{"id":37745,"date":"2019-10-31T22:19:28","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:19:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/balansirovka-nagruzki-v-openstack-chast-2\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:19:28","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:19:28","slug":"balansirovka-nagruzki-v-openstack-chast-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/administrirovanie\/balansirovka-nagruzki-v-openstack-chast-2","title":{"rendered":"Vyva\u017eovanie za\u0165a\u017eenia v Openstacku (\u010cas\u0165 2)","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>V <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/rostelecom\/blog\/461483\/\">v minulom \u010dl\u00e1nku<\/a><\/noindex> sme sa podelili o pokusy pou\u017ei\u0165 Watcher a predstavili sme spr\u00e1vu z testovania. Tak\u00e9to testovanie vykon\u00e1vame pravidelne pre vyva\u017eovanie a \u010fal\u0161ie kritick\u00e9 funkcie ve\u013ek\u00e9ho podnikov\u00e9ho alebo oper\u00e1torsk\u00e9ho cloudu.<\/p>\n<p>Vysok\u00e1 zlo\u017eitost \u00falohy m\u00f4\u017ee vy\u017eadova\u0165 nieko\u013eko \u010dl\u00e1nkov na popis n\u00e1\u0161ho projektu. Dnes zverej\u0148ujeme druh\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nok cyklu, ktor\u00fd je venovan\u00fd vyva\u017eovaniu virtu\u00e1lnych strojov v cloude. <\/p>\n<h3>Trochu terminol\u00f3gie<\/h3>\n<p>\nSpolo\u010dnos\u0165 VmWare zaviedla n\u00e1stroj DRS (Distributed Resource Scheduler) na vyva\u017eovanie za\u0165a\u017eenia vo vlastnom v\u00fdvoji a ponuke virtualiza\u010dn\u00e9ho prostredia. <\/p>\n<p>Ako p\u00ed\u0161e <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/searchvmware.techtarget.com\/definition\/VMware-DRS\">searchvmware.techtarget.com\/definition\/VMware-DRS<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<i>\u201eVMware DRS (Pl\u00e1nova\u010d distribuovan\u00fdch zdrojov) je n\u00e1stroj, ktor\u00fd vyva\u017euje po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 za\u0165a\u017eenia s dostupn\u00fdmi zdrojmi vo virtu\u00e1lnom prostred\u00ed. Tento n\u00e1stroj je s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou bal\u00edka virtualiz\u00e1cie nazvan\u00e9ho VMware Infrastructure.<\/p>\n<p>S pomocou VMware DRS ur\u010duj\u00fa pou\u017e\u00edvatelia pravidl\u00e1 rozdelenia fyzick\u00fdch zdrojov medzi virtu\u00e1lne stroje (VM). N\u00e1stroj m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 nastaven\u00fd na manu\u00e1lne alebo automatick\u00e9 riadenie. Zdroje VMware m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 \u013eahko prid\u00e1van\u00e9, odstra\u0148ovan\u00e9 alebo reorganizovan\u00e9. Ak je to potrebn\u00e9, zdroje m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 oddelen\u00e9 medzi r\u00f4znymi obchodn\u00fdmi jednotkami. Ak sa pracovn\u00e9 za\u0165a\u017eenie na jednom alebo viacer\u00fdch virtu\u00e1lnych strojoch dramaticky men\u00ed, VMware DRS pres\u00fava virtu\u00e1lne stroje medzi fyzick\u00fdmi servermi. Ak sa celkov\u00e9 pracovn\u00e9 za\u0165a\u017eenie zni\u017euje, niektor\u00e9 fyzick\u00e9 servery m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 do\u010dasne vypnut\u00e9 a pracovn\u00e9 za\u0165a\u017eenie zjednoten\u00e9.\u201c<\/i><\/p>\n<h3>Pre\u010do je vyva\u017eovanie potrebn\u00e9?