{"id":37409,"date":"2019-10-31T22:17:29","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:17:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/vhod-v-it-opyt-nigerijskogo-razrabotchika\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:17:29","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:17:29","slug":"vhod-v-it-opyt-nigerijskogo-razrabotchika","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/vhod-v-it-opyt-nigerijskogo-razrabotchika","title":{"rendered":"Vstup do IT: sk\u00fasenosti nigerijsk\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoj\u00e1ra","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vstup do IT: sk\u00fasenosti nigerijsk\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoj\u00e1ra\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/1b397545a7e927ace65eff072f1a8632.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n\u010casto dost\u00e1vam ot\u00e1zky o tom, ako za\u010da\u0165 kari\u00e9ru v oblasti IT, a v prvom rade od svojich krajanov \u2014 Nigerij\u010danov. Na v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu t\u00fdchto ot\u00e1zok nie je mo\u017en\u00e9 poskytn\u00fa\u0165 univerz\u00e1lnu odpove\u010f, no predsa, mysl\u00edm si, \u017ee ak na\u010drtnem v\u0161eobecn\u00fd pr\u00edstup k vstupu do IT, m\u00f4\u017ee to by\u0165 u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9.<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h4>Je nevyhnutn\u00e9 vedie\u0165 p\u00edsa\u0165 k\u00f3d?<\/h4>\n<p>\nVe\u013ek\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 ot\u00e1zok, ktor\u00e9 dost\u00e1vam od t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed sa chc\u00fa dosta\u0165 do IT v Nig\u00e9rii, sa t\u00fdka pr\u00e1ve vzdel\u00e1vania v programovan\u00ed. Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee d\u00f4vod spo\u010d\u00edva v dvoch okolnostiach:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ja s\u00e1m som v\u00fdvoj\u00e1r, tak\u017ee je celkom logick\u00e9, \u017ee \u013eudia h\u013eadaj\u00fa moju radu v s\u00favislosti s t\u00fdmito ot\u00e1zkami.<\/li>\n<li>Pr\u00e1ca s k\u00f3dom je dnes najatrakt\u00edvnej\u0161ou kari\u00e9rnou mo\u017enos\u0165ou v IT, aspo\u0148 u n\u00e1s. Mnoh\u00ed si myslia, \u017ee okrem nej neexistuj\u00fa \u017eiadne in\u00e9 mo\u017enosti. Zhor\u0161uje to aj fakt, \u017ee program\u00e1tori a ich ved\u00faci maj\u00fa najvy\u0161\u0161ie platy v odvetv\u00ed na celom svete.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nPod\u013ea m\u00f4jho n\u00e1zoru je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 uvedomi\u0165 si, \u017ee nie je nevyhnutn\u00e9 sa zameriava\u0165 len na k\u00f3d a sna\u017ei\u0165 sa sta\u0165, pod\u013ea v\u0161eobecne prijat\u00e9ho v\u00fdrazu, 'technick\u00fdm odborn\u00edkom'. Som presved\u010den\u00fd, \u017ee ovl\u00e1dnu\u0165 programovanie a venova\u0165 sa mu na profesion\u00e1lnej \u00farovni m\u00f4\u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd, kto sa dostato\u010dne sna\u017e\u00ed, ale mo\u017eno to jednoducho nepotrebujete.<\/p>\n<p>V IT existuje mno\u017estvo in\u00fdch kari\u00e9rnych ciest, o ktor\u00fdch by ste sa mali zamyslie\u0165. Ni\u017e\u0161ie vyjadr\u00edm svoje n\u00e1zory na niektor\u00e9 z nich a preberiem, ak\u00e9 perspekt\u00edvne s\u00fa z poh\u013eadu \u010dloveka \u017eij\u00faceho v Nig\u00e9rii.<\/p>\n<p>Toto nie je \u00fapln\u00fd zoznam alternat\u00edvnych profesi\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 nemaj\u00fa priamy vz\u0165ah k p\u00edsaniu k\u00f3du. Av\u0161ak aj o svojich sk\u00fasenostiach ako program\u00e1tor budem hovori\u0165 \u2014 ak ste sem pri\u0161li kv\u00f4li tomu, prejdite na \u010das\u0165 'A \u010do programovanie?'.<\/p>\n<h4>Mo\u017enosti zamestnania pre neprogram\u00e1torov<\/h4>\n<p>\n<b>Dizajn<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Dizajn je pomerne \u0161irok\u00fd pojem v IT, ale zvy\u010dajne, ke\u010f sa ma \u013eudia p\u00fdtaj\u00fa na dizajn, ide o UI alebo o UX. Tieto dva aspekty tie\u017e obsahuj\u00fa \u0161irok\u00e9 spektrum javov \u2014 zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa v\u0161etko, \u010do sa t\u00fdka vizu\u00e1lnych, hmatov\u00fdch a dokonca aj sluchov\u00fdch pocitov, ktor\u00e9 vznikaj\u00fa pri interakcii s produktom.