{"id":37051,"date":"2019-10-31T22:15:29","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:15:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/sposob-organizatsii-kollektivnogo-izucheniya-teorii-v-hode-semestra\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:15:29","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:15:29","slug":"sposob-organizatsii-kollektivnogo-izucheniya-teorii-v-hode-semestra","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/sposob-organizatsii-kollektivnogo-izucheniya-teorii-v-hode-semestra","title":{"rendered":"Sp\u00f4sob organiz\u00e1cie kolekt\u00edvneho \u0161t\u00fadia te\u00f3rie po\u010das semestra","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ahojte v\u0161etci! Pred rokom som nap\u00edsal <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/414317\/\">\u010dl\u00e1nok o tom, ako som organizoval univerzitn\u00fd kurz o spracovan\u00ed sign\u00e1lov<\/a><\/noindex>. Pod\u013ea sp\u00e4tnej v\u00e4zby je v \u010dl\u00e1nku ve\u013ea zauj\u00edmav\u00fdch n\u00e1padov, ale je dlh\u00fd a \u0165a\u017eko \u010ditate\u013en\u00fd. A u\u017e d\u00e1vno som chcel rozdeli\u0165 ho na men\u0161ie \u010dasti a nap\u00edsa\u0165 ich zrozumite\u013enej\u0161ie.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ale p\u00edsa\u0165 to ist\u00e9 dvakr\u00e1t akosi nefunguje. Okrem toho sa tento rok uk\u00e1zali podstatn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my v organiz\u00e1cii tohto kurzu. Preto som sa rozhodol nap\u00edsa\u0165 nieko\u013eko \u010dl\u00e1nkov o ka\u017edej z my\u0161lienok osobitne a zamyslie\u0165 sa nad kladmi a z\u00e1porami.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Toto je prv\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nok \u2014 o sp\u00f4sobe, ako organizova\u0165 \u0161tudentov tak, aby akt\u00edvne \u0161tudovali te\u00f3riu po\u010das semestra, a nie v posledn\u00fdch d\u0148och pred sk\u00fa\u0161kou.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Zoznam \u010dl\u00e1nkov s\u00e9rie:<\/b><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/460729\/\">U\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 a pr\u00edjemn\u00e9 v predn\u00e1\u0161an\u00ed<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/463271\/\">Sp\u00f4sob organiz\u00e1cie kolekt\u00edvneho \u0161t\u00fadia te\u00f3rie po\u010das semestra<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Predpokladajme, \u017ee skupina dospel\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed potrebuje pochopi\u0165 nejak\u00fa nov\u00fa rozsiahlu oblas\u0165. Napr\u00edklad vyv\u00edjaj\u00fa nov\u00fd produkt. Predpokladajme, \u017ee t\u00edto \u013eudia s\u00fa technicky zdatn\u00ed a samostatn\u00ed. Ako by sa mali najlep\u0161ie postupova\u0165?<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Je rozumn\u00e9 najprv zostavi\u0165 zoznam ot\u00e1zok, na ktor\u00e9 treba z\u00edska\u0165 odpovede. Potom priradi\u0165 ka\u017ed\u00e9mu, aby sa venoval nejakej skupine ot\u00e1zok, presk\u00famal ich a jasne nap\u00edsal odpovede pre v\u0161etk\u00fdch ostatn\u00fdch. V\u0161etci ostatn\u00ed si m\u00f4\u017eu pre\u010d\u00edta\u0165 tieto odpovede, doplni\u0165 ich a kl\u00e1s\u0165 ot\u00e1zky, ak je nie\u010do nejasn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ak v\u0161etko p\u00f4jde dobre, nakoniec vznikn\u00fa p\u00edsomn\u00e9 a dobre sformulovan\u00e9 odpovede. Ka\u017ed\u00fd si v nich m\u00f4\u017ee pozrie\u0165 a n\u00e1js\u0165 inform\u00e1cie, ke\u010f to bude potrebn\u00e9. Ak bude inform\u00e1ci\u00ed nedostatok \u2014 je to d\u00f4vod oslovi\u0165 odborn\u00edka, ktor\u00fd sa tejto t\u00e9me venoval. A potom, samozrejme, nezabudn\u00fa\u0165 doplni\u0165 p\u00edsomn\u00fa datab\u00e1zu odpoved\u00ed=)<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Sp\u00f4sob organiz\u00e1cie kolekt\u00edvneho \u0161t\u00fadia te\u00f3rie po\u010das semestra\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/3403d2ca165cd2a47bafb9ce37d48ff5.