<\/h3>\n<p>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nPod\u013ea n\u00e1\u0161ho n\u00e1zoru je DRS povinnou funkciou cloudu, hoci to neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee DRS je potrebn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 v\u017edy a v\u0161ade. V z\u00e1vislosti od \u00fa\u010delu a potrieb cloudu m\u00f4\u017eu existova\u0165 r\u00f4zne po\u017eiadavky na DRS a met\u00f3dy vyva\u017eovania. Mo\u017eno existuj\u00fa situ\u00e1cie, ke\u010f vyva\u017eovanie nie je v\u00f4bec potrebn\u00e9. Alebo je dokonca \u0161kodliv\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Aby sme lep\u0161ie pochopili, kde a pre ak\u00fdch klientov je DRS potrebn\u00e9, zv\u00e1\u017eme ich ciele a \u00falohy. Cloudu m\u00f4\u017eeme rozdeli\u0165 na verejn\u00e9 a s\u00fakromn\u00e9. Tu s\u00fa hlavn\u00e9 rozdiely t\u00fdchto cloudov a cie\u013eov klientov.<\/p>\n<p>S\u00fakromn\u00e9 cloudu \/ Ve\u013ek\u00ed korpor\u00e1tni klienti<br \/>\nVerejn\u00e9 cloudu \/ Stredn\u00fd a mal\u00fd biznis, jednotlivci<\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00fd kriterium a ciele oper\u00e1tora<br \/>\nPoskytovanie spo\u013eahlivej slu\u017eby alebo produktu<br \/>\nZn\u00ed\u017eenie n\u00e1kladov na slu\u017eby v s\u00fa\u0165a\u017ei na konkuren\u010dnom trhu<\/p>\n<p>Po\u017eiadavky na slu\u017ebu<br \/>\nSpo\u013eahlivos\u0165 na v\u0161etk\u00fdch \u00farovniach a vo v\u0161etk\u00fdch prvkoch syst\u00e9mu<\/p>\n<p>Zaru\u010den\u00fd v\u00fdkon<\/p>\n<p>Prioritiz\u00e1cia virtu\u00e1lnych strojov do nieko\u013ek\u00fdch kateg\u00f3ri\u00ed\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Informa\u010dn\u00e1 a fyzick\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 \u00fadajov<\/p>\n<p>SLA a 24\/7 podpora<br \/>\nMaxim\u00e1lna jednoduchost z\u00edskania slu\u017eby<\/p>\n<p>Relat\u00edvne jednoduch\u00e9 slu\u017eby<\/p>\n<p>Zodpovednos\u0165 za \u00fadaje le\u017e\u00ed na z\u00e1kazn\u00edkovi<\/p>\n<p>Prioritiz\u00e1cia VM nie je potrebn\u00e1<\/p>\n<p>Informa\u010dn\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 na \u00farovni \u0161tandardn\u00fdch slu\u017eieb, zodpovednos\u0165 na z\u00e1kazn\u00edkovi<\/p>\n<p>M\u00f4\u017eu nasta\u0165 v\u00fdpadky<\/p>\n<p>\u017diadne SLA, kvalita nie je zaru\u010den\u00e1<\/p>\n<p>Podpora cez e-mail<\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1lohovanie nie je povinn\u00e9<\/p>\n<p>Zvl\u00e1\u0161tnosti z\u00e1kazn\u00edka<br \/>\nVe\u013emi \u0161irok\u00e9 spektrum aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Legacy aplik\u00e1cie, zdeden\u00e9 v spolo\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n<p>Zlo\u017eit\u00e9 prisp\u00f4soben\u00e9 architekt\u00fary pre ka\u017ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kazn\u00edka.<\/p>\n<p>Affinity pravidl\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>Prev\u00e1dzka softv\u00e9ru bez prest\u00e1vky v re\u017eime 7x24.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Prostriedky z\u00e1lohovania \u201eza behu\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>Predv\u00eddate\u013en\u00e1 cyklick\u00e1 z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e z\u00e1kazn\u00edka.<br \/>\n\u0160tandardn\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie \u2013 vyva\u017eovanie siete, Apache, WEB, VPN, SQL<\/p>\n<p>M\u00f4\u017ee d\u00f4js\u0165 k do\u010dasn\u00e9mu zastaveniu aplik\u00e1cie<\/p>\n<p>Povo\u013euje sa n\u00e1hodn\u00e9 rozdelenie VM v cloude<\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1lohovanie silami z\u00e1kazn\u00edka<\/p>\n<p>Predv\u00eddate\u013en\u00e1 pri ve\u013ekom po\u010dte z\u00e1kazn\u00edkov \u0161tatisticky priemern\u00e1 z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e.