<\/p>\n<p>Vo ve\u013ek\u00fdch organiz\u00e1ci\u00e1ch, najm\u00e4 v t\u00fdch, kde je dobre rozvinut\u00fd technologick\u00fd ekosyst\u00e9m, s\u00fa \u00falohy UI a UX rozdelen\u00e9 medzi \u00fazke \u0161pecializ\u00e1cie. Nejak\u00fd dizajn\u00e9r \u2014 zvy\u010dajne za\u010d\u00ednal ako univerz\u00e1l \u2014 sa star\u00e1 len o ikony, in\u00fd sa venuje len anim\u00e1ci\u00e1m. Tak\u00e1to miera \u0161pecializ\u00e1cie nie je pre Nig\u00e9riu typick\u00e1 \u2014 priemysel e\u0161te nedosiahla zrelos\u0165, ktor\u00e1 je potrebn\u00e1 na jej roz\u0161\u00edrenie. Tu pravdepodobne n\u00e1jdete univerz\u00e1lov, ktor\u00ed vykon\u00e1vaj\u00fa ak\u00e9ko\u013evek \u00falohy spojen\u00e9 s UI a UX.<\/p>\n<p>V skuto\u010dnosti, aj dizajn\u00e9ri, ktor\u00ed sa z\u00e1rove\u0148 venuj\u00fa aj frontendu \u2014 to nie je nezvy\u010dajn\u00fd jav. Ale teraz sa situ\u00e1cia za\u010d\u00edna meni\u0165. \u010coraz viac firiem je dostato\u010dne \u00faspe\u0161n\u00fdch na to, aby si mohli dovoli\u0165 zamestn\u00e1va\u0165 \u0161pecialistov, tak\u017ee na dizajne produktov pracuj\u00fa cel\u00e9 t\u00edmy. Na z\u00e1klade v\u0161etk\u00e9ho povedan\u00e9ho, proste zvl\u00e1dnu\u0165 profesiu dizajn\u00e9ra a t\u00fdm to obmedzi\u0165 \u2014 je celkom funk\u010dn\u00e1 strat\u00e9gia na budovanie kari\u00e9ry na nigerijskom trhu.<\/p>\n<p><b>Spr\u00e1va projektov<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Project mana\u017e\u00e9ri s\u00fa potrebn\u00ed prakticky v akejko\u013evek oblasti, tak\u017ee m\u00f4\u017eete sk\u00fasi\u0165 vyu\u017ei\u0165 sk\u00fasenosti a vedomosti nadobudnut\u00e9 v inej oblasti, aby ste uspel v IT. Samozrejme, je potrebn\u00e9 zoh\u013eadni\u0165, \u017ee niektor\u00e9 z nich bud\u00fa neuplatnite\u013en\u00e9, nehovoriac o tom, \u017ee mana\u017e\u00e9r mus\u00ed rozumie\u0165 aj technick\u00fdm detailom projektu, ktor\u00fd vedie. Ale ak ver\u00edte, \u017ee v\u00e1m ide dobre riadi\u0165 \u013eud\u00ed, budova\u0165 dial\u00f3g a vym\u00fd\u0161\u013ea\u0165 efekt\u00edvne pracovn\u00e9 sch\u00e9my, zv\u00e1\u017ete t\u00fato mo\u017enos\u0165. <\/p>\n<p><b>Marketing a rozvoj podnikania<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Rozvoj podnikania \u2014 to je tie\u017e dos\u0165 neur\u010dit\u00fd pojem. V technologick\u00fdch spolo\u010dnostiach sa im venuj\u00fa zamestnanci, ktor\u00ed sleduj\u00fa, aby projekt zaznamenal ak\u00fdsi rast \u2014 \u010di u\u017e je to rast po\u010dtu predplatite\u013eov, mno\u017estva objedn\u00e1vok, zobrazen\u00ed reklamy alebo ak\u00fdchko\u013evek in\u00fdch ukazovate\u013eov, ktor\u00e9 odr\u00e1\u017eaj\u00fa t\u00fa z\u00e1kladn\u00fa hodnotu, ktor\u00fa produkt pon\u00faka. V tomto procese s\u00fa zapojen\u00e9 ve\u013emi rozmanit\u00e9 zru\u010dnosti: propag\u00e1cia produktu, dizajn, zhroma\u017e\u010fovanie \u0161tatist\u00edk, komunik\u00e1cia \u00fastne a p\u00edsomne, projektov\u00fd mana\u017ement a tak \u010falej.<\/p>\n<p><b>Podpora pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Toto zamestnanie zriedkavo pri\u0165ahuje pozornos\u0165 \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed sa sna\u017eia vybudova\u0165 si kari\u00e9ru v IT. Vysvet\u013eujem to t\u00fdm, \u017ee vo v\u0161eobecnosti \u013eudia pracuj\u00faci v podpore v ne-technick\u00fdch oblastiach zar\u00e1baj\u00fa m\u00e1lo. Tento fakt je v\u00fdrokom z toho, \u017ee nigerijsk\u00e9 organiz\u00e1cie nevenuj\u00fa ve\u013ek\u00fa pozornos\u0165 z\u00e1kazn\u00edckej podpore a neinvestuj\u00fa do nej \u2014 v na\u0161ej kult\u00fare je hlboko zakorenen\u00e9 pr\u00edslovie \"<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@editieffiong\/manage-it-like-that-a-nigerian-story-faba59e9886b\">vykr\u00fa\u0165 sa nejako<\/a><\/noindex>\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>Av\u0161ak v poslednej dobe som si za\u010dal v\u0161\u00edma\u0165, \u017ee postoj k podpore a jej investovaniu sa za\u010d\u00edna meni\u0165 \u2014 aspo\u0148 tento posun je pozorovate\u013en\u00fd v technologickej ekosyst\u00e9me. Mlad\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti si uvedomili, \u017ee Nigerijci sa s\u00edce m\u00f4\u017eu nejako vykr\u00fati\u0165, ale pre podnikanie je lep\u0161ie a v\u00fdhodnej\u0161ie zabezpe\u010di\u0165 z\u00e1kazn\u00edkom maxim\u00e1lnu mo\u017en\u00fa pomoc. Ale aj keby sme t\u00fato tendenciu vynechali, v nasleduj\u00facej \u010dasti uvediem e\u0161te jeden d\u00f4vod, pre\u010do by ste mali zv\u00e1\u017ei\u0165 kari\u00e9ru v technickej podpore a in\u00fdch s\u00favisiacich oblastiach.