edmy<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Materi\u00e1l je organizovan\u00fd tak, aby administr\u00e1tori a v\u00fdvoj\u00e1ri mohli okam\u017eite zavies\u0165 v\u0161etky praktiky do pr\u00e1ce.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Z poh\u013eadu DevOps spr\u00e1vna pr\u00e1ca s Git usporad\u00fava a automatizuje procesy v\u00fdvoja a administr\u00e1cie, eliminuje rad opakuj\u00facich sa probl\u00e9mov, zvy\u0161uje pracovn\u00fa produktivitu.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"devops-razrabotchika\">DevOps v\u00fdvoj\u00e1r<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pozrieme sa na DevOps o\u010dami v\u00fdvoj\u00e1ra: sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165ame lok\u00e1lne prostredie, p\u00ed\u0161eme aplik\u00e1ciu, nastavujeme jej monitoring a logovanie, lok\u00e1lne ju testujeme, organizujeme ulo\u017eenie premenn\u00fdch\/\u0161\u00edriek a service discovery, pozrieme sa na tracing (opentracing).<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00e9ma \u010d. 3: Pr\u00e1ca s aplik\u00e1ciou z poh\u013eadu v\u00fdvoja<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Nastavenie lok\u00e1lneho prostredia: praktick\u00e9 odpor\u00fa\u010dania<\/li>\n<li>P\u00ed\u0161eme mikroslu\u017ebu v Pythonu (v\u010detn\u011b test\u016f)<\/li>\n<li>Pou\u017eit\u00ed docker-compose v v\u00fdvoji<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00e9ma \u010d. 4: Interakce k\u00f3du a infrastruktury<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Praxe pr\u00e1ce s konfiguracemi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Na konci v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i uvid\u00ed, jak by m\u011bl k\u00f3d odes\u00edlat logy, jak jej testovat a jak jej d\u00e1le ladit. Spr\u00e1vci pochop\u00ed pot\u0159eby v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f: jak\u00e9 chyby v k\u00f3du vznikaj\u00ed, jak uspo\u0159\u00e1dat testov\u00e1n\u00ed pro v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159e a jak testovat projekt sami.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>V t\u00e9to f\u00e1zi se \u0159e\u0161\u00ed hlavn\u00ed \u00fakol DevOps: vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed se vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 porozum\u011bn\u00ed a spolupr\u00e1ce mezi devs a ops. To je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd krok k p\u0159echodu od p\u0159ehazov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fakol\u016f k odpov\u011bdn\u00e9mu interakci.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdsledkem je zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed rychlosti a kvality pr\u00e1ce.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"cicd\">CI\/CD<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Modern\u00ed automatizace zahrnuje CI\/CD. Za\u010dneme t\u00edm, \u017ee se pod\u00edv\u00e1me na ru\u010dn\u00ed automatizaci: makefile, git hooky, skripty. Probereme, kdy jsou tyto n\u00e1stroje je\u0161t\u011b relevantn\u00ed a kdy je lep\u0161\u00ed je nepou\u017e\u00edvat.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pot\u00e9 se zam\u011b\u0159\u00edme na nejlep\u0161\u00ed praktiky modern\u00edho CI na p\u0159\u00edkladu Gitlabu.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00e9ma \u010d. 5: CI\/CD \u00favod do automatizace<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00davod do automatizace<\/li>\n<li>N\u00e1stroje (bash, make, gradle)<\/li>\n<li>Pou\u017eit\u00ed git hook\u016f pro automatizaci proces\u016f<\/li>\n<li>Strojn\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00ed linky a jejich aplikace v IT<\/li>\n<li>P\u0159\u00edklad v\u00fdstavby \"spole\u010dn\u00e9ho\" pipeline<\/li>\n<li>Modern\u00ed software pro CI\/CD: Drone CI, BitBucket Pipelines, Travis atd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00e9ma \u010d. 6: CI\/CD: Pr\u00e1ce s