<\/p>\n<p>D\u00f4sledky pre architekt\u00faru<br \/>\nGeo-klasifik\u00e1cia<\/p>\n<p>Centralizovan\u00fd alebo distribuovan\u00fd \u00falo\u017en\u00fd syst\u00e9m<\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1lohovan\u00e9 SRK<br \/>\nLok\u00e1lne ukladanie \u00fadajov na v\u00fdpo\u010dtov\u00fdch uzloch<\/p>\n<p>Ciele vyva\u017eovania<br \/>\n\u00damern\u00e9 rozdelenie z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ee<\/p>\n<p>Maxim\u00e1lna odozva aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Minim\u00e1lna oneskorenie pri vyva\u017eovan\u00ed<\/p>\n<p>Vyva\u017eovanie len v pr\u00edpade zjavnej potreby<\/p>\n<p>Vyvedenie \u010dasti vybavenia na prevent\u00edvnu \u00fadr\u017ebu<br \/>\nZn\u00ed\u017eenie n\u00e1kladov na slu\u017eby a n\u00e1kladov oper\u00e1tora\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Odpojenie \u010dasti zdrojov v pr\u00edpade nizkej z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ee<\/p>\n<p>\u00daspora elektrickej energie<\/p>\n<p>Zn\u00ed\u017eenie n\u00e1kladov na person\u00e1l<\/p>\n<h3> Pre seba rob\u00edme nasleduj\u00face z\u00e1very:<\/h3>\n<p>\n<b>Pre s\u00fakromn\u00e9 cloudu<\/b>, poskytovan\u00e9 ve\u013ek\u00fdm korpor\u00e1tnym z\u00e1kazn\u00edkom, DRS m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 aplikovan\u00e9 s oh\u013eadom na obmedzenia:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>informa\u010dn\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 a zoh\u013eadnenie pravidiel affinity pri vyva\u017eovan\u00ed;<\/li>\n<li>existencia dostato\u010dn\u00e9ho objemu rezervn\u00fdch zdrojov v pr\u00edpade hav\u00e1rie;<\/li>\n<li>\u00fadaje virtu\u00e1lnych strojov s\u00fa ulo\u017een\u00e9 na centralizovanej alebo distribuovanej \u00falo\u017enej s\u00fastave;<\/li>\n<li>rozlo\u017eenie \u010dasov\u00fdch proced\u00far spr\u00e1vy, z\u00e1lohovania a vyrovn\u00e1vania z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ee;<\/li>\n<li>vyrovn\u00e1vanie len v r\u00e1mci aglomer\u00e1cie hostite\u013eov klienta;<\/li>\n<li>vyrovn\u00e1vanie len pri v\u00fdraznom nevyv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed, naj\u00fa\u010dinnej\u0161ie a najbezpe\u010dnej\u0161ie migr\u00e1cie VM (migr\u00e1cia m\u00f4\u017ee skon\u010di\u0165 ne\u00faspe\u0161ne);<\/li>\n<li>vyrovn\u00e1vanie s oh\u013eadom na \"pokojn\u00e9\" virtu\u00e1lne stroje (migr\u00e1cia \"hlu\u010dn\u00fdch\" virtu\u00e1lnych strojov m\u00f4\u017ee trva\u0165 ve\u013emi dlho);<\/li>\n<li>vyrovn\u00e1vanie s oh\u013eadom na \"n\u00e1klady\" \u2014 z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e na \u00falo\u017en\u00fa s\u00fastavu a sie\u0165 (pri prisp\u00f4soben\u00fdch architekt\u00farach pre ve\u013ek\u00fdch klientov);<\/li>\n<li>vyrovn\u00e1vanie so zoh\u013eadnen\u00edm individu\u00e1lnych charakterist\u00edk spr\u00e1vania ka\u017ed\u00e9ho VM;<\/li>\n<li>vyrovn\u00e1vanie je \u017eiaduce vykon\u00e1va\u0165 v nepracovnom \u010dase (noc, v\u00edkendy, sviatky).