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\nAko s\u00favis\u00ed toto v\u0161etko so \u0161tudentmi a vzdel\u00e1van\u00edm na univerzite?<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Skupina \u0161tudentov je podobn\u00e1 skupine dospel\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed potrebuj\u00fa spozna\u0165 nov\u00fa oblas\u0165. U\u010dite\u013e je podobn\u00fd \u010dloveku, ktor\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee ur\u010di\u0165 smer v\u00fdskumu \u2014 ozna\u010di\u0165 zoznam ot\u00e1zok, s ktor\u00fdmi sa \u0161tudenti potrebuj\u00fa zaobera\u0165.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Zvy\u010dajne s\u00fa odpovede na ot\u00e1zky u\u010dite\u013ea obsiahnut\u00e9 v tom, \u010do u\u017e povedal. \u0160tudenti sa potrebuj\u00fa s t\u00fdm vyrovna\u0165 a predlo\u017ei\u0165 spr\u00e1vy na sk\u00fa\u0161ke. Overi\u0165 porozumenie ve\u013ek\u00e9ho objemu materi\u00e1lu na kr\u00e1tkej sk\u00fa\u0161ke je takmer nemo\u017en\u00e9, preto sa hodnotenie ude\u013euje na z\u00e1klade toho, ako dobre sa \u0161tudent nau\u010dil alebo odkop\u00edroval n\u00e1hodn\u00fd \u00faryvok. D\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fa \u00falohu zohr\u00e1va aj schopnos\u0165 slo\u017ei\u0165 tak\u00e9to sk\u00fa\u0161ky: r\u00fdchlo prem\u00fd\u0161\u013ea\u0165, sebaisto hovori\u0165 presne podobn\u00e9 pravdiv\u00e9 veci, spr\u00e1vne reagova\u0165 na pripomienky u\u010dite\u013ea. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u00dalohou pochopi\u0165 materi\u00e1l sa st\u00e1va \u010faleko nie najprioritnej\u0161ou. Ve\u013ek\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 nau\u010den\u00e9ho sa nevyu\u017e\u00edva a zab\u00fada sa za nasleduj\u00facich pol rokov a\u017e rok, ak nie u\u017e na nasleduj\u00faci de\u0148. Z p\u00edsomn\u00fdch artefaktov v najlep\u0161om pr\u00edpade zost\u00e1va z\u00e1pisnica. Niekedy dobr\u00e1, ale spravidla to je v\u00fd\u0165a\u017eok n\u00e1zoru jedin\u00e9ho pedag\u00f3ga, zhroma\u017eden\u00fd v podmienkach \u010dasov\u00e9ho tlaku.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Dopl\u0148uje obraz to, \u017ee teoretick\u00fd materi\u00e1l zvy\u010dajne nie je zauj\u00edmav\u00fd pre \u0161tudentov. Odkladaj\u00fa jeho \u0161t\u00fadium do sk\u00fa\u0161kov\u00e9ho obdobia a zbavuj\u00fa sa mo\u017enosti pou\u017ei\u0165 te\u00f3riu pri rie\u0161en\u00ed praktick\u00fdch \u00faloh. Alternat\u00edvne praktick\u00e9 cvi\u010denia musia zachra\u0148ova\u0165 pedag\u00f3govia: n\u00fatia \u0161tudentov venova\u0165 sa fragmentom te\u00f3rie, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa potrebn\u00e9 na rie\u0161enie preberan\u00fdch \u00faloh. Rie\u0161enie \u00falohy pod\u013ea fragmentu te\u00f3rie poskytnut\u00e9ho zhora je potrebn\u00e1 zru\u010dnos\u0165, ale, \u017eia\u013e, nie dostato\u010dn\u00e1. Pod \u00falohami z re\u00e1lneho \u017eivota nie je podp\u00edsan\u00e9, ak\u00fdmi met\u00f3dami je najlep\u0161ie sa nimi zaobera\u0165.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Sp\u00f4sob organiz\u00e1cie kolekt\u00edvneho \u0161t\u00fadia te\u00f3rie po\u010das semestra\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/7aac66f915c48b4f6e71bfdc4671bf6e.