Gitlabem<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Gitlab CI \u2014 obecn\u00e9 informace<\/li>\n<li>Gitlab Runner, jejich typy a pou\u017eit\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>Gitlab CI, specifika konfigurace, nejlep\u0161\u00ed praktiky<\/li>\n<li>F\u00e1ze Gitlab CI<\/li>\n<li>Prom\u011bnn\u00e9 Gitlab CI<\/li>\n<li>Sestaven\u00ed, testov\u00e1n\u00ed, nasazen\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>Kontrola a omezen\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed: only, when<\/li>\n<li>Pr\u00e1ce s artefakty<\/li>\n<li>\u0160ablony uvnit\u0159 .gitlab-ci.yml, op\u011btovn\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed akc\u00ed na r\u016fzn\u00fdch m\u00edstech pipeline<\/li>\n<li>Include \u2014 sekce<\/li>\n<li>Centralizovan\u00e9 \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed gitlab-ci.yml (jedin\u00fd soubor a automatick\u00e9 push do ostatn\u00edch repozit\u00e1\u0159\u016f)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Spolupr\u00e1ce spr\u00e1vc\u016f a v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f dosahuje nov\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b: spr\u00e1vce p\u00ed\u0161e \u0161ablonu CI, kterou v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i upravuj\u00ed, aby vytv\u00e1\u0159eli sv\u016fj CI nez\u00e1visle na spr\u00e1vci.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Sni\u017euje se z\u00e1vislost v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f na spr\u00e1vc\u00edch, zmen\u0161uje se mno\u017estv\u00ed manu\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u00e1ce a miz\u00ed probl\u00e9m \"jedin\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka, kter\u00fd v\u00ed, jak pracovat s makefilem\". Nasazen\u00ed prob\u00edh\u00e1 spolehliv\u011b a rychle.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"iac\">IaC<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>T\u00e9mu Infrastructure as Code na pr\u00edklade Terraform predstav\u00ed administr\u00e1tor cloudu Selectel Alexej Stepanenko. Uk\u00e1\u017ee, ako r\u00fdchlo a automatizovane nasadi\u0165 a \u0161k\u00e1lova\u0165 servery, ako automaticky bal\u00ed\u010dkova\u0165 obrazy, ako pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 \u0161abl\u00f3ny konfigur\u00e1cie na okam\u017eit\u00e9 z\u00edskanie nastaven\u00fdch strojov.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u010clovek, ktor\u00fd vytvoril tis\u00edce IaC rie\u0161en\u00ed, povie, ako to robi\u0165 spr\u00e1vne a ako to robi\u0165 nespr\u00e1vne.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Rie\u0161enie pre cloud Selectel s minim\u00e1lnymi \u00fapravami je vhodn\u00e9 pre cloudy Google a Amazon.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Zamestnanec Southbridge Nikolaj Mesropjan na pr\u00edklade Ansible uk\u00e1\u017ee, ako bez downtime nasadi\u0165 funguj\u00facu aplik\u00e1ciu a overi\u0165 jej funk\u010dnos\u0165.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ak manipulat\u00edvne upravujete infra\u0161trukt\u00faru (nastavujete servery, pod\u013ea potreby in\u0161talujete kni\u017enice, bal\u00edky), pri pokuse o vytvorenie k\u00f3pie prostredia si budete musie\u0165 pam\u00e4ta\u0165 a reprodukova\u0165 v\u0161etky svoje kroky. T\u00e1to \u00faloha si m\u00f4\u017ee \u013eahko vy\u017eiada\u0165 3-5 dn\u00ed. Pr\u00e1ca s infra\u0161trukt\u00farou ako s k\u00f3dom zaru\u010duje, \u017ee m\u00e1te aktu\u00e1lny popis prostredia, ktor\u00fd je mo\u017en\u00e9 nasadi\u0165 za min\u00faty.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Nikolaj porozpr\u00e1va, ako p\u00edsa\u0165 playbooky, ak\u00e9 chyby sa vyskytuj\u00fa, pre\u010do niekedy playbooky funguj\u00fa pomaly alebo inak, ako sa o\u010dak\u00e1valo. Je to v\u00fdsledok mnoh\u00fdch rokov pou\u017e\u00edvania IaC v Southbridge.