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<b>Pre verejn\u00e9 cloudu<\/b>, poskytuj\u00face slu\u017eby mal\u00fdm z\u00e1kazn\u00edkom, DRS m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 aplikovan\u00e9 ove\u013ea \u010dastej\u0161ie, s roz\u0161\u00edren\u00fdmi funkciami:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>absencia obmedzen\u00ed informa\u010dnej bezpe\u010dnosti a afinity pravidiel; <\/li>\n<li>vyrovn\u00e1vanie v r\u00e1mci cloudu;<\/li>\n<li>vyrovn\u00e1vanie v akomko\u013evek rozumnom \u010dase;<\/li>\n<li>vyrovn\u00e1vanie ak\u00e9hoko\u013evek VM; <\/li>\n<li>vyrovn\u00e1vanie \"hlu\u010dn\u00fdch\" virtu\u00e1lnych strojov (aby sa nezabr\u00e1nilo ostatn\u00fdm); <\/li>\n<li>\u00fadaje virtu\u00e1lnych strojov sa \u010dasto nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa na lok\u00e1lnych diskoch;<\/li>\n<li>zoh\u013eadnenie priemernej v\u00fdkonnosti \u00falo\u017enej s\u00fastavy a siete (architekt\u00fara cloudu je jednotn\u00e1);<\/li>\n<li>vyrovn\u00e1vanie pod\u013ea zov\u0161eobecnen\u00fdch pravidiel a dostupnej \u0161tatistiky spr\u00e1vania d\u00e1tov\u00fdch centier.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2>Zlo\u017eitost probl\u00e9mu<\/h2>\n<p>\nZlo\u017eitost vyrovn\u00e1vania spo\u010d\u00edva v tom, \u017ee DRS mus\u00ed pracova\u0165 s ve\u013ek\u00fdm mno\u017estvom nejasn\u00fdch faktorov:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>spr\u00e1vanie pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov ka\u017ed\u00e9ho z informa\u010dn\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov klientov;<\/li>\n<li>algoritmy fungovania serverov informa\u010dn\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov;<\/li>\n<li>spr\u00e1vanie serverov datab\u00e1zov\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov;<\/li>\n<li>z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e na v\u00fdpo\u010dtov\u00e9 zdroje, \u00falo\u017en\u00fa s\u00fastavu, sie\u0165; <\/li>\n<li>interakcia serverov navz\u00e1jom v boji o zdroje cloudu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nZ\u00e1\u0165a\u017e ve\u013ek\u00e9ho po\u010dtu virtu\u00e1lnych aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed a datab\u00e1zov\u00fdch serverov na zdroje cloudu sa vyv\u00edja v \u010dase, n\u00e1sledky m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 prejavovan\u00e9 a prekryt\u00e9 vz\u00e1jomne s nepredv\u00eddate\u013en\u00fdm efektom v nepredv\u00eddate\u013enom \u010dase. Aj pri riaden\u00ed relat\u00edvne jednoduch\u00fdch procesov (napr\u00edklad riadenie motora, syst\u00e9m vodn\u00e9ho vykurovania domu) je potrebn\u00e9, aby syst\u00e9my automatick\u00e9ho regulovania pou\u017e\u00edvali zlo\u017eit\u00e9. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9F%D0%98%D0%94-%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80\">proporcion\u00e1lne-integrovan\u00e9-diferenci\u00e1lne <\/a><\/noindex>algoritmy s sp\u00e4tnou v\u00e4zbou. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vyva\u017eovanie za\u0165a\u017eenia v Openstacku (\u010cas\u0165 2)\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/5270ddb943db9b4921a887e67c4f2a8f.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nNa\u0161a \u00faloha je o mnoho poriadkov zlo\u017eitej\u0161ia a existuje riziko, \u017ee syst\u00e9m nebude schopn\u00fd vyv\u00e1\u017ei\u0165 z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e na stabiln\u00e9 hodnoty v rozumnom \u010dase, aj ke\u010f nebud\u00fa existova\u0165 vonkaj\u0161ie podnety zo strany pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vyva\u017eovanie za\u0165a\u017eenia v Openstacku (\u010cas\u0165 2)\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/5214b3af233e7c718fd40e6336472903.