{"id":37708,"date":"2019-10-31T22:19:14","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:19:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/frejmvork-dlya-napisaniya-zashhishhyonnyh-drajverov-dlya-yadra-linux-na-yazyke-rust\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:19:14","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:19:14","slug":"frejmvork-dlya-napisaniya-zashhishhyonnyh-drajverov-dlya-yadra-linux-na-yazyke-rust","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/frejmvork-dlya-napisaniya-zashhishhyonnyh-drajverov-dlya-yadra-linux-na-yazyke-rust","title":{"rendered":"Framework na p\u00edsanie bezpe\u010dn\u00fdch ovl\u00e1da\u010dov pre jadro Linux v jazyku Rust","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Josh Triplett, pracuj\u00faci v spolo\u010dnosti Intel a \u010dlen v\u00fdboru, ktor\u00fd dohliada na rozvoj Crates.io, vo svojom prejave na konferencii Open Source Technology Summit predstavil<\/a><\/noindex> pracovn\u00fa skupinu zameran\u00fa na dosiahnutie parity jazyka Rust s jazykom C v oblasti syst\u00e9mov\u00e9ho programovania. <\/p>\n

V pracovnej skupine, ktor\u00e1 sa aktu\u00e1lne vytv\u00e1ra, v\u00fdvoj\u00e1ri Rust spolu s in\u017einiermi z firmy Intel pripravuj\u00fa \u0161pecifik\u00e1cie definuj\u00face funk\u010dnos\u0165, ktor\u00fa je potrebn\u00e9 realizova\u0165 v Rust pre syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 programovanie. Syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 programovanie \u010dasto vy\u017eaduje n\u00edzko\u00farov\u0148ov\u00e9 manipul\u00e1cie, ako s\u00fa vykon\u00e1vanie privil\u00e9giovan\u00fdch procesorov\u00fdch in\u0161trukci\u00ed a z\u00edskavanie podrobn\u00fdch inform\u00e1ci\u00ed o stave procesora. Medzi u\u017e vyv\u00edjan\u00fdmi mo\u017enos\u0165ami pre Rust s\u00fa podporovan\u00e9 neomenovan\u00e9 \u0161trukt\u00fary, zjednotenia (union), assemblerov\u00e9 vklady (makro \"asm!\") a form\u00e1t \u010d\u00edsel s pohyblivou desatinnou \u010diarkou BFLOAT16.<\/p>\n

Josh ver\u00ed, \u017ee bud\u00facnos\u0165 syst\u00e9mov\u00e9ho programovania patr\u00ed jazyku Rust, zatia\u013e \u010do jazyk C v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti bojuje o miesto, ktor\u00e9 predt\u00fdm patrilo assembleru.
\nRust nielen\u017ee zbavuje v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rov probl\u00e9mov, ktor\u00e9 sa sp\u00e1jaj\u00fa s jazykom C v d\u00f4sledku n\u00edzko\u00farov\u0148ovej manipul\u00e1cie s pam\u00e4\u0165ou, ale tie\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje vyu\u017e\u00edva\u0165 modern\u00e9 programovacie paradigmy.<\/p>\n

Po\u010das diskusie<\/a><\/noindex> predn\u00e1\u0161ky
\nJosh navrhol prida\u0165 mo\u017enos\u0165 v\u00fdvoja ovl\u00e1da\u010dov v jazyku Rust do jadra Linux, \u010do by umo\u017enilo s minim\u00e1lnymi n\u00e1maham vytvori\u0165 bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 a kvalitnej\u0161ie ovl\u00e1da\u010de, zbaven\u00e9 probl\u00e9mov ako je pr\u00edstup do oblasti pam\u00e4te po jej uvo\u013enen\u00ed, dereferencovanie nulov\u00fdch ukazovate\u013eov a prekro\u010denie hran\u00edc bufra. <\/p>\n

Greg Kroah-Hartman, zodpovedn\u00fd za podporu stabilnej vetvy jadra Linux, vyjadril ochotu prida\u0165 framework na v\u00fdvoj ovl\u00e1da\u010dov v jazyku Rust do jadra, ak prinesie re\u00e1lne v\u00fdhody v porovnan\u00ed s jazykom C, napr\u00edklad poskytne bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 obaly nad API jadra. Okrem toho Greg pova\u017euje tento framework iba za mo\u017enos\u0165, ktor\u00e1 nebude predvolene akt\u00edvna, aby sa Rust nestal jednou z build z\u00e1vislost\u00ed jadra.<\/p>\n