<\/p>\n<h4>V\u00fdstup na medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fd trh<\/h4>\n<p>\nObrovsk\u00e1 v\u00fdhoda, ktor\u00fa n\u00e1m Internet poskytuje, je t\u00e1, \u017ee rozmaz\u00e1va hranice medzi krajinami, aspo\u0148 pokia\u013e ide o pr\u00e1cu a spolupr\u00e1cu. Fakt, \u017ee svoje zru\u010dnosti vo v\u0161etk\u00fdch uveden\u00fdch oblastiach (a mnoh\u00fdch nezmienovan\u00fdch) m\u00f4\u017eeme exportova\u0165 pr\u00e1cou na dia\u013eku, znamen\u00e1, \u017ee nie sme obmedzen\u00ed dopytom po dizajn\u00e9roch, pracovn\u00edkoch digit\u00e1lnych sf\u00e9rach a mana\u017e\u00e9roch len v Nig\u00e9rii.<\/p>\n<p>Existuje mnoho sp\u00f4sobov, ako sa dosta\u0165 na medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fd trh:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Pr\u00e1ca na dia\u013eku na vo\u013enej nohe. Existuj\u00fa platformy, ktor\u00e9 boli vytvoren\u00e9 pre tento konkr\u00e9tny \u00fa\u010del \u2014 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/toptal.com\/\">Toptal<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/gigster.com\/\">Gigster<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/upwork.com\/\">Upwork<\/a><\/noindex> a \u010fal\u0161ie. S\u00e1m som pracoval na vo\u013enej nohe na Gigster viac ako dva roky. Pracovalo tam aj mnoho \u010fal\u0161\u00edch odborn\u00edkov z Nig\u00e9rie \u2014 nielen program\u00e1tori, ale aj projektov\u00ed mana\u017e\u00e9ri a dizajn\u00e9ri.<\/li>\n<li>Pr\u00e1ca na pln\u00fd \u00fav\u00e4zok na dia\u013eku. Po celom svete s\u00fa rozpt\u00fdlen\u00e9 startupy, ktor\u00fdch zakladatelia h\u013eadaj\u00fa \u013eud\u00ed bez oh\u013eadu na geografick\u00e9 faktory. To jasne dokazuj\u00fa webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky s ponukami pr\u00e1ce ako <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/remoteok.io\/\">Remote|OK<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/li>\n<li>Odchod zo \u0161t\u00e1tu. Z m\u00f4jho poh\u013eadu je to najn\u00e1ro\u010dnej\u0161ia cesta, aspo\u0148 v na\u0161ej krajine. Cesty do zahrani\u010dia s\u00fa pre n\u00e1s zlo\u017eitou z\u00e1le\u017eitos\u0165ou, ke\u010f\u017ee je potrebn\u00e9 ve\u013ea urobi\u0165 a zaplati\u0165, aby sme z\u00edskali v\u00edza a povolenie na \u017eivot v zahrani\u010d\u00ed, najm\u00e4 ak krajina nie je africk\u00e1. Ale existuje aj jeden pozit\u00edvny aspekt: vlastne niet potrebn\u00e9 sa sna\u017ei\u0165 od\u00eds\u0165 z Afriky. V JAR, Keni, Ghane a in\u00fdch krajin\u00e1ch je dos\u0165 spolo\u010dnost\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 sa zauj\u00edmaj\u00fa o n\u00e1bor. Treba v\u0161ak prizna\u0165, \u017ee za hranicami kontinentu s\u00fa dopyt aj mzdy vy\u0161\u0161ie.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nPre seba si vol\u00edm pr\u00e1cu na dia\u013eku z dvoch d\u00f4vodov:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Toto je prakticky ide\u00e1lna situ\u00e1cia pre zamestn\u00e1vate\u013ea aj zamestnanca. Zamestnanec zvy\u010dajne m\u00e1 tak\u00fdto sp\u00f4sob uva\u017eovania: \u201eDva roky som sa u\u010dil na internete v\u0161etko, \u010do sa t\u00fdka technickej podpory, a oni mi pon\u00fakaj\u00fa 25 000 najr\u201c. Na druhej strane zamestn\u00e1vate\u013e, ktor\u00fd je tis\u00edce kilometrov od neho, si cen\u00ed jeho zru\u010dnosti a je ochotn\u00fd ho zamestna\u0165 z finan\u010dn\u00fdch d\u00f4vodov \u2014 je pravdepodobne lacnej\u0161ie zamestna\u0165 ho ako \u013eud\u00ed z jeho vlastn\u00e9ho regi\u00f3nu. Neznie to ve\u013emi dobre, ale v skuto\u010dnosti to nie je a\u017e tak stra\u0161n\u00e9. Absol\u00fatne hodnoty v\u017edy neprezentuj\u00fa obraz toho, ako \u00farove\u0148 mzdy ovplyv\u0148uje kvalitu \u017eivota \u010dloveka. Je potrebn\u00e9 zoh\u013eadni\u0165 n\u00e1klady na \u017eivot v pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch regi\u00f3noch. Mo\u017eno sa uk\u00e1\u017ee, \u017ee je v\u00fdhodnej\u0161ie by\u0165 program\u00e1torom so mzdo 40 000 dol\u00e1rov na dia\u013eku v Ibadan, ne\u017e zar\u00e1ba\u0165 100 000 dol\u00e1rov a \u017ei\u0165 v San Franciscu.