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"itak-ideya\">Tak\u017ee, my\u0161lienka<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pedag\u00f3g zverejn\u00ed zoznam ot\u00e1zok vo verejnom pr\u00edstupe, napr\u00edklad pr\u00edspevkom v skupine na soci\u00e1lnej sieti, kde s\u00fa v\u0161etci \u0161tudenti. \u0160tudenti m\u00f4\u017eu:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Vybra\u0165 ot\u00e1zku, na ktor\u00fa e\u0161te nikto neodpovedal, a odpoveda\u0165 na \u0148u v koment\u00e1roch.<\/li>\n<li>Vybra\u0165 u\u017e nap\u00edsan\u00fa odpove\u010f niek\u00fdm in\u00fdm \u2014 a komentova\u0165 ju: doplni\u0165 \/ polo\u017ei\u0165 autorovi ot\u00e1zku \/ nap\u00edsa\u0165, \u010do je nespr\u00e1vne a pre\u010do.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Odpovede \u0161tudentov na ot\u00e1zky s\u00fa podporovan\u00e9; \u0161tudenti, ktor\u00ed dobre odpovedali na ot\u00e1zky po\u010das semestra, dostan\u00fa automaticky hodnotenie na sk\u00fa\u0161ke. Duplikovanie odpoved\u00ed in\u00fdch \u0161tudentov a in\u00e9 zne\u010distenie je trestan\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ot\u00e1zky musia by\u0165 kreat\u00edvne a nemaj\u00fa ma\u0165 jednozna\u010dn\u00fa odpove\u010f, inak vyhr\u00e1 ten, kto odpovedal prv\u00fd. A ostatn\u00ed nebud\u00fa ma\u0165 stimuly na pre\u010d\u00edtanie jeho odpovede, preto\u017ee nemaj\u00fa \u010do doplni\u0165. \u0160abl\u00f3ny mo\u017en\u00fdch ot\u00e1zok:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Uve\u010fte pr\u00edklady pou\u017eitia tak\u00e9to te\u00f3riu \/ algoritmus \/ met\u00f3du. Je tak\u00e9to pou\u017eitie efekt\u00edvne?<\/li>\n<li>Porovnajte algoritmy \/ met\u00f3dy \/ technick\u00e9 realiz\u00e1cie. Nap\u00ed\u0161te ich v\u00fdhody \/ probl\u00e9my v porovnan\u00ed navz\u00e1jom.<\/li>\n<li>Ako doplni\u0165 algoritmus \/ met\u00f3du, aby umo\u017enil rie\u0161i\u0165 \u010fal\u0161iu \u00falohu?<\/li>\n<li>Ako mo\u017eno zjednodu\u0161i\u0165 d\u00f4kaz te\u00f3rie, ak s\u00fa zn\u00e1me tak\u00e9to fakty? Ako dok\u00e1za\u0165 te\u00f3riu, ak nemo\u017eno pou\u017ei\u0165 tak\u00e9to fakty? (ktor\u00e9 sa teraz pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa)<\/li>\n<li>Navrhnite n\u00e1pady na zlep\u0161enie algoritmu \/ met\u00f3dy. Ako a v ak\u00fdch situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch tieto zlep\u0161enia pom\u00e1haj\u00fa?<\/li>\n<li>Analyzujte dan\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nok. Uve\u010fte z neho to, \u010do pova\u017eujete za u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9; vysvetlite pre\u010do.<\/li>\n<li>Formulujte svoje ot\u00e1zky k predn\u00e1\u0161ke \/ t\u00e9me. Pre\u010do ich pova\u017eujete za d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Priestor na kreativitu je obrovsk\u00fd! Mnoh\u00e9 kreat\u00edvne ot\u00e1zky samy o sebe stimuluj\u00fa k \u0161t\u00fadiu, na rozdiel od nudn\u00e9ho zaoberania sa t\u00fdm, \u010do predn\u00e1\u0161a u\u010dite\u013e.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Sp\u00f4sob organiz\u00e1cie kolekt\u00edvneho \u0161t\u00fadia te\u00f3rie po\u010das semestra\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/88f3f113ed1c3b1d4e52b63d9322e552.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Syst\u00e9m s tak\u00fdmito ot\u00e1zkami m\u00f4\u017ee stimulova\u0165 \u0161tudentov, aby sa venovali te\u00f3rii priamo po\u010das semestra. Napr\u00edklad, ak sa ot\u00e1zky zverejnia po ka\u017edej predn\u00e1\u0161ke a na odpovede na ne sa ustanov\u00ed pr\u00edsny mal\u00fd term\u00edn, povedzme tri dni, mnoh\u00ed \u0161tudenti sa bud\u00fa zaobera\u0165 materi\u00e1lom predn\u00e1\u0161ky hne\u010f po jej skon\u010den\u00ed. Niektor\u00ed \u0161tudenti dokonca prekro\u010dia \u00fazke hranice predn\u00e1\u0161an\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu a pustia sa do p\u00e1trania po internete, pok\u00fasia sa navrhn\u00fa\u0165 svoje \u201cbicykle\u201d. <\/p>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Niekedy bud\u00fa odpovede zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 aj pre samotn\u00e9ho u\u010dite\u013ea.