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00e9ma \u010d. 7: Infrastructure as Code<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>IaC: pr\u00edstup k infra\u0161trukt\u00fare ako k\u00f3du<\/li>\n<li>Cloudov\u00ed poskytovatelia ako dod\u00e1vatelia infra\u0161trukt\u00fary<\/li>\n<li>N\u00e1stroje na inicializ\u00e1ciu syst\u00e9mov, zostavenie obrazov (packer)<\/li>\n<li>IaC na pr\u00edklade Terraform<\/li>\n<li>Ukladanie konfigur\u00e1ci\u00ed, spolupr\u00e1ca, automatiz\u00e1cia aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>Praxa vytv\u00e1rania Ansible playbookov<\/li>\n<li>Idempotentnos\u0165, deklarat\u00edvnos\u0165<\/li>\n<li>IaC na pr\u00edklade Ansible<\/li>\n<li>Database as a Code \/ Odolnos\u0165 PostgreSQL<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Infra\u0161trukt\u00fara nadob\u00fada deklarat\u00edvnos\u0165 a idempotentnos\u0165.<br \/>\nAdministr\u00e1tor sa u\u010d\u00ed spravova\u0165 zlo\u017eit\u00fa infra\u0161trukt\u00faru: r\u00fdchlo vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 nov\u00e9 prostredia, udr\u017eiava\u0165 jednotnos\u0165 v\u0161etk\u00fdch prostred\u00ed, vidie\u0165 hist\u00f3riu zmien, \u010do je kritick\u00e9, ke\u010f na projekte pracuje nieko\u013eko t\u00edmov.<br \/>\nDeveloper sa m\u00f4\u017ee nau\u010di\u0165 infra\u0161trukt\u00faru a samostatne si vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 prostredia.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Bonus sekcie \u2014 vytvorenie a nastavenie odoln\u00e9ho klastrovan\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu datab\u00e1z PostgreSQL. Poskytneme hotov\u00fd playbook, ktor\u00fd pou\u017e\u00edvame v Southbridge, vy nasad\u00edte klaster na vzdel\u00e1vacom prostred\u00ed a m\u00f4\u017eete toto rie\u0161enie vyu\u017ei\u0165 aj vo svojej firme.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"testirovanie-infrastruktury-i-monitoring\">Testovanie infra\u0161trukt\u00fary a monitorovanie.<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Automatiz\u00e1cia umo\u017e\u0148uje roz\u0161\u00edri\u0165 chybu na tis\u00edc serverov. Pri ka\u017edej zmene je potrebn\u00e9 testovanie. Na druhej strane, manu\u00e1lne testovanie zaber\u00e1 to\u013eko \u010dasu, \u017ee zni\u017euje v\u00fdhody automatiz\u00e1cie na minimum.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Predvedieme v praxi, ako p\u00edsa\u0165 testovanie rol\u00ed. V d\u00f4sledku toho budete schopn\u00ed p\u00edsa\u0165 testy pre svoju spolo\u010dnos\u0165. U\u017e si nemus\u00edte pam\u00e4ta\u0165 vykonan\u00e9 nastavenia, pop\u00ed\u0161ete ich v testoch a automaticky over\u00edte, \u017ee v\u0161etky predch\u00e1dzaj\u00face rie\u0161enia a obch\u00e1dzky s\u00fa na svojom mieste.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00e1sledne sa nau\u010d\u00edme automaticky prid\u00e1va\u0165 do monitorovania v\u0161etky nov\u00e9 servery. Osobitne presk\u00famame monitorovanie infra\u0161trukt\u00fary a aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed. Predvedieme zl\u00e9 a dobr\u00e9 praktiky.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00e9ma \u010d. 8: Testovanie infra\u0161trukt\u00fary<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Testovanie a kontinu\u00e1lna integr\u00e1cia s Molecule a Gitlab CI<\/li>\n<li>Pou\u017eitie Vagrantu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00e9ma \u010d. 9: Monitorovanie infra\u0161trukt\u00fary s Prometheus<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Na\u010do je potrebn\u00e9 monitorovanie<\/li>\n<li>Typy monitorovania<\/li>\n<li>Upozornenia v monitorovacom syst\u00e9me<\/li>\n<li>Ako vybudova\u0165 zdrav\u00fd monitorovac\u00ed syst\u00e9m<\/li>\n<li>\u010citate\u013en\u00e9 upozornenia pre v\u0161etk\u00fdch<\/li>\n<li>Health Check: na \u010do si d\u00e1va\u0165 pozor<\/li>\n<li>Automatiz\u00e1cia na z\u00e1klade \u00fadajov z monitorovania<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Nespr\u00e1vne funguj\u00face monitorovanie je absencia monitorovania. Podniku je jedno, \u017ee hlavn\u00e1 str\u00e1nka internetov\u00e9ho obchodu je dostupn\u00e1, ak platobn\u00fd formul\u00e1r zobrazuje chybu.