<\/li>\n<li>Ak zar\u00e1bate peniaze v inej mene a m\u00ed\u0148ate ich v Nig\u00e9rii, prispievate k miestnej ekonomike.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<h4>A \u010do programovanie?<\/h4>\n<p>\nTu je najostrej\u0161ia ot\u00e1zka: \u201e\u010co presne sa u\u010di\u0165?\u201c. V\u00fdrazy \u201ep\u00edsa\u0165 k\u00f3d\u201c pokr\u00fdvaj\u00fa to\u013eko v\u0161etk\u00e9ho, \u017ee je \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 sa nestrati\u0165 a nec\u00edti\u0165 sa pre\u0165a\u017een\u00fd inform\u00e1ciami. Existuje mno\u017estvo jazykov a n\u00e1strojov programovania, ktor\u00e9 je mo\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017ei\u0165 r\u00f4znymi sp\u00f4sobmi. Za\u010diato\u010dn\u00edkom, najm\u00e4 samoukom, sa zvy\u010dajne zd\u00e1, \u017ee s\u00fa bombardovan\u00ed zo v\u0161etk\u00fdch str\u00e1n.<\/p>\n<p>\u201eOsvojte JavaScript, len ho neple\u0165te s Javou, aj ke\u010f Java by tie\u017e nebola na zahodenie, ak chcete pracova\u0165 so serverovou \u010das\u0165ou na Android. Napriek tomu je JavaScript prim\u00e1rne zameran\u00fd na prehliada\u010de. Budete tie\u017e potrebova\u0165 HTML, CSS, Python, Bootstrap (ale Bootstrap predsa nikam nepasuje... alebo \u00e1no?), React, Vue, Rails, PHP, Mongo, Redis, Embedded C, Strojov\u00e9 u\u010denie, Solidity a tak \u010falej.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>Dobr\u00fd spr\u00e1va: tejto zm\u00e4tku sa d\u00e1 vyhn\u00fa\u0165. Minul\u00fd rok som nap\u00edsal <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/chunksofco.de\/front-end-vs-back-end-vs-client-side-vs-server-side-7a04b3ec8764\">pr\u00edru\u010dka<\/a><\/noindex>, kde vysvet\u013eujem najz\u00e1kladnej\u0161ie pojmy (\u010d\u00edm sa l\u00ed\u0161i backend od frontendu a klientsk\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 od serverovej), ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa be\u017ene po\u010du\u0165 od program\u00e1torov \u2014 aspo\u0148 od t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed sa zaoberaj\u00fa webov\u00fdm v\u00fdvojom alebo mobiln\u00fdmi aplik\u00e1ciami.<\/p>\n<p>Tu je p\u00e1r r\u00e1d:<\/p>\n<p>1. <b>Zamyslite sa nad t\u00fdm, ak\u00fd produkt by ste chceli vytvori\u0165.<\/b> Pochopi\u0165, \u010do presne by ste sa mali u\u010di\u0165, bude jednoduch\u0161ie, ak sa pok\u00fasite predstavi\u0165 si kone\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdsledok. Mo\u017eno chcete vedie\u0165, ako vytvori\u0165 aplik\u00e1ciu na sledovanie v\u00fddajov na Android. Alebo ste u\u017e dlho rozm\u00fd\u0161\u013eali nad t\u00fdm, ak\u00e9 skvel\u00e9 by bolo nap\u00edsa\u0165 k\u00f3d pre svoj osobn\u00fd blog namiesto vyu\u017e\u00edvania hotov\u00fdch rie\u0161en\u00ed od WordPress alebo Medium. Alebo v\u00e1s mo\u017eno frustruje, ako aktu\u00e1lne vyzeraj\u00fa a funguj\u00fa online banky.<\/p>\n<p>Nie je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, \u017ee niekto u\u017e pravdepodobne uskuto\u010dnil to, \u010do m\u00e1te v pl\u00e1ne. Nie je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, \u017ee to okrem v\u00e1s nikto nevyu\u017eije. Nie je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, \u017ee sa v\u00e1m t\u00e1to my\u0161lienka zd\u00e1 hl\u00fapa alebo nerealistick\u00e1. Je to potrebn\u00e9 len preto, aby ste mali v\u00fdchodiskov\u00fd bod. Teraz m\u00f4\u017eete \u00eds\u0165 do Googlu a vyh\u013eada\u0165 \u201eako nap\u00edsa\u0165 k\u00f3d pre blog\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>\u010eal\u0161ou mo\u017enos\u0165ou, ako n\u00e1js\u0165 v\u00fdchodiskov\u00fd bod, je zamyslie\u0165 sa, k\u00fdm by ste chceli by\u0165. \u201eChcem sa zaobera\u0165 strojov\u00fdm u\u010den\u00edm.\u201c \u201eChcem by\u0165 v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rom na iOS.