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h2>Hist\u00f3ria na\u0161ich v\u00fdvojov<\/h2>\n<p>\nNa vyrie\u0161enie tohto probl\u00e9mu sme sa rozhodli neza\u010da\u0165 od nuly, ale vych\u00e1dza\u0165 z existuj\u00facich sk\u00fasenost\u00ed a za\u010dali sme spolupracova\u0165 s odborn\u00edkmi, ktor\u00ed maj\u00fa v tejto oblasti sk\u00fasenosti. Na\u0161\u0165astie sa na\u0161e pochopenie problematiky \u00faplne zhodovalo. <\/p>\n<h3>F\u00e1za 1<\/h3>\n<p>\nVyu\u017eili sme syst\u00e9m zalo\u017een\u00fd na technol\u00f3gii neur\u00f3nov\u00fdch siet\u00ed a pok\u00fasili sme sa na jeho z\u00e1klade optimalizova\u0165 na\u0161e zdroje.<\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1ujem tejto f\u00e1zy spo\u010d\u00edval v overovan\u00ed novej technol\u00f3gie a jeho d\u00f4le\u017eitos\u0165 v aplik\u00e1cii netradi\u010dn\u00e9ho pr\u00edstupu k rie\u0161eniu \u00falohy, kde pri in\u00fdch rovnak\u00fdch podmienkach \u0161tandardn\u00e9 pr\u00edstupy takmer vy\u010derpali sami seba.<\/p>\n<p>Spustili sme syst\u00e9m a skuto\u010dne sa za\u010dala vyv\u00e1\u017eenos\u0165. Ve\u013ekos\u0165 na\u0161ej cloudu n\u00e1m neumo\u017enila dosiahnu\u0165 optimistick\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky, ktor\u00e9 uv\u00e1dzali v\u00fdvoj\u00e1ri, ale bolo jasn\u00e9, \u017ee vyv\u00e1\u017eenie funguje. <\/p>\n<p>Pri tom sme mali aj dostato\u010dne v\u00e1\u017ene obmedzenia:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Na \u0161kolenie neur\u00f3novej siete je potrebn\u00e9, aby virtu\u00e1lne stroje pracovali bez podstatn\u00fdch zmien po t\u00fd\u017edne alebo mesiace.<\/li>\n<li>Algoritmus je navrhnut\u00fd na optimaliz\u00e1ciu na z\u00e1klade anal\u00fdzy sk\u00f4r z\u00edskan\u00fdch \"historick\u00fdch\" \u00fadajov.<\/li>\n<li>Na \u0161kolenie neur\u00f3novej siete je potrebn\u00fd dostato\u010dne ve\u013ek\u00fd objem \u00fadajov a v\u00fdpo\u010dtov\u00fdch zdrojov. <\/li>\n<li>Optimaliz\u00e1ciu a vyv\u00e1\u017eenie je mo\u017en\u00e9 robi\u0165 relat\u00edvne zriedka \u2013 raz za nieko\u013eko hod\u00edn, \u010do je zjavne nedostato\u010dn\u00e9. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>F\u00e1za 2<\/h3>\n<p>\nKe\u010f\u017ee n\u00e1s nezauj\u00edmalo s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9 postavenie, rozhodli sme sa modifikova\u0165 syst\u00e9m a na to, aby sme odpovedali na <b>hlavn\u00fa ot\u00e1zku<\/b> \u2013 pre koho to rob\u00edme?<\/p>\n<p>Najsk\u00f4r \u2013 pre firemn\u00fdch klientov. Znamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee potrebujeme syst\u00e9m, ktor\u00fd funguje r\u00fdchlo, s t\u00fdmi firemn\u00fdmi obmedzeniami, ktor\u00e9 iba zjednodu\u0161uj\u00fa implement\u00e1ciu.<\/p>\n<p><b>Druh\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka<\/b> \u2013 \u010do ch\u00e1pa\u0165 pod pojmom \"r\u00fdchlo\"? Po kr\u00e1tkych debat\u00e1ch sme sa rozhodli, \u017ee m\u00f4\u017eeme vych\u00e1dza\u0165 z doby odozvy 5 \u2013 10 min\u00fat, aby kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 v\u00fdkyvy neviedli syst\u00e9m do rezonancie.<\/p>\n<p><b>Tretia ot\u00e1zka<\/b> \u2013 ak\u00fa ve\u013ekos\u0165 vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e9ho po\u010dtu serverov si vybra\u0165?<br \/>\nToto ot\u00e1zka sa vyrie\u0161ila sama. Zvy\u010dajne klienti nevytv\u00e1raj\u00fa ve\u013emi ve\u013ek\u00e9 agreg\u00e1ty serverov, \u010do zodpoved\u00e1 odpor\u00fa\u010daniam z \u010dl\u00e1nku obmedzi\u0165 agreg\u00e1ty na 30-40 serverov.<\/p>\n<p>Okrem toho segmentovan\u00edm serverov\u00e9ho poolu zjednodu\u0161ujeme \u00falohu vyva\u017eovacieho algoritmu.