<\/b><\/p>\n<p>viem to z vlastnej sk\u00fasenosti=)<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>V predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facom odseku je k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 slovo \u201em\u00f4\u017ee\u201c. To, \u010do je tam na\u010drtnut\u00e9 ru\u017eov\u00fdmi farbami, sa m\u00f4\u017ee ani nenapln\u00ed\u0165. Namiesto toho bud\u00fa be\u017en\u00e9 \u0161ed\u00e9, \u0161tudenti sa bud\u00fa sna\u017ei\u0165 ob\u00eds\u0165 kurz, odpovede na ot\u00e1zky sa premenia na formalizmus, nezmysel, ktor\u00fd pohlcuje \u010das u\u010dite\u013ea.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"ot-chego-zavisit-to-kak-sobytiya-budut-razvivatsya\">Od \u010doho z\u00e1vis\u00ed to, ako sa bud\u00fa udalosti vyv\u00edja\u0165?<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ve\u013emi d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdm faktorom je, ak\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom je organizovan\u00e1 kontrola odpoved\u00ed na ot\u00e1zky. Je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 vysoko odme\u0148ova\u0165 dobr\u00e9 odpovede, inak \u0161tudenti stratia motiv\u00e1ciu. Je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 identifikova\u0165 bezcenn\u00e9 odpovede a odpisy, je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 okam\u017eite \u0161tudentom da\u0165 najavo, \u017ee to je zbyto\u010dn\u00e9. Inak bude odpisov prib\u00fada\u0165.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>K tejto ve\u013emi n\u00e1ro\u010dnej \u00falohe je u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 zapoji\u0165 \u0161tudentov. M\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 po\u017eiadan\u00ed, aby vyberali naju\u017eito\u010dnej\u0161ie odpovede; najzrozumite\u013enej\u0161ie odpovede; odpovede, na ktor\u00fdch \u013eudia najviac pracovali. Po\u017eadova\u0165 ozna\u010dovanie najhor\u0161\u00edch odpoved\u00ed je zbyto\u010dn\u00e9. A inak sa v\u0161etko ukazuje v praxi ako ve\u013emi m\u00e1lo u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9, ale niekedy pom\u00e1ha vyhn\u00fa\u0165 sa chyb\u00e1m pri kontrole.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Sp\u00f4sob organiz\u00e1cie kolekt\u00edvneho \u0161t\u00fadia te\u00f3rie po\u010das semestra\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/a7379c5f2409c8bc71e83d703af7faa5.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Samozrejme, tak\u00e1to kontrola si vy\u017eaduje od u\u010dite\u013ea ve\u013ea \u010dasu. To som ch\u00e1pal u\u017e na za\u010diatku svojich experimentov. Rovnako som pochopil, \u017ee nebudem schopn\u00fd bezchybne rozli\u0161ova\u0165 dobr\u00e9 odpovede od neprijate\u013en\u00fdch \u2014 a rozhodol som sa v sporn\u00fdch situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch postavi\u0165 na stranu \u0161tudenta. Dva experimenty t\u00e1to strat\u00e9gia zvl\u00e1dla, v tre\u0165om v\u0161ak do\u0161lo k zlyhaniu: mno\u017estvo odpoved\u00ed bolo nekvalitn\u00fdch a to sa stalo probl\u00e9mom.