\u201c To v\u00e1m tie\u017e poskytne formul\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eete vyh\u013eada\u0165: \u201ekurzy strojov\u00e9ho u\u010denia\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>2. <b>Postupn\u00e9 osvojenie materi\u00e1lu.<\/b> Prv\u00e9 kroky z v\u00fdchodiskov\u00e9ho bodu tie\u017e zanech\u00e1vaj\u00fa pocit \u00fapln\u00e9ho zm\u00e4tku. D\u00f4vodom je to, \u017ee vytvorenie blogu od nuly vy\u017eaduje znalos\u0165 mnoh\u00fdch jazykov a n\u00e1strojov. Ale na za\u010diatku v\u00e1s to nemus\u00ed tr\u00e1pi\u0165.<\/p>\n<p>Pokra\u010dujme s pr\u00edkladom z prv\u00e9ho bodu. Tak\u017ee, zadal som do Google \u201eako nap\u00edsa\u0165 k\u00f3d pre blog\u201c a natrafil som na \u010dl\u00e1nok s tis\u00edc slovami, v ktor\u00fdch sa objavili term\u00edny ako HTML\/CSS, JavaScript, SQL a tak \u010falej. Za\u010d\u00ednam t\u00fdm, \u017ee vezmem prv\u00e9 slovo, ktor\u00e9 mi nie je jasn\u00e9, a za\u010dnem h\u013eada\u0165 inform\u00e1cie cez dopyty ako \u201e\u010do je HTML&amp;CSS\u201c, \u201enau\u010di\u0165 sa HTML&amp;CSS\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>3. <b>Zameran\u00e9 u\u010denie.<\/b> S\u00fastredte sa. Nechajte zatia\u013e v\u0161etko nadbyto\u010dn\u00e9 bokom a za\u010dnite s t\u00fdm najz\u00e1kladnej\u0161\u00edm. Obozn\u00e1mte sa s pojmom HTML&amp;CSS (alebo \u010d\u00edm to m\u00e1te) tak d\u00f4kladne, ako len m\u00f4\u017eete, a\u017e pokia\u013e nebudete ma\u0165 pocit, \u017ee ste to pochopili. U\u010di\u0165 sa z\u00e1klady m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9, preto\u017ee \u010dlovek nerozumie, ako sa to cel\u00e9 aplikuje v praxi. Neprest\u00e1vajte. \u010casom sa v\u0161etko objasn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Akon\u00e1hle skon\u010d\u00edte s prv\u00fdm nejasn\u00fdm term\u00ednom, m\u00f4\u017eete prejs\u0165 na \u010fal\u0161\u00ed \u2014 a takto do nekone\u010dna. Tento proces sa nikdy nekon\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h4>U\u010d\u00edme sa u\u010di\u0165<\/h4>\n<p>\nTak\u017ee ste sa rozhodli vysk\u00fa\u0161a\u0165 svoje sily v oblasti IT. Teraz ost\u00e1va pochopi\u0165, ako sa vyhn\u00fa\u0165 niektor\u00fdm \u00fazkym miestam:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>N\u00e1js\u0165 \u010das na u\u010denie a zdroje s materi\u00e1lmi<\/li>\n<li>Vyrovna\u0165 sa s faktorom Nig\u00e9rie, teda so v\u0161etk\u00fdmi na\u0161imi nedokonalos\u0165ami, kv\u00f4li ktor\u00fdm je ak\u00fdko\u013evek krok p\u00e4\u0165desiatkr\u00e1t n\u00e1ro\u010dnej\u0161\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>Z\u00edska\u0165 peniaze, ktor\u00e9 pl\u00e1nujeme na toto v\u0161etko min\u00fa\u0165<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nPoviem \u00faprimne: nem\u00e1m vy\u010derp\u00e1vaj\u00face odpovede na ka\u017ed\u00fd bod. Ot\u00e1zka zdrojov je obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 naliehav\u00e1, preto\u017ee\u2026 nu\u017e, sme v Nig\u00e9rii. Ak chcete dosiahnu\u0165 glob\u00e1lnu \u00farove\u0148, m\u00e1te podmienky ove\u013ea hor\u0161ie ako konkurencia. V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina miestnych nem\u00e1 ani pr\u00edstup k po\u010d\u00edta\u010du, stabiln\u00e9ho dod\u00e1vania elektriny a stabiln\u00e9ho internetu. Ja osobne som nemal \u017eiadne z t\u00fdchto troch, ke\u010f som za\u010d\u00ednal svoju kari\u00e9ru, a situ\u00e1cia u m\u0148a bola pritom e\u0161te \u010faleko od najhor\u0161ej.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina zdrojov, ktor\u00e9 budem uv\u00e1dza\u0165 \u010falej, sa bude t\u00fdka\u0165 t\u00e9m programovania \u2014 v tomto som najviac zbehl\u00fd. Ale podobn\u00e9 platformy sa \u013eahko vyh\u013ead\u00e1vaj\u00fa aj pre in\u00e9 oblasti, o ktor\u00fdch sa hovorilo.<\/p>\n<h4>Internet \u2014 to je v\u0161etko, \u010do potrebujete<\/h4>\n<p>\nAk m\u00e1te u\u017e st\u00e1ly pr\u00edstup na internet alebo si ho m\u00f4\u017eete \u013eahko dovoli\u0165, je to skvel\u00e9. Ak nie, vyu\u017eite \u010das, ke\u010f m\u00e1te pr\u00edstup na internet, naplno. Nie je to ide\u00e1lne rie\u0161enie - hlavne preto, \u017ee v\u00e1s to zbavuje pr\u00edle\u017eitosti okam\u017eite n\u00e1js\u0165 odpovede na vznikaj\u00face ot\u00e1zky - ale prax v p\u00edsan\u00ed k\u00f3du sa v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou d\u00e1 robi\u0165 aj offline, potom \u010do stiahnete potrebn\u00e9 programy a u\u010debn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly.<\/p>\n<p>Kedyko\u013evek som mal mo\u017enos\u0165 pripoji\u0165 sa na internet (napr\u00edklad v kancel\u00e1rii, kde som mal st\u00e1\u017e, alebo na lavi\u010dke pri doktorandskom intern\u00e1te na Lagoskej univerzite, kde sa dal chyti\u0165 Wi-Fi), robil som nasledovn\u00e9:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Stiahol som v\u0161etky potrebn\u00e9 s\u00fabory na in\u0161tal\u00e1ciu a nastavenie programov<\/li>\n<li>Stiahol som knihy, PDF dokumenty a video tutorialy, ktor\u00e9 som sa n\u00e1sledne u\u010dil offline<\/li>\n<li>Ulo\u017eil som webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky. Ak vid\u00edte n\u00e1vod, ktor\u00fd nestihnete prezrie\u0165 na cest\u00e1ch, ulo\u017ete cel\u00fa webov\u00fa str\u00e1nku na po\u010d\u00edta\u010d. Zdroje ako <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.freecodecamp.org\/\">freeCodeCamp<\/a><\/noindex> pon\u00fakaj\u00fa <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/freeCodeCamp\/freeCodeCamp\">repozit\u00e1ri<\/a><\/noindex> kompletn\u00fd s\u00fabor materi\u00e1lov.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nMobiln\u00fd traffic sa stal jednou z mojich hlavn\u00fdch v\u00fddavkov. Spr\u00e1vne s n\u00edm hospod\u00e1ri\u0165, najm\u00e4 ak pl\u00e1nujete zdie\u013ea\u0165 Wi-Fi na po\u010d\u00edta\u010di - to je zru\u010dnos\u0165, ktor\u00fa treba rozv\u00edja\u0165. Na\u0161\u0165astie v posledn\u00fdch rokoch ceny za traffic klesli.<\/p>\n<p><b>Ale budem musie\u0165 plati\u0165 za knihy, n\u00e1vody a kurzy?<\/b><\/p>\n<p>V skuto\u010dnosti nie. Na internete je mno\u017estvo bezplatn\u00fdch zdrojov. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/codecademy.com\/\">Codecademy<\/a><\/noindex> pon\u00faka bezplatn\u00fd tarifn\u00fd pl\u00e1n. Na <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/udacity.com\/\">edX<\/a><\/noindex> v\u0161etk\u00fdch kurzoch, okrem nano\u00farovn\u00ed, sa ni\u010d neplat\u00ed. Ve\u013ea z platen\u00e9ho obsahu bolo op\u00e4\u0165 zverejnen\u00fdch na YouTube. Na <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/coursera.org\/\">Coursera<\/a><\/noindex> a <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.khanacademy.org\/\">Khan Academy<\/a><\/noindex> tie\u017e pon\u00faka mno\u017estvo bezplatn\u00fdch materi\u00e1lov. A to s\u00fa len niektor\u00e9 z tis\u00edcov zdrojov dostupn\u00fdch na internete.<\/p>\n<p>Ned\u00e1 sa poprie\u0165: platen\u00fd obsah je \u010dasto kvalitnej\u0161\u00ed. Teraz samozrejme u\u017e neods\u00fahlasujem tak\u00e9to konanie, ale kedysi som pir\u00e1til knihy a vide\u00e1, na ktor\u00e9 som nemal peniaze.<\/p>\n<p>A kone\u010dne, najv\u00fdkonnej\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1strojom vo va\u0161ej spr\u00e1ve je Google. Sotva som sa dotkol vrcholu toho \u013eadovca zdrojov, ktor\u00e9 tam m\u00f4\u017eete n\u00e1js\u0165. Jednoducho h\u013eadajte to, \u010do potrebujete - a pravdepodobne to tam bude.<\/p>\n<h4>K\u00f3d a dizajn - len na po\u010d\u00edta\u010di<\/h4>\n<p>\nAk u\u017e nejak\u00fd m\u00e1te, je to skvel\u00e9. Ak nie, budete musie\u0165 z\u00edska\u0165 jeden. Ale je dobr\u00e1 spr\u00e1va: na za\u010diatok v\u00e1m netreba ni\u010d pr\u00edli\u0161 sofistikovan\u00e9, najm\u00e4 ak pl\u00e1nujete webov\u00fd v\u00fdvoj. Tieto \u0161pecifik\u00e1cie bud\u00fa \u00faplne vyhovova\u0165:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Procesor na 1,6 GHz<\/li>\n<li>RAM na 4 GB<\/li>\n<li>Pevn\u00fd disk s kapacitou 120 GB<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nNie\u010do tak\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eete z\u00edska\u0165 za pribli\u017ene 70 000 najr, mo\u017eno aj lacnej\u0161ie, ak kupujete z druhej ruky. A nie, MacBook nepotrebujete.