Ukazuje sa, \u017ee nieko\u013eko t\u00edmov u\u017e pracuje v tomto smere. Napr\u00edklad v\u00fdvoj\u00e1ri z firmy \"Fish in a Barrel\" pripravili<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00e1stroj pro psan\u00ed modul\u016f pro Linuxov\u00e9 j\u00e1dro v jazyce Rust, vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed k pos\u00edlen\u00ed zabezpe\u010den\u00ed sadu abstraktn\u00edch vrstev nad rozhran\u00edmi a strukturami j\u00e1dra. Vrstva se automaticky generuje na z\u00e1klad\u011b existuj\u00edc\u00edch hlavi\u010dkov\u00fdch soubor\u016f j\u00e1dra pomoc\u00ed utilitky bindgen<\/a><\/noindex>. Pro sestaven\u00ed vrstev se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 Clang. Sestavovan\u00e9 moduly krom\u011b vrstev vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed bal\u00ed\u010dek staticlib.<\/p>\n

Sou\u010dasn\u011b se vyv\u00edj\u00ed<\/a><\/noindex> e\u0161te jeden projekt, zameran\u00fd na v\u00fdvoj ovl\u00e1da\u010dov pre zabudovan\u00e9 syst\u00e9my a zariadenia internetu vec\u00ed, ktor\u00fd tie\u017e vyu\u017e\u00edva bindgen na generovanie medzi\u010dl\u00e1nkov na z\u00e1klade hlavi\u010dkov\u00fdch s\u00faborov jadra. R\u00e1mec umo\u017e\u0148uje dosiahnu\u0165 zv\u00fd\u0161enie bezpe\u010dnosti ovl\u00e1da\u010dov bez zmeny jadra \u2014 namiesto vytv\u00e1rania dodato\u010dn\u00fdch \u00farovn\u00ed izol\u00e1cie v jadre pre ovl\u00e1da\u010de sa navrhuje blokova\u0165 probl\u00e9my na \u00farovni kompil\u00e1cie pou\u017eit\u00edm bezpe\u010dnej\u0161ieho jazyka Rust. Predpoklad\u00e1 sa, \u017ee tak\u00fdto pr\u00edstup m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 z\u00e1ujem medzi v\u00fdrobcami hardv\u00e9ru, ktor\u00ed vyv\u00edjaj\u00fa propriet\u00e1rne ovl\u00e1da\u010de na r\u00fdchlo bez riadneho auditu.<\/p>\n

Ne v\u0161echny zam\u00fd\u0161len\u00e9 funkcionality jsou prozat\u00edm realizov\u00e1ny, ale r\u00e1mec je ji\u017e docela pou\u017eiteln\u00fd a byl pou\u017eit k naps\u00e1n\u00ed pracovn\u00edho ovlada\u010de pro Ethernetov\u00fd \u0159adi\u010d LAN9512 USB, dod\u00e1van\u00fd na desce Raspberry Pi 3. Jako referen\u010dn\u00ed implementace p\u0159i psan\u00ed ovlada\u010de v Rustu byl pou\u017eit existuj\u00edc\u00ed ovlada\u010d smsc95xx, napsan\u00fd v jazyce C. Je zm\u00edn\u011bno, \u017ee velikost modulu a re\u017eijn\u00ed n\u00e1klady na runtime komponenty p\u0159i v\u00fdvoji ovlada\u010de v Rustu jsou nev\u00fdznamn\u00e9, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje pou\u017eit\u00ed r\u00e1mce pro za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed s omezen\u00fdmi zdroji.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0414\u0436\u043e\u0448 \u0422\u0440\u0438\u043f\u043b\u0435\u0442 (Josh Triplett), \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 Intel \u0438 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442, \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435 Crates.io, \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0451\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438 Open Source Technology Summit \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0443\u044e \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0443, \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430 Rust \u0434\u043e \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0421\u0438 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0412 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 Rust \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0441 \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u0437 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-37708","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47R\u00e1mec pro psan\u00ed zabezpe\u010den\u00fdch ovlada\u010d\u016f pro Linuxov\u00e9 j\u00e1dro v jazyce Rust | ProHoster","description":"Josh Triplett, pracuj\u00edc\u00ed ve spole\u010dnosti Intel a \u010dlen v\u00fdboru dohl\u00ed\u017eej\u00edc\u00edho na rozvoj Crates.io, ve sv\u00e9m vystoupen\u00ed na konferenci Open Source Technology 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