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>V\u0161etky experimenty trvali cel\u00fd semester. V druhom a tre\u0165om experimente bolo dvakr\u00e1t viac \u0161tudentov \u2014 asi 40. Len\u017ee v druhom odpovedala len mal\u00e1 hrstka \u0161tudentov. V tre\u0165om p\u00edsali takmer v\u0161etci, mysl\u00edm si, \u017ee to pova\u017eovali za jednoduch\u00e9 a v\u00fdrazne u\u013eah\u010duj\u00face absolvovanie kurzu. A ja som nedok\u00e1zal norm\u00e1lne rozl\u00ed\u0161i\u0165 m\u00fadrych od povrchn\u00fdch odpoved\u00ed, ktor\u00fdmi sa to v\u0161etko r\u00fdchlo zaplnilo. Aby som situ\u00e1ciu zachr\u00e1nil, musel som pon\u00faknu\u0165 jednoduch\u0161iu variantu absolvovania kurzu \u2014 pre t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed p\u00edsali \u010doko\u013evek.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Na bud\u00face chcem prvotne stimulova\u0165 k odpovedaniu len t\u00fdch, ktor\u00fdch to naozaj zauj\u00edma \u2014 pl\u00e1nujem pride\u013eova\u0165 body len za dobr\u00e9 odpovede. V sporn\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch sa chyst\u00e1m pon\u00faknu\u0165 doplnenie a neprideli\u0165 \u017eiadne body, pokia\u013e to nebude splnen\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Sp\u00f4sob organiz\u00e1cie kolekt\u00edvneho \u0161t\u00fadia te\u00f3rie po\u010das semestra\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/095bd6a073a267fcd1b1c031e11b9595.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"nemnogo-filosofskih-rassuzhdeniy\">Trochu filozofick\u00fdch \u00favah<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Ako \u010dasto zverej\u0148ova\u0165 ot\u00e1zky?<\/strong> Ak sa ot\u00e1zky objavuj\u00fa pr\u00edli\u0161 \u010dasto, \u0161tudenti sa unavia ich odpovedan\u00edm. Odpovede na tak\u00e9to ot\u00e1zky m\u00f4\u017eu zabra\u0165 ve\u013ea \u010dasu. Ak sa ot\u00e1zky objavuj\u00fa pr\u00edli\u0161 zriedkavo, situ\u00e1cia sa bl\u00ed\u017ei k \u201e\u0161tudenti \u017eij\u00fa z jedn\u00e9ho semestra do druh\u00e9ho z\u00e1bavne, a semester je len dvakr\u00e1t za rok\u201c so v\u0161etk\u00fdmi d\u00f4sledkami. \u010c\u00edm d\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00ed a zlo\u017eitej\u0161\u00ed predmet, t\u00fdm \u010dastej\u0161ie by sa mali ot\u00e1zky zverej\u0148ova\u0165. \u010co znamen\u00e1 \u010dasto a zriedkavo? \u010castej\u0161ie ako prebiehaj\u00fa predn\u00e1\u0161ky ur\u010dite nie. Raz za mesiac \u2014 to je u\u017e zriedkavo, \u0161tudenti vypadn\u00fa z kontextu toho, \u010do sa dialo na za\u010diatku mesiaca.<\/p>\n<p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Ak\u00e9 term\u00edny stanovi\u0165 na odpovede?<\/strong> \u010c\u00edm krat\u0161\u00ed term\u00edn, t\u00fdm viac \u0161tudentov odpoved\u00e1 na ot\u00e1zky, k\u00fdm si e\u0161te dobre pam\u00e4taj\u00fa, \u010do sa dialo na predn\u00e1\u0161ke. \u010c\u00edm dlh\u0161\u00ed term\u00edn, t\u00fdm menej \u0161tudentov bude hovori\u0165, \u017ee nestihli odpoveda\u0165 na ot\u00e1zky, preto\u017ee ich rozpty\u013eovali d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 z\u00e1le\u017eitosti. Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee optim\u00e1lny \u010das je medzi 3 d\u0148ami a t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148om, maxim\u00e1lne dva.<\/p>\n<p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Zverejni\u0165 ot\u00e1zky pred predn\u00e1\u0161kou alebo po nej?