<\/p>\n<p>Asi pred \u0161iestimi rokmi som sa u\u010dil v\u00fdvoj na WordPress a na to som sa musel takmer ka\u017ed\u00fd de\u0148 po\u017ei\u010diava\u0165 notebook zna\u010dky HP od kamar\u00e1ta. Nau\u010dil som sa naspam\u00e4\u0165, v ak\u00e9 dni a hodiny m\u00e1 vyu\u010dovanie na univerzite a kedy ide spa\u0165 \u2014 po\u010d\u00edta\u010d som mohol pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 len v tom \u010dase.<\/p>\n<p>Samozrejme, tieto odpor\u00fa\u010dania nie s\u00fa pre ka\u017ed\u00e9ho \u2014 niekto si nem\u00f4\u017ee dovoli\u0165 naraz vyda\u0165 70 000 najr, niekto nem\u00e1 priate\u013eov s notebookom a chu\u0165ou ho po\u017ei\u010da\u0165. Ale z\u00e1sadne je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 n\u00e1js\u0165 ak\u00fdko\u013evek sp\u00f4sob, ako z\u00edska\u0165 pr\u00edstup k po\u010d\u00edta\u010du. <\/p>\n<p>Ak nepl\u00e1nujete pracova\u0165 s dizajnom alebo k\u00f3dom, potom je smartf\u00f3n v\u00fdbornou alternat\u00edvou na \u0161t\u00fadium potrebn\u00fdch t\u00e9m. Ale samozrejme, s po\u010d\u00edta\u010dom je to pohodlnej\u0161ie.<\/p>\n<p>Ak po\u010d\u00edta\u010d m\u00e1te len ob\u010das, v medzer\u00e1ch m\u00f4\u017eete pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 mobiln\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie, s ktor\u00fdmi je ve\u013emi pohodln\u00e9 prij\u00edma\u0165 inform\u00e1cie na ceste. Mnoh\u00e9 z nich pon\u00fakaj\u00fa mo\u017enos\u0165 u\u010di\u0165 sa aj v offline re\u017eime.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/news.codecademy.com\/codecademy-go-faq\/\">Codecademy Go<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.getpy.com\/mobile\">Py<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 dobr\u00e9 mo\u017enosti na osvojenie k\u00f3du v mobilnom re\u017eime<\/li>\n<li>Google vydal pekn\u00fa aplik\u00e1ciu <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.yourprimer.com\/\">Primer<\/a><\/noindex>, s ktorou m\u00f4\u017eete rozv\u00edja\u0165 svoje digit\u00e1lne marketingov\u00e9 zru\u010dnosti<\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.khanacademy.org\/downloads\">KA Lite<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 aplik\u00e1cia, ktor\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje sledova\u0165 vide\u00e1 z Khan Academy v offline re\u017eime.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nSom si ist\u00fd, \u017ee ak sa pozriete lep\u0161ie, tento zoznam m\u00f4\u017eete roz\u0161\u00edri\u0165.<\/p>\n<h4>Kde h\u013eada\u0165 pomoc<\/h4>\n<p>\nNie je nutn\u00e9 prekon\u00e1va\u0165 v\u0161etky \u0165a\u017ekosti osamote. Tu s\u00fa niektor\u00e9 zdroje, kde v\u00e1m pom\u00f4\u017eu s u\u010den\u00edm:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/andela.com\/\">Andela<\/a><\/noindex><\/b>: Platforma Andela pripravuje odborn\u00edkov svetovej \u00farovne, pri\u010dom im aj platia. D\u013a\u017eka programu je \u0161tyri roky a po\u010das tohto \u010dasu budete nielen u\u010di\u0165, ale aj vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 skuto\u010dn\u00e9 produkty pre technologick\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti z cel\u00e9ho sveta, \u010do poskytuje ve\u013emi cenn\u00e9 sk\u00fasenosti.<\/li>\n<li><b><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/paystack.com\/lambda\">Lambda School Africa Pilot<\/a><\/noindex><\/b>: \u0161kola Lambda za dev\u00e4\u0165 mesiacov pripravuje zru\u010dn\u00fdch v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rov, ktor\u00ed okam\u017eite nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa pr\u00e1cu, pri\u010dom od v\u00e1s neber\u00fa \u017eiadne peniaze, k\u00fdm nez\u00edskate zamestnanie. Teraz je Lambda <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/paystack.com\/lambda\">dostupn\u00e1 aj v Afrike<\/a><\/noindex>; so \u0161kolou spolupracuj\u00fa Paystack, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/buycoins.africa\/\">BuyCoins<\/a><\/noindex> (tu pracujem ja), Cowrywise, CredPal a \u010fal\u0161ie miestne spolo\u010dnosti. Prv\u00fd kurz je u\u017e uzavret\u00fd, ale v nasleduj\u00facom roku, som si ist\u00fd, \u017ee vyhl\u00e1sime nov\u00fd.