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Na nastaven\u00ed monitorovania a rie\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9mov sa v\u00fdvoj\u00e1ri a administr\u00e1tori podie\u013eaj\u00fa rovnako. Tradi\u010dne s\u00fa \u00falohy monitorovania na administr\u00e1toroch. N\u00e1\u0161 kurz uk\u00e1\u017ee v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rom, ak\u00fa rolu hraj\u00fa pri vytv\u00e1ran\u00ed efekt\u00edvneho monitorovania. Administr\u00e1tori z\u00edskaj\u00fa najlep\u0161ie praktiky od Southbridge. V d\u00f4sledku toho r\u00fdchlo klesne po\u010det str\u00e1t sp\u00f4soben\u00fdch v\u00fdpadkami a oneskoreniami webovej str\u00e1nky alebo aplik\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Bonus sekcie: automatiz\u00e1cia na z\u00e1klade monitorovania. Napr\u00edklad monitorovanie hl\u00e1si, \u017ee na web pri\u0161la z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e, a \u0161k\u00e1lovanie webov\u00fdch serverov sa sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165a automaticky.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"logirovanie\">Logovanie<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00e1 chyba pri pr\u00e1ci s logmi je, \u017ee administr\u00e1tori a v\u00fdvoj\u00e1ri ich sleduj\u00fa priamo na serveroch. Ak m\u00e1te viac ako jeden server, trv\u00e1 to dlho. Je to nesekurov\u00e9: v\u00fdvoj\u00e1r sa dostane na server, kde by nemal by\u0165.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>DevOps si vy\u017eaduje centralizovan\u00e9 zhroma\u017e\u010fovanie, spracovanie a anal\u00fdzu logov.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00e9ma \u010d. 10: Logovanie aplik\u00e1cie s ELK<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Hlavn\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie a funkcie elastic (vyh\u013ead\u00e1vanie, \u00falo\u017eisko, mo\u017enosti \u0161k\u00e1lovania, flexibilita nastavenia)<\/li>\n<li>Preh\u013ead kibana (hlavn\u00e9 funkcie, jazyk dotazov, spr\u00e1va dashboardov, vytv\u00e1ranie grafov)<\/li>\n<li>Preh\u013ead produktov na b\u00e1ze elastic a ich aplik\u00e1cia<\/li>\n<li>Zbierame metriky v APM (trasovanie aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed)<\/li>\n<li>\u010eal\u0161ie: Preh\u013ead nov\u00e9ho produktu \u2014 SIEM<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Implent\u00e1cia tohto pr\u00edstupu urob\u00ed z logov jednoduch\u00fd a zrozumite\u013en\u00fd n\u00e1stroj na anal\u00fdzu, nastavenie a ladenie aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed a infra\u0161trukt\u00fary.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"sre\">SRE<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>A dost\u00e1vame sa k t\u00e9me, ktorej sa Southbridge len obzer\u00e1 a kv\u00f4li ktorej ostatn\u00ed re\u010dn\u00edci chc\u00fa osta\u0165 na posledn\u00fd de\u0148 Sl\u00e9rma. Sme radi, \u017ee ju bude \u010d\u00edta\u0165 Ivan Kruglov z Booking.com.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Projekt \u017eije v re\u00e1lnom svete, kde spo\u013eahlivos\u0165 nikdy nie je absol\u00fatna a ka\u017ed\u00e9 rozhodnutie nie\u010do stoj\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u010co je SLA vo vz\u0165ahu ku komplexn\u00e9mu projektu? Povedzme, ako hodnoti\u0165, \u017ee str\u00e1nka je dostupn\u00e1, ale obr\u00e1zky sa na\u010d\u00edtavaj\u00fa so oneskoren\u00edm. Ak\u00e9 s\u00fa metriky SLA, kde ich mera\u0165, ako ich mera\u0165?<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ako nastavi\u0165 SLA? Ako ich dodr\u017ea\u0165?