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u0160tvrt\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka<\/b> \u2013 ako ve\u013emi n\u00e1m vyhovuje neur\u00f3nov\u00e1 sie\u0165 s jej dlh\u00fdm procesom u\u010denia a zriedkav\u00fdm vyva\u017eovan\u00edm? Rozhodli sme sa vzda\u0165 sa jej v prospech jednoduch\u0161\u00edch operat\u00edvnych algoritmov, aby sme dosahovali v\u00fdsledky za sekundy. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vyva\u017eovanie za\u0165a\u017eenia v Openstacku (\u010cas\u0165 2)\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/73fb927b304ca5d61090a5c045568931.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nS popisom syst\u00e9mu, ktor\u00fd vyu\u017e\u00edva tak\u00e9 algoritmy a jeho nev\u00fdhodami, sa m\u00f4\u017eete obozn\u00e1mi\u0165 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/416391\/\">tu <\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Implementovali sme a spustili tento syst\u00e9m a dosiahli sme povzbudzuj\u00face v\u00fdsledky \u2013 teraz pravidelne analyzuje z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e cloudu a d\u00e1va odpor\u00fa\u010dania na presun virtu\u00e1lnych strojov, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa do zna\u010dnej miery spr\u00e1vne. U\u017e teraz je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee m\u00f4\u017eeme dosiahnu\u0165 10-15% uvo\u013enenia zdrojov pre nov\u00e9 virtu\u00e1lne stroje s zlep\u0161en\u00edm kvality pr\u00e1ce existuj\u00facich.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/webt\/ie\/ky\/wa\/iekywainupnidp_73j55hc1dbnw.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vyva\u017eovanie za\u0165a\u017eenia v Openstacku (\u010cas\u0165 2)\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/f1f0919ae653dc9b8c78b4d32d839313.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Pri zisten\u00ed nerovnov\u00e1hy v RAM alebo CPU syst\u00e9m d\u00e1va pr\u00edkazy pl\u00e1nova\u010du Tionix na vykonanie \u017eiv\u00e9ho migr\u00e1cie po\u017eadovan\u00fdch virtu\u00e1lnych strojov. Ako je vidie\u0165 zo syst\u00e9mu monitorovania, virtu\u00e1lny stroj sa presunul z jedn\u00e9ho (horn\u00e9ho) na druh\u00fd (doln\u00fd) hostite\u013e a uvo\u013enil pam\u00e4\u0165 na hornom hostite\u013eovi (vyzna\u010den\u00e9 \u017elt\u00fdmi kruhmi), pri\u010dom ju obsadil na dolnom (vyzna\u010den\u00e9 bielymi kruhmi).<\/p>\n<p>Teraz sa sna\u017e\u00edme presnej\u0161ie pos\u00fadi\u0165 efekt\u00edvnos\u0165 funguj\u00faceho algoritmu a sna\u017e\u00edme sa n\u00e1js\u0165 v \u0148om mo\u017en\u00e9 chyby.<\/p>\n<h3>F\u00e1za 3<\/h3>\n<p>\nNa prv\u00fd poh\u013ead sa zd\u00e1, \u017ee sa m\u00f4\u017eeme upokoji\u0165, po\u010dka\u0165 na preuk\u00e1zan\u00fa efekt\u00edvnos\u0165 a uzavrie\u0165 t\u00e9mu.<br \/>\nAle k nov\u00e9mu kroku n\u00e1s podnecuj\u00fa nasleduj\u00face zjavn\u00e9 mo\u017enosti optimaliz\u00e1cie<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0160tatistiky, napr\u00edklad, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cpubenchmark.net\/multi_cpu.html\">tu <\/a><\/noindex>a <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cpubenchmark.net\/high_end_cpus.html\">tu <\/a><\/noindex>ukazuj\u00fa, \u017ee dvoj- a \u0161tvorprocesorov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my s\u00fa svoj\u00edm v\u00fdkonom z\u00e1sadne ni\u017e\u0161ie ako jednoprosesorov\u00e9. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee v\u0161etci pou\u017e\u00edvatelia maj\u00fa z k\u00fapenej viacprocesorovej CPU, RAM, SSD, LAN, FC podstatne men\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdkon v porovnan\u00ed s jednoprosesorov\u00fdmi. <\/li>\n<li>Sami pl\u00e1nova\u010di zdrojov m\u00f4\u017eu pracova\u0165 s v\u00e1\u017enymi chybami, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ece.ubc.ca\/~sasha\/papers\/eurosys16-final29.pdf\">toto je jeden z \u010dl\u00e1nkov<\/a><\/noindex> na t\u00fato t\u00e9mu. <\/li>\n<li>Technol\u00f3gie monitorovania RAM a cache, ktor\u00e9 pon\u00fakaj\u00fa spolo\u010dnosti Intel a AMD, umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa sk\u00fama\u0165 spr\u00e1vanie virtu\u00e1lnych strojov a umiest\u0148ova\u0165 ich tak, aby \u201ehlasit\u00ed\u201c susedia neprek\u00e1\u017eali \u201epokojn\u00fdm\u201c virtu\u00e1lnym strojom. <\/li>\n<li>Roz\u0161\u00edrenie s\u00faboru parametrov (sie\u0165, \u00falo\u017eisko, priorita virtu\u00e1lneho stroja, n\u00e1klady na migr\u00e1ciu, jej pripravenos\u0165 na migr\u00e1ciu).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2>Spolu<\/h2>\n<p>\nV\u00fdsledkom na\u0161ej pr\u00e1ce na zlep\u0161en\u00ed algoritmov vyva\u017eovania je jednozna\u010dn\u00fd z\u00e1ver, \u017ee pomocou modern\u00fdch algoritmov m\u00f4\u017eete dosiahnu\u0165 v\u00fdznamn\u00fa optimaliz\u00e1ciu zdrojov (25-30%) d\u00e1tov\u00fdch centier a zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 t\u00fdm kvalitu slu\u017eieb pre z\u00e1kazn\u00edkov.<\/p>\n<p>Algoritmus zalo\u017een\u00fd na neur\u00f3nov\u00fdch sie\u0165ach je bezpochyby zauj\u00edmav\u00fdm, ale potrebuj\u00facim \u010fal\u0161\u00ed rozvoj rie\u0161en\u00edm, a vzh\u013eadom na existuj\u00face obmedzenia nie je vhodn\u00fdm pre rie\u0161enie tak\u00fdchto \u00faloh na objemoch typick\u00fdch pre priv\u00e1tne cloudy. V s\u00fakromn\u00fdch cloudoch v\u0161ak algoritmus dosiahol naozaj dobr\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky.<\/p>\n<p>Podrobnej\u0161ie o mo\u017enostiach procesorov, pl\u00e1nova\u010dov a vysoko\u00farov\u0148ov\u00e9ho vyva\u017eovania sa dozviete v \u010fal\u0161\u00edch \u010dl\u00e1nkoch.<br \/>\n<br \/>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/rostelecom\/blog\/465715\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u043c\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e \u043f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c Watcher \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0447\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0431\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u043a\u0430. \u0412\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430. \u0421\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u043c\u044b \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0443\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0431\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u043a\u0435. \u041d\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":28330,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-37745","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0412 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u043c\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e \u043f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c Watcher \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0447\u0435\u0442 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