<\/li>\n<li><b><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/p\/cdeaac6fd79a\/edit\">\u0160tipendium od IA<\/a><\/noindex><\/b>. Sl\u00e1vny frontendov\u00fd v\u00fdvoj\u00e1r a spoluzakladate\u013e mojej firmy BuyCoins <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/u\/f7f8398c3660?source=post_page---------------------------\">Ire Aderinokun<\/a><\/noindex> ka\u017ed\u00fd rok plat\u00ed pre jednu \u017eenu ak\u00fdko\u013evek nano kurz na Udacity. To je obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 l\u00e1kav\u00e9, preto\u017ee ich program sa neobmedzuje len na programovanie: s\u00fa tam aj digit\u00e1lne a in\u00e9 obchodn\u00e9 discipl\u00edny. Moment\u00e1lne sa prihl\u00e1\u0161ky neprij\u00edmaj\u00fa, ale pracuje sa na pr\u00edprave druhej iter\u00e1cie.<\/li>\n<li><b><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.resplash.academy\/\">Resplash<\/a><\/noindex><\/b>: bezplatn\u00fd program, v ktorom \u017eeny ovl\u00e1daj\u00fa programovanie pod veden\u00edm mentorov. Tu sa m\u00f4\u017eete nau\u010di\u0165 nielen pracova\u0165 s k\u00f3dom, ale aj zaklada\u0165 a riadi\u0165 startupy s podporou sk\u00fasen\u00fdch zakladate\u013eov.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h4>\u010eal\u0161ie tipy<\/h4>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Vy\u010dle\u0148te \u010das na u\u010denie a prax ka\u017ed\u00fd de\u0148.<\/li>\n<li>Akt\u00edvne h\u013eadajte to, \u010do potrebujete. Niekde na internete to ur\u010dite je. Tak\u017ee h\u013eadajte.<\/li>\n<li>Ak sa \u010dasto vyp\u00edna elektrina, vylep\u0161ite svoje zru\u010dnosti v oblasti spr\u00e1vy bat\u00e9ri\u00ed telef\u00f3nu a po\u010d\u00edta\u010da na maximum. St\u00e1le zap\u00e1jame nab\u00edja\u010dky pri prvej pr\u00edle\u017eitosti \u2014 zvyknem na paranoidn\u00e9 my\u0161lienky, \u017ee ke\u010f pr\u00eddem domov, m\u00f4\u017ee tam by\u0165 tma.<\/li>\n<li>Hne\u010f ako dosiahnete \u00farove\u0148, kde si m\u00f4\u017eete by\u0165 ist\u00ed svojou schopnos\u0165ou osvoji\u0165 si ak\u00e9ko\u013evek koncepty a t\u00e9my, pok\u00faste sa n\u00e1js\u0165 pr\u00e1cu na zmluvu \u2014 t\u00e1 v\u00e1s prin\u00fati sa v nich d\u00f4kladne zorientova\u0165. V tejto f\u00e1ze nez\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, ko\u013eko v\u00e1m platia, pova\u017eujte ak\u00e9ko\u013evek peniaze ako pr\u00edjemn\u00fd bonus.<\/li>\n<li>Vyjdite na svetlo. Dajte \u013eu\u010fom najavo, \u017ee to mysl\u00edte v\u00e1\u017ene. Toho m\u00f4\u017eete dosiahnu\u0165 r\u00f4znymi sp\u00f4sobmi \u2014 vytvorte si osobn\u00fd web, zap\u00e1jajte sa do diskusi\u00ed s in\u00fdmi v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rmi, pridajte sa do skup\u00edn na soci\u00e1lnych sie\u0165ach, p\u00ed\u0161te pr\u00edspevky do blogov.<\/li>\n<li>Nevzd\u00e1vajte sa.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/digital-ecosystems\/blog\/464753\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041c\u043d\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b \u043e \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0430\u0440\u044c\u0435\u0440\u0443 \u0432 \u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435 IT, \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u2014 \u043d\u0438\u0433\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0439\u0446\u044b. \u041d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442, \u043d\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435-\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438, \u043c\u043d\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u044f \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0443 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u043a \u0434\u0435\u0431\u044e\u0442\u0443 \u0432 IT, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u044b\u043c. \u041e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0438 \u0443\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0434? \u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0430\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":28069,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-37409","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041c\u043d\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 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