<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00e9ma \u010d. 11: SRE<\/strong><br \/>\nDefin\u00edcia SLA, SLO, Error Budget a \u010fal\u0161ie stra\u0161n\u00e9 v\u00fdrazy zo sveta SRE<br \/>\nSRE: Prax monitorovania SLI a SLO<br \/>\nSRE: Prax aplik\u00e1cie Error Budget<br \/>\nSRE: Spr\u00e1va preru\u0161enia a prev\u00e1dzkovej z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ee (apigateway, service mesh, circuit breakers)<br \/>\nBiznis chce SRE. Aspo\u0148 na najjednoduch\u0161ej \u00farovni: zobra\u0165 z\u00e1lohov\u00fd server alebo ho obnovi\u0165 zo z\u00e1lohy? Jedna datab\u00e1za alebo cluster? Nain\u0161talova\u0165 ochranu pred DDoS prevent\u00edvne alebo a\u017e v \u010dase \u00fatoku?<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Riadite\u013e nebude spokojn\u00fd s rozpr\u00e1van\u00edm, \u017ee \u201estr\u00e1nka funguje\u201c, ke\u010f mu vol\u00e1 klient a hl\u00e1si, \u017ee objedn\u00e1vkov\u00fd formul\u00e1r sa neotv\u00e1ra.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Preto je pre DevOps in\u017einiera d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 aspo\u0148 povrchne rozumie\u0165 SRE, aby adekv\u00e1tne komunikoval s biznisom o jeho potreb\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"itog\">Z\u00e1ver<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Za \u010das <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/slurm.io\/devops\">Sl\u00e9rma DevOps<\/a><\/noindex> administr\u00e1tori a v\u00fdvoj\u00e1ri sa nau\u010dia:<br \/>\n\u2014 spr\u00e1vne pracova\u0165 s Git;<br \/>\n\u2014 organizova\u0165 lok\u00e1lny v\u00fdvoj;<br \/>\n\u2014 nastavova\u0165 (administr\u00e1tori) a pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 (v\u00fdvoj\u00e1ri) CI\/CD;<br \/>\n\u2014 pracova\u0165 s infra\u0161trukt\u00farou ako s k\u00f3dom;<br \/>\n\u2014 testova\u0165 infra\u0161trukt\u00faru;<br \/>\n\u2014 monitorova\u0165 infra\u0161trukt\u00faru a aplik\u00e1ciu;<br \/>\n\u2014 nastavova\u0165 logovanie;<br \/>\n\u2014 rozumie\u0165, a v ide\u00e1lnom pr\u00edpade \u2014 pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 SRE.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pre pozorn\u00fdch \u010ditate\u013eov \u2014 s promok\u00f3dom habrapost z\u013eava 15%.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Na v\u0161etk\u00fdch bodoch pripravujeme prax a n\u00e1stroje. Tak\u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk po n\u00e1vrate zo Slyermu bude schopn\u00fd posun\u00fa\u0165 svoju spolo\u010dnos\u0165 na vy\u0161\u0161iu \u00farove\u0148 DevOps.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pre podniky to znamen\u00e1 zn\u00ed\u017eenie n\u00e1kladov na administr\u00e1ciu a v\u00fdvoj, zn\u00ed\u017eenie prestojov, zv\u00fd\u0161enie spo\u013eahlivosti, r\u00fdchlej\u0161ie dodanie funkci\u00ed a odstra\u0148ovanie ch\u00fdb.<\/p>\n<p>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/462879\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>4-6 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f \u0432 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0435, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446-\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435 Selectel \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0445\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0421\u043b\u0451\u0440\u043c DevOps. \u041c\u044b \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0443, \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f \u0438\u0437 \u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u044b \u043f\u043e DevOps, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044b \u043a \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e. \u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u044b \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430: \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043e \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043e, \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043c\u044b. \u0412 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438, \u0443 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36933","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All 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