<\/strong> Ak sa ot\u00e1zky a term\u00edn bud\u00fa pred predn\u00e1\u0161kou, mnoh\u00ed \u0161tudenti pr\u00eddu na predn\u00e1\u0161ku lep\u0161ie pripraven\u00ed. Ale nie v\u0161etci, to je probl\u00e9m, ktor\u00fdch z\u00e1ujmy nebud\u00fa zoh\u013eadnen\u00e9. Ak by sa ot\u00e1zky zverejnili po predn\u00e1\u0161ke, mohli by by\u0165 zalo\u017een\u00e9 na tom, \u010do bolo na nej povedan\u00e9 a pokryli by viac materi\u00e1lu. Ak sa ot\u00e1zky urobia pred predn\u00e1\u0161kou a term\u00edn po nej, \u0161tudenti bud\u00fa na ot\u00e1zky odpoveda\u0165 namiesto toho, aby po\u010d\u00favali predn\u00e1\u0161ku. Ak sa zverejn\u00ed jeden zoznam ot\u00e1zok pred predn\u00e1\u0161kou a druh\u00fd po nej, dojde k pre\u0165a\u017eeniu. Aspo\u0148 ak predmet nie je najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Existuj\u00fa nejak\u00e9 nev\u00fdhody toho, aby sme \u0161tudentov oslobodili od sk\u00fa\u0161ky za to, \u017ee dobre odpovedali na ot\u00e1zky po\u010das semestra? Vid\u00edm len jednu: pr\u00edprava na sk\u00fa\u0161ku n\u00fati \u0161tudenta e\u0161te raz prejs\u0165 v\u0161etk\u00fdm materi\u00e1lom kurzu v skr\u00e1ten\u00fdch \u010dasov\u00fdch obdobiach. To \u010dasto vedie k porozumeniu celkov\u00e9ho obrazu kurzu, aspo\u0148 na kr\u00e1tky okamih. Pri odpovedan\u00ed na ot\u00e1zky t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa jednotliv\u00fdch predn\u00e1\u0161ok sa v\u0161ak tak\u00fdto obraz nemus\u00ed nakoniec vytvori\u0165. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>M\u00e1me n\u00fati\u0165 \u0161tudentov, ktor\u00ed dobre pracovali po\u010das semestra, \u00eds\u0165 na sk\u00fa\u0161ku len kv\u00f4li vytvoreniu celkov\u00e9ho obrazu predmetu v ich hlav\u00e1ch? Stoj\u00ed tento obraz za nervov\u00e9 nap\u00e4tie? Nebude toto demotivova\u0165 \u0161tudentov po\u010das semestra? M\u00f4\u017ee sa tento obraz vytvori\u0165 nejako inak? O t\u00fdchto ot\u00e1zkach zatia\u013e rozm\u00fd\u0161\u013eam, p\u00ed\u0161te, ak m\u00e1te n\u00e1pady!<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Sp\u00f4sob organiz\u00e1cie kolekt\u00edvneho \u0161t\u00fadia te\u00f3rie po\u010das semestra\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/5d04195db9eebc567c73f900ad24051d.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u010eakujem za pozornos\u0165!<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>P.S.: Ni\u010d z nap\u00edsan\u00e9ho nepova\u017eujem za dogmu a budem r\u00e1d za opodstatnen\u00e9 koment\u00e1re a n\u00e1mietky =)<\/p>\n<p>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/463271\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412\u0441\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442! \u0413\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0434 \u044f \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043b \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0442\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u044f \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441 \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432. \u0421\u0443\u0434\u044f \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043c, \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u043d\u043e \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0430\u044f \u0438 \u0442\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u043c\u0430\u044f. \u0418 \u044f \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0451 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0435. \u041d\u043e \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0442\u043e \u0436\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043a-\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u0412\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043e\u043a, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":27775,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-37051","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0412\u0441\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442! 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